INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORTSUBITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:kanwaldeep singh

MR.RAJEEV K DANG SG12927

MR. GAURAV SAINI MECHANICAL 5TH

SEM

INTRODUCTION TO CTU

Chandigarh Transport Undertaking :

The Chandigarh Transport Undertaking functions under supervision of the Home Secretary who is also the Secretary , Transport, Chandigarh Administration. The Director , Transport, carries out day-to-day management , assisted by four General Managers in addition to works managers and other staff. When the CTU came into existence in 1966 it had a fleet of only 30 buses; today there are 468 buses.

Fleet :

Total strength is 468 buses, 329 buses run on local/suburban routes, 73 buses run on Interstate routes covering Punjab, Haryana, Himachal, U.P. ,Uttaranchal, Rajasthan, Delhi & J&K .CTU buses traveled approx. 0.95 lac kilometers per day and approx. 1.68 lac commuters commutes daily in CTU Buses.

Staff :

CTU's staff ratio per bus is the lowest in the country: just 3.90 employees per bus compare with Bombay 10.99, Delhi's9.16,Calcutta's 11.66 and Ahmedabad's 10.33.

Computerisation :

The daily duties of operational staff with buses, Maintenance

of Bus ticketing accounts system, Daily cash maintenance,

Class IV employees GPF maintenance, Salaries, Overtime

and Traveling Allowances have been completely

computerized and all applications are running ONLINE.

Social services :

Freedom fighters, War Widows, Blind persons, thalessemia

patients along with one attendant with each category and

journalists can travel free in CTU buses within U.T. Area and

concession has been extended to handicapped persons and

senior citizens, students and employees in CTU Buses within

the U.T area.

MAIN SHOPS IN C.T.U WORKSHOP

ENGINE SHOP

GEAR SHOP

WELDING SHOP

PAINT SHOP

TYRE SHOP

ELECTRICAL SHOP

A-SERVICE

B-SERVICE

ENGINE SHOP It is a power producing device. It converts

chemical energy into heat energy and than mechanical energy

MAIN PARTS OF ENGINE 1) CYLINDER BLOCK

2) CYLINDER HEAD

3) PISTON

4) CRANKSHAFT

5) CAMSHAFT

6) CONNECTING ROD

7) VALVES(INLET VALVE

AND EXHAUST VALVE)

1) HOSE PIPES

2) WATER JACKET

3) SLEEVES

4) THERMOSTAT

5) DAMPERS

6) INLET MANIFOLD ,EXHAUST MANIFOLD

CYLINDER BLOCK & CRANKCASE

• Cylinder block is the basic frame work of the

engine. In this there are cylinder in which pistons

reciprocates. The basic frame work of the engine is

formed by the cylinder block, It houses the engine

cylinders which serve or bearings and guides for

the pistons reciprocating in them. Around the

cylinder there are passages for the circulation of

coolant.

CYLINDER HEAD

To form a combustion chamber above each cylinder

the cylinder head is above the engine.

• OIL SUMP

it is at the bottom of the engine. it is used to store the

oil to collect the return oil

GASKETS

These are used to provide a tight

fitting joint between two surfaces.

The cylinder head form a combustion

chamber above each cylinder. It also

contains valve guides , valve seals

, ports, coolant jackets and

threaded holes for spark plugs or injections .

CONNECTING ROD

Main function of the connecting rod is to convert the reciprocating

motion of the piston into the rotary motion of the crankshaft.

PISTON

• To transmit the force of explosion

to the crankshaft.

• To serve as a guide and a bearing for

small end of the connecting rod

PISTON RINGSi)To form as a seal for the high pressure gases from the combustion

chamber against leak into the crank case.

ii)To provide easy passage for heat flow from the piston crown to the

cylinder walls.

These are of two types

:i)Compression rings

ii)Oil control rings

CRANK SHAFT

It is the engine component from

which the power is taken .It receives

the power from the connecting rods

to the clutch and to the wheels.

VISCOUS FAN

It is attached in the front

of the engine. Its main

function is cooling the

engine.

It is driven by a V-belt from the

crankshaft pulley. It may have four

to seven blades.

MATERIAL

It is generally made of sheet metal

but these days mounted plastic

material e.g. nylon or polypropylene

are also being used for making fans.

PROCEDURE FOR DISMANTALLING THE ENGINE

Following is the procedure for the dismantling of the engine:

i) First of all caps are removed from the each valve with the help of spanner.

ii) After this all the valve springs are removed with the help of valve spring remover and all the cotters are removed. These can also remove with the help of striking hammer on the top of the valves Springs.

iv)The fuel injection pump is removed from the engine

v)The oil cooler is removed by means of unscrewing the bolt sand nuts

vi)Cylinder head is removed from the engine with this all the rocker arms are also removed.

vii)After this the pistons are removed by opening the bearing from the crankshaft with the connecting rods & camshaft is removed .

viii)At the end the crankshaft is removed from the cylinder block.

x)After this all the parts of engine are washed with the help of diesel.

PROCEDURE FOR ASSEMBLY OF

ENGINEFollowing is the procedure for the assembly of the engine.

i)First of all the engine cylinder is kept on the table

.ii)The cylinder boxes are checked with the help of dial gauge

according to the given specifications.

iii)After this the crankshaft bearings are checked with the help of

dial gauge.

iv)The crankshaft is fixed in the crankshaft bearing in the centre

of the main bearing the thrust washer is fixed.

v)After this the pistons are inserted in to the cylinders opf the

engine and the connecting rod is connected to the piston with

the help of piston pin and the crankshaft is connected to the

Big end bearing of the connecting rod

.vi)After this the water plate is connected to the engine

vii)After this the flywheel is connected to the crankshaft and

clutch plate is also adjusted in to the engine.

viii)After this the camshaft is connected to the engine and the air

compressed piston is connected with the camshaft.

ix)Camshaft is closed from both end and the gears are

connectedwith the crankshaft and camshaft and the timing is

adjusted

.x)At the other side the two pulley are there by means of

cylinder head is kept over the cylinder block by insertingthe

nozzles and valves and rocker arms into the cylinder head

.xii)The fuel injection pump is connected to the engine and theoil

cooling plate is inserted into the engine.

xiii)The injectors from the fuel injection pump is connected to the

each nozzles by mean of fuel pipe.

INSPECTION OF VARIOUS PARTS OF ENGINE

1.Inspection of the cylinder boring honing of the cylinder bore gone

oval in shop inserting the cylinder liner or sleeve.

2. Inspection of the piston changing of piston if necessary.

3. Crank shaft grinding

4. Cam shaft grinding

5. Inspection of water gasket sand oil, galleried

6. Checking the valve mechanism.

7. Gasket and lubricating oil are changed after over hauling.

8. Inspection and replacing of the bearing.

9. Rings are settled with the held of piston ring

compressor.

10. Piston ring expands is used for removing ring from

piston.

GEAR SHOP

CONCLUSION

In my industrial training, I was introduced to

industrial environment. I learned discipline and

cooperation during my industrial training and I

felt good when I came in contact with

engineers and workers of workshop. Most

importantly I had learned the process of doing

work in big workshops with sound knowledge

of Engine Shop and Gear Shop which will be

useful for me when ever I will go to any

industry or workshop as an employee.