integrated hardware design for broadband and home networking charlie raasch director technology...

Integrated Hardware Integrated Hardware Design For Broadband Design For Broadband And Home NetworkingAnd Home Networking

Charlie RaaschCharlie RaaschDirectorDirectorTechnology PlanningTechnology PlanningPersonal Computing DivisionPersonal Computing DivisionConexant Systems, Inc.Conexant Systems, Inc.

InternetInternet GatewayGateway In-house In-house wiringwiring

InternetInternet

Changing Models For Internet AccessChanging Models For Internet Access

Today’s modelToday’s model Separate POTS Separate POTS

connections to Internetconnections to Internet No simultaneous No simultaneous

access)access) Cable modem to InternetCable modem to Internet

Single computer Single computer access onlyaccess only

FloppyNetFloppyNet

Tomorrow’s modelTomorrow’s model Single Internet Single Internet

access pointaccess point Wireless or phone Wireless or phone

line networkingline networking Easily configurable Easily configurable

networknetwork

Requirements For Requirements For Internet AccessInternet Access Single point of entry for Single point of entry for

Internet accessInternet access Distribution of Internet dataDistribution of Internet data Internet access by all devicesInternet access by all devices

Simultaneously Simultaneously IndependentlyIndependently

Why?Why?

For broadband, only one computer For broadband, only one computer can link to the outside worldcan link to the outside world

Demand for rich Web content Demand for rich Web content and servicesand services Enabled by broadband Internet accessEnabled by broadband Internet access

Broadband AccessBroadband Access

DSL*DSL* Cable*Cable* ModemModem 2 line POTS modem2 line POTS modem OthersOthers

ISDNISDN SatelliteSatellite

Access Pipe - ModemAccess Pipe - Modem

AdvantagesAdvantages UbiquitousUbiquitous Low cost, both in client and serviceLow cost, both in client and service Independent access by multiple devicesIndependent access by multiple devices

No need for Internet sharing, No need for Internet sharing, simple user modelsimple user model

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Long connect timeLong connect time Low bandwidthLow bandwidth Circuit switched natureCircuit switched nature

One circuit, one deviceOne circuit, one device ISP investment (not network provider)ISP investment (not network provider)

Several users per modemSeveral users per modem

Access Pipe - 2 Line ModemAccess Pipe - 2 Line Modem AdvantagesAdvantages

UbiquitousUbiquitous Low cost, both in client and serviceLow cost, both in client and service Higher bandwidth than single line modemHigher bandwidth than single line modem

Near ISDN BRI ratesNear ISDN BRI rates DisadvantagesDisadvantages

Ties up both voice linesTies up both voice lines Call waiting can solve this problemCall waiting can solve this problem Long connect timeLong connect time

Circuit switched natureCircuit switched nature One circuit, one PCOne circuit, one PC Several users per modem, ISP investmentSeveral users per modem, ISP investment

Additional ISP investmentAdditional ISP investment ISPs need to find additional revenue to ISPs need to find additional revenue to

cover additional hardwarecover additional hardware ISP still controls the networkISP still controls the network

Moving The Data Around - Moving The Data Around - Market Demand For Market Demand For Home NetworkingHome Networking Approx. 15 million multiple-PC households in U.S. Approx. 15 million multiple-PC households in U.S.

(Dataquest, Jupiter)(Dataquest, Jupiter) Multi-PC PC purchases account for 30-80% of Multi-PC PC purchases account for 30-80% of

consumer PC purchases in U.S. (Intel-IDC)consumer PC purchases in U.S. (Intel-IDC) Internet, printer and file sharing are key Internet, printer and file sharing are key

driving applicationsdriving applications People understand networkingPeople understand networking

Almost all businesses and many schools are networkedAlmost all businesses and many schools are networked Easy to install and low-cost are key requirementsEasy to install and low-cost are key requirements Enables connection of PCs and “Smart Appliances”Enables connection of PCs and “Smart Appliances”

Internet phones, Internet Set Top, etc.Internet phones, Internet Set Top, etc.

Home Networking MediaHome Networking Media

10Base-T Ethernet10Base-T Ethernet IEEE 1394IEEE 1394 PowerlinePowerline WirelessWireless PhonelinePhoneline

Networking - New Networking - New Wires RequiredWires Required Many newer (nerdly) homes have Cat 5 preinstalledMany newer (nerdly) homes have Cat 5 preinstalled

Will support 10/100/1000Base-T and IEEE 1394Will support 10/100/1000Base-T and IEEE 1394 10Base-T Ethernet10Base-T Ethernet

AdvantagesAdvantages Low-cost, established silicon infrastructureLow-cost, established silicon infrastructure

DisadvantagesDisadvantages New Wires required for the vast majority of homesNew Wires required for the vast majority of homes

IEEE 1394IEEE 1394 AdvantagesAdvantages

FastFast Supports isochronous transfersSupports isochronous transfers

DisadvantagesDisadvantages New Wires require for the vast majority of homesNew Wires require for the vast majority of homes New silicon support infrastructure requiredNew silicon support infrastructure required

Costs are higher than other solutionsCosts are higher than other solutions

Power LinePower Line

AdvantagesAdvantages Goes to at least three walls in every room in the houseGoes to at least three walls in every room in the house

The ultimate in “No new wires”The ultimate in “No new wires” All devices requiring wall power (almost all) need All devices requiring wall power (almost all) need

no additional external connection no additional external connection

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Interface means are expensiveInterface means are expensive

Safety regulatory requirements key and drive costSafety regulatory requirements key and drive cost Noise profile on the power lineNoise profile on the power line

Extreme environment for dataExtreme environment for data Data privacyData privacy InteroperabilityInteroperability

Wireless a likely winner for untethered peripherals, Wireless a likely winner for untethered peripherals, assuming interoperability issues are addressedassuming interoperability issues are addressed

Anigma WebManAnigma WebManwww.anigma.comwww.anigma.com

WirelessWireless

AdvantagesAdvantages Supports roaming peripheralsSupports roaming peripherals No New WiresNo New Wires

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Limited bandwidthLimited bandwidth Varying impairments Varying impairments

of wireless channelof wireless channel Poor Interoperability - need a Poor Interoperability - need a

true multivendor standardtrue multivendor standard Physical layer costPhysical layer cost Privacy/SecurityPrivacy/Security

Phone line a likely winner for Phone line a likely winner for tethered peripheralstethered peripherals

Residential Phone LinesResidential Phone Lines

AdvantagesAdvantages No new wiresNo new wires Low-cost modulations possibleLow-cost modulations possible

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Not necessarily everywhere Not necessarily everywhere

it is necessaryit is necessary E.g., living room for Set TopsE.g., living room for Set Tops

Regulatory and Homologation costsRegulatory and Homologation costs

Focus On Phone LinesFocus On Phone Lines

Goes to most rooms which require Goes to most rooms which require a networked devicea networked device

Least expensive means to provide Least expensive means to provide wired data connectivitywired data connectivity

Integrates well with other RJ-11 Integrates well with other RJ-11 technologies to reduce system technologies to reduce system connections to the outside worldconnections to the outside world

Single standard from the outset Single standard from the outset removes customer confusion factorremoves customer confusion factor

CentralCentralofficeoffice

Residential Phone Lines Residential Phone Lines As A Medium (1)As A Medium (1) Physical plantPhysical plant

Maximum distance between any two nodes: ~500 feetMaximum distance between any two nodes: ~500 feet Network topology: general treeNetwork topology: general tree Cable type: unshielded twisted-pair and also unshielded Cable type: unshielded twisted-pair and also unshielded

non-twisted pairnon-twisted pair Using only Tip and Ring connectors; AWG 32-18Using only Tip and Ring connectors; AWG 32-18 Node impedance: 100-600 ohmNode impedance: 100-600 ohm Local loop distance to Central Office: 12,000 - 18,000 feetLocal loop distance to Central Office: 12,000 - 18,000 feet

Residential Phone Lines Residential Phone Lines As A Medium (2)As A Medium (2) Regulatory requirementsRegulatory requirements

Compliance with FCC Part 15 Class BCompliance with FCC Part 15 Class B Compliance with FCC Part 68Compliance with FCC Part 68 Compatibility to international PTT requirementsCompatibility to international PTT requirements

BABT confirms HLAN OK as long as it BABT confirms HLAN OK as long as it complies with TBR-21complies with TBR-21

HLAN in an unregulated spectrum in JapanHLAN in an unregulated spectrum in Japan No show-stopper issues have yet been encounteredNo show-stopper issues have yet been encountered

Still need to go through the homologation processStill need to go through the homologation process Market issues may limit deploymentMarket issues may limit deployment

Residential Phone Lines Residential Phone Lines As A Medium (3)As A Medium (3) Technical challengesTechnical challenges

Frequency-dependent amplitude Frequency-dependent amplitude (attenuation) and delay characteristics(attenuation) and delay characteristics

Round-trip node-to-node delayRound-trip node-to-node delay Impairments: impulse noise, crosstalk Impairments: impulse noise, crosstalk

in bundles, unterminated bridged taps, in bundles, unterminated bridged taps, spectral nullsspectral nulls

Carrier Sense and Collision detectionCarrier Sense and Collision detection Near-end cross-talk in local loop binderNear-end cross-talk in local loop binder

HomePNA 1.0 SpecificationHomePNA 1.0 Specification

Adopts Tut Systems’ networking Adopts Tut Systems’ networking technology as basis for first-technology as basis for first-generation home phoneline generation home phoneline specificationspecification

Highlights of HomePNA 1.0 Highlights of HomePNA 1.0 specification:specification: 1Mbps data rate1Mbps data rate Ethernet: standard 802.3 MAC, CSMA/CDEthernet: standard 802.3 MAC, CSMA/CD Support for up to 25 nodes across 500 ftSupport for up to 25 nodes across 500 ft FCC Part 15 and Part 68-compliantFCC Part 15 and Part 68-compliant

HomePNA 1.0 FeaturesHomePNA 1.0 Features No new wires No new wires

Leverages existing phone wiringLeverages existing phone wiring Compatible with existing services Compatible with existing services

Internet access, voice services, and home network Internet access, voice services, and home network coexist on the same wirecoexist on the same wire

Supports high-speed data rates Supports high-speed data rates 1Mbps, extendable to higher speeds1Mbps, extendable to higher speeds

Robust Robust Runs over poor wiring infrastructureRuns over poor wiring infrastructure

Simple to install and useSimple to install and use True plug-and-play operation - No HubsTrue plug-and-play operation - No Hubs

SecureSecure Home phone wiring not shared with neighboring residencesHome phone wiring not shared with neighboring residences

InexpensiveInexpensive Less than $50/connectionLess than $50/connection

Bandwidth ComparisonsBandwidth Comparisons

33.6K Modem33.6K Modem56K Modem56K Modem

1Mb LAN1Mb LAN

10Mb LAN10Mb LAN

33.6K33.6K56K56K

0.6Mb0.6Mb

6Mb6Mb

4m10s4m10s2m30s2m30s

13.3s13.3s

1.3s1.3s

Data rateData ratebits per bits per secondsecond

1 Mbyte1 MbyteTransfer Transfer

TimeTime

1-shared print/scan1-shared print/scan

2-shared Internet access2-shared Internet access

3-shared files/folders3-shared files/folders

4-gaming4-gaming

5-backup5-backup

6-Internet telephony6-Internet telephony

1

2

3

4

5

6

77 - streaming audio7 - streaming audio

Latency requirementsLatency requirements

Less stringentLess stringent StringentStringent

1Mb is sufficient for many home 1Mb is sufficient for many home LAN applicationsLAN applications

High-Speed NetworkingHigh-Speed Networking

Corporate requires high bandwidthCorporate requires high bandwidth Many many computers on one network (tens to hundreds)Many many computers on one network (tens to hundreds) Large file transfers are the normLarge file transfers are the norm Significant usageSignificant usage

Home networks can start now with lower Home networks can start now with lower bandwidth solutionsbandwidth solutions Maximum of 25 computers on one network Maximum of 25 computers on one network

(1.0 specification)(1.0 specification) Typically 2/3 computers on one networkTypically 2/3 computers on one network Primary application of peripheral sharing, Internet sharing Primary application of peripheral sharing, Internet sharing

and occasional file transferand occasional file transfer

Wireless LAN initially at about 1/2MbpsWireless LAN initially at about 1/2Mbps

POTSPOTS Up DSLUp DSL Downstream DSLDownstream DSL ffHomePNAHomePNA

4kH

z4k

Hz

30kH

z30

kHz

1.1M

Hz

1.1M

Hz

5.5M

Hz

5.5M

Hz

9.5M

Hz

9.5M

Hz

G.992.2G.992.2 Full rateFull rate

HomePNA Spectral HomePNA Spectral CompatibilityCompatibility

PhysicalPhysical

Data linkData link

NetworkNetwork

TransportTransport

SessionSession

ApplicationApplication

PresentationPresentationLogical Link ControlLogical Link Control(LLC)(LLC)

Media Access Media Access Control (MAC)Control (MAC)

Home PNA PHYHome PNA PHY(1.0 PHY)(1.0 PHY)

Higher LayersHigher Layers

Wire PairWire Pair

Logical Link ControlLogical Link Control(LLC)(LLC)



Higher LayersHigher Layers

WiringWiringnetworknetwork

Relationship To Relationship To ISO-OSI ModelISO-OSI Model

Preamble (7)Preamble (7) DelimiterDelimiter (1)(1) Ethernet PacketEthernet Packet

64 bits at 1.3MHz TxCLK (49us)64 bits at 1.3MHz TxCLK (49us)

Preamble (7)Preamble (7) DelimiterDelimiter (1)(1) Ethernet PacketEthernet Packet

64 bits at 1.3MHz TxCLK with stretched clocks (114us)64 bits at 1.3MHz TxCLK with stretched clocks (114us)

Ethernet PacketEthernet PacketSyncSync Robust multiple access negotiationRobust multiple access negotiation

Physical operation at PHY (114us)Physical operation at PHY (114us)



HPNA 1.0 = Ethernet HPNA 1.0 = Ethernet PacketsPackets

PHY handles all phone PHY handles all phone line-specific interfacesline-specific interfaces

MAC and above remains unchangedMAC and above remains unchanged

No DSP or host CPU processing No DSP or host CPU processing overhead for PHY layeroverhead for PHY layer

HomePNA 1.0 Cost HomePNA 1.0 Cost ImplicationsImplications Data transferred on simple pulsesData transferred on simple pulses

Inefficient use of bandwidthInefficient use of bandwidth 1Mbit out of 4 MHz of bandwidth1Mbit out of 4 MHz of bandwidth

Very low costVery low cost No codecNo codec No DSPNo DSP

Low cost enables network participation Low cost enables network participation of non-computing devices of non-computing devices 1Mbit and 10 Mbit will coexist1Mbit and 10 Mbit will coexist

Deploying HomePNA 1.0Deploying HomePNA 1.0

PC OEMPC OEM North American consumer PC modelsNorth American consumer PC models

PCI option card added by PC OEMPCI option card added by PC OEM Configure-to-order (CTO) Configure-to-order (CTO)

at point of purchaseat point of purchase Catalog sales for NICsCatalog sales for NICs

RetailRetail HomePNA Network Interface CardsHomePNA Network Interface Cards

PCIPCI USBUSB

LANLAN

Alternative #1Alternative #1

North BridgeNorth BridgeMem, PCI, AGPMem, PCI, AGP

ModemModem

PCIPCI LANLAN

ModemModem++

audioaudio

AC-LinkAC-Link


ChipsetChipsetMem, PCI, AGP, Mem, PCI, AGP, LPC, USB, IDE, LPC, USB, IDE, PCI, AMRPCI, AMR

PCIPCI

AudioAudio

PC System ArchitecturePC System Architecture

LANLAN



ModemModem

LANLAN

ModemModem++

audioaudio


ChipsetChipsetMem, PCI, AGP, Mem, PCI, AGP, LPC, USB, IDE, LPC, USB, IDE, PCI, AMRPCI, AMR

AudioAudio

PC System Architecture PC System Architecture IssuesIssues

MultipleMultiplePCI loadsPCI loads

MultipleMultipleRJ-11 jacksRJ-11 jacks

MultipleMultipleRJ-11 jacksRJ-11 jacks

Single add-in card, single RJ-11 jackSingle add-in card, single RJ-11 jack

PC OEM RequirementsPC OEM Requirements

Cost-effective solutionCost-effective solution Present one RJ-11 jack to userPresent one RJ-11 jack to user Minimize PCI loadsMinimize PCI loads Allow easy homologationAllow easy homologation Provide clean system design Provide clean system design

(avoid cables)(avoid cables) Minimize support costsMinimize support costs

Integration of filters for modem functionIntegration of filters for modem function

Integrated ChipsetIntegrated Chipset

Meets all of PC OEM requirementsMeets all of PC OEM requirements CombinesCombines

V.90 modem (either software or host-controlled)V.90 modem (either software or host-controlled) Analog modem still required on all machines Analog modem still required on all machines

for FAX, multiplayer applications and for FAX, multiplayer applications and corporate RAS applicationscorporate RAS applications

Incremental cost of modem in combo Incremental cost of modem in combo solution reasonable solution reasonable

HomePNA 1.0, 10/100 EthernetHomePNA 1.0, 10/100 Ethernet Multi-function PCI DMA engine services both Multi-function PCI DMA engine services both

functions concurrentlyfunctions concurrently Single board integrates necessary filtersSingle board integrates necessary filters Saves $$$ over non-combo solutionsSaves $$$ over non-combo solutions



ModemModem++

LANLANPCIPCI

AudioAudio

AC-LinkAC-Link


ChipsetChipsetMem, PCI, AGP, Mem, PCI, AGP, LPC, USB, IDE, LPC, USB, IDE, PCI,AMRPCI,AMR

PCIPCI

ModemModem++

LANLAN

AudioAudioAudio+Audio+modemmodem

andandLANLAN

AC-LinkAC-Link



USBUSB

PC System OptionsPC System Options

InternetInternetDSLAMDSLAM

RouterRouter VoiceVoice

Internet Connection Sharing PCInternet Connection Sharing PC Client PCClient PC

PhonePhone

PhonePhone

SplitterSplitter

SplitterSplitter

Home Phoneline WiringHome Phoneline Wiring

ADSL WiringADSL Wiring

PSTNPSTN

RJ11RJ11

RJ45RJ45V.90V.90HLANHLANDSLDSLAudioAudio

V.90V.90HLANHLANAudioAudio

DSL in near term is a separate DSL in near term is a separate circuit with a lower attach ratecircuit with a lower attach rate

ADSL As The Broadband Access ADSL As The Broadband Access PointPoint

RouterRouter Voice

V.90V.90HLANHLANG.LiteG.LiteAudioAudio

Long term a single RJ11 is the Long term a single RJ11 is the center of PC Comm’scenter of PC Comm’s

Justifies combination of Justifies combination of G.992.2, V.90 and HPNAG.992.2, V.90 and HPNA

InternetInternetDSLAMDSLAM

PSTNPSTNSplitterSplitter

RJ11RJ11

Internet Connection Sharing PCInternet Connection Sharing PC Client PCClient PCHome Phoneline WiringHome Phoneline Wiring

V.90V.90HLANHLANAudioAudio

PhonePhone

PhonePhone

G.992.2 As The Broadband Access G.992.2 As The Broadband Access PointPoint


G992.2G992.2ModemModem

++LANLAN

PCIPCI

AudioAudio

AC-LinkAC-Link PCIPCI

G992.2G992.2ModemModem

++LANLAN

AudioAudio

G.992.2 IntegrationG.992.2 Integration

Alternative #1Alternative #1 Alternative #2Alternative #2


HomePNA LAN (Private IP Network) 10.0.0.0HomePNA LAN (Private IP Network) 10.0.0.0

Home Network System DiagramHome Network System Diagram

HomeNet ClientHomeNet Client44 (10.0.0.5)(10.0.0.5)

InternetInternet

HomeNet “gateway”HomeNet “gateway”

PCPCPrivate network addressPrivate network address

(10.0.0.1)(10.0.0.1)++

Internet ConnectionInternet ConnectionISP assignedISP assigned

globally unique addressglobally unique address




Each clientEach client

Windows 95/Windows 98Windows 95/Windows 98

Auto-config (DHCP or Auto-Net)Auto-config (DHCP or Auto-Net)

Windows 95/98Windows 95/98NAT or ProxyNAT or ProxyDHCP or EquivalentDHCP or Equivalent

E.g., 206.168.145.1E.g., 206.168.145.1

Home Network System Home Network System Diagram With PCsDiagram With PCs

HomePNA LAN (Private IP Network) 10.0.0.0HomePNA LAN (Private IP Network) 10.0.0.0

HomeNet Set TopHomeNet Set TopClient 4Client 4

(10.0.0.5)(10.0.0.5)

Internet sharing deviceInternet sharing device

Internet Access and Distribution nodeInternet Access and Distribution nodePrivate network addressPrivate network address

(10.0.0.1)(10.0.0.1)++

Internet ConnectionInternet ConnectionISP assignedISP assigned

globally unique addressglobally unique address

Wireless ClientWireless Client11 (10.0.0.4)(10.0.0.4)

HomeNet Client PCHomeNet Client PC22 (10.0.0.3)(10.0.0.3)

HomeNet Client PCHomeNet Client PC11 (10.0.0.2)(10.0.0.2)

Each clientEach client

Auto-Auto-config (UPnP, DHCP or Auto-Net)config (UPnP, DHCP or Auto-Net)

Windows CE/Embedded RTOSWindows CE/Embedded RTOSNAT or ProxyNAT or ProxyDHCP or EquivalentDHCP or EquivalentUPnPUPnP

E.g., 206.168.145.1E.g., 206.168.145.1

POTS, 2 line POTS, DSL or cablePOTS, 2 line POTS, DSL or cable

Wireless RovingWireless RovingClient 2Client 2

(10.0.0.6)(10.0.0.6)

Internet Sharing - Enabling The Internet Sharing - Enabling The Digital Home For PC And AppliancesDigital Home For PC And Appliances

InternetInternet

SummarySummary A central point of Internet access is required with A central point of Internet access is required with

broadband Internet connectionsbroadband Internet connections Distributing that data must be done through a PC-based or Distributing that data must be done through a PC-based or

appliance-based Internet connection sharing deviceappliance-based Internet connection sharing device A central point is desired even with modem A central point is desired even with modem

only Internet connectiononly Internet connection Allows for multi-device access through one connectionAllows for multi-device access through one connection

Many broad-band access methods are availableMany broad-band access methods are available A genuine market for home networking exists A genuine market for home networking exists

in multi-PC homes for Internet distribution in multi-PC homes for Internet distribution and data sharingand data sharing

Open standards are in place for phone line-based Open standards are in place for phone line-based home networkinghome networking Success of networking relies on a single standard from the Success of networking relies on a single standard from the

outset - Any other successful medium must do the sameoutset - Any other successful medium must do the same Combining Internet access and home networking Combining Internet access and home networking

provides a low cost, user friendly solutionprovides a low cost, user friendly solution

integrated hardware design for broadband and home networking charlie raasch director technology...

Documents

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