introdução à medicina dec 16, 2005academic misconduct 1 introdução à medicina introdução à...
Post on 19-Dec-2015
224 views
TRANSCRIPT
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
1
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina Introdução à Introdução à
MedicinaMedicina
GuidingGuiding Professor: Professor:
Dra. Cristina SantosDra. Cristina Santos
Work done by:
Class 5Class 5
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
2
Medical students’ attitudes Medical students’ attitudes and reported behaviour on and reported behaviour on
academic misconductacademic misconduct
ResearchResearch WorkWork
Second Presentation – March 17, 2006Second Presentation – March 17, 2006
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
3
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
IntroductionIntroduction
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
4
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
HonestyHonesty
IntegrityIntegrity
ProfessionalismProfessionalism
www.impensadejacutinga.com
www.chirec.be
lists.w3.org
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
5
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Other WorksOther Works
At Dundee University Medical School an anonymous questionnaire revealed that medical students could tell right from wrong, but also that their behaviour was not what they considered right (S C Rennie and J R Crosby; Differences in medical students’ attitudes behaviour across the years; 2002).
The observation of american medical students by Sierles F. et al reported that 58% of the students had
copied during exams (Sierles F, Hendrickx I, Circle S; Cheating at medical school; J Med Educ 1980 ;55:124- 125).
And what about Oporto’s students??
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
6
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
ObjectivesObjectives
Analyse the attitudes and reported Analyse the attitudes and reported behaviour of medical students of behaviour of medical students of
“Universidade do Porto”,“Universidade do Porto”,
““Tomorrow’s Doctors”Tomorrow’s Doctors”
Analyse the attitudes and reported behaviour of Oporto’s nursing students in comparison with
medical students’.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
7
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
PARTICIPANTSPARTICIPANTS&&
METHODSMETHODS
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
8
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Target population: Oporto's medical and nursing students.
Samples:
SamplingSampling
Medicine
Nursing
FMUP
ICBAS
40 / 256 1st yr students
32 / 206 3rd yr students
28 / 185 6th yr students
43 / 154 1st yr students
31 / 150 3rd yr students
26 / 115 6th yr students
37 1st yr students
35 3rd yr students
28 4th yr students
100 Students(out of 1316)
100 Students(out of 850)
100 Students(out of ?)
ESEnfSJ
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
9
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
SamplingSampling
The size of the sample (n) was calculated according to the formula:
amplitude
n
PP
14
The amplitude of our work is 20% and the proportion (P) is 50%
“n” is equal to 100 The confidence interval is 95%
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
10
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Random group sample• The units we inquired were classes
• Classes were randomly chosen (SPSS)
1st Year 3th Year “Seniors”
FMUP Class 4; 10; 17; 19 Class 8; 12; 15 Class 9; 16
ICBAS Class 5; 9; 15 Class 8; 13 Class 2; 10
ESEnfSJ Class c; d; f; j ---- ----
SamplingSampling
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
11
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Data Gathering InstrumentsData Gathering Instruments
Our questionnaire is a translation and adaptation of one made by students and professors from Dundee University Medical School (Rennie SC, Crosby JR; Are ´´ tomorrow doctors`` honest? Questionnaire study exploring medical students´ attitudes and reported behaviour on academic misconduct).
The survey was made in the three faculties, to randomly chosen classes.
FMUP - From the 6th to the 10th of February 2006
ICBAS and ESEnf S.J. – From the 7th to the 20th of February
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
12
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicinaData Gathering Data Gathering
InstrumentsInstruments
Information will be collected using two questionnaires:
for Boys
for Girls
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
13
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
The Dundee University Medical School questionnaire is composed of 14 different situations. Each student should answer: yes, no or not sure.
In order to adapt the questionnaire to the target population, it was translated. New situations were added and some questions were reformulated.
QuestionnaireQuestionnaire (Model)
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
14
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Gantt Chart
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
15
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Flow chart
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
16
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Pre-TestPre-Test
Lowering the probability of occurring systematic and random errors.
Took part in the pre-test:
FMUP: 20+20 students
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
17
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Changes:
Situations and questions were reformulated (eg.: situation 19 and question III)
New situations about drinking and going out at night were added.
It was not asked what kind of punishment should be used in each situation.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
18
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicinaQuestionnaires Questionnaires
(definitive)(definitive)
Joana’s questionnaire (girls’)
João’s questionnaire (boys’)
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
19
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
20
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicinaDataData Processing Processing
MethodsMethods
Collected data was inserted in SPSSSPSS®®
A table was formatted to this specific task
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
21
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Statistical Analysis:Statistical Analysis:
Frequency tables
Chi-Square
Syntax
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
22
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
ResultsResults
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
23
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Cheating
In exams In college worksPlagiarism
Missing lessons
Going out at night
Professional integrity
Next morning tiredness
Alcohol related issues
Situation 1/2
Situation 5/6/7/8
Situation 3/4/9
Situation 10/11
Situation 15/16/17/18
Situation 12/19
Situation 13/14
Analysis Project
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
24
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
In each group: General analyse of the answers. Possible relations between the answers in
each situation. Relations between faculties. Relations between gender. Relations between Year.
Possible relations between key situations of each group.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
25
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
About Cheating:About Cheating:
1) João copied Ana’s answers in the exam.
2) João is talking to Ana about the exam she just took and in which he is about to be evaluated.
In exams:
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
26
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Although they disagree with cheating in exams, they do cheat.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
27
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Differences between FacultiesDifferences between Faculties (About cheating)
I) Did students agree on cheating?
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
28
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
29
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
II) Did they think there should be any punishment for cheaters?
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
30
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
III) Would they consider to cheat?
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
31
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
32
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Differences between GendersDifferences between Genders (About cheating)
I) Did students agree on cheating?
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
33
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Differences between Years Differences between Years (About cheating)
I) Did students agree on cheating?
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
34
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
35
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
In college work projects:5) João copied Ana’s work.
6) Ana lent her work to João and he copied it without telling her anything.
About Cheating:About Cheating:
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
36
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
7) João lent Ana his work for her to copy.
8) João did Ana’s work for her.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
37
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicinaAlthough they disagree with coping in
college work projects, they do copy them.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
38
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Differences between FacultiesDifferences between Faculties (About cheating in college work projects)
I) Did students agree on coping in college work projects)?
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
39
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
II) Did they think there should be any punishment in coping college work projects)?
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
40
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
41
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
III) Would they consider to copy in college work projects?
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
42
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Differences between GendersDifferences between Genders (About
cheating in college work projects)
I) Did students agree on coping in college work projects?
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
43
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
44
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
III) Would they consider to copy in college work projects?
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
45
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
46
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
About Plagiarism :About Plagiarism :
4) João copied texts form books/magazines and referenced them as being of his own.
3)João copied texts form books/magazines and only referenced them.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
47
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
9) João submitted a work that had already been submitted, previously, by other student.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
48
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
About missing About missing lessons:lessons:
10) João missed his theoretical lessons (without required presence) without motive.
11) João missed his lessons of obligatory presence without motive.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
49
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
About going out at night:About going out at night:
Next morning tiredness: 12) João usually goes out at night with lessons in the next morning.
19) João went to a clinical practice lesson on a morning, extremely tired, after having gone out the night before.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
50
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Alcohol related issues:
13) João got drunk at a party, knowing he had lessons the following morning.
14) João gets drunk several times a week.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
51
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
About professional About professional integrity:integrity:
15) João forged Dr. Rui’s signature on a prescription
16) João declared “Normal Neural Examination” without analysing the pacient.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
52
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
17) João consulted patients’ clinical records as a source of information for his research.
18) João described the situation of a patient he had recently examined to Ana, without the patient’s consent.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
53
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
ConclusionConclusion
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
54
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
In general, they do not agree with the attitude but consider that there should not be a punishment for those who do it. In the end, they considered doing it.
Same students that disagree with cheating consider cheating as an option.
About cheating:About cheating:
In exams:
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
55
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
There are some significant differences between faculties: ESESJ: Those who disagree the most with
this attitude (56%). FMUP: Those who agree the least with the
punishment (46%). ICBAS: Those who consider the most doing
the same (42%), in opposition with ESESJ.Students from ESESJ have the most
positive attitude about cheating followed by FMUP and ICBAS which are very similar.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
56
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Between Years, it is relevant that seniors students are those who disagree the most with cheating, although there is no differences between consider doing it.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
57
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Students consider the attitude wrong, do not consider doing the same and agree with the application of a penalty.
Although they disagree with coping college work projects, they do copy them.
In college work projects:
About cheating:About cheating:
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
58
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
There are some significant differences between faculties: ESESJ: Those who disagree the most with the attitude. ESESJ: Those who agree the most with the application
of a penalty. ESESJ: Those who considered the least cheating in
college works project.
Boys are those who agree the most , and also the ones who strongly consider doing it.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
59
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
About plagiarism:About plagiarism:
In general, students disagree with plagiarism, and do not consider doing the same.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
60
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Students agree that missing theoretical lessons is not wrong.
Students have an opposite opinion about missing lessons of obligatory presence, not considering missing them.
About missing lessons:About missing lessons:
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
61
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Students do not consider wrong going out at night with lessons in the next morning.
Although, they consider wrong going out at night with clinical practice lessons in the next morning.
About going out at night:About going out at night:
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
62
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Students consider that getting drunk at parties with lessons in the following morning is not wrong.
They have the same opinion about getting drunk several times a week.
Dec 16, 2005academic misconduct
63
Introdução à Introdução à medicinamedicina
Students consider wrong forging signatures on prescriptions
They also consider wrong to emit general judgments on patients that had not been properly analysed.
About professional About professional integrity:integrity: