incubatory care and nebulization

8/14/2019 incubatory care and nebulization

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Our Lady of Fatima UniversityMain Campus , Valenzuela city


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Nebulization

Incubatory

Care


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Nebulization


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Nebulization

Is a method of administering a drug by

spraying it into the respiratory passages

of the patient. The medication may be

given with or without oxygen to helpcarry it into the lungs

Process of transforming liquid

medications into faster-acting inhaled

mists. This aerosolizing is accomplished by

a nebulizer machine equipped with a

compressor and a mouthpiece or face

mask


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Nebulizer

A nebulizer changes liquid medicine into finedroplets (in aerosol or mist form) that are inhaled

through a mouthpiece or mask. Nebulizers can be

used to deliver bronchodilator (airway-opening)

medicines such as albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil

or Airet) or ipratropium bromide (Atrovent).

A nebulizer may be used instead of a metered dose

inhaler (MDI). It is powered by a compressed airmachine and plugs into an electrical outlet. Portable

nebulizers, powered by an internal battery or

cigarette lighter, are available for individuals

requiring treatments away from home.


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An inhalator, or a nebulizer, is principally used

for a therapeutic purpose. A medicament in a

liquid form is nebulized by a nebulizer into a

particle form and the patient, breathing in the

nebulized medicament through the mouth or

the nose, treats ailments in the bronchial

tube, the nose cavity and the throat.


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Indication

Patient who has an asthma

Patient who has a severe cough that blockens

the airways. Patients who has a respiratory distress

Hypersensitivity

Contraindication:


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Types of Nebulizers

Blow By Nebulizer

This particular nebulizer willdisperse the asthma medication in mist form

from the nebulizer vent tube and will need tobe directed close to the person's mouth.

2. The Mask Nebulizer

This type of nebulizer is idealfor treating small children and infantssuffering from asthma


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Types of nebulizer3. Portable Nebulizer

This particular type of nebulizer is

able to provide a course of medication within 5

minutes of being used and is also able to break

the medication in to much smaller particles than

the above two nebulizers can. By being able to

do this the amount of medication that is able toenter the airways and then a person's lungs is

greatly increased.


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Types of Nebulizer

Jet NebulizerA jet nebulizer uses the compressed air to

form droplets that are pushed in a jet motion out of

the device, similar to an aerosol. Jet nebulizers areused with medications that need to be inhaled andthe only type of nebulizer that can be used with

pulmicort respules medications, which are drugparticles in a liquid suspension. Jet nebulizers arealso called atomizers and are commonly used in ahospital setting.


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Ultrasonic Nebulizer

The ultrasonic type of nebulizer does not

use compressed air; instead the device operates off

of sound vibrations. Sound waves at a high

frequency are created by a crystal and transformthe liquid medication into a fine mist that is

inhaled. Ultrasonic nebulizers are generally for

home use and available in a portable style.


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PROCEDURES

1. Place the air compressor on a sturdy surface that willsupport its weight. Plug the cord from the compressorinto a properly grounded (three prong) electrical outlet.

2. Wash your hands with soap and warm water, and drycompletely with a clean towel.

3. Carefully measure the medicine exactly as you havebeen instructed. Use a separate, clean measuringdevice (eyedropper or syringe) for each medicine.

4. Remove the top part of the nebulizer cup, as shownto the left.


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Procedures :5. Place your medicine in the bottom of the nebulizer cup, as

shown to the right.6. Attach the top portion of the nebulizer cup and connect

the mouthpiece or face mask to the cup.

7. Connect the tubing to both the aerosol compressor and

nebulizer cup.8. Turn on the compressor with the on/off switch. Once you

turn on the compressor, you should see a light mist coming

from the back of the tube opposite the mouthpiece as shown

to the left.


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Procedures :

9. Sit up straight on a comfortable chair.10. If you are using a mask, position it comfortably and

securely on your face as shown to the right.11. If you are using a mouth piece, place it between your

teeth and seal your lips around it as shown to the left..

12. Take slow, deep breaths through your mouth. If possible,

hold each breath for two to three seconds before breathing

out. This allows the medication to settle into the airways.


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Procedures :

13. Continue the treatment until the medication is gone(about seven to 10 minutes).

14. If you become dizzy or feel "jittery," stop the treatment

and rest for about five minutes. Then continue the

treatment, but try to breathe more slowly. If thesesymptoms continue with future treatments, inform your

health care provider.

15. Turn the compressor off.

16. Take several deep breaths and cough. Continue coughingand try to clear any secretions you might have in your lungs.

Cough the secretions into a tissue and dispose of it properly.

17. Wash your hands with warm water and soap, and dry

them with a clean towel.


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Nursing

Responsibilities


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Care of nebulizer

Cleaning and disinfecting your equipment is simple, yet very

important. Cleaning should be done in a dust- and smoke-

free area away from open windows. Here is how to clean

your equipment:

1. After each treatment, rinse the nebulizer cup with warm

water, shake off excess water and let it air dry.

2. At the end of each day, the nebulizer cup, mask, or

mouthpiece should be washed in warm, soapy water using a

mild detergent, rinsed thoroughly, and allowed to air dry.

Note: There is no need to clean the tubing that connects the

nebulizer to the air compressor.


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Do not put these parts in the dishwasher.

3. Every third day, after washing your equipment,disinfect the equipment using a vinegar/water

solution or the disinfectant solution your supplier

suggests.To use the vinegar solution, mix 1/2 cup white

vinegar with 1-1/2 cups of water. Soak the

equipment for 30 minutes and rinse well under a

steady stream of water. Shake off the excess water

and allow to air dry on a paper towel. Always allow

the equipment to completely dry before storing in a

plastic, zipper storage bag.


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Compressor care

Cover the compressor with a clean cloth when not in use. Keep itclean by wiping it with a clean, damp cloth as needed.

Do not put the air compressor on the floor either for treatments orfor storage.

Check the air compressor's filter as directed. Replace or clean

according to the directions from your equipment supplier. Always have an extra nebulizer cup and mask or mouthpiece in case

you need it.

Store your medicines in a cool, dry place. Check them often. If theyhave changed color or formed crystals, throw them away andreplace them with new ones.

All equipment for your nebulizer therapy can be obtained throughyour equipment supplier.


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Incubation

Is a process of providing an environment to keep

them warm and suitable for their development.

derived from a latin word Incubare that means

lie on.Incubator

is an apparatus used to care the premature, low

birth weight and very

sick babies in thermo neutral environment.


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Purposes

1. Maintenance of thermoneutral ambient

temperature

2. 2. Provision of desired humidity and oxygenation

3. 3. Observation of very sick neonates

4. 4. Isolation newborn babies from infections,

unfavorable external environment and5. stimulations.


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Indication

1.Premature1.It depends on ability of neonates to

sustain or adopt in external

environment2.LBW

3.Hypothermic Child

4.Sick children5.Used to transfer babies from one place

to another


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Types of Incubator

3. Close type - Close type of incubator has special functionto concentrate fresh air after

filtration. It prevents water loss from radiation. Asneonate remain inside the box the

risk f infection is minimum. 4. Double walled- The incubator has two walls. As air is

not good conductor of heat the

incubator prevents heat and fluid loss.

5. Servo control incubator- It is best type of incubator and

most frequently desired. It is automatically operated and set the parameters as per

need of neonate.


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Openbox Incubator


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Openbox Incubator


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Closed type incubator


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Double Wall Incubator


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Servo Control Incubator


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Ideal Settings of Incubator

Setting of incubator depends upon various parametersof neonate as well as environment e.g .gestationalage, maturity, body temperature and presence orabsence of disease.

Recommended Nursery temperature is 28-300c. Theincubator temperature should be such as it willmaintain the temperature of neonate between 35-370c.

Age Neutral range of Environmental temperature


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Age

1st day

2nd Day

3rd Day

4th Day

and later

Birth weight in Grams

2500

35.0 0.5

34.5 0.5

34.5 0.5

33.5 0.5

34.3 0.5

33.7 0.5

33.5 0.5

32.8 0.5

33.4 1.0

32.7 1.0

33.0 1.0

32.2 1.0

33.0 1.0

32.0 1.0

32.0 1.0

31.5 1.0


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Procedures :

Warm and oxygenate the incubator as you receive themessage of expected arrival of

neonate, generally 10-15 minutes earlier.

Check the physicians order.

Explain the needs of incubator care to the parents ofneonate.

Adjust the incubation parameters and maintain, followthe chart.

Remove the cloths of the neonate and place inside the

incubator. Provide meticulous care as long neonate remains in side


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Procedures:

Continue care through port hole.

Report to the doctor if baby is not maintainingthe temperature, generally after two

abnormal readings. Do not bring the neonate out without justifiable

cause.

Document time and condition of the neonate.

In open care system, cover the baby with warmcloths or to minimize heat loss.


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Nursing care:

Teach the patient or the relatives Cleaning and sterilization-

When the incubator is occupied, it should be cleaneddaily with mild detergent. Humidifier

chamber must be emptied and cleaned daily, fill withfresh distilled water.

After seven days neonate should be sifted to anotherincubator and used incubator should be

cleaned with antiseptic solution.1-2 ml of Glacial aceticacid or vinegar can be added to water in

the humidifier to prevent bacterial growth.


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Special Consideration:

1. It is important that the incubator should not interferewith observation of the neonate and

quality of care.

2. Sensory stimuli like light and pain should be kept to

the minimal. 3. When neonate develops fever, the incubator modes

have to be changed in normal modes.

4. When the neonate is nursed in prone position, skinsensor is placed over the flank and it

should not touch the bed. 5. The neonate in the incubator should not be bathed.

6. The daily linens should be kept within the Nursery tokeep warm.

7. No alarm should be ignored.


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incubatory care and nebulization

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