interactive systems and coatings for a sustainable built ... bhopal-university of bath... · task...

Interactive Systems and Coatings for a Sustainable Built Environment

Dr. Rajnish Kurchania Department of Physics

Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India e-mail: [email protected]

Institutions Involved

Indian Partners : MANIT Bhopal IIT Delhi JEC Jaipur UK Partner : University of Bath UK

Objectives

Task -1 Dye sensitised solar cells Task -2 Detection of corrosion in RCC structures using Piezo sensors Structural Health Monitoring Task -3 Evaluation of effects of SOX and NOX on lime mortar in an environmental chamber Task -4 Dispersion of the carbondioxide in the indoor environment of Balehaus Task -5 Photocatalytic coating for built environment

Progress and Outcome

Group 1 MANIT Bhopal, JEC Jaipur, University of Bath UK Task -1 Dye Sensitised Solar Cells

Group 2 IIT Delhi, MANIT Bhopal & University of Bath UK Task -2 Detection of corrosion in RCC structures

using Piezo sensors Structural Health Monitoring Task -3 Evaluation of effects of SOX and NOX on lime mortar in an environmental chamber Task-4 Dispersion of the carbondioxide in the

indoor environment of Balehaus

Group 3 JEC Jaipur, MANIT Bhopal & University of Bath UK Task -5 Photocatalytic Coating for Built Environment

Solar Cell Technology: Landscape

Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (Task – I)

Objective: Development of Low Cost High Efficiency Dye Sensitised Solar Cells

Progress: A new metal-free dye (D) with one dithienylthienothiadiazole central

unit and two cyanoacrylic acid anchoring side groups, for use in DSSCs, was synthesized and characterized using optical and electrochemical analysis.

Effect of Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) as a co-adsorbent on dithienylthienothiadiazole based organic dye (D) and various thickness of TiO2 photoanode

Contd… The DSSC showed a PCE of 4.22% when the TiO2 film thickness was 12 mm.

This was improved further to 5.47% when the coadsorbant CDCA was added to the solution.

Team Members

1. Dr. Rajnish Kurchania MANIT Bhopal

2. Dr. R. J. Ball University of Bath UK

3. Dr. G. D. Sharma JEC Jaipur

4. Mr. Manjeet Singh MANIT Bhopal Doctoral Scholar

Detection of Corrosion in RCC Structures using Piezo Sensors Structural Health Monitoring (Task – 2)

Objective : Corrosion of the reinforcing steel in concrete is a major problem in maintaining an ageing infrastructure There are two main causes of corrosion of steel in concrete

Chloride attack

Carbonation

Technique developed: Piezoelectric-ceramic (PZT) materials, for example belong to the category of “Smart Materials” which can be used for effective corrosion sensor technology

To detect and quantify realistically both types of corrosion using piezo sensors via electro mechanical impedance (EMI) technique was developed

Contd… Team Members

1. Dr. Suresh Bhalla IIT Delhi



4. Dr. Kevin Paine University of Bath UK

5. Ms. Visalakshi Talakokula IIT Delhi (Doctoral Scholar)

6. Mr. Kamal Shanker Patel** IIT Delhi (M. Tech. Awarded) ** Dissertation Title : “Hydration Monitoring of Cementitious Materials Using PZT Patches”

Chloride induced Corrosion

Ferrous Hydroxide Fe(OH)2, Ferric Hydroxide Fe(OH)3, Hydrated Ferric Oxide (rust) Fe2O3H2O

Corrosion due to Carbonation

EMI Technique

PZT Patch Crack Structure

Progress and Outcome (Task-2)

In EMI technique a PZT patch is bonded to the surface of the monitored structure and Electrically excited at high frequency (30-400 KHz) via an impedance analyzer

PZT patch undergoes planar vibrations and interacts with host structure

‘Unknown’ host structure

f

PZT patch

E3

Boundary S

l l

l

l

Evaluation of effects of SOX and NOX on lime mortar in an Air Quality Environmental Chamber (Task – 3)

Progress :

Preparation of test sample specimen of dimension 50X30X5 mm3, using lime (as binder), quartz (as aggregate) and water

They remained in the molds in ambient laboratory conditions (60 ±10% RH and 20 ±5˚C) for 4 days

After this period, the samples were demolded, weighed and cured for 24 more days in the same laboratory conditions. Prepared mortars were hardened 28 days before performing the different tests

After curing of test sample specimen, they were cut, squared and washed with demineralised water and dried to constant weight


1. Dr. Mukesh Khare IIT Delhi



4. Dr. Gianluca Pesce University of Bath UK

5. Mr. Abhishek Singh Chauhan** IIT Delhi (M. Tech. Awarded)

**Disertation Title : “Evaluation of effects of SOx and NOx on Lime Mortar, Cement

Mortar & Cement Fly-ash Mortar in an Environmental Chamber”

IAQ Chamber

Chamber dimensions and it’s equipments (All dimensions in cm)

Photograph of Environmental Chamber Built at IIT Delhi

Dispersion of the Carbondioxide in the Different Indoor Environmental Conditions Balehaus

(Task – 4) Objective : Effect of the pollutants on materials

Sustainable built environment and Pollutants should not effect the humans and materials

Primary Pollutants:

Sulfur dioxide and Nitrogen dioxide

Progress:

Dispersion characteristics of the pollutants and their effects on the materials in the indoor air environment

A chamber to study the effect of air pollutants on the materials being designed

Dispersion characteristic studies of the carbon dioxide in the Balehaus undertaken

Variation of the carbon dioxide concentration with the introduction of an external source (dry ice)

Rate of spreading of the pollutant in a controlled environment was measured


1. Dr. Mukesh Khare IIT Delhi



4. Mr. Sumanth Chinthala IIT Delhi (Doctoral Scholar)

Location of the Equipment

Photocatalytic Coating for Built Environment (Task-5)

Objective and Outcome : Development and evaluation of photocatalytic coatings made by titanium dioxide

on different substrates

Determination of anatase/rutile ratio using Raman spectroscopy

Photocatalyst performance using LED UV source was evaluated

Tuning of bandgap by adding dopants

Team Members


2. Dr. Chris Bowen University of Bath UK

3. Mr. Manuel Nuno University of Bath UK Doctoral Scholar


5. Dr. G. D. Sharma JEC Jaipur

Contd…

• Test air pollutants’ degradation • Gas phase • 366nm at 10.5W/m2

• Room conditions Residual gas analyser

Biological tests

Biological Experiments

GROWTH

Spray

DILUTION

EXPOSURE

37°C 36hours

Residual Gas Analyser

Create ions Filter ions Detect&Amplify SIGNAL


NO + HO2• NO2

NO2 + •OH HNO3

NO + •OH HNO2

NOx removal

PROPOSAL MECHANISM


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Intensity

N O H2O N2 NO O2 Ar CO2

OH

NO is formed in the torch!!!

N2 2N O2 2O N+O NO

10ppm NOx in compressed air

Project Outreach No. of exchanges under the project India to UK 09 (06 Faculty, 03 Students) UK to India 05 (03 Faculty, 02 Students) (03 Faculty, 02 Students i.e. 05 likely to visit in Dec 2013 from UK)

No. of joint publications / research papers Published: 06 Submitted: 03

Media mention / Press release

UKIERI workshop was organized at MANIT Bhopal 10-11 Jan 2013 and was covered by various national dailies such as: Times of India, Hindustan Times, Patrika, Peoples Samachar and Raj Express

Papers Published/Communicated 1. Pesce, G. L., Ball, R. J., Bowen, C. R., Kurchania, R. and Bhalla, S., 2012. Monitoring

hydration in lime - metakaolin composites. In: Russell, M., ed. 32nd Cement & Concrete Science Conference, 17-18 September 2012, Queens University Belfast, Belfast. , pp. 116-121.

2. Pesce, G. L., Kurchania, R., Bowen, C. R., Bhalla, S., Ball, R. J., 2012. Monitoring hydration in lime - metakaolin composites. In: Ferreira, V. M., Dias, A. B., Afonso, A. S. and de Brito, J., eds. Congress of Innovation on Sustainable Construction (CINCOS'12), 20-22 September 2012, University of Aveiro, Portugal. , pp. 319-328.

3. Sharma, G. D., Kurchania, R., Ball, R. J., Roy, M. S. and Mikroyannidis, J. A., 2012. Effect of deoxycholic acid on the performance of liquid electrolyte dye-sensitized solar cells using a perylene monoimide derivative. International Journal of Photoenergy, 2012, 983081, 7 pages.

4. Sharma, G. D., Mikroyannidis, J. A., Roy, M. S., Justin Thomas, K. R., Ball, R. J. and Kurchania, R., Dithienylthienothiadiazole-based organic dye containing two cyanoacrylic acid anchoring units for dye-sensitized solar cells, RSC Advances, vol. 2, 11457-64, 2012, DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21718j

Contd… 5. Sharma, G. D., Singh, S. P., Kurchania, R. and Ball, R. J., Cosensitization of dye

sensitized solar cells with a thiocyanate free Ru dye and a metal free dye containing thienylfluorene conjugation. RSC Advances, vol. 3 (17), pp. 6036-6043, 2013

6. G. D. Sharma, Surya Prakash Singh, P. Nagarjuna, J. A. Mikroyannidis, R. J. Ball, and Rajnish Kurchania.,Efficient dye-sensitized solar cells based on cosensitized metal free organic dyes with complementary absorption spectra. J. Renewable Sustainable Energy vol. 5, 043107, 2013

7. T. Visalakshi, S. Bhalla, R.J. Ball, G. L. Pesce, Rajnish Kurchania and A. Gupta “Assessment of carbonation induced rebar corrosion in RC structures using piezo-impedance transducers” Submitted to Corrosion Science 2013

8. S. Chinthala, R. J. Ball, Rajnish Kurchania, M. Khare “Monitoring and Modelling of Pollutant Dispersion in a Built Environment: A case study of CO2 dispersion in a Balehaus” Submitted to ENAS 2013 Urban Environmental Pollution Conference Beijing China 17-20 Nov 2013

9. Abhishek Singh Chauhan, Sumanth Chinthala, R.J. Ball, Rajnish Kurchania, Mukesh Khare An Environmental Chamber Based Study to determine the effect of SOx and NOx on Construction Materials (Under Communication)

Project Outreach Lectures organized

1. “Lime Based Building Materials-Nanolime, Carbonation and Radiocarbon Dating” (Participants - 30) by Dr. Gianluca Pesce from University of Bath, at CSIR-Advanced Materials and process Research Institute (AMPRI) Bhopal on 1st June 2012 2. “A mechanical impedance approach for structural health monitoring and non-destructive evaluation using piezo transducers” (Participants - 40) by Dr. Suresh Bhalla from IIT Delhi at University of Bath on 21st June 2012

Project Outreach 3. “Novel Lime Mortars” (Participants - 40) by Dr. R. J. Ball from University of Bath at IIT Delhi on 8th Jan 2013 4. “Solar Photovoltaics” (Participants - 70) by Dr. Rajnish Kurchania from MANIT Bhopal at Jaipur Engineering College (JEC) Jaipur on 15th Jan 2013 5. “Photocatalytic Coatings for the Built Environment” (Participants - 70)

by Mr. Manuel Nuno from University of Bath, at Jaipur Engineering College (JEC) Jaipur on 15th Jan 2013

Workshop Organized

Two Day International Workshop on

“Interactive Systems and Coatings for a Sustainable Built Environment”

was organised at MANIT Bhopal from 10-11 Jan 2013

(100 participants and 16 invited speakers from University of Bath, IIT's and CSIR labs)

Hindustan Times, Bhopal,

Friday, January 11, 2013

Times of India, Bhopal, Sunday,

January 13, 2013

Patrika, Bhopal, January 11 and 12 2013

Raj Express, Bhopal, Friday,

January 11 2013

People’s Samachar , Bhopal,

Friday, January 11 2013

Future Activities Planned

Workshop

Two day International Workshop is planned at IIT Delhi “Green Route to Sustainable Urban Environment”

from 6-7 Dec 2013 sponsored by Quazar Technologies

Visits

03 Faculty and 02 Doctoral Scholars from University of Bath UK will visit India in Dec 2013 at IIT Delhi, MANIT and AMPRI Bhopal

Success indicator of the project/Sustainability

Organized a two day international workshop at MANIT Bhopal

Research Publications

Successful in getting sponsored research projects RFBR-DST European Union

Dr. Rajnish Kurchania has been appointed as Senior Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Bath UK

Collaboration "Eco-innovative, safe and energy efficient wall panels and materials for a healthier indoor environment (ECO-SEE)", under FP7 Grant of European Union (EU)

Number of Partners: 17 Funding to IITD –Euro 106530/- (Out of Total Euro 6,550, 000/-) Duration: 2 years PIs: Prof. Peter Walker (UK) and Prof. Mukesh Khare (India)

MoU Signed CSIR-Advanced Materials and Process Research Institute (AMPRI) Bhopal, MANIT Bhopal and University of Bath, UK to carry out collaborative research work


Project Awarded Dr. Rajnish Kurchania and Prof. G. D. Sharma funding of Rs. 20,00,000/- for a period of two years “Design and Synthesis of New Conjugated Low Band Gap Polymers Based on “Weak Donor-Strong Acceptor” An Approach for Efficient Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells” Funded by: Russian Foundation of Basic Research and Department of Science and Technology (RFBR-DST) in collaboration with Prof. A. R. Khokhlov, Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Advisory Board of the Research Project Dr. Rajnish Kurchania (MANIT) and Dr. Suresh Bhalla (IITD) are on the advisory board of the research project worth £162,354/- “A sensory nervous system for buildings” Submitted to: The Leverhulme Trust, UK by Dr. Richard J Ball (PI, Civil Engg.), Prof. Chris Bowen (Co-PI, Mechanical Engg.) and Dr. John Taylor (Co-PI, Electrical Engg.)


Best practices for working on joint bilateral projects

Timely planning, knowledge sharing Excellent exchange between UK and India Achievable objectives

Writing and publishing joint research papers and research projects

Keeping/maintaining regular contacts through e-mails, skype etc.

Keeping other members informed about the project activities and keeping them involved

Issues and Concerns

Clear guidelines from UKIERI on VISA application

VISA application should be assessed and fee may be waived or paid directly to British High Commission/Indian High Commission by UKIERI for the project partners in India and UK

In UKIERI-III call existing UKIERI grant holders are not eligible to apply

Well established links and working relationship (UKIERI-II) between partner institutions can only be extended and strengthened with continuous funding and support by UKIERI

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