ICT as a Driver for Change

in East Africa?

Rakesh Rajani

Head, Twaweza

Open Government Partnership

17 April 2012, Brasilia

Twaweza

imagination. citizen agency.

public action.

People drive governance reforms, not ICTs

Uwezo

Every year, 140,000+ children

education level assessment

all districts in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda

Taking action without experts

www.uwezo.net

Uwezo Tanzania 2011

Secondary School Capitation Grant

Called 100 head teachers, asked

“Did funding reach your school?”

1 week, few hundred dollars

Secondary School Capitation Grant

Schools that received the capitation grant as required by January 31, 2011

7%

93%

Receivedcapitation grant

Did not receivecapitation grant

Source of data: HakiElimu/Twaweza

Secondary School Capitation Grant

Anticipated Vs actual Capitation grant sent from Treasury to LGAs in January 2011

10,000

390

-

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Anticipated Disbursed

TZS

pe

r p

up

il

Source of data: Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs

Secondary School Capitation Grant

Impact?

The Government released most

funding to schools

Urban Water Kiosks

1 volunteer, 1 week

visited 40 randomly selected kisoks

Large public debate

Urban Water Kiosks

Water kiosks (not) following EWURA’s order to publicly display the official water tariff (n=25)

8%

92%

Posting tariff in accordance withEWURA order

Not posting tariff in defiance ofEWURA order

Urban Water Kiosks

Prices charged at various water kiosks for 20 liters

30 30

50 50 50 50 50

70

100 100 100 100 100 100

150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150

200

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Kek

o M

agu

rum

bas

i B

Tip

To

p

Mab

ibo

Kw

a C

assi

an

Kek

o M

wan

ga A

Kek

o M

ole

mo

Mab

ibo

Rel

ini

Ali

Mau

a ‘B

’

Kig

ogo

Lan

da

Bar

Mab

ibo

kw

a K

ikan

zo

Ub

un

go M

aziw

a

Mku

nd

uge

Mto

gole

Ali

Mau

a ‘A

’

Man

zese

Mid

izin

i

Tan

dal

e U

zuri

Tan

dal

e kw

a Tu

mb

o

Tan

dal

e Ye

men

Man

zese

Uzu

ri

Tan

dal

e M

afic

ho

ni

Miv

ule

ni ‘

A’

Mw

em

be

Mko

le

Miv

ule

ni ‘

B’

Man

zese

Kili

man

i

Man

zese

Kie

mb

eni

Man

zese

Bak

hre

sa

Shill

ings

per

20

lite

rs

Official tariff set by EWURA

Citizens can,

and do, effectively use

ICTs to monitor and

pressure governments

Wananchi Survey

Weekly mobile phone survey of East African citizens

Quick, simple, constant bottom-up feedback informing policy

The Real Power:

People using ICTs

Ecosystem of Ideas and Information