integrated farming mix with casuarina to increase our land productivity and save our world from...
TRANSCRIPT
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Integrated Farming mix with Casuarina to increase our land
productivity and save our world from tsunami and earthquake
.By Suhardi
Fac of Forestry Gadjah Mada UniversityYogyakarta Indonesia.
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The objectives of the research
• 1. To utilize the unproductive area for food and wood production
• 2. To get the best inocula for Casuarina equisetifolia in nursery
• 3. To get the best trees for wind barrier from several area in Indonesia and reduce the tsunami effect.
• 4. To get best food crop after wind barrier• 5. To increase more possible income for
farmer
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Casuarina still survive after tsunami
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Coconut trees and casuarina are also survive after tsunami and save many people
from tsunami and lack of food
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Mosque and coconut trees and also casuarina are the last survivor
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All buildings made by people or human being are all destroyed but
not the trees
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Beginning site of rehabilitation
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The beginning site of rehabilitation to protect and increase the productivity
( eventhough some area are also found as mangrove site but Indonesia mostly dominated by sandy and open area)
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Why we have to utilize coast land
• Length of coast land about 81,000 km in Indonesia ( the longest beach in the world)
• In the case of Special Province of Yogyakarta is about 8,000 ha ( Sultan Ground and Paku Alaman Ground ) and the rest is belong to farmer/ private but not yet identified.
• Farmer in Yogyakarta has only < 0.2 ha/farmer ( needed to increase the area)
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Problems of ulization of coast land
• Very high content of salt and cause damage directly and indirectly to the crop and trees Less of organic matter
• All of the infrastructure will be destructed by salty of air, water and vapor
• Strong wind will increase evaporation and also transpiration of all crops and need a lot of water
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Casuarina equisetifolia sp for wind barier
• It has special nitrogen fixing microorganism of Frankia sp
• 12 % used for industries and the rest still for fire work
• The genus resistance to alkalis and high saline• Best for fire work and best quality• Medicinal plant from skin of stump can be used
for stomachache and dysentry while the leaves for headache
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After one year planting of Casuarina equisetifolia( setahun
setelh rehabilitasi)
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Agroforestry system mix with corn( campuran dengan jagung)
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SAMAS beach before and after rehabilitation
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After rehabilitation
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Casuarina equisetifolia after fruiting
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What crops could be planted under and after Casuarina equisetifolia ?
• Cassava could produce from 30 to 60 ton/ha/harvest ( ketela pohon )
• Artocarpus communis ( sukun)• Sweet potato ( ketela rambat)• Corn ( jagung)• Water melon ( semangka)• Peanut ( kacang tanah)• Pepper ( lombok )• Onion ( brambang )• etc
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Pepper , corn and Casuarina equisetifolia
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Pepper and corn with casuarina
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Result of mono and heteroculture for planting methodsof vegetables ( Idha Widhi Arsanti et al, agrosains vol 16 (3) )
Total income Cost Profit
Parikesit hetero
229,508,463 104,059,477 125,448,985
Parikesit mono
52,641,135 53,745,630 - 1,108,495
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Planting Solanum tuberosum
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Cattle production
• Cattle such as :– Cow ( sapi)– Sheep ( kambing)– Duck ( itik)
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For duck( peternakan bebek)
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Cow for their population ,meat , energy and fertilizer
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Fertilizer for sand dune /coast land
• A .90 ton/ha produce of cow dung and mulching 12 ton/ha – 8.62 ton/ha pepper
• B. 90 ton/ha with mulching 6 ton/ha produce – 2.74 ton/ha pepper
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Onion production
• No cow dung fertilizer – 1.69 ton/ha
• With 90 ton cow dung fertilizer produce– 7.53 ton/ha
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After two years of rehabilitation of Samas beach
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Recreation area after suceed rehabilitation and could protect or
reduce tsunami effect
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Under trees form floor as sleeping mat
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Mushroom emerge after 4 years rehabilitation
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Mushroom emerge after rehabilitation
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Frankia formation on the root system
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Frankia in the root of Casuarina Equisetifolia
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5 Years after rehabilitation
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5 Years after rehabilitation
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Problems of infrastructure of irrigation should consider the resistance to saline
condition
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This condition is ready for agroforestry system)
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They start planting Casuarina equisetifolia
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Another sample rehabilitation in Pandan Simo / shrimp company Indocor
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In the beginning of rehabilitation
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In the beginning of rehabilitation
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After three months of planting
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One year of rehabilitation after several planting were fail
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Become nice site for recreation
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After rehabilitation
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10 years after rehabilitation
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Ready for agroforestry or integrated farming and reduce tsunami effect