iii. expressions & patterns

III. III. Expressions & Patterns

A. Expressions

1. to feel like2. to substitute A for B3. to feel comfortable wi

th

4. to take sth./sb. seriously

5. to add self-confidence to

6. throughout history >>>more

B. Patterns for you to use as models

1.

Typical patterns for e

mphasizing sth.

2.

Typical patterns for ad

ding something unfav

orable

3. Typical patterns for pr

oviding evidence >>>more


7. to be descriptive of

8. for better or worse

9. to convey to

10. to attach sth. to sth. else

11. to work for

12. to encourage new acquaintances

13. to turn down

14. to press for

15. to be ill at ease

16. free from

17. to be guilty of

18. to project sth. on sb.

19. to take charge of

20. to push sb. to do sth.

21. to perform well on sth.

22. to stick with ...

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和过去相比，今天的年轻人一旦不喜欢目前的工作，他们享有更多的机会选择自己喜爱的工作。

活学活用

Different from the past, the young people today enjoy more opportunities to seek their favorite jobs once they don’t feel like their present ones.

1. 想要，喜欢 to feel like (L. 3)

III. Expressions & Patterns

2. 用Ａ代替Ｂ to substitute A for B

(L. 5)

由于主力队员的意外受伤，教练只好用替补队员来代替他。

活学活用

Because of the unexpected injury of the leading player, the coach had to substitute the reserve player for him.

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3. 对 ······ 感到舒服 to feel comfortable with… (L. 6)

几个月后，他适应了新环境中的生活，并对这里的一切感到舒服。

活学活用

Several months later, he got used to the life in the new environment and felt comfortable with everything here .

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4. 认真 / 严肃地对待某事 / 某人 to take sth./sb. seriously (L. 7)

起初，没有人把她放在眼里，然而她完美的表演使所有的评委大为惊叹。

活学活用

At the beginning, nobody took her seriously, but at sight of her perfect performance all the judges were filled with wonder.

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5. 增加对 ······ 的信心 to add self-confidence to… (L. 11)

神州五号的巨大成功使中国航天人对自己探索太空的能力更有信心。

活学活用

The great success of ShenZhou 5 space-flight added more confidence to the talents of Chinese aerospace researchers and working staff to explore space.

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6. 从古至今 throughout history (L. 12)

活学活用

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从古至今，孝敬老人一直是

中华民族的传统美德。

Throughout history, being filial and

respectful to the elders has been a traditional

virtue of the Chinese nation.

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7. 是对 ······ 的真实写照 to be descriptive of… (L. 16)

全心全意为人民服务、任劳任怨是对这位老党员的真实写照。

活学活用

It is descriptive of the senior party member to

serve the people with all one’s heart and stand

the strain of labor and injustice.下一页上一页



8. 无论结果好坏 for better or worse (L. 20)

无论结果好坏，只要尽力了，就无怨无悔。

活学活用

For better or worse, you won’t feel regret as long as you have done everything in your power.

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9. 传递，表达 to convey to (L. 23)

尽管只有寥寥数语，我这张小小贺年卡却向你传递着我的真情与祝福。

活学活用

My little New Year card, with just a few lines on it, conveys to you my true feelings and good wishes.

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10. 使 ······ 与 ······ 相关联 to attach ... to… (L. 24)

无可否认，最终的胜利与他们的精诚团结与合作密不可分。

活学活用

There is no denying that the ultimate victory is closely attached to their unity and cooperation in all sincerity.

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11. 对 ······ 有益 to work for… (L. 31)

扎实的专业知识和灵活的应变能力将使你终身受益。

活学活用

A solid foundation of special knowledge and

ready adaptability will work for all your life.

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12. 有助于（鼓励）结识新朋友 to encourage new acquaintances (L. 31)

开朗的性格使人容易相处，并有助于他 /她所到之处结交新朋友。

活学活用

An open and communicative character makes a person easy to get on with and encourages new acquaintances where he or she goes.

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13. 拒绝，驳回 to turn down (L. 34)

尽管申请屡次遭到拒绝，但她从不放弃。这使那位老板深为感动，最终还是把机会给了她。

活学活用

Her application had been turned down repeatedly, but she never gave up, which moved the boss so deeply as to afford her the chance at last. 下一页上一页



14. 紧急请求，要求 to press for (L. 35)

一接到紧急求救信号，总部立刻派遣大量警察到事发地点，开始救援工作。

活学活用

On hearing the signal of pressing for help, the headquarters immediately sent a large number of policemen to the spot of the accident to set about rescue work.

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15. 不自在，困窘 to be ill at ease (L. 37)

初次参加如此庄重而又盛大的晚会，她感到有点不自在。

活学活用

Attending such a formal and magnificent party for the first time, she felt somewhat ill at ease.

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16. 免受 ······影响的 free from… (L. 38)

生活中的烦恼不可避免，然而，如何使自己的心情不为所困要取决于你对此持什么样的态度。

活学活用

Troubles are always inevitable in your life, but how to keep your mind free from them depends on what attitudes you hold towards them.

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17. 对 ······ 有罪责 to be guilty of… (L. 39)

面对剧增的青少年犯罪，该怪谁？家庭？学校？事实上，整个社会对此都有罪责。

活学活用

Who are to blame for a sharp increase in the

teenage crime? Families? Schools? In fact, the

whole society is guilty of this trend.下一页上一页



18. 把 ······ 加在某人身上 to project ... on sb. (L. 40)

由于缺乏对孩子的了解，一些家长常常把自己的一厢情愿加在孩子身上，从而加大了代沟。

活学活用

For lack of knowledge about their children, some parents tend to project their wishful ideas on the children, thus widening the generation gap.

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19. 对 ······负责 to take charge of… (L. 42)

这次事故造成了极其恶劣的社会影响，因此这项工程的负责人受到了严厉的惩处。

活学活用

The accident produced a very bad impact on

the society, so those who took charge of the

project were severely punished.下一页上一页



20. 促使某人干某事 to push sb. to do sth. (L. 44)

严峻的就业形势促使学生们更加刻苦，从而使自己在未来更具竞争力。

活学活用

The grave situation of employment is pushing the students to work harder so as to make themselves more competitive in the future.

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21. 在 ······方面做得好 to perform well on ... (L. 52)

应试英语教学的问题是显而易见的：许多客观测试做得好的学生语言交际能力却很差。

活学活用

The problem with the examination-oriented

English teaching is obvious: many students who

perform pretty well on objective tests are rather

poor in verbal communication.下一页上一页



22. 坚持 ······ / 无法摆脱 ······ to stick with… / to be stuck with… (L. 58)

活学活用

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失败并不可怕。只要你坚持不懈，就一定能够成功。

There is nothing fearful

about failure. As long as

you stick with your efforts,

you are bound to succeed.

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1. Typical patterns for emphasizing sth.:

原句 : Naturally, the name change didn’t cause

Debbie / Lynne’s professional achievement —but

it surely helped if only by adding a bit of self-conf

idence to her talents. (L. 10)

当然，戴比（或林恩）的职业成就并不是改名带来的，但是这肯定给她带来了好处，虽说改名字仅使她对自己的才能增加了一点自信。


句型提炼

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Naturally, sb. / sth. does not cause / lea

d to / result in… — but sb. / sth. surely

helps if only by doing….

当然，某一结果并不是由某人或某物带来的，但这肯定给某人带来好处 /

坏处，虽说仅仅是 ······



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应用： a. 当然，仅有乐观态度还不能确保你生活幸福，但它的确会给你带来好处，虽说仅仅是改变了你对生活的态度。

Naturally, optimism alone does not ensure

you a happy life—but it surely helps if only

by changing your attitude toward life.



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应用： b. 当然，一事无成的后果并不是漫不经心所致 , 但它的确会给你带来坏处，虽说仅仅是对你的表现产生了一点点影响。Naturally, carelessness does not lead to your

failure in everything — but it surely has negative

effects if only by leaving a bit of its mark on your

behavior.


原句 : Yet , despite this disadvantage, I did manage to become an art critic for a time. Even so, one prominent magazine consistently refused to print “Joe” in my by-line, using my first initials, J.S., instead. (L. 27)


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然而，尽管有此不利，我确实曾一度设法成为了一名评论家。即使如此，一家著名的杂志一直拒绝把“乔”作为我的文章的作者署名，而是用我名字的首字母 J.S来代替它。

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2. Typical patterns for adding sth. unfavorable:

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Despite… / For all…, sb. did manage to do

sth.. Even so, sb. else refuses to…, doing st

h. else instead.

尽管 ······ ，某人设法做了某事。即使如此，他人仍拒绝 ······ ，而是 ······

句型提炼

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应用： a. 尽管薪金低，工作条件差，他还是圆满地完成了任务。即使如此，老板也没有提拔他，而是不公正地对待他。Despite the low salary and bad working conditions, he did manage to finish his task perfectly. Even so, the boss refuses to get him promoted, treating him unfairly instead.


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应用： b. 尽管困难重重，中国设法改善了人民生活条件，确保了人民的合法权益。即使如此，一些西方国家打着人权的旗号，拒绝投我国人权现状的赞成票，而是横加指责。For all various difficulties, China has managed to improve people’s living conditions and guarantee their legal rights. Even so, some western countries, under the cover of human rights, refuse to vote for the status of our civil rights, making unfounded charges instead.


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原句 : A recent survey showed that American

men thought Susan to be the most attractive fe

male name, while women believed Richard an

d David were the most attractive for men. (L.

32)


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最新调查表明：美国男人认为苏珊是最有吸引力的女性名字，而女性则认为查里德和戴维是男人中最有吸引力的名字。

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3. Typical patterns for providing evidence:

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句型提炼

A recent (latest ) survey (study / investigation /

poll) (conducted / done / taken by…) shows (re

veals / indicates / finds) that sb. thinks…, whil

e sb. else believes…

最新调查表明：某人认为 ······ ，而其他人则认为 ······

（划线部分可替换）


应用： a. 最近对大学毕业生做的一次调查表明：为数不少的人认为高薪水非常重要，而大多数人则认为找一个有意义的工作，做些有趣的事更重要。


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A latest survey conducted among college graduates shows that quite a few people think a high salary is of great importance, while most of them believe doing something worthwhile and enjoyable at work is more important.

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应用： b. 社会学家做的一项调查表明：多数年轻人认为他们信守传统观念，而另有一些人认为为了家庭和孩子牺牲个人的幸福不值得。


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A poll conducted by sociologists indicates that most young people think they remain true to the traditional values, while some others regard it as of little worth to sacrifice personal happiness for the sake of the family and children.


iii. expressions & patterns

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