igcc with post-combustion capture using ca-l...
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IGCC with post-combustioncapture using Ca-L process
Rahul Anantharaman, SINTEF Energy ResearchChao Fu, SINTEF Energy Research
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Conceptual process flow diagram
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Ca‐looping cycle for CO2 capture
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NGCC with Ca‐looping CO2 capture
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Systematic efficiency improvement
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• Sizing and cost estimation
Modeling of Ca-looping reactors
• Further optimization studies
- Trade-off between solids inventory, fresh makeup limestoneand solid recycle flow
- Trade-off between CO2 capture rate, energy consumption and capital cost
- Scale-up study
- Comparison with other CO2 capture alternatives
- Entire flowsheet optimization
• Applicable to various industrial processes with CaL capture
- Performance prediction
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Simplified Ca‐Looping model
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Modeling of the carbonator
Reference: M.C. Romano, 2012. Chemical Engineering Science 69, 257-269.
• On the basis of the Kunii-Levenspiel model, and kinetics and capacity models of CaO
• Impacts of sulfuration and ash are included
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Simple vs Advanced model
Simple model Advanced model
Phase Gas and solid phase well mixed
Discrete gas and well mixed solid phase
Reaction Instantaneous reaction Kinetic reactions
Sorbent property Average solid conversion Reactor hydrodynamics
Application exampleAverage carbonation level 0.75 (specified) 0.89 (calculated)
Number of units 10 2
Design CO2 capture rate 0.90 ‐
CO2 capture rate using advancedmodel
0.9412 (but the height of the dense zone is ‐4.38 m)
0.8997
Reference: (1) D.P. Hanak, et al. 2015. Energy & Environmental Science 8, 2199-2249.(2) R. Anantharaman, et al. 2014. BIGCCS Deliverable Report D1.6.1410.(3) D. Berstad, et al. 2012. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 11, 25-33.
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Modeling of the calciner
• Fewer studies on the modeling of oxy-fuel calciners- Public models can hardly be applied for sizing estimation
- The coupling of carbonators and calciners has less been studied
• Challenges
- Simple models for preliminary calculations are desired
- Validation of the models (insufficient public experimental data)
- Level of details about oxy-fuel combustion reaction