intelligence and mental abilities
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Intelligence and Mental Abilities. You have to do the best with what God gave you. . What is Intelligence?. What is Intelligence?. It is a concept and not a “thing.” It is socially constructed from cultures. Defined: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Intelligence and Mental AbilitiesIntelligence and Mental Abilities
You have to do the best with what God gave
you.
What is Intelligence?What is Intelligence?
What is Intelligence?What is Intelligence?It is a concept and not a “thing.”It is socially constructed from cultures.Defined:
mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.
What is your intelligence?What is your intelligence?
Charles SpearmanCharles Spearman
Believed we have ONE general (g) intelligence.
Developed a factor analysis.statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test.
Those who score high in one area will typically score high in other areas (i.e. verbal intelligence, spatial or reasoning).
L.L. ThurstoneL.L. ThurstoneOpposed Spearman.
Identified Seven ClustersWord fluencyverbal comprehensionspatial abilityperceptual speednumerical abilityinductive reasoningmemory
Challenged by other researchers because research was inclusive.
Theories of Multiple Intelligence
Theories of Multiple Intelligence
Howard Gardner
Robert Sternberg
Howard GardnerHoward GardnerIntelligence comes in packages.
Studied people with diminished or exceptional abilities.
Savant syndrome
Eight intelligences
Success = Success = •Talent •+ Grit
Robert SternbergRobert SternbergAgrees there are multiple intelligences.
ThreeAnalytical (academic-problem solving) intelligence.
Assessed by IQ testingCreative intelligence
Reacting to situations.Practical intelligence
Everyday tasks
Another type of intelligence…Another type of intelligence…
• Emotional– Related to Gardner’s concepts of interpersonal and
intrapersonal.– Four major aspects:
• The ability to perceive and express emotions accurately and appropriately.
• The ability to use emotions while thinking.• The ability to understand emotions and use the knowledge
effectively.• The ability to regulate one’s emotions to promote personal
growth.
How Do We Assess Intelligence?
How Do We Assess Intelligence?
“The Republic” “The Republic”
• “...no two persons are born exactly alike; but each differs from the other in natural endowments, one being suited for one occupation and the other for another.”
The Modern Intelligence-Testing
Movement
The Modern Intelligence-Testing
Movement
The CreatorsThe Creators• Alfred Binet
– 1904, Paris.– Partner: Théodore Simon– School determination.– Based on age (mental age).– Purpose: ID children who needed attention.– Feared that it would be used to label children.
Stanford-BinetStanford-Binet• Lewis Terman
– 1916, Stanford.– Increased to teenangers/adults.– Based on IQ.
•William Stern
•Derived the formula.
•Used by Terman.
•Average IQ = 100
Mental Age
IQ TestIQ Test
IQ = x 100
Chronological Age
TodayToday• Tests represent the test-taker’s
performance relative to the average performance of others the same age.
DiscriminationDiscrimination
Modern Testing of Mental Abilities
Modern Testing of Mental Abilities
• Achievement Test• Intended to reflect what you’ve learned• Example: AHSGE, AP Exams
• Aptitude Test• Intended to predict your ability to
learn new skills.• Example: ACT, SAT, GRE
Most Popular IQ TestMost Popular IQ Test• Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
• 11 subtests broken into verbal and performance areas.
• Separate scores.
• Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
Principles of Test Construction
Principles of Test Construction
• Must meet three criteria:
(1) Standardized• taken overtime to develop a comparison that becomes
meaningful.
(2) Reliable• yielding dependable testing scores.• retesting.
(3) Valid• the extent to which the test measures or predicts what it
promises.• content validity• predictive validity
• www.begent.org/intelquiz.htm
• www.alliqtest.com/tests/2/2
• www.alliqtests.com