inshore trawl survey of the west coast of the south island and...
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New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report
2007/41 November 2007
ISSN 1175-1584 Inshore trawl survey of the west coast of the South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March–April 2007 (KAH0704) M. L. Stevenson
Inshore trawl survey of the west coast of the South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-April 2007 (KAH0704)
M. L. Stevenson
NIWA POBox 893
Nelson
New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2007/41 November 2007
Published by Ministry of Fisheries Wellington
2007
ISSN 1175-1584
© Ministry of Fisheries
2007
Citation: Stevenson, M.L. (2007).
Inshore trawl survey of the west coast of the South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-April 2007 (KAH0704).
New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2007141.64 p.
This series continues the informal New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Research Document series
which ceased at the end of 1999.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Stevenson, M.L. (2007). Inshore trawl survey of the west coast of the South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays. March-April 2007 (KAH0704). New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2007141. 64 p.
This report gives the results of the eighth in a series of inshore trawl surveys along the west coast of the South Island from Farewell Spit to the Haast River mouth and within Tasman and Golden Bays at depths from 20 to 400 m by RV Kaharoa.
The survey took place in March-April 2007. It used a two-phase design optimised for giant stargazer, red cod, red gumard, spiny dogfish, and tarakihi. Biomass estimates, catch distribution, and population length frequencies for the major species are described.
The biomass estimates and coefficient of variation (c.v.) for the target species were giant stargazer, 1603 t (12%); red gumard, 553 t (17%); red cod, 1638 t (19%); spiny dogfish, 6291 t (14%); and tarakihi, 1189 t (21 %). Target c.v.s were 20-25% for red cod and 20% for the other species.
Other commercial species with c.v.s less than 20% were barracouta, gemfish, sea perch, and arrow squid.
The estimates of total biomass for giant stargazer, red gumard, and spiny dogfish were higher than for the previous survey in 2005 and for giant stargazer were the highest for any survey in the series.
A total of 112 school shark, 31 rig, 56 rough skate, and 7 smooth skate were tagged during the survey. In addition, 773 tarakihi were tagged during two days at the end of the survey which were reserved for tagging juvenile tarakihi in Tasman Bay to clarify stock affiliations.
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1. INTRODUCTION
This report presents results from the eighth in a time series of stratified random trawl surveys using RV Kaharoa in waters between 20 and 400 m deep off the west coast of the South Island, and within Tasman and Golden Bays. The survey was optimised for giant stargazer (Kathetostoma spp.), red cod (Pseudophycis bachus), red gumard (Chelidonichthys kumu), spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias), and tarakihi (Nemadactylus macropterus). The results of earlier surveys in this series were reported by Drummond & Stevenson (1995a, 1995b, 1996) and Stevenson (1998, 2002, 2004). The series was reviewed by Stevenson & Hanchet (2000) and species to be included in future reports were reviewed by Stevenson and Hanchet (2007)
The principal objective of the surveys is to develop a time series of relative abundance indices for giant stargazer, red cod, red gumard, spiny dogfish, and tarakihi for the inshore waters of the west coast of the South Island and within Tasman and Golden Bays. Changes in the relative abundance and length frequency distributions over time should reflect changes in the abundance and size distributions of the underlying fish populations. A standardised index of relative abundance estimates for key inshore species will therefore provide the basis for stock assessment and management strategies. This is particularly important for giant stargazer (STA 7) and rig (SPO 7) which are currently in the Adaptive Management Programme (AMP) (Ministry of Fisheries 2007).
This report details the survey design and methods, and provides relevant stock assessment data for commercially important Individual Transferable Quota (ITQ) and non-ITQ species.
1.1 Programme objective
To determine the relative abundance and distribution of inshore finfish species off the west coast of the South Island, and Tasman Bay and Golden Bay; focusing on red cod (Pseudophycis bachus), red gumard (Chelidonichthys kumu), stargazer (Kathetostoma giganteum), tarakihi (Nemadactylus macropterus), and spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias).
Specific objectives (2007)
2. To determine the relative abundance and distribution of red cod, red gumard, spiny dogfish, giant stargazer, and tarakihi off the west coast of the South Island from Farewell Spit to the Haast River mouth, and within Tasman Bay and Golden Bay by carrying out a trawl survey. The target coefficients of variation (c.v.s) of the biomass estimates for these species are as follows: red cod (20-25%), red gumard (20%), giant stargazer (20%), tarakihi (20%) and spiny dogfish (20%).
3. To collect the data and determine the length frequency, length-weight relationship and reproductive condition of red cod, red gumard, giant stargazer, tarakihi, and spiny dogfish.
4. To collect otoliths from red cod, red gumard, giant stargazer, and tarakihi, and spines from spiny dogfish.
5. To collect the data to determine the length frequencies and catch weight of all other Quota Management System (QMS) species.
6. To tag live skate, school shark, and rig.
7. To determine stock affiliation of pre-recruit tarakihi in Tasman/Golden Bay nursery area using mark recapture.
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8. To identify benthic macro-invertebrates collected during the trawl survey.
9. To review data collected by the WCSI series to determine for which species relative abundance trends and size composition information should be provided in each survey report.
1.3 Timetable and personnel
RV Kaharoa departed Wellington on 22 March 2007 and trawling started on 23 March. Kaharoa berthed in Westport on 4 April to unload fish, pick up supplies, and change science staff. Trawling finished on 12 April and Kaharoa returned to Nelson to pick up supplies for the tarakihi tagging and change science staff. Additional MFish staff joined the vessel on 15 and 16 April to assist with the tagging work. Tagging commenced on 15 April and concluded on 16 April. The vessel returned to Nelson on 17 April where science staff disembarked. Kaharoa remained in Nelson for maintenance
Michael Stevenson was project and voyage leader and was responsible for final database editing. The skipper was Michael Baker.
2. METHODS
2.1 Survey area and design
The survey area (Figures 1 a and b) covered depths of 20-200 m off the west coast of the South Island from Cape Farewell to Karamea; 25-400 m from Karamea to the Haast River mouth; and within Tasman and Golden Bays inside a line drawn between Farewell Spit and Stephens Island. The maximum depth on the west coast north of Karamea was limited to 200 m because of historically low catch rates in the 200-400 m range.
The survey area of 25 594 km2, including untrawlable ground, was divided into 16 strata by area and
depth (Table 1, Figures 1a and b). Strata were identical to those used in previous surveys. The trawlable ground within the survey area represented 84% ofthe total survey area.
Phase 1 station allocation was optimised to achieve the target c.v.s using the R program allocate. Stratum area and catch rate data from previous Kaharoa trawl surveys were used to simulate optimal allocation and simulations were run for each target species separately. Results indicated that 68 stations and a two-phase design (after Francis 1984) were required to achieve the predicted c.v.s with about 80% of stations allocated to phase 1. Results also showed that gumard and red cod required the most effort to achieve the target predicted c.v.s, with 55 and 59 stations required, respectively. The proposed phase 1 survey design of 68 stations was based on the maximum number of stations required for each species in each stratum.
Before the survey began, sufficient trawl stations to cover both first and second phase stations were randomly generated for each stratum by the computer programme 'Rand_stn v2.1' (Vignaux 1994). The stations were required to be a minimum of 5.6 km (3 n. miles) apart. Non-trawlable ground was identified before the voyage from data collected during previous trawl surveys in the area and excluded from the station allocation program. The distribution of non-trawl able ground is given in Table 1 and shown in Figures 1a and lb.
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2.2 Vessel, gear, and trawling procedure
RV Kaharoa is a 28 m stem trawler with a beam of 8.2 m, displacement of 302 t, engine power of 522 kW, capable of trawling to depths of 500 ill. The two-panel trawl net used during the survey was designed and constructed in 1991 specifically for South Island inshore trawl surveys and is based on an 'Alfredo' design. The net was fitted with a 60 mm (inside measurement) knotless codend. Details of the net design were given by Drummond & Stevenson (1995a).
Gear specifications were the same as for previous surveys (Drummond & Stevenson 1996). Doorspread and headline height measurements were recorded from Scanmar monitoring equipment and an average taken of five readings at 10-15 min intervals during each tow. When no direct readout was possible, doorspread value was calculated as being equal to the mean of the doorspread from stations within the same stratum depth range for which direct readings were available.
A Seabird conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) sensor was used to record sea temperatures, conductivity, and water pressure. A Mac Marine Bottom Contact Sensor (BCS) was mounted at the centre of the groundrope and used to determine net contact with the sea floor. If the graphic output (see Stevenson & Hanchet (2006) for examples) showed the net had not maintained good bottom contact, it was reviewed and a determination made on the suitability of the tow for inclusion in estimating biomass.
Procedures followed those recommended by Stevenson & Hanchet (1999). All tows were undertaken in daylight, and four to six tows a day were planned. For each tow the vessel steamed to the station position and, if necessary, the bottom was checked with the depth sounder. Once the station was considered trawlable, the gear was set away so that the midpoint of the tow would coincide as nearly as possible with the station position. The direction of the tow was influenced by a combination of factors including weather conditions, tides, bottom contours, and the location of the next tow but was usually in the direction of the next tow.
If the station was found to be in an area of foul or the depth was out of the stratum range, an area within 5 km of the station was searched for a replacement. If the search was unsuccessful, the station was abandoned and the next alternative from the random station list was chosen. Standard tows were of 1 h duration at a speed over the ground of 3 kn and the distance covered was measured by GPS. The tow was deemed to have started when the net monitor indicated the net was on the bottom, and was completed when hauling began.
A warp length of 200 m was used for all tows at less than 70 m depth (10-2.8). At greater depths, the warp to depth ratio decreased linearly to about 2.4: 1 at 400 ill.
2.3 Water temperatures
The surface and bottom temperatures at each station were recorded by the CTD unit. Surface temperatures were taken at a depth of 5 m and bottom temperatures when the net settled on the bottom. Bottom temperatures were taken at about 5 m above the sea floor because the CTD rests on the net just behind the headline.
2.4 Elasmobranch tagging
As soon as the net was brought on board, lively ng (Mustelus lenticulatus), school shark (Galeorhinus galeus), and rough (Dipturus nasutus) and smooth (D. innominatus) skate were separated from the catch and tagged with a single Hallprint dart tag. Sharks were tagged in the dorsal
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muscle at the rear of the dorsal fin and skates were tagged near the centre of the left wing. Length, weight, and sex were recorded for each tagged fish and the fish immediately returned to the water.
2.5 Catch and biological sampling
The catch from each tow was sorted into species on deck and weighed on 100 kg electronic motioncompensating Seaway scales to the nearest 0.1 kg. Finfish, squid, and crustaceans (scampi) were classified by species: crabs, shellfish, and other invertebrate species not readily identified were frozen for later identification because of difficulty in identifying individual species and the limited sorting time available between tows. Unidentified specimens were placed in sealed plastic bags with a label noting the trip code and station number.
Length, to the nearest whole centimetre below the actual length, and sex (where possible) were recorded for all ITQ species, either for the whole catch or a randomly selected subsample of up to 200 fish per tow.
Individual fish weights were collected for the target species, rig, rough skate, smooth skate, and school shark and reproductive state for the target species. Individual fish weights were measured to enable length-weight relationships to be determined for scaling length frequency data and calculation of biomass for length intervals. Samples were selected non-randomly from the random length frequency sample to ensure a wide range was obtained for each species. Up to five otolith pairs per sex per centimetre size class were collected from length frequency samples for giant stargazer, red cod, red gurnard, spiny dogfish, and tarakihi. Similarly, up to five second dorsal spines per sex per centimetre size class were collected from spiny dogfish.
2.6 Data analysis
Relative biomass estimates and scaled length-frequency distributions were estimated by the area-swept method (Francis 1981, 1989) using the TrawlSurvey Analysis Program (Vignaux 1994). All data were entered into the Ministry of Fisheries trawl database.
The following assumptions were made for estimating biomass with the TrawlSurvey Analysis Programme.
1. The area swept during each tow equalled the distance between the doors multiplied by the distance towed.
2. Vulnerability was 1.0. This assumes that all fish in the area swept were caught and there was no escapement.
3. Vertical availability was 1.0. This assumes that all fish in the water column were below the headline height and available to the net.
4. Areal availability was 1.0. This assumes that the fishstock being sampled was entirely within the survey area at the time of the survey.
5. Within the survey area, fish were evenly distributed over both trawl able and non-trawl able ground.
Although these assumptions are unlikely to be correct, their adoption provides the basis for a time series of relative biomass estimates (Stevenson & Hanchet 1999). All assumptions listed are consistent with those used for previous surveys in the series.
All stations where the gear performance code was 1 or 2 (all 69 stations) were used for biomass estimation. The c.v. associated with estimates of biomass was calculated by the method of Vignaux (1994).
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Length frequencies were scaled by the percentage of catch sampled, area swept, and stratum area. The geometric mean functional relationship was used to calculate the length-weight coefficients for species where sufficient length-weight data were collected on this survey. For other species, coefficients were chosen from the trawl database and a selection was made on the basis of whether coefficients were available from previous surveys in the series or on the best match between the size range of the fish used to calculate the coefficients and the sample size range from this survey (Appendix 1).
Sex ratios were calculated using scaled population numbers and are expressed as the ratio of males to females.
2.7 Tarakihi tagging
At the end of the standard survey, the vessel returned to Tasman Bay where the greatest number of small tarakihi were caught during the regular survey (station 19). The CTD and BCS were not deployed for this portion of the project. Tow duration was reduced to 10 minutes and at the end of the tow the codend was immediately lowered into an aerated tank to minimise the time fish spent out of the water. Usually, tagging began after the tarakihi were sorted from the rest of the catch and placed in a second aerated tank. However, for three large catches of tarakihi, tagging began immediately without sorting. Tagged fish were released before travelling to the next station.
3. RESULTS
Results are presented slightly differently in this report compared to those from previous surveys in accordance with a recent review to determine for which species relative abundance trends and size composition information should be provided in each survey report (Stevenson & Hanchet, 2007). Biomass estimates and c.v. s by stratum and catch rates by stratum are given for the 20 most abundant commercially important species. Trends in biomass and comparative length frequency distributions are presented for the target species and for those species for which it is thought the surveys could be monitoring adults and/or pre-recruit abundance. Length frequency distributions for other species are given for this survey only if the species is one of the 20 most abundant commercially important species. Catch rate figures are given only for the target species.
3.1 Survey area, design, and gear performance
Trawling began in Tasman and Golden Bays and after 4 days working continued on the west coast in a generally north to south direction. Two days were lost to bad weather, two days were lost because of equipment problems, and one day was used unloading fish.
Sixty-nine stations were successfully completed, 67 in phase 1 and 2 in phase 2. Station density ranged from one station per 102 km2 in stratum 17 to one station per 1078 km2 in stratum 2, with an average density of one station per 371 km2 (Table 1). At least three stations were completed in all 16 strata and all project and survey objectives were achieved. The survey area, with stratum boundaries and station positions, is shown in Figures 1 a and 1 b and individual station data are given in Appendix 2.
The two phase 2 stations in stratum 12 were allocated to reduce the tarakihi c.v. towards the target levels. Catch rates of the remaining target species were not used for allocation of phase 2 stations because the c.v.s for these species were within target levels.
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Tow and gear parameters by depth are shown in Table 2. Doorspread varied from 67.5 to 91.5 m and headline height varied between 4.1 and 5.7 m (Table 2, Appendix 2). Measurements of headline height and doorspread, together with BCS output and observations that the doors and trawl gear were polishing well, indicated that the gear was, in general, operating correctly. Gear parameters were similar to those of previous surveys, indicating consistency between surveys (Stevenson & Hanchet 2000).
3.2 Catch composition
A total of about 39.2 t of fish was caught from the 69 biomass tows at an average of 568 kg per tow (range 94.1-3558.2 kg). Amongst the chordate fish catch, 1 agnathan, 19 species of elasmobranchs, and 65 teleost species were recorded. Species codes, common names, scientific names, and catch weights of all species identified during the survey are given in Appendix 3.
The most abundant species by weight was spiny dogfish with 8.4 t caught (21.4% of the total catch). The top four species, spiny dogfish, barracouta, red cod, and two-saddle rattail made up 45% of the total. Giant stargazer, red cod, red gurnard, and tarakihi made up 6.2, 7.6, 2.3, and 4.4% of the catch, respectively. Arrow squid, barracouta, spiny dogfish, and scaly gurnard occurred in over 80% of the tows (see Appendix 3).
Eighty-two species of invertebrates were identified from retained specimens (Appendix 4). This compares to 40 species in 2005,45 species in 2003, and over 150 in 2000. However, the numbers of invertebrate species does not necessarily indicate the level of abundance or biodiversity in the survey area because the gear is not designed to collect benthic macroinvertebrates. In addition, station location strongly influences the incidence of some groups (e.g., bryozoans).
3.3 Catch rates and species distribution
Distribution by stratum and catch rates for the target species are shown in Figures 2a-2e (biomass tows only). Catch rates are given in kilograms per square kilometre. On average, a standard tow covers 0.44 km2
, therefore a catch rate of 100 kg.km-2, equates to a catch of 44 kg.
Mean catch rates for the 20 most abundant commercially important species by stratum are given in Table 3.
3.4 Biomass estimation
Relative biomass estimates for all ITQ species are given in Table 4. Spiny dogfish had the largest estimated biomass followed by barracouta, dark ghost shark, red cod, and giant stargazer. Biomass and c.v.s for the target species were: giant stargazer, 1603 t (12%); red gurnard, 553 t (17%); red cod, 1638 t (19%); spiny dogfish, 6291 t (14%); and tarakihi, 1189 t (21 %) (Table 4).
Biomass estimates of recruited fish for barracouta, blue warehou, giant stargazer, hoki, John dory, red cod, red gurnard, rig, sand flounder, school shark, silver warehou, and tarakihi are given in Table 5. For the target species, giant stargazer, red cod, red gurnard, and tarakihi, the percentages of total biomass that were recruited fish were 98%, 47%, 78%, and over 89% respectively.
Biomass estimates by year class (where discernible from the length frequency distributions) for barracouta, blue warehou, hake, hoki, jack mackerel, red cod, red gumard, school shark, silver warehou, and tarakihi are given in Table 6. For red cod, the 1 + cohort made up about 48% of the total
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biomass. For red gumard, the 2+ cohort made up 3% of the total biomass, and for tarakihi the 2+ cohort made up 11 % of the total (Table 6).
The relative biomass estimates and c.v.s for the 20 most abundant commercially important species are given by stratum in Table 7.
Survey time series trends in biomass for the target species and for those species where the surveys are likely to be monitoring adult and/or pre-recruit abundance are shown in Figure 3.
3.5 Water temperatures
Isotherms estimated from CTD surface and bottom temperature recordings are shown in Figures 4 and 5 respectively. Temperatures can not be directly compared to surveys before 2005 because earlier data were not taken from calibrated recordings. Both surface and bottom temperatures were generally lower than in 2005.
3.6 Length frequency and biological data
The numbers of length frequency and biological samples taken during the survey are given in Table S. Comparative scaled length frequency distributions for the target species and for the eight other species the surveys may be monitoring are shown in Figures 6a-m in alphabetical order by common name. Scaled length frequency distributions from this survey for other commercial species where more than 100 fish were measured are shown in Figure 7 in alphabetical order by common name.
Length-weight coefficients were determined for giant stargazer, red cod, red gumard, spiny dogfish, tarakihi, rig, rough skate, and school shark from data collected on this survey (Appendix 1).
Details of gonad stages for giant stargazer, red cod, red gumard, and tarakihi are given in Table 9.
3.7 Elasmobranch tagging
A total of 112 school shark was tagged (52 females and 60 males) ranging in length from 37 cm to 141 cm. In addition, 31 rig (10 females, 21 males), 56 rough skate (34 females, 22 males), and 7 smooth skate (4 females, 3 males) were tagged.
3.8 Tarakihi tagging
The juvenile tarakihi tagging was very successful with the use of two aerated holding tanks providing good survival. Locating a concentration of juveniles during the regular survey enabled maximum use of the time available. Most tarakihi did not require venting even when trawled from a depth of 50 m. A total of 773 tarakihi ranging from 10 to 34 cm fork length were tagged over two days at the end of the regular survey. This is at the upper end of the estimate (250-S00) of the number of fish that would be tagged. Two fish were known to not survive (one was eaten by a mollymawk on release) but most swam away vigorously.
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3.9 Target species
3.9.1 Giant stargazer
Giant stargazer were caught at 77% of all stations with the highest catch rates south of Cape Foulwind in depths of 100-200 m (strata 8, 12, and 15) (Figure 2a, Table 3). The total estimated biomass of 1630 t was the highest in the series. Ninety-two percent of the relative biomass estimate was south of Cape Foulwind, and 79% (1288 t) was within the 100-200 m depth range (Table 7). There were more fish less than 45 cm caught on this survey than in previous years (Figure 6d), but no clear year class modes were apparent in the length frequency distribution. The sex ratio (male:female) of 1.6:1 overall was the highest of the series (see Figure 6d). The low numbers oflarge females (over 70 cm) continues the pattern first noted in 2000. Virtually all females under 50 cm total length were immature or had resting gonads, but above this size, most had maturing gonads. Most males under 40 cm were immature or resting, and most males over 40 cm were maturing (Table 9).
3.9.2 Red cod
Red cod were caught at over 75% of all stations, with the highest catch rates in strata 7, 11, 14, and 16 (Figure 2b, Table 3). Over 80% of the total biomass was south of Cape Foulwind and 94% (1545 t) was from depths less than 200 m (Table 7). The length frequency data show a dominant 1+ cohort (24-38 cm) present at the time of the survey. Only a few fish in the 10-20 cm range were caught which would represent 0+ fish. However, this mode is slightly stronger than in 2003 and 2005 (Figure 6h). The sex ratio (male:female) of 1.1:1 was the most even of any of the surveys (see Figure 6h). Most red cod examined had immature or resting gonads, and a few fish were at later stages of reproductive development (Table 9).
3.9.3 Red gurnard
Red gurnard were caught at all stations in Tasman and Golden Bay and at all but one station in depths less than 100 m along the west coast (Figure 2c). The highest catch rates were in strata 7 and 19 (Table 3). The relative biomass estimate of 553 t was higher than the previous two surveys (Table 4, Figure 3). There was a substantial difference in the length frequency distributions between this survey and 2003 and 2005 with considerably higher numbers of pre-recruit fish caught in 2007 (Figure 6i). The recruited biomass estimate (30 cm or over) was 432 t (78% of the total) with 189 t occurring on the west coast (Table 5). Almost 99% of red gurnard biomass was at depths less than 100 m and no gurnard were caught deeper than 200 m (Table 7). The overall sex ratio (male:female) was 1.6: 1 which was the highest for any survey in the series (see Figure 6i). Most red gurnard over 30 cm had developing or mature gonads (Table 9).
3.9.4 Spiny dogfish
Spiny dogfish were caught at over 88% of all stations with the highest catch rates in strata 15, 11, and 12 (Table 3, Figure 2d). The relative biomass estimate of 6175 t was similar to that of 2005 (Table 4, Figure 3). There were considerably fewer fish less than 50 cm caught on this survey than from previous surveys where spiny dogfish were measured (Figure 61). Over 99% of the estimated biomass was at depths less than 200 m (Table 7). The sex ratio of (male:female) 0.87:1 was similar to the previous two surveys but lower than in 1997 and 2000 (see Figure 61).
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3.9.5 Tarakihi
Tarakihi were caught at 68% of stations with the highest catch rates in strata 12, and 15 (Table 3, Figure 2e). Almost 89% of the biomass estimate was recruited fish (25 cm and over) (Tables 4 and 5). The length frequency data exhibit a strong mode at 17-23 cm of2+ fish. There is a weak mode at 10-15 cm of 0+ fish and a few fish at 26-29 cm, probably 3+ fish (Figure 6m). These are the strongest pre-recruit modes since 1997. Of the total tarakihi biomass (1189 t), over 89% was on the west coast, and over 62% (744 t) of this was at depths between 100 to 200 m (Table 7). The sex ratio for the estimated population was 0.87:1 (see Figure 6m). There was little reproductive development in tarakihi under 30 cm FL, but for bigger fish the full range of gonad stages was recorded (Table 9).
3.9.6 Other species
Barracouta Barracouta were caught at over 84% of all stations and represented 8.4% of the total catch (Appendix 3). The highest catch rates were in strata 12 and 19 (Table 3). Over 92% of the total biomass estimate was recruited fish (50 cm and over) (Tables 4 and 5) and the length frequency distribution was similar to that in 2005 except for a mode at 5-15 cm which was stronger than for any previous survey (Figure 6a).
Blue warehou Blue warehou were caught at 33% of all biomass stations with the highest catch rates in stratum 15 (Table 3). Less than 55% of the total biomass was recruited fish (54 cm or over) (Tables 4 and 5). The length frequency distribution shows three pre-recruit modes at 10-23 cm, 23-30 cm, and 30-39 cm. The mode at 30-39 cm is the most evident this year class (2+) has been in any survey in the series (Figure 6b).
Gemfish Gemfish were caught at only 10 stations and in low numbers (Appendix 3, Table 8). The strong mode present in 2003 and 2005 is no longer apparent in the length frequency distribution (Figure 6c).
Jack mackerel (Trachurus declivis) Trachurus declivis was caught at 29 stations but in low numbers (Appendix 3, Table 8). The biomass estimate of 62 t was the lowest of any survey in the series (Table 4). The length frequency distribution is similar to those from 2003 and 2005, with few small fish and a weak adult mode (Figure 6e).
John dory John dory were caught at 21 biomass stations with the highest catch rates in stratum 19 (Table 3, Appendix 3). The biomass estimate of 171 t is lower than 2003 and 2005 but higher than for any other survey (Table 4). The length frequency distribution shows few small fish but good numbers of large females (Figure 6f).
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Ling Ling were caught at just over half of all stations with the highest catch rates in stratum 16 (Appendix 3, Table 3). Although the biomass estimate is lower than for 2005, the estimated population is higher because of greater numbers of fish less than 70 cm total length, especially males (Figure 6g).
Rig Rig were caught at just over half of the stations, with the highest catch rates in strata 7 and 8 (Appendix 3, Table 3). The estimated biomass of383 t is the highest in the series except for 1995, but the c.v. was the highest in the series (Table 4, Figure 3). The length frequency distribution shows good numbers of fish less than 100 cm total length but few fish over that size (Figure 6j).
School shark School shark were caught at about 74% of all biomass stations with the highest catch rates in strata 12 and 15 (Appendix 3, Table 3). The estimated biomass of 816 t was higher than in 2003 and 2005 but still lower than all earlier surveys (Table 4, Figure 3). The length frequency distribution shows a reasonably strong mode at 38--48 cm compared to previous surveys, but there were few fish caught greater than 110 cm (Figure 6k).
3.9.7 Invertebrates
The amount and diversity of invertebrates was greater than in 2003 and 2005 but less than in 2000 (Stevenson 2002, 2004, 2006). There were no rare or invasive species identified (Appendix 4).
4. DISCUSSION
Following the recommendations of a review of the previous seven surveys in the series (Stevenson & Hanchet, 2007), results in this report include information on species where it is thought the surveys may be monitoring adult or pre-recruit abundance.
The 2007 survey was the eighth the March-April Kaharoa time series for the west coast of the South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, the first of which was in 1992. Sixty-nine biomass stations and 17 tarakihi tagging tows were successfully completed. The mean catch per station of 567 kg is similar to that in 2005 (597 kg), but less than the first four surveys in the series.
The c.v.s associated with the biomass estimates for the target species were all lower than or very close to the target c.v.s. Other commercial species with c.v.s of 20% or less were arrow squid (9%), barracouta (14%), gemfish (19%), school shark (20%), and silver warehou (20%). As in all previous years, spiny dogfish was the species caught in the greatest quantity (8.4 t or 21.4% of the total catch), and had the highest biomass estimate.
The biomass estimate for giant stargazer was the highest in the series (Table 4, Figure 3). Although the large mode of adult females at 60-70 cm is again apparent, the low numbers of females greater than 70 cm and males greater than 60 cm total length is consistent with the previous three surveys.
The total biomass estimate for red gumard was higher than in 2005 and the abundance in Tasman and Golden Bays has recovered to the levels seen in the first four surveys (Table 4). The biomass estimate of pre-recruit red gumard was almost twice that of2005 and the highest since 2000.
The length frequency distribution for spiny dogfish shows very few fish under 50 cm. This is in contrast to all previous surveys on which spiny dogfish were measured where there is a strong mode
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in the length frequency distributions at 40-50 cm. It is not known if this IS a result of availability/catchability factors or indicates an actual absence of smaller fish.
The biomass estimate for tarakihi declined from the very high level of 2005 and is now similar to estimates from the 1990s. The mode at 15-23 cm is the strongest for this age class since the first survey in 1992 (Figure 6m). It is difficult to track year classes through the research survey series in recent years, partly because of the intermittent nature of the series and partly because of the merging of modes as the fish grow. To determine if the 2+ year class provides strong recruitment to the TAR 7 stock would require ageing of the commercial catch over the next 2-5 years.
The strong mode at 60-70 cm in the gemfish length frequency in 2005 is no longer apparent and the gemfish catch was well below that of the previous two surveys. For John dory, the biomass estimate was down only slightly from 2005 (Table 4). However, the current estimate is for fewer and larger fish and the strong modes of smaller fish (less than 35 cm) seen in 2000 and 2003 are again absent. There were few large ling, rig, or school shark caught compared to earlier surveys, but there were more smaller fish (Figures 6g, 6j, and 6k). The numbers of pre-recruit hake was similar to that in 2005 but the number of pre-recruit hoki was about one-third those of 2005 (Figure 7).
There was an increase in the number of pre-recruits caught for blue cod, giant stargazer, ling, red gumard, tarakihi, rig, school shark, and silver warehou compared to 2005. For rig, the numbers were the highest since 1995 and for school shark they were the highest for any survey. In contrast, few prerecruits were caught for John dory or jack mackerel (T declivis) compared to earlier surveys.
5. RECOMMENDATIONS
The MFish medium term-research plan calls for another survey in this series in 2009. The review of non-target species has shown the need for additional ageing studies for barracouta, blue warehou, hake, hoki, jack mackerel (both T declivis and T novaezelandiae), and silver warehou to determine if the sub-adult catch on these surveys is indicative of year-class strength.
6. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This report is in partial fulfilment of the reporting requirements for MFish project INT20060 1.
I thank the skipper of RV Kaharoa, M. Baker, and his crew for their active cooperation and enthusiastic assistance during the trawl survey. Other scientific staff were Michael Manning, Colin Sutton, Rob Merrilees, Warrick Lyon, Christopher Dick, and Derrick Parkinson. Their hard work and dedication were much appreciated. Thanks also to the NIW A invertebrate group for identification of invertebrate specimens. Michael Beentjes provided very useful comments as referee.
7. REFERENCES
Drummond, K.L.; Stevenson, M.L. (l995a). Inshore trawl survey of the west coast South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-April 1992 (KAH9204). New Zealand Fisheries Data Report No. 63. 58 p.
Drummond, K.L.; Stevenson, M.L. (1995b). Inshore trawl survey of the west coast South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-April 1994 (KAH9404). New Zealand Fisheries Data Report No. 64.55 p.
14
Drummond, K.L.; Stevenson, M.L. (1996). Inshore trawl survey of the west coast South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-April 1995 (KAH9504). New Zealand Fisheries Data Report No. 74.60 p.
Francis, R.LC.C. (1981). Stratified random trawl surveys of deep-water demersal stocks around New Zealand. Fisheries Research Division Occasional Publication No. 32.28 p.
Francis, R.LC.C. (1984). An adaptive strategy for stratified random trawl surveys. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 18: 59-71.
Francis, R.LC.C. (1989). A standard approach to biomass estimation from bottom trawl surveys. New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Research Document 89/3. 3 p. (Unpublished report held in NIW A library, Wellington.)
Ministry of Fisheries (2007). Report from the Fishery Assessment Plenary, May 2007: stock assessments and yield estimates. 1015 p. (Unpublished report held in NIW A library, Wellington. )
Stevenson, M.L. (1998). Inshore trawl survey of west coast South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-April 1997 (KAH9701). NIWA Technical Report 12.70 p.
Stevenson, M.L. (2002). Inshore trawl survey of west coast South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-April 2000 (KAH0004). NIWA Technical Report 115. 71 p.
Stevenson, M.L. (2004). Inshore trawl survey of the west coast South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-April 2003 (KAH0304). New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2004104. 69 p.
Stevenson, M.L.; Hanchet, S.M. (Comps.) (1999). Trawl survey design and data analysis procedures for inshore fisheries research. NIWA Technical Report 53.20 p.
Stevenson, M.L.; Hanchet, S.M. (2000). Review of the inshore trawl survey series of the west coast of the South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, 1992-97. NIWA Technical Report 82. 79 p.
Stevenson, M.L.; Hanchet, S.M. (2007). Review of the data collected by the west coast South Island inshore trawl series to determine for which species relative abundance trends and size comparison information should be provided in each survey report. Final Research Report for Ministry of Fisheries Research Project INT20060l, Objective 8. 54 p. (Unpublished report held in NIWA library, Wellington.)
Vignaux, M. (1994). Documentation of Trawlsurvey Analysis Program. MAP Fisheries Greta Point Internal Report No. 255. 44 p. (Unpublished report held in NIW A library, Wellington.)
15
Table 1: Stratum depth ranges, survey area, non-trawlable area, number of successful phase 1 and phase 2 biomass stations, and station density.
Non-trawlable Number of stations Station density
Stratum Depth (m) Area (km2) area (km2
) Phase 1 Phase 2 (km2 per station)
I 20-100 1 343 102 4 0 336 2 100-200 4302 300 6 0 717 5 25-100 1224 0 3 0 408 6 100-200 3233 238 3 0 1078 7 25-100 927 0 4 0 232 8 100-200 2354 214 4 0 589 9 200-400 I 877 1456 3 0 626
11 25-100 1438 63 9 0 160 12 100-200 2054 501 6 2 257 13 200-400 1 101 466 3 0 367 14 25-100 851 36 4 0 213 15 100-200 881 373 3 0 294 16 200-400 319 35 3 0 106 17 20-33 307 27 3 0 102 18 20~42 947 30 3 0 316 19 20-70 2436 193 6 0 406
Total (average) 25594 4034 67 2 (371 )
16
Table 2: Gear parameters for bimass stations by depth range (n, number of stations; s.d., standard deviation). Data for gear trials shown separately.
n Mean s.d. Range All stations 69
Headline height (m) 4.7 0.30 4.1-5 .7 Doorspread (m) 79.1 7.07 67.5-91.5 Distance (n. miles) 2.9 0.24 2.16-3 .38 Warp:depth ratio 3.7 1.53 2.35-8.89
Tasman/Golden Bays 20-70 m 12
Headline height (m) 5.0 0.55 4.2-5 .7 Doorspread (m) 72.4 2.46 67.5-75.6 Distance (n. miles) 3.0 0.13 2.82-3.38 Warp:depth ratio 5.7 1.85 3.41-8.89
West coast 20-400m 57
Headline height (m) 4.6 0.17 4.1-5 Doorspread (m) 80.6 6.91 67.6-91.5 Distance (n. miles) 2.9 0.26 2.16-3 .09 Warp:depth ratio 3.3 1.04 2.35-7.55
20-100 m 24 Headline height (m) 4.7 0.15 4.4-5 Doorspread (m) 73.6 3.36 67.6-84.3 Distance (n. miles) 3.0 0.16 2.25- 3.09 Warp:depth ratio 4.0 1.25 2.76-7 .55
100-200 m 24 Headline height (m) 4.6 0.19 4.1-4.8 Doorspread (m) 84.5 3.03 76.6-89.3 Distance (n. miles) 2.9 0.25 2.23-3.06 Warp:depth ratio 2.8 0.08 2.63-2 .93
200-400 m 9 Headline height (m) 4.6 0.05 4.5-4 .6 Doorspread (m) 88.8 2.95 85-91.5 Distance (n. miles) 2.7 0.40 2.16-3.07 Warp:depth ratio 2.6 0.15 2.35-2.8
17
Table 3: Mean catch rates (kg.km-2) with standard deviations (in parentheses) by stratum for the 20 most
abundant commercially important species in order of catch abundance. Species codes are given in Appendix 3.
Sj2ecies code Stratum SPD BAR GSH RCO STA NOS TAR SCH HOK GUR
303 177 45 57 18 27 1 19 + 4 (219) (135) (72) (63) (34) (30) (1) (36) (1) (9)
2 125 17 214 0 8 38 3 9 0 0 (105) (37) (189) (18) (29) (6) (12)
5 162 43 102 129 33 15 4 12 1 3 (192) (34) (153) (120) (45) (14) (5) (14) (1) (34)
6 270 69 136 + 3 100 23 2 0 1 (112) (51) (41) (+) (5) (15) (33) (4) (1)
7 420 69 238 275 35 64 4 18 13 4 (293) (79) (243) (255) (50) (75) (8) (14) (25) (21)
8 251 155 124 4 130 48 23 35 3 2 (169) (158) (213) (5) (43) (31) (22) (24) (6) (2)
9 0 0 3 0 0 22 0 28 0 0 (5) (33) (31)
11 550 137 25 276 68 71 34 23 0 7 (248) (91) (71) (325) (74) (79) (58) (23) (65)
12 517 282 13 82 410 79 200 136 291 1 (320) (204) (15) (80) (247) (64) (218) (153) (553) (1)
13 33 85 6 19 57 32 175 5 5 0 (36) (40) (5) (18) (49) (18) (153) (8) (9)
14 33 48 0 245 46 16 23 0 0 3 (36) (57) (488) (62) (14) (29) (27)
15 973 153 5 167 108 22 217 114 76 0 (1337) (226) (8) (60) (49) (15) (131) (171) (15)
16 12 73 286 268 68 26 138 6 254 0 (17) (127) (372) (313) (31) (9) (150) (10) (92)
17 7 12 0 16 3 19 4 18 0 3 (9) (13) (8) (4) (11) (5) (11) (122)
18 27 7 0 55 1 23 + 55 0 3 (19) (5) (53) (1) (17) (+) (61) (119)
19 204 203 0 26 10 42 53 41 0 6 (275) (171) (50) (10) (22) (128) (47) (86)
+ < 0.5 kg.km-2
18
Table 3-continued
SEecies code Stratum FRO SPO HAK WAR RSK LEA JMN LIN JDO SWA
11 27 66 10 9 19 0 17 1 3 (15) (44) (131) (19) (14) (38) (30) (2) (5)
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 (5) (2)
5 17 27 48 8 9 0 0 11 4 + (29) (35) (80) (12) (16) (11) (8) (+)
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + 14 6 (+) (17) (5)
7 3 44 85 4 46 0 1 8 0 25 (2) (31) (123) (7) (57) (1) (15) (29)
8 13 48 + 0 3 0 + 2 8 8 (21) (95) (1) (5) (+) (2) (9) (13)
9 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 10 (2) (2) (13)
11 + 19 47 79 23 0 3 7 0 10 (+) (27) (73) (121) (30) (6) (12) (9)
12 153 7 16 1 0 0 0 13 1 5 (217) (13) (23) (2) (17) (3) (5)
13 115 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 + (198) (38) (1)
14 + 7 31 6 28 0 0 6 0 17 (+) (11) (12) (50) (11) (17)
15 4 12 0 147 0 0 0 6 0 2 (6) (21) (254) (9) (3)
16 60 0 26 0 0 0 0 166 0 1 (81) (15) (170) (2)
17 0 12 1 21 0 33 24 19 9 + (17) (1) (7) (32) (33) (12) (4) (+)
18 0 14 0 4 9 17 35 0 14 10 (11 ) (4) (16) (16) (45) (2) (16)
19 0 36 1 + 48 82 69 1 31 10 (29) (1) (1) (41) (97) (130) (2) (28) (12)
+ < 0.5 kg.km-2
19
Table 4: Relative biomass estimates and c.v.s by trip from the entire survey area for ITQ species.
Species Arrow squid Barracouta Blue warehou Dark ghost shark Elephantfish Frostfish Gernfish Giant stargazer Hake Hoki Jack mackerel
Trachurus declivis T novaezelandiae
John dory Leatherj acket Lemon sole Ling New Zealand sole Northern spiny dogfish Red cod Redgumard Rig Rough skate Sand flounder School shark Sea perch Silver warehou Smooth skate Spiny dogfish Tarakihi
KAH9204 Biomass cv%
2960 18 2478 14
123 40 271 24
21 42 25 32
145 19 1 302 12
391 25 405 17
92 24 281 58 102 29 203 29
88 18 286 19
68 33 146 20
2719 13 573 16 288 14 173 27 100 31 933 22 242 22 292 38 339 19
3919 15 1409 14
KAH9404 Biomass cv%
1 199 9 5298 16
80 22 722 14 167 33 27 23 68 29
1 350 17 99 31
826 49
99 26 69 23 59 26
230 23 77 25
261 20 68 16
159 21 3 169 18
559 15 380 10 196 23 203 23
1 151 41 426 18
66 35 341 18
7145 7 1 394 13
KAH9504 Biomass cv%
3450 14 4480 13
115 29 767 24
85 35 89 31 21 55
1 551 16 5244 27 3616 21
106 20 57 29 27 36
153 34 126 21 367 16 39 30 86 28
3 123 15 584 19 490 10 251 22 132 28
1204 35 667 23
38 20 315 20
8370 10 1 389 10
KAH9701 Biomass cv%
966 13 2993 19
842 31 1 591 21
94 32 259 32 704 83
1450 15 1019 46 1 100 25
162 19 363 27
17 31 231 34
68 21 151 30 45 29
164 46 2546 23
471 13 308 18 185 30 106 28
1432 25 338 14 204 20 302 26
5275 13 1 087 12
20
KAH0004 Biomass cv%
523 11 1 787 11
272 37 2259 9
42 63 316 16 120 30
1 023 12 15 36
103 50
168 33 194 46 141 16 236 50
59 19 95 46 16 32
256 18 414 26 625 14 333 18 186 23 62 22
896 13 302 22
99 34 140 29
4777 12 964 19
KAH0304 Biomass cv%
2255 12 4485 20
191 66 544 15
48 34 494 22 137 23 834 15 55 47
233 22
87 21 126 49 288 19 254 18
2 44 150 33 21 57
III 27 906 24 270 20 144 22 43 34 10 33
655 18 76 25 69 27 91 79
4446 15 912 20
KAH0503 KAH0704 Biomass cv% Biomass cv%
889 9 1228 9 2763 13 2582 14
116 40 286 50 832 22 2215 21
59 33 28 53 423 45 529 39 474 49 101 19
1 458 19 1 630 12 1673 30 359 35
701 55 772 52
118 21 62 23 98 20 214 62
222 14 174 26 139 20 252 40 21 42 119 46
274 37 180 27 27 45 39 71
180 22 134 29 2610 18 1 638 19
442 17 553 17 153 19 383 33 58 30 256 23 62 25 67 47
774 14 816 20 150 20 163 19 72 28 165 20 80 30 55 44
6 175 12 6291 14 2050 12 1 189 21
Table 5: Recruited biomass estimates (t). Tasman and Total survey
Recruited Golden Ba,Z:s West coast area Species length (cm) Biomass c.v.% Biomass c.v.% Biomass c.v.%
Barracouta 50 430 36 1950 15 2380 14 Blue warehou 45 0 156 56 156 56 Giant stargazer 30 7 72 1586 13 1604 13 Hoki 65 0 45 64 45 64 John dory 25 91 31 83 42 174 26 Ling 65 55 110 33 111 33 Red cod 40 61 69 709 25 769 24 Red gumard 30 243 25 189 25 432 18 Rig 90 33 39 132 51 164 42 Sand flounder 25 27 43 1 100 28 41 School shark 90 7 72 179 25 186 24 Silver warehou 25 0 48 36 48 36 Tarakihi 25 8 100 1055 20 1055 20
Table 6: Biomass estimates (t) by year class estimated from length frequency distributions.
Year Length Species class range (cm) Biomass c.v.%
Barracouta 0+ <15 1 57 1+ 15- 29 46 36 2+ 29-39 8 31 3+ 39-53 154 35
Blue warehou 0+ < 23 12 25 1+ 23-30 12 37 2+ 30-39 71 78
Hake 0+ <18 2 47 1+ 18-31 17 56 2+ 31-45 307 38
Hoki 0+ 17-36 670 60 1+ 36-53 40 46
Jack mackerel (T. novaezelandiae) 1+ 14-25 113 77
Red cod 0+ <23 7 30 1+ 23-38 782 25
Redgumard 2+ 18-24 19 33 School shark 0+ < 42 28 62
1+ 42- 55 13 38 Silver warehou 1+ 15-23 116 23 Tarakihi 1+ 10-16 55
2+ 16-23 126 92 3+ 23-30 35 44
21
Table 7: Estimated biomass (t) (and c.v.%) by stratum for the 20 most abundant commercially important species in order of catch abundance. Species codes are given in Appendix 3.
SEecies code Stratum SPD BAR OSH RCO STA NOS TAR SCH HOK OUR
407 237 61 77 24 37 1 25 1 12 (36) (38) (79) (55) (93) (55) (52) (94) (100) (65)
2 539 73 919 0 35 165 11 40 0 0 (34) (88) (36) (89) (31) (100) (55)
5 184 49 116 146 37 17 4 14 1 39 (69) (46) (87) (54) (79) (55) (74) (64) (100) (64)
6 873 222 439 1 9 324 75 7 0 2 (24) (43) (18) (100) (96) (9) (81) (100) (100)
7 389 64 220 255 32 59 4 17 12 20 (35) (57) (51) (46) (72) (59) (91) (41) (100) (46)
8 592 364 291 10 307 113 55 82 7 4 (34) (51) (86) (54) (16) (32) (47) (34) (100) (60)
9 0 0 6 0 0 42 0 52 0 0 (100) (85) (64)
11 790 197 36 397 97 102 48 33 0 93 (15) (22) (95) (39) (37) (37) (58) (33) (35)
12 #### 578 26 169 843 162 411 279 598 1 (22) (26) (42) (34) (21) (29) (39) (40) (67) (100)
13 37 94 7 20 63 35 192 5 5 0 (63) (27) (52) (56) (49) (33) (51) (100) (100)
14 28 41 0 208 39 13 20 0 0 23 (55) (59) (100) (68) (45) (62) (94)
15 859 135 4 148 95 20 192 101 67 0 (79) (85) (100) (21) (26) (39) (35) (86) (11 )
16 4 23 91 85 22 8 44 2 81 0 (82) (100) (75) (68) (26) (20) (63) (100) (21)
17 2 4 0 5 1 6 1 5 0 38 (76) (59) (31) (64) (33) (79) (37) (39)
18 26 6 0 52 1 22 + 52 0 113 (40) (44) (55) (100) (43) (65) (64) (32)
19 498 494 0 64 25 103 129 101 0 209 (55) (34) (78) (40) (21) (99) (46) (35)
22
Table 7-continued
SEecies code Stratum FRO spa HAK WAR RSK LEA JMN LIN JDO SWA
15 37 88 13 12 26 0 22 2 4 (67) (81) (100) (97) (76) (100) (92) (81 ) (94)
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 5 (100) (64)
5 19 31 55 9 10 0 0 12 5 + (99) (74) (96) (85) (100) (58) (100) (100)
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + 46 19 (100) (67) (51)
7 2 41 79 4 43 0 1 7 0 24 (46) (35) (72) (90) (62) (100) (98) (58)
8 29 112 1 0 6 0 + 4 18 18 (82) (100) (100) (100) (100) (62) (57) (88)
9 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 2 0 19 (87) (100) (78)
11 0 27 67 113 33 0 5 10 0 14 (54) (49) (53) (51) (44) (67) (58) (32)
12 314 14 33 2 0 0 0 27 2 10 (50) (66) (50) (100) (46) (100) (39)
13 126 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 + (100) (l00) (100)
14 0 6 26 5 24 0 0 5 0 15 (100) (79) (100) (100) (89) (92) (47)
15 3 11 0 129 0 0 0 5 0 2 (100) (100) (100) (93) (86)
16 19 0 8 0 0 0 0 53 0 + (78) (34) (59) (l00)
17 0 4 0 6 0 10 7 6 3 + (82) (100) (19) (67) (56) (81) (37) (26) (52)
18 0 13 0 4 9 17 33 0 13 10 (49) (50) (100) (53) (76) (7) (87)
19 0 88 2 1 117 199 168 2 75 25 (33) (70) (100) (35) (48) (77) (86) (37) (49)
23
Table 8: Number of biological and length frequency records. Length fre9uenc~ data Biological data+
Species Measurement No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of otoliths No. of code method samples fish samples fish or spmes tagged fish
BAR 1 60 2998 BCO 2 10 183 BRI 2 7 15 cm 2 27 1869 ELE 1 7 13 EMA ESO 2 12 202 FRO 1 27 844 GSH G 37 1288 GUR 37 1 911 37 555 240 HAK 2 25 844 HAP 2 4 6 HOK 2 19 1696 JAV 2 2 168 JDO 2 21 78
JMD 29 112 JMM 8 14 JMN 15 648 KAH 1 3 LDO 2 LEA 2 12 1 199 LIN 2 35 319 LSK 5 2 3 LSO 2 33 711 MDO 2 NOS 4 67 2903 NSD 2 15 38 OPE 2 4 POS 2 1 RCO 2 52 3039 47 960 359 RSK 5 22 184 12 73 56 SCH 2 51 658 32 291 112 SCI B 1 SFL 2 7 529 SKI 2 10 29 SNA 6 16 SPD 2 61 3402 58 1968 322 SPE 2 37 1372 SPO 2 34 221 14 102 31 SSH 2 2 31 SSK 5 13 23 3 7 7 STA 2 53 1024 52 938 385 SWA 1 44 1475 TAR 47 1688 45 884 270 773 THR 2 2 2 2 2 TUR 2 WAR 23 640 YBF 2 1 1
Measurement methods: 1, fork length; 2, total length; 4, mantle length; 5, pelvic length; B, carapace length; G, total length excluding tail filament
+ Data include one or more of the following: fish length, fish weight, gonad stage, otoliths, spines
24
Table 9: Numbers of the four target species sampled at each reproductive stage (small fish of undetermined sex are not included).
Males Females Gonad stage Gonad stage
Total length (cm) 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5
Giant stargazer
11-20 17 2 3 4 5 9 0 0 0 0 21-30 56 0 0 0 0 41 0 0 0 0 31-40 67 19 2 0 0 47 2 1 0 0 41- 50 19 116 19 3 41 6 0 0 0 51-60 1 91 23 6 2 15 45 8 0 61-70 0 12 1 0 0 1 65 27 0 1 > 70 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0
Total 160 238 48 13 8 154 125 37 0 2 785
Red cod
11-20 13 0 0 0 0 47 0 0 0 0 21-30 157 6 0 0 0 85 2 0 0 0 31-40 82 33 4 0 0 105 4 0 0 0 41-50 2 37 20 12 0 40 11 0 0 51-60 0 14 7 6 0 30 48 11 3 7 > 60 0 0 1 0 4 18 0 0 3
Total 254 90 32 19 0 311 83 12 3 10 814
Red gurnard
21-30 50 26 2 0 0 58 2 0 0 0 31-40 23 133 19 9 42 33 15 2 3 41- 50 0 13 3 0 0 3 33 21 5
Total 73 172 24 9 103 68 36 3 8 497
Tarakihi
11-20 60 0 0 0 0 42 0 0 0 0 21-30 23 9 0 0 34 2 0 0 0 31-40 0 101 55 68 0 38 226 23 8 1 41- 50 0 7 7 5 2 78 6 7 3
Total 83 117 63 73 116 306 29 15 4 807
Gonad stages used were: 1, immature or resting; 2, maturing (oocytes visible in females, thickening gonad but no milt expressible in males); 3, mature (hyaline oocytes in females, milt expressible in males); 4, running ripe (eggs and milt free flowing) ; 5, spent (gonads flacid and bloodshot)
25
40 0 30' S
41 0
~ Foul ground
41 0 S
41 0 30'
I
1730 E
Farewell Spit
I 171 0 E
41" 15'
.9
6 17. .18
I
1730 30'
.8
19
Tasman Bay
.5
I 1720
/\ . Jt i
Stephens Island
Figure la: Survey area showing stratum boundaries and numbers (bold type) for Tasman and Golden Bays (top) and west coast north of Cape Foulwind (bottom) with station positions and numbers.
26
---r " .. -- -.. - ---- - ----. - .~/---
/
1690 E Cape
) Foulwind
----- ---- --------- - - - ------_._._ --_ .. _ - -
Figure Ib: Stratum boundaries and number (bold type) for the west coast south of Cape Foulwind with station positions and numbers.
27
---r------ --..... ----- ----,-1 --- --. -------
170° E 172°
Farewell Spit
• = zero catch (16)
o = 0.1-50 (27)
o = 50-100 (8)
41° S o = 100-200 (10)
0 >200 (8)
43°
Figure 2: Catch rates (kg.krn-2) for the target species in alphabetical order by common name (numbers in
parenthesis are the number of catches within the given range). a: Giant stargazer (maximum catch rate = 912 kg.km-2
)
28
I~
41° S
43°
I
170° E
• = zero catch (32) o = 0.1-10 (13)
o = 10-50 (9)
o =50-100 (6)
0>100 (9)
~,- _,J'! A-"-:-' ; .. ,. b'· /" (/ / // ,I. / ./ //
, \/\ (,~.),,!;);;,
~~aast
I
172°
Farewell Spit
/ ·/(~l~~'O 0 a'tA~ I • ;IF' ' • ..., )i\-' '7'f>" -I
/ If " ,"\ ,c J . I
• b(();"~.. ,:: /.P:;1 · ' ') '('0 '. ·(/;;.~~:"\/;;1 . ______ • -1-+-1) \~~:/ ... {,.! .' f~·;::'·\"f.~
I I !
I'
/ 0 . .// / (;
e()~! • ./.. J'//
/~-----r---t11c~'~e Foulwind /0 ! /)
() · Id) •• \ (/)/1
\' ! I /1 (j) 1<,//
"---!-! -----,0, j/ Greymouth Ij /
./
( ;
.. __ J'----_______ ~ ___ _ .~.-j
Figure 2c: Red gurnard (maximum catch rate = 221 kg.kIn-2)
30
--- - ------rl---- -------- - ' I,--- - - - - ----- -·
1700 E 1720
Farewell Spit
• = zero catch (8)
o =-0.1-100 (24)
o = 100-500 (23)
o = 500-1 000 (13)
0> 1000 (1)
1/
i ,~
'iii;»!")" "" "
. ~ . .-"
i;
Figure 2d: Spiny dogfish (maximum catch rate = 2510 kg.km-2)
31
Farewell Spit
• = zero catch (22)
o = 0.1-25 (24)
o = 25-200 (17)
o = 200-500 (5)
0>500 (1)
/ ) i. I /0
) 0 I
• •
\
/
Figure 2e: Tarakihi (maximum catch rate = 720 kg.km-2)
32
33
500
!400
300
200
100
o 1990 1992 1994 1996
John dory -~
1998 -2-0C-0-0 --2--'OO-2--2~04 _ 2~- • 2~081 -~---- ------------------------- -------
-......
1500 1
1400 300
1
'200
1
100
o 1990
~ 4000 en en ro 3000 E ~ ,2000 i
1992
Ling I
I
1994 1996 1998 20*0-0--2-0~0-2--2-0-0-4---2-0-06 --~~()~
------- ----------~-----~~--
Red cod
1000 I
01--
1990 1 9-'-9-2---1 9~9-4 --1 996---1-'99-8---2"00-0--~-2---'OO-2---2-0'0-4--;;O;'------;~08
1000
750
500
250
o 1990
1750
1
500
1250
I
---
1992
1 0 L __ ----,----
i 1990 1992
Figure 3-continued
1994
1994
Red gurnard
1996 --~~;--2-0'--00--2-0-'-O-2--_2-0_0_4 __ -;~;-=_-;~0~
-
Rig
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
Year
34
-..... ~ If) If)
ro E 0
CO
2500 !
2000 ~
1500 1
1000
School shark
500 I 0,--- ---~-----,----,-------,-----~------~~
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
12000 Spiny dogfish
8000
4000
0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
3000 Tarakihi
[2000
2006
2006
-----~----- - ---l
I
!1000
_~_9_9_0- __ 1-_;_92 ___ 1_9-'9~4~~~~~19~9~6~~~-1-9'-98 ~-2-0~~-~-~-2--2~~~--~~6 ~081 Year
Figure 3-continued
35
41° S
43°
16
° °o
16
Haast
I 170° E
18
17 __ 0
0/ /
,
I \
0/
i /
I
I 172°
} ;'
0\ Cape Foulwind )
r
/Greymouth /
///
Figure 4: Positions of CTD sea surface temperature recordings and isotherms estimated from the temperature recordings.
36
41 0 S
43 0
000
13
14 Haast
I
170 0 E
12
13
I
I
1720
: Cape Foulwind
o I Greymouth /
o 0/' -0 .. _-;-_j/
r'" 0 ,//
1;'/ • !. /
1/ /
. ----~- -~~~~~~~~~~~~--~~"'---~~~~~~-
Figure 5: Positions of CTD bottom temperature recordings and isotherms estimated from the temperature recordings.
37
J
1994
400
Males & Unsexed
U = 3 896 (16%)
M = 2 782 (19%) U = 1 119 (38%) 600 1
20: +-"Il1'L-..... _~I'~lllllJl~Jf>-Jo-.dI\:;.dj-\lillrm-.lJh,tm-.,rnn-~rrrlJ,illl\rM-"'"t-, ---.------.----,
600
400
200
1995 M = 1 561 (12%) U = 476 (20%)
O+---'I' ...... .,......--,-..AI.IJ...-...,wlJJ1JJJ,wu.cOW'W'.w..,--,----,-----,
600
en '0 400 c ro (/) 200 ::::l a § 0 £ (/)
'i=
'0 I-m
..Q
E ::::l Z
600
400
200
600
400
200
2000
2003
M = 896 (20%) U = 4296 (19%)
M = 840 (14%) U = 1 7451 (35%)
M = 3152 (22%) U = 735 (38%)
O+-~Bm~~~~~~~~,-_.--.-~
600
400
200
o
600
400
5
2005
2007
25 45 65
M = 916 (14%) U = 1 956 (40%)
M = 873 (14%) U = 1 201 (33%)
85 105
Females
F = 2627 (21%)
600 1 400
20:+--r __ ~~~~m~lli~D~cl¥,mIDThw~y~~~ili~lm~~~,--.--, F = 1 6546 (13%)
600 1 400
200
o +---.--,---,--'l.r!lIb.illJf'lP"""'-""""i"'f"'llm""_!'lllll-IDWi~i="o--"I'9'r=----.------r----'
F = 1 038 (24%)
600 1 400
200
O+-~~--~,ili~~IT~~~-=¥=~,,~D~,--~
F = 844 (16%)
600 1 400
200
o +--,-~o;---.-..o:oi!llilrn;/='"--,..-"d1lJ""IY"I'-"'"i""''"i''"'--r,---.-----,-----,
F = 1 692 153%)
600 1 400
200
0+--r~[~~~~\~~~£~~~·~=-~~=mmWi~7~--.--.~
F = 1023133%)
600 1 400
200
o +---,--,--_, "'""'illlrl;'=r>--r-'"""'""'1PI"'-JllWJl ID-"\\"WiGnrr-'==,,---,----,------,
F = 743 (13%)
600 1 400
200
O+---.---~_.~~~~~~, ~rr~~~.~~----r----,
5 25 45 65 85 105
Fork length (em) Figure 6: Comparative scaled length frequencies for the target species and those species where the surveys are monitoring adult or pre-recruit abundance. Estimated population in thousands and c.v.%. (M, males; F, females; U, unsexed)
a: Barracouta
38
Males & Unsexed Females
120 1992 M = 30 (48%)
'~ 1
F = 13 (56%) 90 U = 424 (36%)
60
30
0 , = ,
120 M = 25 (26%)
'[l 1
1994 U = 80 (27%) F = 23 (23%) 90
60
30
0
120 M = 16 (31%)
'~l F = 15 (45%)
90 1995 U = 185 (31%)
60
30
0 , D~'"f
120 M = 149 (33%)
'[l 1
F = 145 (28%) 1997 U = 151 (26%) en 90
"0 60 c
m (/) 30 :J 0
0 ito-y rft~ , ~ ..c
M = 57 (34%) (/) 120
'~ 1
F = 45 (39%) '+= 2000 U = 64 (38%) '+- 90 0 '-
60 Q) ..Q
E 30 :J Z 0 , ...£]i~'-d Dr
120 M = 48 (43%)
'1~ 1
F = 35 (59%) 2003 U = 153 (34%)
90
60
30
0 'T dlJ,
120 M = 17 (32%)
'~ 1
F = 21 (52%)
90 2005 U = 145 (23%)
60
30
0 , rCJ ,
120 M = 120 (48%)
'[l j F = 76 (53%)
90 2007 U = 141 (23%)
60
30
0 , 0 ,cO--Q-=, I'D
5 15 25 35 45 55 65 5 15 25 35 45 55 65
Fork length (em) Figure 6b: Blue warehou.
39
Males & Unsexed Females
30 1992 U = 157 (20%)
20
10
0
:! 1
1994 M= 16 (31%0
:! 1
F = 10 (41%)
I 0 [tl dJ b I 0 I cr-t-.cp--= I
:! 1
1995 M=6(70%)
:! 1
F = 1 (73%)
n I
(j)
:! 1
1997 M = 116 (83%)
:! 1
F = 47 (76%) "0 C ro en ::J
IJIClj~\D 0
0
2- D~~tfl~DDDII 0 II ..c I n 1:l,I:l
en I i ,
l+= -
:~ 1
2000 M = 31 (43%)
:~ 1
F = 48 (34%) 0 '-Q) .n E ::J Z
4~ orrum JJ I C! I
nyp n I
:! 1
2003 M = 74 (26%)
:! 1
F = 82 (24%) U = 2 (80%)
?~llik o .0(- f· 'h Q I A I 0,--- 0 f .
:! 1
2005 Males M = 117 (60%)
:~ 1
F = 89 (54%)
J~I[~n = Q 0 I I
.oJHmhn Q 9 = I
:! 1
2007 M = 18 (30%)
:~ 1
F = 9 (42%)
0 I Q ~ d.dh " 0 I I 0- 0 I I I
30 50 70 90 110 30 50 70 90 110
Fork length (em)
Figure 6c: Gemfish (100% offish from the west coast).
40
25 1992 20 15
10
Males & unsexed
M=160 (11%) U = 93 (32%)
5 O~~~~~~~Wll~Wll~~~~.--
25 1994 20
15
10
M = 257 (18%) U = <0.5 (100%)
5 O+-~~~~Wll~Wll~Wll~Wll~~.--
25 1995 20
15
10
5
M = 335 (21%) U = 2 (77%)
O+-__ ~~~Wll~Wll~Wll~~,-__ ,--
en 25 1997 "0 20
M = 329 (17%)
c co en ::::l o .c ;t::..
.c en
<;:::: -o '-Q) .0 E ::::l Z
15 10
5 O~~~Wll~Wll~Wll~~~~~~,--
25 2000 20
15
10
5
M = 289 (11%) U = 1 (100%)
O~~~Wll~Wll~Wll~~~~~ __ ,--
25 2003 20
15
10
5
M = 192 (20%) U = 7 (84%)
O~--~~~~~Wll~Wll~~.-__ ,--
25 2005 20
15
10
M = 329 (20%) U = 5 (57%)
5 O+---~~~~~Wll~Wll~~~~,--
25 2007 20
15
10
M = 482 (13%) U = 9 (30%)
5 O~AW~~~Wll~Wll~~~~~~,--
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Total length (em) Figure 6d: Giant stargazer.
41
Females
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Ii) Ll C co til :::J o 2-
Unsexed
1992
400 U=108 (100%)
300 200 100
500 1
O+--r--.--r-'--~-.--~~~r-'--.
1994 U = 167 (19%) 400 300 200 100
500 1
O+--r--~~-,r-~~--.-~--~-r-'--'
500 400 300 200 100
1995 U = 156 (17%)
O+--r--~~-'--~-.--~~~r-~-.
500 400 300 200 100
500
1997 U = 1 010 (33%)
2000 U = 1 395 (71%)
.c 400 til
'+= 300 '+-o 200 '-Q) ~
E :::J Z
100 0+---."'"
2003 400 300 200 100
U = 127 (22%)
500 1
o +--.--~-r--~_r--'-~~T~-r_'._~
U = 147 (23%)
500 1 400 2005
300 200 100
o +--.--~_.--r__r--~~T~_.--._,,_,
500 1 400 300 200 100 O+--.--.--.--r_-r--r,d&~~~-r--r--r~
2007 U = 93 (23%)
5 15 25 35 45 55
Fork length (em)
Figure 6e: Jack mackerel (Trachurus declivis). Fish were not sexed for some years so all years are
plotted as unsexed for better comparison.
42
..c: I/)
-.= '0 ..... Q) .0 E ::J Z
Males & unsexed
~!j+ __ 19~9_2~ __ ~,=~~ __ r-~~~tiMp=~2~:,~(2_9~%_)~
~:j+ __ 19~9_5~-='~~D~ __ ~~r-M~=_4_(~4_8~_a)r-~
2:0~~1+ __ 19~9_7~~~~~~-, __ M,-=_2~(~74_~~a ) __ ~ U = 1 (67%)
,0
~;0~+_2_0~0_0~-u~~~~~~~M~=~93~(_2~60~~_)~ ] cr{1~a ~ ~O~I
20
15
10
2003 M = 96 (26%) U = 2 (100%)
5
O+-~--~-'~~~~~~~~~r-~
~01 __ 20~0_5~ __ ~~~,w~~M~=~2~7~(3_4~%r)-. _ Q =, D P O~I 0 ~ ,
~;oi __ 20~0_7~~~~b-~~~Mu=~2~3u(3~8~~~O)r-~ _ ==p-. odb!l= n m --.,- I 9-CW i ,
10 20 30 40 50 60
Females
~;Ol+ __ ~~ __ ~~~-r~~~F~=~4ll3~(3~7~%~)~~ ~ P '=t= 1~9""' o ,
:;01 __ ~~ __ '-~LD~~~~F~=~6u9~(2~6u%+)~~ _ q '""t eo D , ~~ofhu 0,
10 20 30 40 50 60
Total length (em) Figure 6f: John dory.
43
..c en
<+= '0 '-Q)
..0 E ::l Z
15
10
5
o
1992
Males & Unsexed
M = 36 (30%) U = 135 (28%)
115:01+~~~~~~~~~~~M~=~84~(~16_~~0) 1994 U = 1 (69%)
"n II ~f0~[f)jD ~"nn ! mrlJJLuoiL ~ " - i" wlJflJIDm.I 'I' -- ~ -, i r iii i i
11:551+~1~9~95~~~~~-+-+~M~=_15+4_(~17_~~0) _ U = 9 (67%1
"'~~-I", ,,','
15
10
1997 M = 38 (25%) U = 8 (47%)
5
O~~~~~~~~~~~~.-~~
15
10
2007 M = 90 (26%) U = 1 (100%)
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Females
:; l+-~nJ"'"'"'I"'.ln!l.rf''l'l!..~lffilb,,";'r''"'oJ """"""""\"', ..... 0&1-', ...".....0'...,.., _"'''T-,=~4;-l.....,(2_7-.-% 1
:~ 1+----1~l"JJ1loJID"'Il'UillJJ~'\Uill~_ll1¥illill~ijllJlll~mLil.Dl.,4fllWru!Q"¥bjL ..... ".I\U'~ ."""1,r"0 -f','-=T-' '......,'_(2,.."_0);0--'
F = 178 (17%) 15
1
10
:. ,.J~.,q iii'
F = 70 (19%)
:~ +-1----jiJ1lllillJlO1l¥.JJllli4ynJJJ~~llI\ll~WJll~fIlll". '..!l\-diJ,Jl!llJ.ODo'''fl.-I' "'''-'I" 'II-"-%-f"f--t'---.,.,---.-, -,,----t-I
:i1+~~~~J~~'~I[M~iD~on~,m~dl'¥'OO~¥~D~I~'T,~_F~,=_4~2~(3_20.-'1 :~l+~~,~n~n~~~~~~~~~~~,o~&~P"~~~'~=~~~(2_90.-~) ::05i~~~~~~~~~~_F~=_9~1~(2_60.-~) -,.ll.IIijI .... I"4,.. ""
15
1
10
: , ,J~I.AMnfu~~ ~ ,
F = 82 (24%)
, ,',' i , , 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Total length (em) Figure 6g: Ling.
44
..c (/)
'+= '0 ..... <lJ
..0 E ::::l Z
500
400
300
200
100
1992
Males & un sexed
M = 2 759 (17%) U = 63 (66%)
O+-'-'-~~~~~~~~~~.-r-~
500 400
300
200
100
1994 M = 3108 (19%) U= 4(43%)
O+-.-,-,-~~~~~~~~~-.-.-.
500
400
300
200
100
1995 M = 2 963 (14%) U = 69 (59%)
O+-.-~~~~~~~~~~~-.-.-.
500
400
300
200
100
1997 M = 3 553 (21%) U = 42 (64%)
O+-,-,-~~~~~~W¥~~-.-.-.-.
500
400
300
200
100
2000
M = 937 (37%)
O+-'-'-'-4rwr~=r~-T-T~-'-'-'-'
500
400
300
200
100
2003 M = 860 (29%) U= 8(37%)
O+-.-.-~~~~WP~~=¥~-.-.-.-.
500
400
300
200
100
2005 M = 3 310 (25%) U = 4 (62%)
O+-.-.-,-,-~~~~~~~~-.-.-.
500
400
300
200
100
2007 M = 2 152 (22%) U = 13 (38%)
O+-.-,-~,-~~~~w¥~~-.-.-.~
o 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Females
F = 2353 (14%) 400
300
200
500 1
1 O~ +-.-----r---r-".4~P=i'I1ll,Ll.Ll.l,J_LlJn.LJ,lQillnDJ,Ll;Dillr~r=r:iJJ:liLl:b..¥.___,_ F = 1 857 (16%)
400
300
200
500 1
1 O~ +--r--r---T---r.......,uAWJ.J.J,llDll\hp1il;fII1UJ,wJ..J,LLLu,u.uIlJ;trw;mn;rm.y.=\W-U1~T--.' ---" F = 1 972 (14%)
400
300
200
500 I 1 O~ +----r---.---""i"'ifUX'T""r==."i..-4~~,Iill~J,LLlli,l.LLLrrn;\illHCbyrnrl;hnJJ;II:td;='r'"_, -r,---,
400 F = 2 745(25%)
300 500 I 200
1 O~ +---r----.--..p.t~.t.y-dJ/J[LJ..LL.Y.ilmJ.Y-l~·.wr~~~.,..T . .J..J,lJR=1Jni1;1'=' '0.,...., -,.,_
400 F = 588 (31%)
300
200
100
500 I O+-~r-~~,KwqIT~hv~Mr~='T~~'~F~'-"-"~
500
400
300
200
100
F = 658 (37%)
O+-~r-~~~~~~~=¥~-r~~
400 F = 2454 (23%) 300 500 I ~~~ +-~'---'r---r----'j",.J"",,· • .J,LU-L-',lJJ..L·~Y-L·tfh{unlll,w. LJ..ii;rrrn,.w.I..ljW'o"j""T"--r, ---r-, ~ 500
400
300
200
100
F = 1911 (23%)
O+-~~~~~~~~~~~-r---r-~
o 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Total length (em) I?igure 6h: Red cod
45
en "0 C III (/) :::J o ..c ~ ..c (/)
;;::
'0 L-
ID .0 E :::J Z
Males & unsexed
150 1992 M=2759(17%)
100 U = 63 (66%)
1994 M = 802 (17%) U = 4 (100%)
150 11995
100 ~
5: ~
M = 961 (23%)
150 1997
100
150 2000
100
50
150 2003
100
50
150 2005
100
50
M = 1008 (13%) U = 1 (62%)
M = 1 283 (15%) U = 1 (75%)
M = 306 (24%) U = 1 (75%)
M = 559 (19%)
O+--.--~~~~~~~~--.--.~
150 2007
100
10 20 30 40
M = 1 087 (19%) U= 4(71%)
50 60
Females
150 1 100
50 _~ o +---r-""""'Tl4.l...LLJ.0ll,W,w..wDjl..y..ub..u,.um...l..U.,J...l-lln~,6_, --.------,
F = 2 353 (14%)
150 1 100
50
o +----r-r=',--rrQI...u,w...u-r1l]ilTy...w...u,..ijIT.l..W...tQy..wCn-'-Y-1 ,cn.u.......,--, -,-----,
F = 628 (15%)
150 1 100
50
0~~~9-m~bruum~~··~~~~·==~, ~~
F = 543 (15%)
150
F = 797 (16%) 100
150 F = 956 (21%)
100
150 F = 259 (21%)
100
50
150 F = 583 (26%)
100
50
O+-~--r--r~~~~~~~--~-,
150 F = 692 (19%)
100
10 20 30 40 50 60
Fork length (em) Figure 6i: Red gurnard.
46
Males & Unsexed
8 j 1992
~ j "~JI'~~~ 0
8 1994
~ 1 ,J'I.~MII~k 0
8 1995
6
4
M = 103 (15%)
M = 158 (12%)
M = 187 (10%) U < 0.5 (100%)
2
O+-~~=F~=¥~~~r-~~~~
8 1997
00 6 -g 4
M = 102 (17%) U= 1(100%)
ClI ~ 2 o ~ 0
8 2005
6
4
M = 127 (21%)
M = 43 (20%)
M = 50 (21%) U = 1 (100%)
2
O~~~~~=¥~~~~~~~~
8
6
4
2007 M = 140 (31%)
2
O~~~~~~~~L-~~~~~
30 50 70 90 110 130 150
Females
8 F = 64 (21%)
~j ~.,~~+.. "0
~l O"",~I~WI~~.~Lo. F~M"(18%) F = 54 (20%)
~o 1 ~j~~~~~nill~1f~~~~~lli~~~~&~'@~~~i-4?~~r-~
8
6
4
i Q
F = 18 (36%)
no i
F = 17 (36%)
F = 45 (29%)
2
O~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
30 50 70 90 110 130 150
Total length (em) Figure 6j: Rig
47
en -a c CO en :l 0 .c :t::-.c en
;;:::: '+-0 I-Q) .0 E :l Z
15
10
5
0
15
10
5
0
:~ ] 15
10
5
0
:~ ]
1992
1994
Males & Unsexed
M = 145 (18%)
M = 168 (25%) U < 0.5 (100%)
1995 M = 248 (24%) t U 2(69%)
, .t, ~.WII'llIIo J I., "
1997 M = 171 (14%)
2000 M = 198 (14%)
11:
5
0 ],' 2003 M = 140 (14%) U = 4 (39%)
, "', 1,1* ~IW~\D>'~" '1- "I, 0, , ,
Total length (em)
Figure 6k: School shark
48
Females
F = 99 (21%)
F = 163 (21%)
F = 176 (18%)
F=117(16%)
Ii) lJ c: ro C/l :l o ~ ..c: C/l
'i= "-o ..... (\) .0 E :l Z
1992 Not measured
1994 Not measured
1995 Not measured
300 1997
2000
300 2003
200
300 2005
200
100
Males & unsexed
M = 2 696 (18%) U = 22 (85%)
M = 3 710 (15%) U = 1 (100%)
M = 2 432 (19%) U = 4 (50%)
M = 3 273 (21 %)
300
200
300
200
300
300
200
100
Females
F = 2 473 (17%)
F = 2 667 (20%)
F = 2 667 (20%)
F = 3 552 (18%)
o+--.--~mw~~wm~wm~~--'---r- O+-~ __ ~illill~~wm~wm~~~~ __ .-
300 300 2007
200
100
10 30 50
:ure 61: Spiny dogfish
M = 2 342 (16%) U= 3(67%)
70 90
200
10
Total length (em)
49
F =2 682 (20%)
30 50 70 90
en "0 C m I/) :::J o e ..c I/)
t;:::: '+-o .... ID ..c E :::J Z
400
300
200
100
1992
Males & unsexed
M = 672 (20%) U = 1 093 (84%)
O+----.------"'ii""""....,....L!...'i''''--"T""""''-'i'-LLLlr'-'-'-L.lyll''''-r-.------,
400
300
200
100
1994 M = 1 004 (26%) U= 135(31%)
o+-~~~~~¥il~~~~r-~~
400
300
200
1995 M = 744 (20%) U = 423 (35%)
100
0~~~~~P=~~~~W=r-~~
300
200
100
1997 M = 934 (26%) U = 305 (41%)
2000 M = 692 (36%)
400 I O~~_FI~~I=c~~~~~myrrq~~=T~~
400
300
200
2003 M = 583 (21%) U = 3 (60%)
100
O+----.--~-._~~~,=ll¥~~~~----,
400
300
200
100
2005 M = 762 (28%) U = 14 (78%)
O+----.--~-._-r~~~~LLLl~,-~~
400
300
200
2007 M = 1 043 (43%) U= 3(56%)
100
O+----.--~~~~W-F=~ll¥~~,-_.----,
o 10 20 30 40 50
Females
300 F = 2 353 (14%)
200
100
400 I O~~~~,~~~~~~~·~~~~~~I,~=,,____,
F = 1324 (21%) 300
200
400 I 100 Al Jl
o ~__r___r_.J...J...J,Jrflill...J...ll.J.U%,u.w.~.y==J:Y-Wc;ctO..u,w.~Ql~.l..J..J,l-tnp~1 I~
300 F = 1 055 (12%)
200
100
400 I O~~~I~~I~~~~~~~h~-~~-mww~~;h-~b~1 ~
400
300
200
100
F = 1183 (17%)
O+--r-,~T-~~~~~~LLLl~~-.
300
200
100
F = 1 131 (30%) 400 I O~~~I==~I~~~~~~-[~~-~~·~o-~r_~I ~
400
300
200
100
F = 546 (18%)
O+--r-.--.---~~~~~~~~_.----,
400
300
200
100
F = 1133 (14%)
O+--r-'-"T"""""---.--~~~~LLLl~~~----,
400
300
200
100
F = 1194 (37%)
O+--r-.--~~~~~ll¥~~~~----,
o 10 20 30 40 50
Fork length (em) Figure 6m: Tarakihi.
50
200
150
100
50
0
0
30
20
10
0
10
~ 150 ;;:::: -o '-2 100
E ::l Z
50
250
200
150
100
50
10
10
20
20
Males & unsexed Arrow squid
30
M = 1 100 (9%) 200
U= 677 (31%)
150
100
50
0
20 30 40 0 Mantle length (em)
Blue cod 30
M = 208 (91%) U = 2 (100%)
20
10
0
30 40 50 10
Total length (em)
Dark ghost shark
M = 1 040 (25%)
40 50 60 70 80 Chimera length (em)
Frostfish
M= 157(61%) U = 1 385 (43%)
150
100
50
10
250
200
150
100
50
Females
F = 1 126 (8%)
10 20 30 40 Mantle length (em)
F = 101 (80%)
20 30 40 50
Total length (em)
F = 1 261 (24%)
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Chimera length (em )
F = 277 (55%)
O+--.--.--.--.--.--flllL~~~lUfill--,IJIllilJ'f--r--r--,--,
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Fork length (em) Fork length (em)
Figure 7: Scaled length frequency distributions for the non-monitored commercial species where more than 100 fish were measured. Estimated population in thousands and c.v.%. M, male; F, female ; U, unsexed (shaded).
51
100
75
50
o 10
2000
1500
1000
500
en "0 0 c CO
0 (/) 20 ::J 0
2-
Males & unsexed Hake
20
40
30 40
M = 51 4 (37%) U = 440 (45%)
Tows = 26/69
50 60 Total length (em )
70
Hoki
60
M = 170 (50%) U = 11940 (64%)
80 100
Total length (em)
Females
100 F = 483 (37%)
75
50
o 10 20 30 40 50 60 Total length (em)
2000 F = 121 (28%)
1500
1000
500
o 20 40 60 80 100 Total length (em)
.!: (/)
Jack mackerel (Trachurus novaezelandiae ) '+= '+- 200 0 ....
CV ..0 E 150 ::J Z
100
50
0 0 10
300
200
100
20 30
M = 520 (80%) U = 237 (60%)
40
Fork length (em)
200
150
100
50
50
Leatherjacket
U = 1 713 (1%)
o +------,----.-.......... o 10 20 30
Total length (em)
Figure 7-continued
52
F = 501 (83%)
o 10 20 30 40 Fork length (em)
70
50
50
40
30
20
10 15
6
4
2
30 50
Males & unsexed Lemon sole
M = 136 (32%)
20 25 30 35 40 45 Total length (em)
70 90
Ling
M = 90 (26%) U = 1 (100%)
110 130 Total length (em)
50
40
30
20
6
4
2
Females
F = 398 (46%)
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Total length (em)
F = 82 (24%)
30 50 70 90 110 130 Total length (em)
New Zealand sole .!: (/)
'i= 15 -o ..... <ll
E 10 ~
Z
M = 56 (82%) U = 2 (100%)
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Total length (em)
15
10
5
Rough skate
6 M = 70 (29%) 6
4 4
2 2
10 20 30 40 50 60 Pelvic length (em)
Figure 7-continued
53
F = 82 (67%)
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Total length (em)
F = 79 (25%)
10 20 30 40 50 60 Pelvic length (em)
Males & unsexed Sand flounder Females
40 M = 218 (72%) 40
U= 1 (100%) F = 250 (37%)
30 30
20 20
10 10
0 0
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Total length (em) Total length (em)
Sea perch
en 100 M = 520 (17%) 100 "'0 U= 7 (49%)
F = 383 (22%) c ro 75 75 en :J 0
.!:: 50 50 ~
.!:: en
'+= 25 25 -0 '-Q)
0 0 .0 E 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 ::l Z Total length (em) Total length (em)
Silver warehou
500 M= 82 (34%) 500 U = 1 146 (25%) F = 59 (31%)
400 400
300 300
200 200 Tows = 44/69
100 100
0 0 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50
Fork length (em) Fork length (em)
Figure 7-continued
54
Appendix 1: Length-weight relationship parameters used to scale length frequencies and calculate length class biomass estimates. (DB, Ministry of Fisheries trawl database; -, no data;
n, sample size.)
Group A: W = a L" where W is weight (g) and L is length (cm);
LenBth ranBe ~cm~ Species a b n Min. Max. Data source
Barracouta 0.0055 2.9812 429 23.8 87.2 DB, KAH9701 Blue cod 0.0122 3.0746 2 137 12 47 DB, LHR9501 Blue warehou 0.0144 3.1050 338 27.4 69.6 DB, TAN9604 Dark ghost shark 0.0015 3.3611 332 21.2 67.9 DB, KAH9704 Frostfish 0.0004 3.1629 450 10.4 153 DB, KAHOO04 Gemfish 0.0017 3.3419 391 32 107 DB, KAH9304, KAH9602 Giant stargazer 0.0123 3.0910 769 1l.l 74.5 This survey Hake 0.0014 3.3770 333 33 123 DB, TAN9601 Hapuku 0.0078 3.1400 307 49 108 DB, TAN9301 Hoki 0.0046 2.8840 525 22 110 DB, SHI8301 Jack mackerel
(Trachurus declivis) 0.0165 2.9300 200 15 53 DB, COR9001 (T novaezelandiae) 0.0163 2.9230 200 15 40 DB, COR9001
John dory 0.0065 3.2499 352 18.4 54.3 DB, KAH9902 Leatherj acket 0.0088 3.2110 DB,IKA8003 Lemon sole 0.0080 3.1278 524 14.6 41.2 DB, KAH9809 Ling 0.0013 3.2801 179 32.2 123.7 DB, KAHOO04 New Zealand sole 0.0049 3.2151 114 20 48 DB, KAH0304 Northem spiny dogfish 0.0034 3.0781 207 43 90.3 DB, combined surveys Red cod 0.0103 2.9541 815 11 69.4 This survey Red gumard 0.0035 3.2893 500 17.1 50.8 This survey Rig 0.0033 3.0529 251 35 135 DB, KAH9701 Rough skate 0.0517 2.7556 153 16.7 63.2 DB, KAHOO04 Sand flounder 0.0207 2.8768 282 13.5 44.5 DB, KAH9809 School shark 0.0035 3.0731 226 37 141 This survey Sea perch 0.0262 2.9210 210 7 42 DB, KAH9618 Silver warehou 0.0048 3.3800 262 16.6 57.8 DB, TAN502 Smooth skate 0.0292 2.8978 70 23 134 DB, KAH9701 Spiny dogfish 0.0003 3.5895 1 899 29.3 97.4 This survey Tarakihi 0.0153 3.0380 818 10.9 49.2 This survey Two-saddle rattail 0.0010 3.43 383 24.6 58.3 DB, KAH0304
Group B: W= aL"Lc(lnL)
Range a b c n (cm) Data source
Arrow squid 0.2777 lA130 0.2605 2792 3--45 DB, James Cook, east coast South Island, 1982-83
55
Appendix 2: Summary of station data.
Station 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Stratum Date Time 18 25-Mar-07 1034 18 25-Mar-07 1417
Start of tow ° S ° E
41 04.21 173 12.37 41 07.42 173 27.40
18 25-Mar-07 1602 41 03.29 173 31.08 19 26-Mar-07 637 40 59.76 173 31.12 19 26-Mar-07 821 40 55 .85 173 28 .83 19 27-Mar-07 641 40 53.39 173 44.33 19 27-Mar-07 849 40 45.82 173 43 .39 19 27-Mar-07 1125 40 41.20 173 26.78
End of tow o 'S 0 , E
41 01.66 173 10.26 41 05 .31 173 30.l2 41 00.35 173 30.54 40 57.41 173 28 .65 40 53.35 173 30.85 40 50.42 173 44.48 40 43 .15 173 42.l8 40 41.26 173 22.32
19 27-Mar-07 1355 40 44.70 173 12.85 40 41.97 173 11.45 17 27-Mar-07 1637 40 37.40 172 59.69 40 37.25 172 55.80 17 28-Mar-07 640 40 39.85 172 47.24 40 42.59 172 48.59 17 28-Mar-07 844 40 42.97 172 51.90 40 44.90 172 54.90
28-Mar-07 1459 40 34.44 172 27.62 40 35.35 172 23.96 1 29-Mar-07 916 40 58 .69 172 00.09 41 01.37 171 58.35 1 29-Mar-07 1159 41 09.50 172 02.83 41 12.54 172 02.44 5 29-Mar-07 1401 41 15 .61 171 54.33 41 18.23 171 52.58 6 30-Mar-07 637 41 32.89 171 1l.23 41 30.l6 171 12.86 6 30-Mar-07 859 41 32.85 171 15.27 41 35.58 171 13.60 6 30-Mar-07 1127 41 37.94 171 05.80 41 40.48 171 03.91 8 30-Mar-07 1426 41 53 .25 170 53.67 41 56.20 170 54.33 8 30-Mar-07 1622 41 59 .31 170 57.76 42 0l.28 171 00.67 9 31-Mar-07 643 41 48 .76 170 35.62 41 51.71 170 35.97 9 31-Mar-07 1213 42 05.37 170 33 .87 42 08.34 170 34.35 9 31-Mar-07 1415 42 10.84 170 35.23 42 13 .69 170 34.44
l -Apr-07 631 40 42.29 172 14.84 40 40.38 172 17.92 2 l-ApI-07 943 40 31.98 172 02.25 40 34.58 172 00.59 2 1-Apr-07 1300 40 47.56 171 49.38 40 49.48 171 46.50 2 l-Apr-07 1618 41 01.19 171 48.27 40 58.33 171 49.19 2 2-Apr-07 635 41 09.35 171 08.15 41 06.68 171 09.85 2 2-Apr-07 1104 40 56.84 171 37.67 40 59.83 171 37.81 2 2-Apr-07 1322 41 06.46 171 44.26 41 09.41 171 44.48
56
Distance Gear depth (m) trawled
Min. Max. (n. miles) 28 28 3 25 30 2.94 34 41 2.96 43 46 2.99 47 50 2.92 41 42 2.97 52 65 2.82 53 53 3.38 44 28 22 23 55 85 46 67
146 147 151 173
44 32 23 25 57 89 50 70
148 148 154 177
164 177 390 393 364 371 317 319
34 45 137 139 139 141 120 121 184 188 138 142 117 121
2.92 2.95 2.92 2.98 2.92 2.98 3.05 2.93 2.99
3 2.9
2.99 2.93 2.96 2.99
2.9 3.01 2.88
2.9 2.94 2.96 2.99 2.95
Headline height (m)
4.2 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.6 5.1 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.5 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.6
Doorspread (m)
75.6 72.9 74.3
74 73.2 73 .1 70.2
73 74.8 71.8 68 .7 67.5 70.7
76 72 .5 71.9
86 85.6 86.8 84.8 85 .3 91.5 91.5 90.9 74.5
83 80.4 87 .9 89.3 86.5
84
Surface temp (0C)
18 18.1 17.9 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.4 17.5 17.4 17.6 17.8 17.4
16 16
16.1 16.6 15.4 15.5 17.6 17.9 18.3 18.1 17.9
18 16.5 18.1 18.2 16.6 18.l 18.2
16
Bottom temp (0C)
15.9 16.8 16.4 14.8 15 .1 15.6 15.6 13.9 13.9 15.2 16.3 16.6 13 .5 12.8 13.2 12.9 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.9 12.9
12 11.9 12.6 13 .5 13.3 12.9
13 13.3
13 13
Appendix 2-contillued
Station 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62
Stratum 5 7 7 7 8
11 5 7 8
11 11 11 11 11 12 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 11 12 13 12 16 14 14 15 15
Date 2-Apr-07 3-Apr-07 3-Apr-07 3-Apr-07 3-Apr-07 3-Apr-07 4-Apr-07 5-Apr-07 5-Apr-07 6-Apr-07 6-Apr-07 6-Apr-07 6-Apr-07 6-Apr-07 7-Apr-07 7-Apr-07 7-Apr-07 7-Apr-07 7-Apr-07 8-Apr-07 8-Apr-07 8-Apr-07 8-Apr-07 8-Apr-07 9-Apr-07 9-Apr-07 9-Apr-07 9-Apr-07
10-Apr-07 1O-Apr-07 10-Apr-07
Start of tow Time 0, So, E
1627 41 25.11 171 51.64 718 42 02.86 171 16.85 927 42 09.75 171 07.24
1156 42 19.78 171 03.40 1358 42 25.93 170 58.17 1604 42 35.01 170 57.69 649 41 34.95 171 31.79
1505 41 44.91 171 25.41 1643 41 49.07 171 18.09 620 42 47.19 170 42.44 828 42 51.19 170 41.33
1029 42 51.52 170 28.52 1257 42 48.49 170 23.09 1502 42 42.30 170 27.83 630 42 37.76 170 16.22 854 42 43.05 170 04.91
1052 42 48.75 170 02.42 1316 42 46.95 170 09.33 1535 42 47.33 170 16.24 624 42 50.31 170 19.29 842 42 59.87 170 17.76
1058 43 05.27 170 10.74 1304 43 06.02 170 06.28 1502 43 07.50 169 58.74 631 43 02.87 169 47.38 834 43 09.26 169 53.67
1302 43 15.67 169 43.91 1511 43 19.23 169 53.61 645 43 46.57 169 05.29 849 43 38.40 169 14.68
1129 43 34.56 169 14.73
End of tow ° 'S 0, E
41 28.09 171 51.66 42 05.58 171 15.18 42 12.55 171 06.04 42 22.68 171 02.36 42 28.86 170 58.17 42 37.18 170 54.93 41 32.93 171 34.67 41 46.85 171 23.86 41 51.71 171 16.35 42 46.66 170 38.52 42 51.49 170 37.32 42 53.97 170 26.03 42 45.85 170 24.94 42 44.42 170 25.06 42 40.56 170 15.08 42 45.90 170 03.34 42 51.65 170 01.75 42 44.03 170 09.86 42 49.96 170 14.09 42 52.83 170 17.06 43 02.13 170 14.99 43 07.37 170 07.90 43 08.67 170 04.23 43 09.59 169 55.91 43 04.86 169 46.23 43 11.16 169 52.00 43 17.82 169 43.43 43 21.54 169 50.93 43 44.48 169 08.21 43 35.87 169 16.88 43 33.00 169 16.93
57
Gear depth (m) Min. Max.
36 40 45 46 91 94 87 90
112 117 67 78 96 100 45 53
100 101 40 47 26 27 40 43 85 88 85 90
149 150 216 217 220 229 154 158 130 135 105 108 43 46 40 49 81 84
144 153 207 221 168 173 210 219
66 74 26 33
115 124 129 130
Distance trawled
(n. miles) 2.98 2.98 2.93
3 2.93 2.97 2.95 2.25 2.94 2.92 2.95 3.05 2.96 2.93 2.92 3.07 2.94 2.94 3.06
3 3.03 2.95 3.04 2.93 2.16 2.25 2.17 3.02 2.96 2.98 2.23
Headline Doorspread height (m) (m)
4.7 74.1 4.7 74 4.6 73.6 4.6 76.8 4.5 79.7 4.5 67.6 4.7 84.3
5 74.3 4.7 83.5 4.7 72.2 4.9 68.4 4.5 70.1 4.4 73.8 4.8 78.5 4.4 83.5 4.6 85 4.6 85 4.5 85 4.5 79.2 4.4 76.6 4.5 71.9 4.6 72.6 4.7 75.3 4.6 85.6 4.6 90.9 4.2 84.1 4.5 85.5 4.7 74.3 4.7 71.2 4.1 87.1 4.4 85.1
Surface temp (0C)
17 15.8 15.3 15.6 17.5 15.9 16.3 15.2 15.7 15.2
15 15.1 16.2 15.1 17.4 16.7
16 16.5 15.3 16.4 14.9 14.7 14.6 16.3
16 15.6 15.3 15.3 15.4 15.7 16.8
Bottom temp (0C)
13.6 13.5 12.7 12.8 12.8 12.7 12.7 12.9 12.7 12.7 13.1 13.3 13.1 12.9 12.6 12.7 12.6 12.8
13 13
13.3 13.2 13.1 12.5 12.4 12.6 12.5 12.9 14.6 12.8 12.9
Appendix 2-colltillued
Station 63 64 65 66 67 68 69
70 * 71 * 72* 73 * 74 * 75 * 76 * 77* 78*
79 * 80 * 81 * 82 * 83 * 84 * 85 * 86 *
Stratum 16 15 16 14 14 12 12 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19
Date Time 10-Apr-07 1352 10-Apr-07 1559 11-Apr-07 720 11-Apr-07 1114 11-Apr-07 1311 11-Apr-07 1621 12-Apr-07 644 15-Apr-07 1031 15-Apr-07 1114 15-Apr-07 1152 15-Apr-07 1339 15-Apr-07 1422 15-Apr-07 1516 15-Apr-07 1613 15-Apr-07 1721 16-Apr-07 703 16-Apr-07 752 16-Apr-07 906 16-Apr-07 1108 16-Apr-07 1146 16-Apr-07 1247 16-Apr-07 1334 16-Apr-07 1421 16-Apr-07 1523
Stali of tow ° S ° E
43 26.35 169 15.45 43 26.71 169 20.11 43 26.01 169 18.37 43 31.15 169 29.13 43 27.02 169 34.90 43 16.12 169 50.89 43 07.35 169 51.20 40 46.31 173 43.96 40 44.73 173 43.68 40 43.46 173 43.43 40 43.94 173 42.30 40 44.28 173 42.31 40 45.12 173 41.35 40 46.58 173 40.10 40 42.81 173 44.40 40 42.03 173 37.51 40 43.10 173 40.02 40 41.96 173 42.37 40 41.15 173 44.10 40 42.09 173 45.81 40 40.50 173 42.83 40 41.58 173 40.94 40 44.06 173 39.39 40 45.72 173 38.90
* Tow for tarakihi tagging, not used for biomass estimates
End of tow ° S ° E
43 24.39 169 18.45 43 25.52 169 22.78 43 24.50 169 20.50 43 29.22 169 32.46 43 25.19 169 38.18 43 13.98 169 52.88 43 04.90 169 53.47 40 45.82 173 43.75 40 44.27 173 43.52 40 43.05 173 43.12 40 43.49 173 42.02 40 44.73 173 42.61 40 45.57 173 41.58 40 47.07 173 40.29 40 42.42 173 44.01 40 42.31 173 38.05 40 42.96 173 40.58 40 41.77 173 42.97 40 41.40 173 44.70 40 42.53 173 46.06 40 40.69 173 42.06 40 41.84 173 40.42 40 44.30 173 40.01 40 45.94 173 38.34
58
Gear depth (m) Min. Max. 343 347 136 138 242 251
53 62 49 53
152 154 183 185 63 68 67 68 53 58 53 54 61 65 65 66 67 67 55 57 62 62 60 60 62 62 60 62 56 65 61 62 60 61 55 55 52 52
Distance trawled
(n. miles) 2.93 2.27 2.16 3.09
3 2.58 2.95 0.51 0.47 0.47 0.49
0.5 0.48 0.51 0.48 0.49 0.44 0.49 0.51 0.47 0.61 0.47 0.52 0.47
Headline height (m)
4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.9 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
Doorspread (m) 91
83.4 87.5 74.5 73.1 85.9 88.5
75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75
Surface temp (0C)
16.1 16.3 16.2 15.1 15.5 15.2 15.2
Bottom temp (0C)
12.2 12.8 12.8 13.2 13.8 12.6 12.7
Appendix 3: Catch summary in alphebetical order by species code (Occ. = number of stations).
Species code Common name
ANC ANT ASC BAR BCO BRA BRI BTA CAR CBI CBO CCX CDO CON COU CRU CUC EGR ELE EMA ERA ESO EUC FHD FLL FRO GAS GLB GSH GUR HAG HAK HAP HDR HOK HTH JAV JDO JFT JMD JMM JMN KAH LDO LEA LFB LIN LSK LSO MOO
Anchovy Anemones Sea squirt Barracouta Blue cod Short-tailed black ray Brill Smooth deepsea skate Carpet shark Two saddle rattail Bollons's rattail Small banded rattail Capro dory Conger eel Coral (unspecified) Crustacea Cucumberfish Eagle ray Elephantfish Blue mackerel Electric ray N.Z. sole Euc1a cod Deepsea flathead Shell fragments Frostfish Gastropods Globefish Dark ghost shark Red gumard Hagfish Hake Hapuku Hydroid Hoki Sea cucumber Javelinfish John dory Jellyfish N.Z. jack mackerel Chilean jack mackerel N.Z. jack mackerel Kahawai Lookdown dory LeatheIjacket Longfinned boarfish Ling Sof'tnose skate (Longtail skate) Lemon sole Mirror dory
Scientific name
Engraulis australis Anthozoa Ascidiacea Thyrsites atun Parapercis colias Dasyatis brevicaudata Colistium guntheri Notoraja asperula Cephaloscyllium isabellum Caelorinchus biclinozonalis Caelorinchus bollonsi Caelorinchus parvifasciatus Capromimus abbreviatus Conger spp.
Chlorophthalmus nigripinnis Myliobatis tenuicaudatus Callorhinchus milii Scomber australasicus Torpedo Jairchildi Peltorhamphus novaezeelandiae Euclichthys polynemus Hoplichthys haswelli
Lepidopus caudatus Gastropoda Contusus richei Hydrolagus novaezealandiae Chelidonichthys kumu Eptatretus cirrhatus Merluccius australis Polyprion oxygeneios Hydrozoa (Class) Macruronus novaezelandiae Holothurian unidentified Lepidorhynchus denticulatus ZeusJaber
Trachurus declivis Trachurus symmrtricus murphyi Trachurus novaezelandiae Arripis trutta Cyttus traversi Parika scaber Zanclistius elevatus Genypterus blacodes Arhynchobatis asperrimus Pelotretis flavilatus Zenopsis nebulosus
59
Catch % oftotal Depth (m) (kg) catch Occ. Min. Max.
0.3 1.5
17.3 3300.6
86.2 103.5
8.6 2.3
1295.1 2760.6
31.8 8.5
11.9 84.7 0.7 0.1
94.4 4.7
42.8 1.7
99.7 73.9
0.1 1.9
15.2 799.5
4.0 74.5
2078.8 861.4
l.9 600.8
59.1 17.1
1 309.7 0.8 9.5
154.8 36.1 87.9 19.1
248.5 l.0 0.5
282.8 3.5
390.1 2.9
181.2 5.7
* * * 8
* * * * 3 7
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 2
* * 5 2
* 2
* * 3
* * * * * *
* *
*
* * *
2 2 4
58 10 2 7 1
62 36
2 3
20 8
23 2 7
12 12
29 11 2
37 37
26 4
17 3 3
21 6
29 8
16
12 1
35 2
33
28 41 22 22 28 23 26
343 22 26
210 136 66 26
138 67 53 28 26 85 22 22
390 343
23 36 26 26 36 22
343 26
151 52 85 22
343 22 22 28 43 22 28
343 23 23 22
364 22
390
46 65 32
229 150 28 50
347 371 251 347 347 229
65 142 70
319 41 65 89
347 50
393 347
25 347 347 40
393 177 347 347 393 65
347 65
393 177 53
221 217 117 28
347 65 25
393 393 251 393
Appendix 3-continued
Species code Common name
NOS NSD OCT ONG OPA OPE PAD PAG PCO PDG PIG PIL POP POS PRK PSI RBT RCO RHY RMU RSK SAL SBR SCA SCG SCH SCI SDO SDR SFI SFL SHR SKI SNA SND SPD SPE SPM SPO SPR SPS SPT SPZ SSH SSI SSK STA STY SWA TAR
NZ southern arrow squid Northern spiny dogfish Octopus Sponges Opalfish Orange perch Paddle crab Hermit crab Ahuru Prickly dogfish Pigfish Pilchard Porcupine fish Porbeagle shark Prawn killer Geomwetric star Redbait Red cod Common TOughy Red mullet Rough skate Salps Southern bastard cod Scallop Scaly gumard School shark Scampi Silver dory Spiny seadragon Starfish Sand flounder Sea hare Gemfish Snapper Shovelnose spiny dogfish Spiny dogfish Sea perch Sprat Rig Sprats Speckled sole Heart urchin Spotted stargazer Slender smoothhound Silverside Smooth skate Giant stargazer Spotty Silver warehou Tarakihi
Scientific name
Nototodarus sloanii Squalus mitsukurii Pinnoctopus cordiformis Porifera (phylum) Hemerocoetes spp. Lepidoperca aurantia Ovalipes catharus Paguroidea Auchenoceros punctatus Oxynotus bruniensis Congiopodus leucopaecilus Sardinops neopilchardus Allomycterus jaculiferus Lamna nasus Ibacus alticrenatus Psilaster acuminatus Emmelichthys nitidus Pseudophycis bach us Paratrachichthys trailli Upeneichthys lineatus Dipturus nasutus
Pseudophycis barbata Pecten novaezelandiae Lepidotrigla brachyoptera Galeorhinus galeus Metanephrops challengeri Cyttus novaezealandiae Solegnathus spinosissimus Asteroidea & ophiuroidea Rhombosolea plebeia Order Aplysiomorpha Rexea solandri Pagrus auratus Deania calcea Squalus acanthias Helicolenus spp. Sprattus muelleri Mustelus lenticulatus Sprattus antipodum, S. muelleri Peltorhamphus latus Spatangus multispinus Genyagnus monopterygius Gollum attenuatus Argentina elongata Dipturus innominatus Kathetostorna giganteum Notolabrus celidotus Seriolella punctata Nemadactylus macropterus
60
Catch % of total Depth (m) (kg) catch Occ. Min. Max.
I 344.8 89.0 21.9 19.7 0.4 1.7 7.9 1.0 2.3 6.4 2.3 0.1
91.5 29.1
7.3 0.3 O.l
2980.1 1.1 0.5
354.5 24.7
1.1 0.1
722.6 1084.0
0.1 1 976.5
1.0 4.2
152.3 O.l
105.l 82.8 10.0
8371.3 236.1
6.0 475.2
O.l 0.5 6.4 2.1
48.3 46.0
121.0 2411.6
99.7 210.6
1 716.2
3
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 8
* *
* * * 2 3
* 5%
* * * * * * *
21
*
* * * * * * * 6
* 1 4
68 15 II 9 4
7 8 1 6
4 1
15 3
52 1 2
22 8
56 51
I 32
5 6 8
10 6
61 38 14 35
1 5 5 2 2
34 13 53
7 44 47
22 393 34 393 22 108 22 89 28 124
207 221 26 27 23 229 26 89
242 251 28 217 43 46 34 142 66 74 34 371 96 121 91 94 22 347
207 221 28 32 23 393 26 393
149 150 28 32 23 221 22 371
390 393 81 371 52 219 22 177 22 57 23 25
168 393 22 65
343 347 22 347 28 393 26 90 22 154 43 46 22 32 96 347 22 25
364 393 41 371 44 393 22 347 22 46 22 393 22 251
Appendix 3-continued
Species Catch % of total Depth (m) code Common name Scientific name (kg) catch Occ. Min. Max.
THR Thresher shark Alopias vulpinus 35.4 * 2 43 46 TOD Dark toadfish Neophrynichthys latus 0.8 * 6 144 393 TUR Turbot Colistium nudipinnis 2.5 * 40 43 UN! Unidentified 2.2 * 4 22 89 WAR Blue warehou Serio lelia brama 559.3 23 22 124 WHE Whelks 0.1 * 147 148 WIT Witch Arnoglossus scapha 397.5 55 22 393 YBF Yellow-belly flounder Rhombosolea leporina 0.3 * I 25 30 YEM Yellow-eyed mullet Aldrichetta forsteri 12.8 * 4 23 41
Total 39167.9
* less than 0.5%
61
Appendix 4. Benthic macro-invertebrates takenas by catch during the survey.
Taxon
Porifera (Demospongiae) Amorphinopsis n. sp. 1 Crella incrustans (Carter, 1885) sensu Bergquist & Fromont (1988) Dactylia palmata Carter, 1885 sensu Bergquist & Warne (1980) Dactylia n. sp. 1 Suberites ajJinis Brondsted, 1923 Cally5pongia (Cally5pongia) sp. nov. 11
Actiniaria Actiniaria
Annelida: Polynoidae Eunice laticeps Pseudopotamilla laciniosa
Annelida:Hirudinea Stibarobdella?
Cnidaria: Pennatulacean Funiculina sp.
Bryozoa: Cheilostomata Aetea truncata (Landsborough, 1852) Akatopora circumsaepta (Uttley, 1951) A imulosia marsupium (MacGillivray, 1869) Arachnopusia unicornis (Hutton, 1873) Beania magellanica (Busk, 1852) Beania sp. Bitectipora rostrata (MacGillivray, 1887) Bugula sp. Caberea rostrata Busk, 1884 Caberea zelandica (Gray, 1843) Calloporina angustipora (Hincks, 1885)
Cella ria immersa (Tenison-Woods, 1880) Cellaria tenuirostris (Busk, 1852) Celleporaria agglutinans (Hutton, 1873) CeUeporina sinuata Gordon, 1989 Crassimarginatella cucullata (Waters, 1898) Diaperoecia purpurascens (Hutton, 1873) Entalophoroecia sp. Exochella conjuncta Brown, 1952 Galeopsis polyporus (Brown, 1952) Galeopsis porcellanicus (Hutton, 1873) Hippothoaflagellum Manzoni, 1870 Leptinatella gordoni Cook & Bock, 1999 Microporella agonistes Gordon, 1989 Microporella discors Uttley & Bullivant, 1972
62
No. of stations
7 3 2
2
4
2
1 3
2 1 2 2
Appendix 4--continued
Taxon
Bryozoa: Cheilostomata (cont.) Odontionella cyclops (Busk, 1854) Opaeophora lepida (Hincks, 1881) Parasmittina delicatula (Busk, 1884) Schizosmittina cinctipora (Hincks, 1883) Smittina purpurea (Hincks, 1881) Smittina rosacea Powell, 1967 Smittina torques Powell, 1967 Smittoidea maunganuiensis (Waters, 1906)
Bryozoa: Cyclostomata: Telopora lobata Tenison-Woods, 1880 Tubulipora sp. I
Tubulipora sp.2 Tubulipora sp.3
Crustacea: Palinura Ibaccus alticrenatus
Crustaces: Decapoda Metanephrops challengeri
Crustacea: Paguridae Diacanthurus rubricatus (Henderson, 1888) Paguristes subpilosus (Henderson, 1888) Paguristes pitosus (H. Milne Edwards, 1836)
Crustacea: Stomatopoda Ptelygosquilla schizodontia (Richardson, 1953)
Crustacea: Isopoda Elthusa raynaudii (Milne Edwards, 1840); Nerocila orbignyi (Guerin-Meneville, 1832)
Crustacea: Anomura Phylladiorhynchus pusillus Baba 1969 Porcellanidae Ovalipes catharus
Crustacea: Stomatopoda Squillidae
Arthropoda: Cirripedia Calantica studeri Arcoscalpellum pedunculatum
Brachiopoda Brachiopoda
63
No. of stations
1 1 1 2 2 2 2
15
4
2 1
2
2 1
Appendix 4-continued
Taxon
Mollusca: Bivalvia Pecten novaezelandiae Talochlamys zelandiae (Gray, 1843) Hiatella arctica (Linnaeus, 1767)
Mollusca: Gastropoda A leithoe ostenfeldi (Iredale, 1937) Alcithoe arabica (Gmelin, 1791) Astrea heliotropium (martyn, 1784) Austrofitsus glans (ROding, 1798) Penion cuvierianus (Powell, 1927)
Mollusca: Cephalopoda Pinnoetopus cordiformis
Tunicata: Ascidiacea Cnemidocarpa nisiotus Cnemidocarpa nisiotus Stolidobranchia Styela? pieta? Aplousobranchia
Echinodermata :Astreoidea Psi/aster acuminatus Coscinasterias murieata
Echinodermata :Ophiuroidea Ophiuroidea
Echinodermata:Echinoidea Spatangus multispinus
Echinodermata: Holothuroidea Stiehopus mollis
64
No. of stations
2
5 2 1 2 2
11
4
2
1
5
2
3