indonesia initiatives in measuring e-commerce2018: statistics indonesia start to capture e-commerce...
TRANSCRIPT
INDONESIA INITIATIVES IN MEASURING E-COMMERCE
ANISA NURAINI
Expenditure Account DirectorateBPS - Statistics Indonesia
Presented at High Level Seminar on The Digital Economy: A Policy and Statistical PerspectiveBeijing, 15-17 November 2018
Outline
• Background
• Initiatives effort capturing e-commerce
• Issues and challenges
• Preliminary result
BACKGROUND
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is using physical cyber systems, focusing on end-to-end digitization of all physical assets, fusing technologies, and in the process blurring the lines between the physical, digital, and biological spheres.
(WEF 2016, pwc 2016, Tungboriboonrat 2017)
This shift has resulted in the rise of
the digital economy
THE 4.0th INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
OECD, 2015
The result of a transformative process brought by information and communication technology (ICT), which has made technologies cheaper, more powerful, and widely standardized, improving business processes
and bolstering innovation across all sectors of the economy.
DIGITAL ECONOMY
“
Asian Development Bank Institute, 2017
The digital economy comprises e-commerce, app stores, online advertising, online payment services, cloud computing,
and participative networked platforms, amongst others.
“
BACKGROUND
“…the sale or purchase of goods and services conducted over
computer networks by methods specifically designed for the
purpose of receiving or placing orders. The goods or services are
ordered by those methods, but the payment and the ultimate
delivery of the goods and services do not have to be conducted
online…”
OECD, 2010
E-COMMERCE
BACKGROUND
Digital era shift lifestyle ….
4.00
4.50
5.00
5.50
6.00
6.50
2015Q1 2015Q2 2015Q3 2015Q4 2016Q1 2016Q2 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3
y-on-y leisure & non-leisure consumption
leisure non leisure
1. Shift to leisure, exist?
2. Disruption exist?> Shift off-line to on-line?
• Then how Indonesia be prepared facing digital era?
• The need of policy-based evidence making
• The need to emerge measures on the size of economy
affect GDP and inflation
• E-Commerce Data Development: National Priority Program in 2019
INITIATIVES EFFORT
2017: Coordinating Ministry of Economic Affair published first regulation: Presidential Act
No. 74/2017 (Roadmap of E-Commerce National System)
2nd semester of 2017: BPS - Statistics Indonesia working closely with Coordinating Ministry
of Economic Affair, and Indonesia E-Commerce Association (idEA)
Defining concept
Coverage
2018: Statistics Indonesia start to capture e-commerce transaction.
No field enumeration platform submit data electronically
Minimizing platform resistance:
o Light question in the beginning
o Introduce the benefit
o Confidentiality guarantee Statistics Indonesia is willing to set Non Disclosure
Agreement (NDA) if needed.
o 4 times ministry socialization meeting invite platforms’ CEO
DATA COLLECTION COVERAGE
Business model:
• Marketplace & E-Retail
• Classified (Vertical & Horizontal)
• Daily Deals
• Specialty Stores
• Travel
• Transportation
DATA COLLECTION COVERAGE
Minimum requirements information in quarterly basis:
• Transaction by product category
• Visitor, Buyer, Seller by region
• Payment method: cash, e-wallet, via fintech
• Worker based on skill: local vs foreigner
• Access device: mobile vs desktop
QUESTIONNAIRE
12
Strong resistance from e-commerce platform
Confidentiality
Continuation data submission
Existing practise: merchant data for marketplace
Platform data: still untouchable
Be careful with treatment for 2nd hand good transactions via classified horizontal and vertical
Capturing formal e-commerce, ultimately B2C
ISSUES
WAY FORWARD
Next ultimate target: machine to machine data exchange
Data collection via Online Single Submission
Integrated all government unit requirement
Policy making: Ministries
Macro economy recording: Statistics Indonesia
Informal e-commerce research
Big Data
B2B scheme
PRELIMINARY RESULT
FROM TOP PLATFORMS
Unique visitor in 2017“
JavaEconomic share: 58%
70,5%
16,1%
Sumatera 3,1%
Kalimantan
Sulawesi
5,6%
2,9%
Bali & Nusra
0,9%
Maluku & Papua
1,6% ROW
uneven distribution of VISITOR…centralized in the main economic island
Economic share: 22%
... using mobile device as main access
Mobile/Tablet (51%)
Desktop (38%)
App (11%)
17
Java79,6%
10,1%
Sumatera 4,4%
Kalimantan
Sulawesi
2,4%
3,2%
Bali & Nusra
0,3%
Maluku & Papua
Unique seller in 2017“
seller spread around the nation
Best seller online purchase…FASHION, GADGET & ELECTRONIC !!
36.438.9
0.42.0
4.9
17.5
Fashion Gadget &Electronic*
F&B Beauty Baby & Toy Others**
Towards cashless society...“Bank Transfer (~ 61%).
Credit Card (~17%)
E-wallet/e-money (3%)
Cash on Delivery (0,33%)
Payment Method
E-commerce absorp local worker, dominated by non-IT skill
% Worker by Nasionality
99.78
0.22
WNI WNA
28.63
60.81
10.57
IT Non-IT Lainnya
% worker by skill
Worker by skill
… dominated by non-IT worker.Especially: “sales” and “customer service”.
IT worker: 28,6%. mainly as “Developer”.
70.13
22.04
7.83
Developer Product Infrastructure
% worker by skill in IT
16.22
33.18 29.75
20.85
Marketing Sales Customer Service Support
% worker by skill non-IT
Online Consumption
From Quarterly Households Survey
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
Households penetration on e-commerce, Q3-2018 (%)
(The poor) (The middle) (The richest)
Share Households Consumption from Online Purchase, Q3-2018
0.0
4.0
8.0
12.0
16.0
20.0
Fashion Gadget
Fashion and Gadget
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
Taxi/ motorcycle Courier F&B ordering Airplane/Railwaysticket
Hotel Recreational
Services
THANK YOU
E-Commerce Team
BPS-Statistics Indonesia
ANISA NURAINIExpenditure Account Directorate
National Account & Statistical Analysis
BPS - Statistics Indonesia