INFLUENZAJessica Holttum and Jordan

Standlee

OUTLINE Statistics Molecular Biology Symptoms Transmission Treatment Infamous Strains Conclusion

ANNUAL STATISTICS 5-20% of U.S.

infected 200,000

hospitalized 3-5 million

severe cases worldwide 250,000-

500,000 deaths 300 million

doses of vaccine administered worldwide Source:

cdc.gov

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Enveloped virus HA and NA proteins

HemagglutininNeuraminidase“H1N1”

3 subtypesA – animals/humansB – humans onlyC - asymptomatic

Source: www.micro.magnet.fsu.edu

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (-) ssRNA genome

~14,000nt total; 8 segments

Source: www.virology.ws

SYMPTOMS Last about a week

1-2 day incubation May include:

Fever/chillsCoughSore throatRunny/stuffy noseMuscle/HeadachesFatigueVomiting/diarrhea

Source: newshealth.net

POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS Bacterial pneumonia Ear/sinus infections Bronchitis Worsening of preexisting conditions

AsthmaDiabetesCongestive heart disease

Link to schizophrenia

TRANSMISSION Inhalation of infected fluid particles Hand-to-mouth contact Flu “season”

Not due to temperatureBad weather people stay indoors

extended close contact with others

Source: shanghaiist.com

TREATMENT Rest Vitamin C & A Fluids

Hot drinks/soup OTC Medication Antivirals Prevention

Avoid crowdsCover coughs, sneezesWash handsSkip school/work

Source: recipesfromhome-

online.com

VACCINE 2 types

TIV Injection Dead virus

LAIV Nasal spray Attenuated virus Cold-adapted

Source: IFPMA

SPANISH FLU H1N1 1/3 world population infected 30-50 million dead

675,000 in U.S. Over half were age 20-40

Transmission linked to high humidity

3 waves in one year Spring 1918 Fall 1918 Winter 1918-1919

“Mother of all pandemics”

Source: 1918.pandemicflu.gov

AVIAN FLU H5N1 First detected 1996

Human detection 1997 Outbreak begins 2003 Rare in humans;

common in birdsAttacks lower respiratory

tract~60% mortality

Expected to remain in circulation

Source: hogueprophecy.com

SWINE FLU H1N1

Less virulentQuadruple

reassortant First case 2009,

California Public Health

Emergency expired 6/23/10

Likely to continue seasonal spread

Source: freewebs.com

SOURCES http://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/vaccination/vax-s http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/types.htm http://www.cdc.gov/flu/keyfacts.htm http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/ http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/cdcresponse.htm http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/hospital.htm http://www.cdc.gov/media/pressrel/2010/r100224.htm http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/fluvaccine.htm http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/outbreaks/current.htm http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol12no01/05-0979.htm http://virus.stanford.edu/uda/ http://1918.pandemicflu.gov http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/viruses/influenzavirus.html http://

biology.kenyon.edu/BMB/Chime2/2005/Cerchiara-Holsberry/FRAMES/start.htm

SOURCES http

://www.pdb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/pdb113_1.html

http://www.ifpma.org/Influenza/index.php?id=4234 http://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/the-flu/treatme

nt.html http://

www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/notes/h1n1_vaccine_20090806/en/index.htmlummary.htm

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs211/en/index.html http://www.who.int/csr/don/2009_04_24/en/index.html http://

www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/2011_01_24_h5n1_avian_influenza_timeline_updates.pdf

http://www.virology.ws/2009/05/01/influenza-virus-rna-genome/ http://

www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/08/040803100609.htm http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/142829.php http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21307188 http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000080.htm http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/flu.html