introduction to plants - basic overview
DESCRIPTION
A basic overview of vascular and non vascular plants - gymnosperms and angiosperms; monocots and dicots. Appropriate for High School or advanced middle school.TRANSCRIPT
14.0 Describe Principles of 14.0 Describe Principles of Plant Growth ProductionPlant Growth Production 14.2 Explore methods of 14.2 Explore methods of
classifying plants.classifying plants.
Introduction To PlantsIntroduction To Plants
Two Groups of PlantsTwo Groups of Plants Nonvascular - most primitive, rely on Nonvascular - most primitive, rely on
water coming to them.water coming to them. Vascular - contain vascular tissue that Vascular - contain vascular tissue that
transports water.transports water. And Fungi – which are not plantsAnd Fungi – which are not plants
And Non PlantsAnd Non Plants Fungi - Fungi -
most primitive; do not havemost primitive; do not have true roots, leaves, true roots, leaves, stems stems
do not contain chlorophyll in their do not contain chlorophyll in their cellscells
Obtain their food from other sources Obtain their food from other sources – heterotrophs or parasites– heterotrophs or parasites Reproduce asexually - sporesReproduce asexually - spores Example:Example: Mushrooms, molds, puffballs, Mushrooms, molds, puffballs,
lichenslichens
Mushrooms and Toadstools
Found in damp, shady places
Very short lifespan
Most are poisonous
(if it is red it is poison)
Some grown for commercial use
fungi which grow in symbiosis with algae, fungi which grow in symbiosis with algae, forming a structure in which the algal cells forming a structure in which the algal cells are imbedded in the fungal structure are imbedded in the fungal structure (hyphae)(hyphae)
the algae gets water and minerals from the the algae gets water and minerals from the fungusfungus
the fungus gets food from the algae which the fungus gets food from the algae which is able to conduct photosynthesisis able to conduct photosynthesis
found on bare rocks in a crust like, shrub found on bare rocks in a crust like, shrub like, or leaf like formlike, or leaf like form
can be used to make perfume or for dyescan be used to make perfume or for dyes
LichensLichens
Non-vascular PlantNon-vascular Plant NonvascularNonvascular
no vascular tissueno vascular tissue no leaves, stems, or no leaves, stems, or
rootsroots low growing, close to low growing, close to
the groundthe ground reach maturity quicklyreach maturity quickly can grow in varying can grow in varying
climatesclimates Produce food in every Produce food in every
cellcell
MossesMosses
a flowerless planta flowerless plant lies flat and grows in moist areas lies flat and grows in moist areas
(carpet like appearance) (carpet like appearance) reproduces sexuallyreproduces sexually Economics - used by gardeners as a Economics - used by gardeners as a
mulch because it helps keep moisture mulch because it helps keep moisture close to the plants roots.close to the plants roots.
AlgaeAlgae different shapes, sizes, and colorsdifferent shapes, sizes, and colors simple plants that contain simple plants that contain
photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll)photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll) found in wet soilfound in wet soil
Vascular PlantsVascular Plants has vascular tissue – has vascular tissue –
tissue that moves food tissue that moves food and nutrients around and nutrients around plantplant
leaves, stems, and rootsleaves, stems, and roots produces food for plant produces food for plant
only in leavesonly in leaves
May have a long life span – May have a long life span – one season or manyone season or many grows tall and widegrows tall and wide Has chlorophyll for photosynthesis Has chlorophyll for photosynthesis
examples: ferns, trees, examples: ferns, trees, grasses and grasses and
flowering flowering plantsplants
Two Groups of Vascular PlantsTwo Groups of Vascular Plants
Gymnosperms - naked seedGymnosperms - naked seed Angiosperms - vessel seedAngiosperms - vessel seed
Gymnosperm vs. AngiospermGymnosperm vs. Angiosperm
Gymnosperm -Gymnosperm -expose their seedsexpose their seedsexamples-pine, spruce, ferns examples-pine, spruce, ferns
and conifers treesand conifers trees
AngiospermAngiospermproduce and store their produce and store their seeds in an ovary – often seeds in an ovary – often called fruitcalled fruitexamples - roses, elm examples - roses, elm trees, geraniums, apple trees, geraniums, apple trees, etc.trees, etc.
Subclasses of AngiospermsSubclasses of AngiospermsA. Monocots – A. Monocots –
single seed leaf single seed leaf (cotyledon)(cotyledon)
flowers/petals grow in flowers/petals grow in groups of threegroups of three
leaves have parallel leaves have parallel veinsveins
Flowers often small, overlookedFlowers often small, overlooked Usually grow for only one yearUsually grow for only one year Examples: corn, grasses, onions, Examples: corn, grasses, onions,
lilies and many grainslilies and many grains
DicotsDicots
two seed leaves (cotyledons)two seed leaves (cotyledons) flowers/petals grow in groups flowers/petals grow in groups
of four or fiveof four or five leaves have network veins leaves have network veins
that branch outthat branch out
Examples: trees, sunflower, Examples: trees, sunflower, beans, pumpkins and cloverbeans, pumpkins and clover..
Greatest number of plants are dicots
Tend to live a long time – one season or many
Produce food, clothing, housing
Review: Review: Vascular or Non-vascular?Vascular or Non-vascular?
Moss
Review: Review: Vascular or Non-vascular?Vascular or Non-vascular?
flowering tree
Review:Review:Gymnosperm or Angiosperm?Gymnosperm or Angiosperm?
Rose
Review:Review:Gymnosperm or Angiosperm?Gymnosperm or Angiosperm?
Pine Tree
Review:Review:Monocot or Dicot?Monocot or Dicot?
Corn
Review:Review:Monocot or Dicot?Monocot or Dicot?
Bean