iaac-aeic.gc.ca · realtimeconnection [email protected] 1020 in the matter of the joint...

Realtime [email protected]

1020

IN THE MATTER OF THE JOINT REVIEW PANEL ("JOINT PANEL")ESTABLISHED TO REVIEW THE JACKPINE MINE EXPANSION,FORT MCKAY, ALBERTA, ("PROJECT") PROPOSED BY SHELL

CANADA LIMITED ("SHELL")

AND IN THE MATTER OF ALBERTA ENERGY RESOURCESCONSERVATION BOARD ("ERCB") APPLICATION NO. 1554388

AND IN THE MATTER OF CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTAGENCY ("AGENCY") CEAR NO. 59540

AND IN THE MATTER OF THE ENERGY RESOURCES CONSERVATIONACT R.S.A. 2000 C. E-10

AND IN THE MATTER OF THE OIL SANDS CONSERVATION ACT,R.S.A. 2000, C.0-7

AND IN THE MATTER OF THE CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTALASSESSMENT ACT, 2012, S.C. 2012, C. 19, S. 52

BY THEALBERTA ENERGY RESOURCES CONSERVATION BOARD AND THE

GOVERNMENT OF CANADA

_______________________________________

PROCEEDINGS AT HEARING

NOVEMBER 2, 2012

VOLUME 6

PAGES 1020 TO 1205

________________________________________

C o p y

________________________________________

Held at:MacDonald Island Park151 MacDonald Drive

Fort McMurray, AlbertaT9H 5C5


1021

APPEARANCES

JOINT PANEL:

Mr. Jim Dilay, Panel ChairMr. Alex Bolton, Panel MemberMr. Les Cooke, Panel Member

CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AGENCY (CEAA):

Charles Birchall, Esq., CEAA CounselMs. Jill Adams, Joint Review Panel ManagerMs. Lucille Jamault, Manager of Communications

ENERGY RESOURCES CONSERVATION BOARD (ERCB):

Gary Perkins, Esq., Board CounselMs. Meighan LaCasse, Board Counsel

Ms. Amanda Black, Hearing CoordinatorMr. Bob Curran, Section Leader, Public Affairs,ERCB Communication

PANEL SECRETARIAT:Mr. Paul AguasMs. Gladys OnovwionaMr. Yetimgeta MihiretuMs. Tara WangMs. Krista BoychukMs. Erin ToughMr. Steven van LingenMr. Don SouthMr. Michael BevanMs. Afshan MahmoodMr. Daniel MartineauMs. Courtney TrevisMr. Jean-Pierre ThonneyMs. Deborah Austin


1022

APPLICANT

Shawn Denstedt, Q.C. ) Shell Canada Ltd.Sander Duncanson, Esq. )Dan Kolenick, Esq. )

INTERVENERS (in alphabetical order):

Eamon Murphy, Esq. ) Athabasca ChipewyanMs. Jenny Biem ) First Nation

Kirk Lambrecht, Q.C. ) Attorney GeneralJames Elford, Esq. ) of Canada

Ms. Donna Deranger ) Donna Deranger) (Self-represented)

Ms. Karin Buss ) Fort McKay First Nation) and Fort McKay Métis) Community Association

Rangi Jeerakathil, Esq. ) Fort McMurray #468 First) Nation

Ms. Anna Johnston ) John Malcolm, the) Non-Status Fort) McMurray/Fort McKay) First Nation and the) Clearwater River Paul) Cree Band #175

Ms. Cynthia Bertolin ) Métis Nation of AlbertaMs. Debbie Bishop ) Region 1 and the

) individuals and groups) named together with) Region 1

Don Mallon, Q.C. ) Mikisew CreeMs. Daniela O'Callaghan ) First Nation

Thomas Rothwell, Esq. ) Minister of Justice and) Attorney General of) Alberta) (No further) participation)


1023

Ms. Karin Buss ) Oil Sands EnvironmentalMs. Melissa Gorrie ) Coalition

Ray Purdy, Q.C. ) Regional Municipality ofMs. Katherine Morianos ) Wood BuffaloTore Purdy, Esq. )

Ms. Chelsea Flook ) Sierra Club Prairie

Ms. Melissa Gorrie ) Keith Stewart(Registering on his behalf) )

Ms. Shaliza Ladha ) Syncrude Canada Ltd.

Ms. Kellie Johnston ) TOTAL E&P Canada Ltd.

Ms. Melissa Gorrie ) Clinton Westman(Registering on his behalf) )

Ms. Melissa Gorrie ) Anna Zalik and(Registering on their behalf) Osume Osuoka

REALTIME COURT REPORTING:

Realtime Connection, Inc.Nancy Nielsen, RPR, RCR, CSR(A)Stephen Gill, OCR


1024

INDEX OF PROCEEDINGS

DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.

SHELL UNDERTAKINGS SPOKEN TO, BYMR. DUNCANSON:

1029

SHELL WITNESS PANEL (RESUMING)(WITNESSES PREVIOUSLY SWORN ORAFFIRMED):

LINDA HAVERSMITCHEL GOODJOHNJASON PLAMONDONDAVID SCHAAFBART KOPPECANDACE BELLMARTIN JALKOTZYGETU BIFTUJERRY VANDENBERGJOAO KUPPERKASEY CLIPPERTONMARK SAWYERMICHAEL MARGERUMMURRAY FITCHROSEMARY BLOISECOLIN MIDDLETONBROCK SIMONSPETER CHAPMANLINDA JEFFERSONWAYNE SPELLERBILL KOVACHDARRELL MARTINDALEJOHN BROADHURSTJEFF ROBERTSMALCOLM MAYES

1031

CROSS-EXAMINATION BY ATHABASCACHIPEWYAN FIRST NATION, BY MS. BIEM(CONTINUING):

1032

MATTERS SPOKEN TO BY THE MÉTIS NATIONOF ALBERTA REGION 1 AND THE INDIVIDUALSAND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITHREGION 1, BY MS. BISHOP:

1068

CROSS-EXAMINATION BY MS. ZALIK: 1069


1025

INDEX OF PROCEEDINGS (CONT'D)

DESCRIPTION PAGENO.

CROSS-EXAMINATION BY SIERRA CLUBPRAIRIE, BY MS. FLOOK

1089

(THE MORNING ADJOURNMENT) 1101

CROSS-EXAMINATION BY THE ATTORNEYGENERAL OF CANADA, BY MR. LAMBRECHT

1101

(RULING) 1142

(THE LUNCHEON ADJOURNMENT)(12:00 P.M. TO 1:00 P.M.)

1142

QUESTIONS BY BOARD STAFF, BYMR. PERKINS:

1166

(THE HEARING ADJOURNED AT 2:45 P.M.)(THE HEARING TO BE RECONVENED ONMONDAY, NOVEMBER 5TH, 2012, AT10:00 A.M.)

1204


1026

INDEX OF EXHIBITS


EXHIBIT 001-080: SHELL CANADA LIMITEDRESPONSE TO UNDERTAKING #8 - SUBMITTEDBY SHELL CANADA ON NOVEMBER 2, 2012 -REQUESTED BY OSEC (MS. BUSS)

1030

EXHIBIT 010-022: WILL-SAY STATEMENT OFMR. FRED FRASER, AN ELDER IN THE FORTCHIPEWYAN MÉTIS COMMUNITY - SUBMITTEDFROM THE MÉTIS NATION ON OCTOBER 25,2012

1068

EXHIBIT 005-023: EXCERPTS FROM "JPMEHEARING - OPENING STATEMENT" MADE BYSHELL PROVIDED BY GOVERNMENT OF CANADADURING CROSS-EXAMINATION OF SHELL(MR. LAMBRECHT)

1117

EXHIBIT 005-024: "BUILDING AN ENERGYFUTURE" ANNUAL REPORT PROVIDED BYGOVERNMENT OF CANADA DURINGCROSS-EXAMINATION OF SHELL(MR. LAMBRECHT)

1121

EXHIBIT 001-081: SHELL UNDERTAKING -EUB AMENDMENTS - REQUESTED BYGOVERNMENT OF CANADA (MR. LAMBRECHT)

1143

EXHIBIT 001-082: SHELL UNDERTAKING -EPEA AMENDMENTS - REQUESTED BYGOVERNMENT OF CANADA (MR. LAMBRECHT)

1143


1027

INDEX OF UNDERTAKINGS


(UNDERTAKING NO. 10 SATISFIED BYMR. ROBERTS)

1031

UNDERTAKING 13: WITH RESPECT TO WHENSHELL WAS DOING THE 2012 UPDATE USINGTHE LATEST, MOST CURRENT AVAILABLE DATAAT THE REGIONAL STUDY AREA SCALE FORTHE 2012 UPDATE, MR. JALKOTZY TOPROVIDE EXACTLY WHAT THAT INFORMATIONWAS THAT SHELL RELIED ON

1050

UNDERTAKING 14: MR. MARTINDALE TOCONFIRM THERE WERE EPEA APPROVALS153125-00-03 AND -04, AND, FOR GREATERCERTAINTY, IF WHEN YOU MAKE YOURINQUIRY IT TURNS OUT THAT THERE MIGHTBE A 05 OR A SUBSEQUENT APPROVAL OF THEAPPEAL APPROVAL, TO CONFIRM

1114

UNDERTAKING 15: MR. BROADHURST TOPRODUCE THE AMENDMENTS TO THE EUB ORERCB LICENCES THAT CURRENTLY EXIST INWHICH SHELL SEEKS AMENDMENT OF FROMTHIS PANEL IN ITS ERCB CAPACITY

1119

UNDERTAKING 16: MR. BROADHURST TO GOBACK AND CHECK TO SEE WHETHER THERE AREANY CONFIDENTIAL MATTERS RELATED TO THELEASES, AND, IF THERE ARE NOT, PROVIDETHOSE LEASES TO MR. LAMBRECHT. ALSO,IF THERE ARE CONFIDENTIAL PIECESREGARDING THAT INFORMATION, TO REDACTTHOSE PIECES OF INFORMATION

1124

UNDERTAKING 17: MR. BROADHURST TOPROVIDE THE EXHIBIT NUMBERS WHERE THECONSULTATION LOGS THAT WERE PROVIDED TOTHE CROWN ARE FOUND AND PROVIDE THEEXHIBIT NUMBERS OF THE DOCUMENTS WHERETHE OUTSTANDING CONCERNS CAN BE FOUND

1146


1028

INDEX OF UNDERTAKINGS (CONT'D)

DESCRIPTION PAGENO.

UNDERTAKING 18: MR. BROADHURST TOPROVIDE THE MINE DISTURBANCE AREA INTHE CONTEXT OF "HOW MUCH OF A TOWNSHIP"

1164

UNDERTAKING 19: WITH RESPECT TO THESTATEMENT BY COUNSEL FOR SHELL THAT THEAPPROVAL OF ALIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR-IN-COUNCIL ISREQUIRED FOR ANY SECTION 13 DECISIONTHAT THE ERCB COMPONENT OF THIS PANELMAY MAKE UNDER THE OIL SANDSCONSERVATION ACT, TO CONSULT WITH SHELLCOUNSEL ABOUT THAT AND ADVISE IF THATREMAINS THE POSITION THAT WAS EXPRESSEDON THE RECORD EARLIER BY YOUR COUNSEL

1165

(UNDERTAKING NO. 19 SATISFIED) 1166

UNDERTAKING 20: MR. SAWYER TO UPDATETHE EXISTING TABLE 27 AND PROVIDE THEUPDATED FIGURES REFLECT THE RECLAMATIONMATERIAL IN THE VOLUME THAT IS BEINGHAULED TO AND REMOVED FROM THESTOCKPILES THAT WILL BE SHOWN IN THEFIGURES 46-3 TO 46-10 THAT ARE GOING TOBE PROVIDED

1175

UNDERTAKING 21: MR. ROBERTS TO CONFIRMTHE SETBACK DISTANCE OF THE SOUTH ETDAFROM SYNCRUDE'S LEASE T30 BOUNDARY

1188

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NOVEMBER 2, 2012

(8:30 A.M.)

THE CHAIRMAN: Good morning, everyone.

Is there any housekeeping?

I have one really quick item. I'd forgotten

if we'd spoken to this scheduling item yesterday,

but if we're still sitting on November the 13th,

and it appears we will be, the Board is available

that morning, that's the Tuesday morning after

Remembrance Day, so that gives us a little more

time than we had otherwise and we would propose to

start at 9:00 a.m. that day.

Mr. Duncanson, you were coming to the

microphone before I interrupted you.

SHELL UNDERTAKINGS SPOKEN TO, BY MR. DUNCANSON:

MR. DUNCANSON: Good morning, Mr. Chairman.

Just two undertakings from yesterday that we would

like to address this morning. The first related to

the inflow sources into the end pit lakes for the

Jackpine Mine and the Jackpine Mine Expansion.

We've provided hard copies of a response to that

undertaking to both the Board, and we will be

providing copies to the back of the room as well.

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THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you, sir. We should

get a number for this.

MR. PERKINS: 001-080, sir.

THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you.

EXHIBIT 001-080: SHELL CANADA LIMITED RESPONSE TO

UNDERTAKING #8 - SUBMITTED BY SHELL CANADA ON

NOVEMBER 2, 2012 - REQUESTED BY OSEC (MS. BUSS)

MR. DUNCANSON: Thank you.

Secondly, Mr. Chairman, there was an

undertaking given to Mr. Malcolm at the end of the

day yesterday from Mr. Roberts. And that related

to the Delta and timing between reclamation

pre-Directive 074 and with the Directive 074 Mine

Plan. And I believe that Mr. Roberts can speak to

that.

A. MR. ROBERTS: Sure. So in the original

Project Application, terrestrial reclamation began

in 2035. And that can be found in EIA Volume 1,

Section 20, Table 20-13. And after the plans were

redone to accommodate Directive 074, terrestrial

reclamation begins in 2025. And that can be found

in the Muskeg River Diversion Alternative. It's in

that JRP SIR46, Table 46-1 from May 2012. So

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1031

Directive 074 actually advanced the beginning of

our terrestrial reclamation by 10 years.

MR. DUNCANSON: Thank you, Mr. Roberts.

(UNDERTAKING NO. 10 SATISFIED BY MR. ROBERTS)

MR. DUNCANSON: Finally, Mr. Chairman, there

was an undertaking given yesterday by Mr. Jalkotzy

with respect to updating moose population

information. And he committed to providing that

Monday morning, and that remains our estimated

timing for that.

THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you, sir.

Any other housekeeping? Ms. Biem?

SHELL WITNESS PANEL (RESUMING) (WITNESSES PREVIOUSLY

SWORN OR AFFIRMED):

LINDA HAVERS

MITCHEL GOODJOHN

JASON PLAMONDON

DAVID SCHAAF

BART KOPPE

CANDACE BELL

MARTIN JALKOTZY

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GETU BIFTU

JERRY VANDENBERG

JOAO KUPPER

KASEY CLIPPERTON

MARK SAWYER

MICHAEL MARGERUM

MURRAY FITCH

ROSEMARY BLOISE

COLIN MIDDLETON

BROCK SIMONS

PETER CHAPMAN

LINDA JEFFERSON

WAYNE SPELLER

BILL KOVACH

DARRELL MARTINDALE

JOHN BROADHURST

JEFF ROBERTS

MALCOLM MAYES

CROSS-EXAMINATION BY ATHABASCA CHIPEWYAN FIRST NATION, BY

MS. BIEM (CONTINUING):

MS. BIEM: Good morning, Mr. Chairman.

Good morning, Panel.

Q. I'm here to conduct a short follow-up

cross-examination of Shell on three matters:

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1033

One would be regarding the May 2007 incident

with the Muskeg River tailings pond.

The second would be cross-examination of

Mr. Jalkotzy now that he's had an opportunity to

review his paper and excerpt of which was entered

as Exhibit 006-021.

And then I have a few follow-up questions

regarding the written undertaking that was provided

yesterday in response to ACFN's written questions

regarding the karst hazard.

And I am quite conscious that there are

several other parties yet to cross-examine, so I'm

going to do my best to be brief. I'll also ask the

Shell panel for their assistance in answering my

questions directly and answering them the first

time that they are asked.

MS. BIEM:

Q. So my first questions are for Mr. Martindale

regarding the May 2007 incident.

A. MR. MARTINDALE: M'mm-hmm.

Q. My understanding is that when the 16 birds died in

the tailings pond, that was because the failure of

Shell's system was that the radio communications

Board failed to send hazing signals to the floats;

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1034

is that correct?

A. MR. MARTINDALE: Yes, that's correct.

Q. Do you have any idea how long the system was down

for?

A. No, I don't, but it said it was corrected

immediately as soon as it was discovered, so that

would have been the next day, because they are on

the pond every day, as I indicated.

Q. And Shell didn't report many dead birds last year,

I believe it was 23 in total for both Muskeg River

and Jackpine Mine; is that correct?

A. Subject to check, that's about correct. At both

Muskeg River and Jackpine, yes.

Q. So 16 dead birds is a comparatively large number of

ducks for Shell all at once, isn't it?

A. 2007 was the highest, our peak year. We had a

total of 26. Yes.

Q. So 16 --

A. So 16 was our biggest single event ever.

Q. So that was a major event for Shell in terms of --

A. That was our worst major event, yes.

Q. And, Mr. Martindale, until recently, you were

Shell's Manager of Environment for both the Muskeg

River Mine and Jackpine Mine; correct?

A. That's correct.

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1035

Q. And did I understand you to say on Tuesday morning

that you were in charge of implementing and

managing the bird deterrence system?

A. Yes, I was the one that found it, installed it and

worked with the developers to build it.

Q. And you were also responsible for implementing and

managing the monitoring systems; correct?

A. That's correct.

Q. But you didn't know about this major incident in

May of 2007, did you?

A. I'm sure I knew about it at the time. I just

didn't recall on the day you asked the question.

Q. It slipped your mind, sir?

A. Yes.

Q. So it's fair to say, then, that your recollection

regarding the efficacy of the deterrent systems

that Shell has in place may not be completely

accurate or complete?

A. No, no, I would say it's very accurate. It's a

system that's been checked by -- we've had it

tested by Dr. Colleen and a Master's student. It's

been published and reviewed by others. It's not

just me. So it's been working very well. And it's

checked and calibrated every year.

Q. And in terms of the evidence you gave on Tuesday

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1036

morning about your personal recollections of how

well the system works, it's fair to say that those

recollections may not be quite complete?

A. Well, that was one incident.

Q. A major incident, agreed?

A. Yeah, agreed.

Q. And you didn't comprehensively review Shell's

internal records regarding the bird deterrence

system and monitoring system or incidents regarding

birds and tailings ponds before you gave your

evidence to the Panel on Tuesday morning, did you?

A. Could you be more specific? Because, yes, I did.

Q. So you did review Shell's records regarding

incidents involving birds and tailings ponds?

A. Oh, not the letters, no. But the numbers of the

birds, yes, I've got here, but there's no

indication of how many per incident.

Q. So it's entirely possible that you are unaware of

other incidents, isn't it?

A. No, every incident is documented.

Q. But you weren't aware of the most major incident

Shell says it's had on its tailings pond, so it's

possible that there are other incidents that you

don't know about; correct?

A. No, that's not correct. Every incident is

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1037

documented and reported. It just so happened I

forgot this incident.

Q. And it's possible that you forgot other incidents

when you gave your evidence on Tuesday morning?

A. No, we have a monitoring crew that is out on it

every day. They don't report to me directly. They

report to the wildlife person. And so day-to-day

activities are based entirely on the monitoring

that is done, the monitoring that's done every day

by the bird crew. So it's not always me that is

sending out the crews, it's done by the wildlife

specialist.

Q. Okay, thank you. I'll move on to Mr. Jalkotzy now.

Okay, and on Tuesday -- good morning.

A. MR. JALKOTZY: Good morning.

Q. On Tuesday we established that you were an author

of a report called "The Effects of Linear

Developments on Wildlife: A Review of Selected

Scientific Literature." Correct?

A. That's correct.

Q. And in that report, in essence, you simply listed

the results from a wide range of studies and while

some studies found no relationship between linear

disturbance and zone of influence, most studies did

in fact find that there should be a zone of

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1038

influence in the hundreds of metres; correct?

A. Yes. And I add to that there were zones of

influence that were quite species-specific as well

as taking into account that there were also

disturbance coefficients associated with that with

each zone of influence. And what that means is

that within your zone of influence, the actual use

of that area can vary, and it can vary from

slightly less than what you expect to much more

than that. And so an example would be if you have

a disturbance coefficient of point five, let's say,

that means that that habitat within the zone of

influence is used half the time by the animals that

you'd expect to be there, or half the animals,

let's say, use it all the time. So it, although

we're talking about a zone of influence, we're not

talking about an area that is completely avoided by

wildlife.

Q. And even back in 1997 there was an overwhelming

amount of evidence that a zone of influence did

exist on either side of the linear disturbance;

correct?

A. It's a well accepted fact that there are zones of

influence on linear disturbance. I can also add

that those zones of influence vary a lot depending

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1039

on a lot of different factors.

Q. And is it also a well accepted fact that a zone of

influence should be factored into an assessment of

the impacts of linear development on wildlife?

A. Yes.

Q. I'm just going to refresh your memory. On Tuesday,

I just went through some highlights of your report,

so Section 5.2, the report states that -- are you

there, sir?

A. Yes, I am. 5.2, Habitat Avoidance.

Q. Yes.

"Habitat in the vicinity of

the corridor is effectively lost.

Fragmentation of the landscape may

occur if avoidance of disturbance

corridors prevents wildlife from

fully using land on either side of

a corridor."

A. Yes, that's correct. And again, though, I would

say that you have to take that into the context of

what I just said about effectiveness within a zone

of influence.

Q. So I believe what you just said was that habitat is

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1040

not necessarily lost?

A. Well, it's not entirely lost.

Q. Okay. And what you said in your 1997 report was

that "Habitat in the vicinity of the corridor is

effectively lost"; correct?

A. Well, if you look at this report, and as you

stated, it's a long report. And this is a

particular summary where certainly I use those

words, "effectively lost," but I'll just qualify

that. And if you look elsewhere in the document,

let's say under "grizzly bears," there's a table

that indicates the zones of influence and the

disturbance coefficients that go along with it.

Q. And at Section 5.3, the report states:

"This disturbance may take

several forms such as the

displacement of wildlife from the

corridor into adjacent habitats

that are already occupied by other

individuals of the same species,

changes in group structure for

gregarious species, or differential

mortality of classes as a result of

the disturbance corridor."

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1041

Correct?

A. Yes, that's correct.

Q. And at Section 5.5, the report states:

"Disturbance corridors may

also be important contributors to

indirect mortality. Indirect

mortality is typically associated

with human access."

And just at the next sentence:

"... once a disturbance

corridor is present, human access

generally leads to additional

mortality due to hunting, trapping,

poaching and management actions.

Predators such as wolves may

benefit from the presence of the

disturbance corridor in a similar

way."

A. Yes. And, again, I would like to state that this

is in this one particular section and if you look

at the rest of the report, and you take that all

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1042

into account, those items are going to vary quite a

bit on the type of corridor. So if you're looking

at the smaller cut lines that are done nowadays

that are used once by exploration crews in the

winter, they often don't see any use. Whereas, of

course, on the other end of the scale, roads have

greater effects.

Q. And when you say a small cut line such as those

used today, how wide would such a cut line be that

you're referring to?

A. Well, we're talking about the 3D seismic is the

smallest and, I mean, it varies a bit, but I think

it can be from 1.5 to 3.5 metres.

Q. Okay.

A. And they tend to be meandering, avoiding large

trees, that kind of thing.

Q. But as a general principle, it's clear from your

paper that wildlife avoid linear development;

correct?

A. Well, again, that's a very broad generalization.

You can say that, but when it comes down to the

actual effects on the landscape on wildlife, you do

have to start taking into account what in

particular you're talking about when you're talking

about linear development. I mean, there's a figure

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1043

at the beginning of the report, I think it's

Figure 2, that describes the kinds of linear

developments that we're talking about, and it has

everything from a twinned highway to down to a

trail. And there are huge differences in the

actual effects; I mean it's a gradient.

Q. I'd like to refer you to Exhibit 001-07OO filed by

Shell. That's Environment Canada's 2012 Recovery

Strategy for the Woodland Caribou, Boreal

population, in Canada.

A. Why don't you ask the question, and we are pulling

it up, but I think you can carry on.

Q. At page 14, or PDF page 26 of that report, when

discussing their disturbance analysis, Environment

Canada states:

"The total disturbance

footprint was measured as the

combined effects of fire that has

occurred in the past 40 years and

buffered (500 m) anthropogenic

disturbance defined as any

human-caused disturbance to the

landscape that could be visually

identified from Landsat imagery at

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1044

a scale of 1:50,000 although the

effect of anthropogenic disturbance

varies for individual ranges (i.e.,

in some ranges extending up to

14 km), Environment Canada

demonstrated that the application

of a 500 m buffer to mapped

anthropogenic features best

represents the combined effects of

increased predation and avoidance

on caribou population trends at the

national scale."

Sir, would you agree that the 500-metre

buffer used by Environment Canada in its Recovery

Plan is an adequate buffer to be used when defining

disturbance in relation to caribou?

A. I think that Environment Canada has decided to use

the 500 metres and it is, as far as a zone of

influence, I think it's a reasonable application of

the science that we have. The one thing that they

didn't do, and I can refer you to Simon Dyer's

work, where he looked at the zones of influence,

and that's where I say it looks like that

500 metres is approximately a good place to end up,

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1045

but one of the things that they don't do in the

Environment Canada work is they assume that it's

completely avoided, and if you look at Simon Dyer's

work, that wasn't the case. And so in that sense,

by assuming that it's a completely avoided area is

a conservative assessment of undisturbed habitat.

Simon found that there certainly was use

within those 500 metres and in some cases the zones

of influence were smaller, in some cases they were

larger.

So, again, the zone of influence of 500

metres I think is good, it's very conservative to

say, though, that there is no use at all in that

zone.

Q. And have you done any direct research or published

yourself on the subject of the impact of linear

disturbance on wildlife since 1997?

A. Well, I've followed the literature, not really

closely. I haven't published myself on it. I've

done some work along those lines, but not in any

great way, no.

The one thing that I would add as well is

that the Project is not in a caribou range. I

think we've covered that ground, though.

Q. Yes.

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1046

So have you determined for yourself what the

level of displacement is for various types of

wildlife that would be found on Shell's lease in

relation to development corridors?

A. I haven't determined it for myself, but what we

have used is recommendations from Environment

Canada regarding zones of influence for a number of

different species.

Q. And what zones of influence did you apply?

A. One minute, please. So of course, as I've said

earlier, the zones of influence will vary quite a

bit, but the Environment Canada recommendations

that we went with, and again were species-specific,

I won't get into the details, but they varied

between 50 and 300 metres. I think the 300 metres

were applied to a variety of federally-listed

birds.

Q. And any sense of what you applied the 50 metres to?

A. So the 50 metres was applied to, and again, I

talked earlier about the different kinds of

disturbance, so we also have different zones of

influence and disturbance coefficients associated

with different kinds of disturbance, and so I think

the 50 metres, if I remember correctly, was

associated with low disturbance for particular bird

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1047

species, so, you know, the lowest form of

disturbance for particular species.

Q. And I would like to refer you now, sir, to Figure 2

of Appendix 4 of Shell's May Response to the Joint

Review Panel Information Request. And that's

Exhibit 001-015O at PDF page 2.

A. Sorry, could you please repeat the Appendix.

Q. Yes, it's Appendix 4.

A. Go ahead.

Q. So the data presented in this figure is based on

Altalis data, correct, the disturbance data?

A. Sorry, just to confirm, we're looking at Figure 2,

which is bard owl habitat suitability in the

Regional Study Area?

Q. Yes.

A. Yes, I believe that's correct.

Q. And maybe you can just confirm for everybody --

A. Sorry, it is Altalis data, but my counterpart here

was just saying that it's actually a combination of

a number of different data sets, including the

Altalis data.

Q. Oh, okay.

A. I mean, just to briefly summarize. The regional

disturbance layer that we're using here starts with

the Altalis data, and then pulls in some other

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1048

sources to create that disturbance layer.

Q. Okay. So the figure itself just says:

"Alberta digital data

obtained from Altalis Ltd.,

Government of Alberta 2004 to

2011."

Could you please explain where else the data

came from, what your other data sources are for the

disturbance layer?

A. I'm not as familiar with that aspect of it, so I

would take an undertaking to give you that answer.

Q. Thank you. So it may be that you have to take

undertakings for the rest of these questions as

well?

A. Well, let's give it a try.

Q. I just wanted to confirm that the Altalis data used

came from a seven-year spread, 2004 to 2011,

because Altalis doesn't update images for the

entire area every year; is that correct?

A. Yes, I'm sorry, these are GIS questions that are

quite detailed, so I would be guessing if I was

answering. So no, I don't know.

Q. Okay. So can we get an undertaking for this series

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1049

of questions?

MR. DENSTEDT: So let's find out what the

list of questions are and then maybe I can hear why

we need to do this.

MS. BIEM: Sure.

Q. The next question is whether all of the data

presented in the map was actually current to 2011

and whether it may in fact not represent the

current state of disturbance in the RSA because

Altalis data is a fairly high resolution data set.

But if you are to go and look at the bottom -- hang

on. So on Figure 2. And in either the Base Case

or the Planned Development Case, if you look at the

bottom right-hand corner of it, so if you locate

Kearl Lake and go east, and north slightly, you'll

see that there are a lot of disturbance dots.

A. Yes, go ahead.

Q. But there's no --

MR. DENSTEDT: Before we move on, we're not

prepared to give those undertakings, sir. These

are questions that could have easily been asked

earlier. They don't relate to the information in

the paper, the specific question.

MS. BIEM: In fact, if you would have

let me finish with the next question, it would be

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1050

very clear how they are relevant.

Q. The reason I'm asking is that the linear

disturbances aren't shown in that corner of the

map.

A. Well, I can say that when we were doing the 2012

Update that we used the latest, most current

available data at the Regional Study Area scale for

the 2012 Update.

Q. And so, you know what, I'm actually content to

leave it at that if you provide the undertaking to

provide exactly what that information was that

Shell relied on.

MR. DENSTEDT: That sounds reasonable, sir.

UNDERTAKING 13: WITH RESPECT TO WHEN SHELL WAS

DOING THE 2012 UPDATE USING THE LATEST, MOST

CURRENT AVAILABLE DATA AT THE REGIONAL STUDY AREA

SCALE FOR THE 2012 UPDATE, MR. JALKOTZY TO PROVIDE

EXACTLY WHAT THAT INFORMATION WAS THAT SHELL

RELIED ON

MS. BIEM:

Q. So, Mr. Jalkotzy, do you agree that the density of

linear development is increasing and is likely to

keep on increasing in Shell's RSA?

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1051

A. So I would agree with the statement that it's

increasing. You'd have to clarify "is likely to

keep on increasing".

Q. Based on the Planned Development Case that Shell

used to assess cumulative impacts, does it seem

likely that linear disturbance will continue to

increase?

A. So I think that we've presented our Planned

Development Case. Beyond that, I can't comment on

whether or not it will increase beyond that. The

Planned Development Case is as it's stated in our

documentation.

Q. So did Shell include any increase of lines in your

cumulative effects analysis -- sorry, any increase

of linear disturbance in your cumulative effects

analysis?

A. So when you say "increased" certainly in the

Planned Development Case, you can see that there

are new linear developments that are included. In

addition to that, when we're looking at seismic

exploration, we currently haven't explicitly

included that in the Planned Development Case.

However, the reason that they're not currently

included has to do with the certainty and the

availability of those data. Each company has

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1052

records of their completed seismic activities, but

the knowledge of future seismic is really difficult

to come by even from within companies. So if

you're looking at a Regional Study Area, the, you

know, the ability to pull that together is

daunting, to put it mildly, if we can't get it from

an individual company six months out.

The other thing that I would say is that when

you look at the information that we have on the

various leases in the Planned Development Case, in

the cases where -- and now we're talking

particularly about in-situ, really, in the Planned

Development Case -- we're talking about in some

cases we have the footprint and if you look at that

figure you'll see some of the Planned Development

Case projects are indicated as a footprint, to the

degree that we know now represent what will occur

on the landscape.

However, in other cases where we don't know

it, we've just blocked off the whole lease and

called it disturbance.

So in that sense, when you look at the larger

picture, the fact that we haven't explicitly

included it, but it is implicitly included in a

number of the leases, and actually overcompensated

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1053

in some ways because, even with exploration, we're

never going to be disturbing an entire lease.

At the end of the day, I think that we've

covered it off.

I mean, if we use the numbers that Dr. Komers

has come up with himself, that seismic exploration,

I think the number was subject to check, 3 percent

is the number he came up for the RSA, if you look

at that, and take into account that we haven't

included it in some cases but we've overcompensated

in others. And I can point you to a number of

examples if you'd like.

Q. Yes, please.

A. So let me just find my list here.

So within the Planned Development Case

currently -- sorry, just a sec. It's Cenovus

Borealis, Southern Pacific Phases I and II, Suncor

Mackay Expansion - Phase II, Sunshine Legend Lake,

Sunshine Thickwood - Phase I, Canadian Natural

Birch Mountain East, E-T Energy Poplar Creek.

Those are examples of entire leases that have been

blocked off as disturbance, and yet they are

in-situ that are not going to end up with the whole

leases disturbed.

So again, going back to Dr. Komers'

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1054

three percent, in all likelihood, what we're

looking at is something less than that. So if you

add that into the current disturbance that we have

identified in the Planned Development Case, it

doesn't add substantively to it.

Q. And I did hear you correctly a few moments ago when

you said it's a daunting task and you're not

actually able to gather the amount of seismic

exploration in winter drilling disturbance data; is

that correct, is that what you said?

A. I said in the future. Individual companies

certainly know what they've done, that can be

gathered, but --

Q. And did Shell gather that?

A. Sorry?

Q. Did Shell gather that information?

A. So we have gathered what we can, but we certainly

don't have what is publicly avail -- what isn't

publicly available.

And then again, in the Planned Development

Case moving forward, we also, as I indicated

earlier, that would be a very difficult task and

really there's a whole lot of uncertainty

associated with it.

When we're looking at seismic on any

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1055

individual lease, that's going to vary both

spatially as well as in extent depending on the

resource that they have underneath.

Q. So Shell's just kind of taken a guess that if they

include certain SAGD or in-situ leases as totally

disturbed, that will compensate for an unknown

number of winter drilling and seismic exploration

programs throughout the RSA?

A. No, I don't think we can say that we've just taken

a guess.

Q. Do you have something to say?

A. No.

Q. I saw the huddle. Okay.

So could you please explain, then, how Shell

arrived at the conclusion that by blocking off

certain SAGD leases as disturbed, it somehow

compensates for all of the linear disturbance that

may occur through seismic and winter drilling

programs in the Planned Development Case within the

entire RSA?

A. Well, I think we have to back up from that. I have

explained how we came to the conclusion, and I

wouldn't characterize it as a guess. Having said

that, again, we're talking about something

3 percent or less. And I would say it certainly is

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1056

less than that. Because, again, looking at that

3 percent that was used, that was by buffering all

of the seismic with 250 metres on either side with

complete avoidance of that area by wildlife, which

actually doesn't occur either.

Q. And are you aware of whether any linear

developments have been restored to pre-disturbance

conditions?

A. One minute please. So can you repeat the question

just to make sure we have it on the record?

Q. Are you aware of any linear development which has

been restored to pre-disturbance conditions?

A. So there are a number of programs going on in the

Regional Study Area, actually in the oil sands

region. Now, we're talking about that are

reclaiming seismic lines and cut lines. And we

certainly are -- the approach that's being taken is

to return them to what is on either side of the cut

lines, so if it's a Jackpine stand that the cut

line or the linear disturbance goes through, that

we're trying to replicate that, as well as a black

spruce bog, I know that there's work going on

there.

This is a program that's being carried out by

industry, what was OSLI, the Oil Sands Leadership

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1057

Initiative, and now is being carried on by COCIA

called "Faster Forests."

In addition, if you look at the extent of

seismic and linear, and particularly 3D seismic, on

the landscape, I've mentioned that that seismic is

meandering, it's very narrow, and in the cases

where it, let's say, crosses a wetland, these are

programs that are done in winter. And so

effectively, you know -- and it's a one-pass --

typically, it's a one-pass program, that winter,

and in one winter, sorry. And so from the

perspective of reclaiming those lines, they will

naturally grow in very quickly.

And so in that sense -- and then that's the

whole point of having that minimal disturbance for

those lines, is that they do come back quite

naturally themselves.

And I would argue that when it comes to

wetlands there actually isn't an impact even though

we have them within the disturbance footprint.

Q. So Dr. Jalkotzy, can you please give me some

specific examples of where things that regenerated

naturally and quickly to a pre-disturbance

condition?

A. Well, I would argue that whenever any seismic

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1058

line -- sorry, I'll back up. Any 3D seismic that's

minimal disturbance, the sort of 1.5 to 2.0, 2.5

metre lines, when they are crossing a wetland

that's frozen in the winter, that there isn't any

reclamation that needs to go on with that, that you

aren't going to have an impact past that one pass,

the disturbance at the time.

And in the case of forests, I know that I've

walked myself across cut line, these 3D seismic

lines, and given that they meander around large

trees, and I mean, there is mulching that goes on,

there's no soil disturbance, those grow in very

quickly. And I've seen that myself.

Q. And are you aware of the proportion of 3D seismic

that's employed compared to conventional seismic

within the RSA?

A. I'm sorry, are you talking about what's on the

landscape now, the future?

Q. What's on the landscape now, yes.

A. I don't know a specific number, but if you look at

the --

Q. Thank you.

A. -- areas, it would appear that 3D seismic is much

more common than conventional seismic.

Q. Okay. Thanks. I'll just move on. I have just a

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1059

few questions about the written undertaking that

was provided yesterday on the subject of the karst

geo-hazard, and I believe it would be for you,

Mr. Mayes.

So I'm just going to ask questions where I

feel like the undertaking didn't in fact answer

them.

So question one was to:

"Provide details on the

status of geo-hazard management,

(karst), in the Muskeg River and

Jackpine Mines and explain what

specific knowledge gained in those

mines Shell intends to transfer to

the geo-hazard management in the

proposed JME."

And the answer was:

"The geohazard management

assessments will be completed at

the Jackpine Mine Expansion in

future."

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1060

So could you please tell me when those will

be completed?

A. MR. MAYES: So if the Application for

the development is approved, then we would move to

complete those activities.

Q. So after approval?

A. Correct.

Q. Any sense of how long after approval?

A. Within one to two years after approval.

Q. And for Question number 2:

"Describe the specific data

sets that each investigative method

will generate and how these data

sets and methods complement each

other to yield mapping of the

Devonian features."

In your response, you listed a number of

investigative techniques. Do you have specific

data sets that will be generated from those?

A. So when subsurface techniques are used to determine

the structure, very, very considerable amounts of

raw data are developed. Huge volumes of data for

example come from 3D seismic techniques. That data

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1061

is then run through proprietary equations to

actually determine the exact nature of the

landforms beneath the surface, and then those

results are interpreted by professional engineers.

Q. So you're not able to tell us which data sets will

be generated?

A. We're talking about extremely large data sets that

flow from each of the investigative methods that

are listed, so I'm not sure specifically, you know,

what you're after.

Q. Okay. All right.

I'm moving on to, SIR 5b, question 2:

"Which oilsands companies

have agreed to share related data

(and for which locations) and will

those data be made available for

independent review."

And could you please answer the question of

whether these data will be made available for

independent review?

A. So as the answer indicates, Shell has entered into

agreements with a number of industry participants

to share our data with them and their data with us.

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1062

The reason for that is, the reason for entering

into those commitments is the data is extremely

expensive to obtain. So we're encouraging

companies to obtain data and then share it.

The data is shared with Alberta Energy and

the ERCB. We also have a panel of expert

independent people who have reviewed the data on

behalf of Shell. And so we consider that we have

involved independent third parties.

Q. And if ACFN were to have a consultant or expert who

wished to review that data, would it be made

available?

A. The raw data that would come from the various

techniques is made available to Alberta Energy and

can be obtained. So it's a matter of contacting

them. Unfortunately, however, the data is very

difficult to interpret in its raw form and requires

proprietary techniques to turn it into useful

information.

Q. And Question 4 was:

"What depth of buffer is left

in place in high risk areas?"

And I take it that Shell -- and the answer

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1063

was:

"That the depth of the

buffers is dependent on the nature

of the specifics of the identified

hazard."

So I take it that Shell hasn't yet turned its

mind to an appropriate depth of buffer because

Shell hasn't identified the hazards yet; correct?

A. So a hazard may have many forms, and it may present

a very small risk or a substantial risk. And so if

a decision is made to leave a buffer over that

hazard as a way of mitigating that risk, then that

is an option, but the depth of buffer that would be

left is directly dependent on the size of the risk.

So I can't give a generic answer. It depends on

the specific nature of that risk.

Q. And has Shell identified the risks present beneath

the JPME lease yet?

A. No. As I said, Shell will undertake the geo-hazard

protocol process on the JPME area after approval,

most likely within one to two years.

Q. And moving on to SIR 5c, Question 1:

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1064

"Discuss the relative

effectiveness of intact native

in-situ material versus placed

capping deposits in inhibiting

water releases through the Devonian

layer."

And the answer was that both, you know, both

can be used to inhibit water releases, both options

are considered to be effective.

Are they considered to be equally effective?

A. Yes, so, you know, if a hazard is identified, and

we are then able to quantify the risk that that

hazard presents, possible solutions involve leaving

in-situ material in place or applying a capping

material either directly into the subsurface

passage or on top of the subsurface passage. Both

have equally competent ways of managing a

particular situation.

Q. Would it be easier to engineer leaving native

in-situ materials in place than trying to cap a

fracture that's already underwater?

A. Not necessarily, no.

Q. Okay.

A. If a fracture is already underwater, as is the case

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1065

in Cell 2A, placing capping materials on to the

fracture is not a particularly onerous task.

Leaving in-situ materials in place is likewise not

a particularly onerous task. It's really

situation-dependent.

Q. Okay, thanks. I'm moving on to SIR 5c, question 5:

"Provide evidence that

demonstrates that Shell's approach

in addressing the Cell 2A rupture

has been successful elsewhere

around the world."

And your answer refers to the U.S. Corps. of

Army Engineers and just that there's a broad

variety of this type of problem.

But I'm wondering if you can give concrete

examples of where the specific approach Shell has

employed has actually worked elsewhere.

A. So the specific approach that Shell has currently

employed in Cell 2A is to build dams around the

fracture point, or the passage point, and then

allow the water level to rise such that the

downward pressure equals the upward aquifer

pressure. We then placed construction material, so

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1066

earth and construction material, into the pond to

the point where the flow has ceased. That's a very

unique solution to the current Cell 2A issue.

We are currently drilling into the fracture

zones to get cores out of the fractures so that we

can determine what is the optimum way to seal it

long-term.

We have a range of techniques that could be

used. We could inject hot bitumen into the

fracture zone, we could inject cement, or a range

of polymer-type materials. All of those materials

are used throughout the world to seal tunnels and

mine passages.

And internet searches can quite simply find

hundreds of examples of those particular techniques

being used.

Q. And my last question is SIR 5d, question 10. And

the question was:

"Discuss the potential for

rupture contamination from the

Methy aquifer to affect the water

quality of pit lakes."

And the answer was:

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1067

"Shell believes there's no

potential for contamination of

Shell's pit lakes due to ruptures

from the Methy aquifer."

And, sir, I'm wondering what empirical data

you can tell me supports Shell's belief.

A. So in the empirical data, in the history of the oil

sands mining industry, Shell and the other

companies that I mentioned or that are mentioned in

this document have not experienced a fracture

through the Devonian substrate to the point where a

passage of saline fluid has flowed. So the Cell 2A

event is unique in industry.

Our end pit lakes or end pit lake at the end

of a mine process will be constructed in areas that

will have been mined. If we have determined that

there's no passageways of fluid through the

Devonian substrate whilst we're mining, we are of

the belief that there would be no passage of saline

fluid through that substrate into any kind of lake

structure that's left at the end of mine closure.

Q. So it's just based on Shell's opinion?

A. You asked me for empirical evidence, so I gave you

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1068

the empirical evidence.

MS. BIEM: Thanks. I'm done. Thank

you, Mr. Chairman.

THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you, Ms. Biem.

Ms. Bishop, did you have something?

MATTERS SPOKEN TO BY THE MÉTIS NATION OF ALBERTA REGION 1

AND THE INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITH

REGION 1, BY MS. BISHOP:

MS. BISHOP: Yes, I am still waiting for

an exhibit number for Mr. Fraser's Will-Say

Statement, if that's what you were meaning.



EXHIBIT 010-022: WILL-SAY STATEMENT OF MR. FRED

FRASER, AN ELDER IN THE FORT CHIPEWYAN MÉTIS

COMMUNITY - SUBMITTED FROM THE MÉTIS NATION ON

OCTOBER 25, 2012

MS. BISHOP: And while I'm here, because I

won't be here next week, I have had a discussion

with Shell, we are making some changes to our

witness list and we're going to let them know as

soon as possible. Some of my witnesses can't come

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1069

and there's two Elders that we think would like to

come, so I just wanted to put that on the record.

Thank you, sir.


MR. DENSTEDT: And we have no concerns with

that.


Is Ms. Flook for Sierra Club Prairie present?

I take it not.

Is Ms. Zalik present?

MS. ZALIK: Good morning, Mr. Chair. I

just had a couple of questions with regard to the

discussions of two days ago.

CROSS-EXAMINATION BY MS. ZALIK:

Q. So the first question concerns the bird-monitoring

program at the University of Alberta that I believe

Mr. Martindale referred to. And I find the

document which was the 2011 report of that program

on CEAA but I'm not sure if it's for this Project,

because I couldn't find it in the file list. But

in any case, it was referred to in the Volume 4

documentation, 104 to 106, pages 104-106 of the

PDF.

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1070

So with regard to that report that was

prepared by the University of Alberta researchers,

according to the report, Shell hired Hatfield

Consultants at one point to carry out their

observations. Can you explain why Hatfield

Consultants was hired?

A. MR. MARTINDALE: First of all, I'd like to

find that report just to make sure that we're

talking off the same page.

Q. Sure. Okay.

A. So it's in the CEAA Registry?

Q. It is, but I'm not sure if it's for this

particular, for the JPME or for Pierre River.

A. This was the?

Q. It turns up as Appendix -- let me check.

A. The report I have here is the 2011 Annual Report

for the bird monitoring program.

Q. That's right.

A. Yes, this was prepared by Colleen St. Clair and her

team. So the question was?

Q. At one point Shell hired Hatfield Consultants and I

was just wondering if you could provide detail as

to why they were hired to conduct the program.

A. They were hired primarily as they were available.

And the office manager, Laura, is a Ph.D.

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1071

ornithologist and so we felt she would be able to

best select and train the staff to do the bird

monitoring.

Q. Okay. Just to specify, the report indicates that

Shell had been previously conducting those

observations and then Hatfield Consultants was

hired, so I'm wondering why a consultancy was hired

to carry out the observation?

A. Right. We initially did the observations with our

own staff and hired people to do that. But as the

season went through, we found it was probably

better to hire professional ornithologists. The

people we were using were the bird crew, so they

were very good at picking birds -- well, they were

the same people that chased the birds when they

landed on the pond, so they were -- they preferred

if they could keep to just chasing the birds and

leave the monitoring to professionals.

Q. Okay. There's a key finding that's identified on

page 3 of that report with regard to the bird

monitoring program.

A. In the Executive Summary?

Q. That's right. And it reads:

"Substantial variation in

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1072

bird detections was apparent among

operators. Whereas [University of

Alberta] observers detected an

average of over 50 individuals per

hour, Imperial, Shell and Suncor

clustered around 10 individuals per

hour, and CNRL and Syncrude

approached zero. Large variation

also occurred among operators in

the number of individuals recorded

for particular species, including

several species at risk (e.g., barn

swallow, horned grebe, lesser

scaup) and particularly common

species (e.g., the common raven,

mallard). Some of these

differences would be accounted for

by more extensive survey effort by

some observers and some might be

accounted for by actual variation

in bird presence among sites.

Substantial remaining variation

appears to be due to unintended

inter-observer variation."

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1073

So I'm just wondering if those variations

were one of the reasons why consultants were hired

to carry out the monitoring?

A. Well, as I indicated, we felt that it was better to

have people who were trained to do the work. We

still had the radar system which was detecting

birds and presence. But this monitoring program

was more about the intent was to catch the

fly-overs, the landings in the area of the various

ponds and waterbodies, so it wasn't just tailings

ponds, it was on lakes and that. And so our bird

crews typically are chasing the birds that would

land on the pond, so your ducks and geese, and

could probably identify to that. But barn swallows

and other birds that typically wouldn't land on a

tailings pond, they didn't identify, so it was

better to have people who could identify better.

Q. So you would agree with the finding of the report

that there was substantial variation in bird

detections between the operators and the University

of Alberta team?

A. Definitely, yes.

Q. Okay.

A. Yes.

Q. So this would suggest, then, that there would be

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1074

need for perhaps independent monitors to be

involved with conducting these kinds of

observations?

A. I believe that's -- independent isn't the problem,

it's how much they can identify the species that

you're looking for in this program. So the more

trained a person is to identify a flit and, you

know, how quickly they can identify the species,

that was the intent of this is to count numbers and

identify individual species. And so with a trained

person that's much easier to do and much better,

yes.

Q. One of the key recommendations of that report was

that there be a study of the inter-observer

variation?

A. Yes.

Q. So is there within the plans that Shell has for the

mine expansion funding for different kinds of

independent observers to be monitoring Shell's own

research with regard to waterfowl and other

species?

A. So as I mentioned earlier, this is a three-year

program that is being done, so for this next three

years, well, the next year, so this year's over,

they are looking at inter-site variation

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1075

and inter-lake and waterbody variation. And so at

the end of the three years, we're hoping that there

will be a risk assessment done. And so sites where

there's a higher risk, then you have a certain

deterrent and perhaps a certain amount of

observations. Perhaps at the end of the three

years, it will be confirmed that, well, so what if

we count a hundred birds flying overhead, they are

not landing, so it doesn't matter. So that's what

we're waiting for is at the end of the three years,

what will happen.

So what I can say is that Shell will conform

with any monitoring plan that is recommended at the

end of this program.

Q. So within the plans for the current Jackpine Mine

Expansion, is there contemplated or made available

funding for independent observation of Shell's

monitoring practices?

A. Well, that's part of this program.

Q. Yes, no, I'm not necessarily asking about the

program. Just leading from the program, given the

conclusions of the program, is that included in the

scope of what is proposed by Shell for monitoring,

that there would be independent monitors examining

their monitoring procedures?

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1076

A. Well, that's something we do on an annual basis, so

I don't, I don't budget -- there's no operating

budget for five years from now. If it's required,

it will be budgeted for and we will have the

appropriate people and deterrents in place.

Q. So at present it's not part --

A. At present it's not, but at present we're paying

for the independent monitors and the inter-variant

studies, yes.

Q. As among other funders, "to this project" you mean

this project at the University of Alberta?

A. So the University of Alberta, through the funding

that they have, they have monitors that are going

from site to site. We don't pay for them. But the

monitors like the Hatfield, we pay for them to do

the monitoring on our site, which is over and above

our normal monitoring and bird deterrents.

Q. But they are contracted by Shell, so it's not an --

A. That's right, Hatfield are contracted, yeah, right.

Q. And then I have an additional question with

relationship to the -- I had it right here,

actually -- this is the pamphlet that Shell

provides with regard to this Project, the Jackpine

Mine Expansion. I guess it's sort of the

informational material for the public at large.

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1077

So I'm just wondering at page 4, the

description that Shell has of possible energy

supply in 2050. Where does that information --

from where does that information derive?

A. MR. BROADHURST: So what we do globally from a

Royal Dutch Shell perspective is that we do a broad

scan of the future situation, what the supply

demand picture will look like. We gather

information from our own internal sources as well

as, as you know, there's a broad range of

independent studies that are done that are looking

at predicting future energy supply and demand, but

that's Shell's view, based on our own internal

assessment, as well as cross-checked to a number of

independent assessments.

Q. So the information that's presented here is Shell's

perspective on what the future consumption of

fossil fuels and nuclear versus renewables, how it

may appear in 2050?

A. And if you look at all of the independent

think-tank studies that are out there, what you'll

see is that that conclusion is very consistent.

Q. Well, there are some assessments as to what the

implications of that kind of breakdown would be for

climate change as well that are quite disturbing.

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1078

But I'm wondering, then, in this case, what

one would describe as "speculative information," is

that the corporate term that's used for information

that's not confirmed for future, is "speculative"

the correct word that's used in, you know, in

auditing?

A. Well, I think there's probably two points. One

would be a forecast or an estimate, and that's

usually based on some data and some analysis, which

is what we have in our Shell scenarios and the

information you were discussing. Speculation from

my perspective is where you don't have data and

you're just offering an opinion or potentially an

uninformed opinion. So what we have is we have

data-analysis-based views and that would be a

forecast.

Q. I just wanted to quickly read from a comment made

by one of the co-authors of some of the scenarios

from the 1990s who writes that:

"The scenario process

teaches...",

And the next part is in quotes:

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1079

"... Shell managers to think

mythologically and causally, to see

every major local or world event as

potentially located in a story, and

to make on-the-spot business and

policy decisions based on what they

know about where that story would

lead if allowed to play itself out.

Thus the scenarios play an integral

role in Shell's futures planning."

Would you agree with that statement?

MR. DENSTEDT: Can we have the source?

MS. ZALIK: Sure. This is Robbie

Davis-Floyd. It's a 1998 publication in an edited

volume, published by the University of Chicago,

which is one of the top publishers in anthropology,

and the book title is "Corporate Futures: The

Diffusion of the Culturally Sensitive Corporate

Form". And the editor is George Marcus.

A. MR. BROADHURST: Okay, I don't have that

in front of me, obviously, but can you restate your

question?

Q. Sure. So I was wondering if you would agree with

this analysis of the -- of her analysis of the role

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1080

that the Shell scenarios play in the planning. So

she writes: "Shell managers" -- "The scenario

process teaches...", and then the next part is

direct citation:

"Shell managers to think

mythologically and causally, to see

every major local or world event as

potentially located in a story, and

to make on-the-spot business and

policy decisions based on what they

know about where that story would

lead if allowed to play itself out.

Thus these scenarios play an

integral role in Shell's futures

planning."

A. Well, so it's a bit difficult without having the

context for the reference, but I've been a Shell

manager for over 30 years so maybe I can tell you

how we use scenarios and that may be useful in

terms of any discussion you'd like to have.

What Shell does is we do do scenario

planning. And what that's intended to do is it's

intended to get people away from having a

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1081

single-point view on how the world could unfold,

because there are so many factors that could come

into play that that becomes difficult. And so from

a scenario-planning point of view, what we do as

Shell senior managers is we try and identify what

might be divergent but plausible ways that the

world could unfold.

And our current scenarios within Shell, we

have what we call a scramble and a blueprint

scenario. The scramble scenario being one where,

on issues like climate change, for example, you

have disparate policies globally, you have

disparate responses by different governments and

different industries, and that wouldn't be our

preferred scenario.

And then we have a blueprint scenario that

looks at a world where people are much more focused

around common goals and able to put policy in place

that's aligned and aligned across country borders.

From a Shell senior manager's point of view,

where the scenarios are helpful is in trying to

understand, you know, what is actually happening

externally, how does that map to those scenarios

what we see, and what actions might we need to take

to be able to respond.

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1082

So if you think about coming closer to home

again, how those might influence us, one of the

things that we see is we see a need for Shell and

for industry to take leadership in the

environmental area. We don't see as much cohesion

from a policy point of view. And so that's why

we've been so focused on taking --

Q. Excuse me.

A. -- taking --

Q. Yeah.

A. Sorry, if I could just finish. Is that okay?

Q. Sorry, no, there was a word I didn't understand

that you said. That's why.

A. Yes, sorry, ask.

Q. But it was -- you said something about a policy

point of view. Was the word "cohesion" that you

had said?

A. Yes, "cohesive".

Q. "Cohesive". Okay.

A. Now I've lost my train of thought.

Q. Apologies. I'm sorry.

A. Was that deliberate?

Q. No, it wasn't actually.

A. Okay. I just wanted to check.

So, again, coming closer to home, when we

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1083

think about, as senior leaders, how those scenarios

are playing out, it drives us to take decisions

that we think will position us most appropriately.

And that's why, for example, we've been really

focused on trying to work on things like the Oil

Sands Tailings Consortium, like OSLI, like COCIA,

where we see that we as industry, in the

environmental frame, can take a leadership

position, can work collaboratively with our local

governments and our local regulators because we

don't necessarily see that blueprint world, we see

more of a scramble world in the near term. And so

it drives us and instructs us and coaches us on how

we can take the necessary measures to make sure

that we're delivering the appropriate response.

So that's, again, your reference was

interesting, I'll have to pick that up and read it,

but that's as a senior leader in Shell for over 30

years, that's how we use scenarios.

Q. So with regard to the implications of this model

for the future of the oil sands, if, for instance,

investment was made that altered the picture that

is presented in the scenarios, that would affect

the demand for the product of the Jackpine Mine

Expansion, for instance the various fuel standards

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1084

that are currently in discussion in Europe and by

mayors in the U.S. with regard to oil sands, that

would affect the possible demand for the Project?

A. Yes, so there can be changes that alter forecasts.

And, of course, the further out in time that one

goes, the more potential there is for the band to

broaden on a given forecast. I think when you're

looking at the, coming back to your original

question on the demand forecast, what do we think,

do we think demand is going to be increasing and by

how much. I think that in the near term, there's

very high confidence that the demand is going to be

increasing. I think within the next number of

decades there's a fairly tight prediction on what

that range might be. If you're looking at much

longer than that, then I would agree with you that

the uncertainty gets a bit broader.

Q. And so there is then the possibility that public

pressure could alter the way in which these

projects unfold, so it's not industry might want to

take a leadership role, but ultimately it's a

broader sort of democratic process that would

determine what the outcome would be of energy

future decision-making, would Shell agree with

that, that it's not up to industry but it's part of

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1085

a process of sort of democratic discussion within

Canada?

A. Well, I think the market always is the determiner

of what happens. And what we see in the market

today is there's a very significant market for our

hydrocarbon products, which would be derived from

the production from a Jackpine Mine Expansion for

example.

We at Shell see a need to shift to a lower

carbon future, and you can see that in all of our

strategies and approaches, we're shifting to more

natural gas, which has a lower carbon footprint,

we're very active in renewables, particularly in

biofuels. But at the end of the day, our view, and

it is us at the end of the day that takes the

economic risk with an investment like the Jackpine

Mine Expansion, it's our view that that demand for

the products will be there. Although as a company,

we're quite focused on doing our part in shifting

to a lower carbon portfolio products.

Q. So the risk is assumed by Shell, you're saying, for

these projects. If, for instance, there was a

delay to this Project, or to the Pierre River

project, that would affect Shell's competitiveness

or Shell's share value potentially internationally

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1086

if that were to receive a certain kind of coverage

in the financial press?

A. Now you're probably asking me to speculate because

you're asking me to predict what the stock market

is going to do, and if I could do that, I probably

wouldn't be here.

But the economic drivers for Shell will be

ultimately determined by the market. Delays in the

Jackpine Mine Expansion approval would be

problematic for us because, as we indicated from

the beginning with our Opening Statement, that the

Jackpine Mine Expansion is truly an expansion of

the existing Jackpine Mine and we need to have that

regulatory certainty to be able to make sure that

the Integrated Mine Plan that we have is as robust

and as optimized as it can be. So it's very

important that we get the approval for regulatory

certainty. It is an expansion to an existing mine.

And the Project that we're looking to bring on with

that expanded mining area, adding additional

production, we would like to see the ability to

execute that in a timely fashion so that, as we

discussed, we can take advantage of being able to

roll the expertise and retain the expertise for

being able to advance this type of development.

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1087

Q. But there have been examples of Shell projects

recently being cancelled in North America due to

public pressure. For instance, the Shell liquified

natural gas project in Baja California, Mexico,

Shell pulled out of that project in part due to

public pressure. So Shell is also responsive to

the views of the broader public with regard to its

activities?

A. Well, I can't speak to the specific project that

you identified. I wouldn't know directly --

Q. But is Shell responsive to public pressure with

regard to its activities? That's the question.

It's a simple question.

A. Shell answer? Yeah, okay, good. So Shell is very

responsive to the public. And the public drives

the market demand for our products. I think that

what you have seen from Shell is a company that's

very focused on moving towards sustainable

development, is a company that does make

adjustments, that does look to respond to the

market demands as reflected by the public. I think

the term "public pressure" is probably not the

correct term in terms of how we would look at

things. We would look at our stakeholders, the

market, and input from the public around what their

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1088

demand profiles are going to look like. Those will

be the things that help us in making sure that

we're making good economic decisions that are of

course balanced with environmental and social

needs.

Q. So the broader implications of the scenarios, then,

could alter, could change, that what's presented

here in your pamphlet is not definitive, it's a

projection based on Shell's internal analysis?

A. So if you're asking specifically about the Jackpine

Mine Expansion --

Q. Specifically about this page, page 4 of the

pamphlet.

A. So if you're asking specifically around projections

for future markets and energy supply demand, I

think anyone would have to say that things are

going to be subject to change. But what you have

there is a very well-grounded forecast based on

data and based on projections on market trends for

what we think the requirements are going to be.

None of that would alter the fact that the Jackpine

Mine Expansion is the natural extension of the

current Jackpine Mine, and should proceed.

Q. Okay, thank you.

A. Thank you.

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1089

MS. ZALIK: Thank you.


MS. ZALIK: Thank you very much.

THE CHAIRMAN: Is Ms. Zalik (sic) for Sierra

Club Prairie present? Sorry, Ms. Flook. I beg

your pardon. Ms. Flook, do you have an estimate of

how long you were planning to be?

MS. FLOOK: Well, I have about eight or

nine questions, so maybe a minute or two each,

maybe about 10, 20 minutes.

THE CHAIRMAN: Let's do that and then we'll

take our coffee break.

MS. FLOOK: Thirty minutes max,

hopefully, if it's all crystal clear.

CROSS-EXAMINATION BY SIERRA CLUB PRAIRIE, BY MS. FLOOK:

Q. MS. FLOOK: Hi there. Thank you for

having me everyone here. This is my first time at

a panel, so I don't know what to expect, but I'm

really excited to be part of these processes and

hearings, as they are still public.

So we just had a couple questions for Shell

with regards to the Jackpine Mine Expansion and the

sort of Information Requests that we provided

around accidental tailings dams breaches. So we

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1090

were hoping to ask first of all to the Shell

witnesses whether they agree that the Terms of

Reference for the Jackpine Expansion Project

require that:

"In considering the

environmental effects of

malfunctions and accidents, the

Joint Review Panel should include

potential malfunctions or accidents

associated with the following

components..."

And it lists, you know, "tailings management;

waste management and disposal", that sort of thing.

A. MR. KOVACH: Yes, Shell would agree with

that.

Q. Okay, thank you.

And so we're also wondering if Shell would

agree that the Terms of Reference also state that:

"The environmental assessment

should consider the sensitive

elements of the environment (e.g.,

communities, homes, natural sites

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1091

of interest, areas of major use)

that may be affected in the event

of an accident or major

malfunction. The environmental

assessment should consider the

likelihood of occurrence of such

accidents or malfunctions."

Is that correct?

A. Yes, we agree.

Q. And do you acknowledge that Shell admits in its

Environmental Impact Statement that:

"The magnitude of effects on

the environment from an External

Tailings Disposal Area, or ETDA,

dyke failure would be massive as

there would be persistent, severe

environmental effects that could

lead to loss of commercial or

recreational use and loss of

natural resources over a wide

area."

A. Yes, could you give me the page. That sounds

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1092

right, but I would just like to check.

Q. I don't have the page right here. I had to borrow

someone else's laptop. No, I don't have it right

in front of me, actually. Sorry. But we pulled

that out.

MR. DENSTEDT: Why don't we move on based on

a subject to check and see if we can keep things

moving.

MS. FLOOK: Sure, okay.

Q. Because we were concerned about the Joint Review

Panel which issued a Supplementary Information

Request 33, which requested that Shell:

"Provide an analysis of the

environmental effects to sensitive

elements of the environment, of all

accidents and malfunctions listed

in the May 2011 submission."

And:

"Sensitive elements of the

environment [are stated to]

include, but are not limited to,

communities, homes, natural sites

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1093

of interest, areas of major use,

species at risk, protected areas,

and high-value wildlife areas that

may be affected in the event of an

accident or a major malfunction."

So are you aware of the Supplementary

Information Request 33 which requested that kind of

analysis?

A. Yes, we are, and we responded to it.

Q. Okay. So I just wanted to take us briefly through

that Response, Supplementary Information

Request 33.

Does the response itemize and describe any of

the sensitive environment, or sensitive elements of

the environment described in SIR 33, for example,

does the response describe the communities in the

Athabasca valley, the natural sites of interest,

the species at risk?

A. Yes, I think what would be helpful if we start, if

I point you to Table 33-1 on page 3-94 of the May

2012 Submission. And so if we look under the -- I

don't know -- I'll let you get that out. Sorry.

Q. Sorry, what was that page again?

A. 3-94. And if you have a PDF, I think it's 111.

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1094

Q. Okay, yes.

A. So if we look at that Table, you'll see that the

column title is:

"Local Communities and

Trapper Cabin Receptors; Culturally

Important Natural Sites of

Interest, Areas of Major Use or

Protected Area Receptors; Species

at Risk; and Wildlife Key Indicator

Resources."

And then we list under those columns what we

believe those include.

Q. Right, I was looking at that this morning. Okay.

Did Shell undertake any such itemization and

description of the sensitive elements of the

environment requested by the Panel?

A. Yes, that's what we believe we've provided.

Q. And what analysis was done of the environmental

effects of a tailings containment failure on these

sensitive elements of the environment?

A. MR. SPELLER: Yes, so in SIR 33, what we

looked at for the sensitive receptors are

directions of if there was a failure, where the

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1095

failure would occur, what would be in the path of

that failure in terms of the sensitive receptors,

and then we estimated what the potential effects

would be, and then provided that in this

qualitative assessment.

Q. Okay, could you describe some of those effects on

the communities and on the wildlife that you

enumerated in that response for us, just briefly.

It's just a bit of a Sierra Club Prairie's concern

that the communities themselves were listed but not

necessarily what those impacts or adverse effects

would be.

A. So I'll point to Table 33-2. So this is

Table 33-2, page 3-96, page 113 out of 169 of the

PDF.

Q. Okay. Yes.

A. So what you'll see in that row of where we talk

about the ETDA dyke failure, are the "Local

Communities and Trapper Cabins" where we believe

there could be a potential effect and what that

would be. So we see there would be no effects in

Fort Chip. For Fort McKay, on the leases that are

adjacent, there's potential for there to be the

effect because they are directly adjacent to the

lease. And then for the different waterbodies that

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1096

are there, you see where they are listed, what

those effects are. And then on the next page of

that, you'll see the "Linkages and Magnitude" of

the effects of the "Wildlife Receptors" as well for

that zone for different species.

Q. Well, that pretty much wraps up some of our

concerns on our side of things, but I think it's

just curious to assume, you know, in the worst-case

scenario of a massive tailings breach that there

wouldn't be some kind of impact on community

members up there or wildlife in the sort of view of

a holistic view of Treaty Rights in particular, and

the practice thereof. And so that's one of our

concerns that we wanted to raise here with the

panel. And I thank you for your answers. I don't

know if you had any further responses at this

point.

A. MR. ROBERTS: Maybe I'll take that. I

don't think we dispute that the impact of a

tailings dam breach would be significant from an

environmental effect. In fact, we probably think

that it's an industry killer. So it gets a

significant amount of attention from Shell and from

the other operators in the region. And I can

assure you that we go through a significant amount

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1097

of effort to ensure that we put the preventive

measures in place so that an event does not occur

so that we don't have to deal with the

consequences. And maybe I'll just cover off the

various things we do:

Our tailings containment is designed

according to the Dam Safety Guidelines from the

Canadian Dam Safety Association from which the

basis of dam safety regulations in Canada and

Alberta come from;

Our design is approved by Alberta

Environment, the Dam Safety Branch, and the ERCB;

Our dams are designed and constructed and

assured independently via independent external

review panels who meet generally about three times

a year to review our dam designs;

Our tailings dam operation, maintenance and

surveillance is done in accordance with the Mining

Association of Canada's Tailings Management

Protocols, which require annual audits;

We are audited by Shell audit as well,

because we view -- a tailings dam breach is viewed

as one of the more significant events that we can

have within the Royal Dutch Shell;

We have our insurance auditors bring in

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1098

world-class experts to independently review our dam

designs, our operation and maintenance;

They are reviewed annually by the ERCB,

complete with field tours observing our

construction and monitoring activities;

We do monitor our tailings dykes on a

24/7-365 basis;

And last but not least, our dams, unlike our

tailings ponds, unlike some others around the

world, have no watershed catchment area, so what

goes into our tailings facility is pumped, with the

exception of precipitation, so if you have a heavy

rainfall event or that sort of thing, we're not

collecting precipitation and fluid from a large

catchment area.

So that's one of the reasons why we design

our facilities the way they are so we can

accommodate those.

So that's on the prevention side.

In the unlikely event that a breach would

occur, we have undertaken breach inundation

studies. That forms the basis of the Emergency

Response Plans that we have and the Emergency

Preparedness Plans and the Emergency Response

Guide, which are all required by Alberta Public

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1099

Safety Services Act, the Disaster Services Act, and

the Alberta Water Act. So those Emergency Response

Plans which comprise the Emergency Preparedness

Plan and the Emergency Response Guide are shared

with our stakeholder emergency response agencies,

both municipal and First Nations and Aboriginal

groups. So they have those.

And there would be the expectation is a

coordinated effort in a response to a breach.

And furthermore, because this is one of the

major events that we would have globally and

certainly for our site, we actively undertake

simulations to ensure that our responses are

appropriate and we are trained and understand what

is required of us in the unlikely event that a

breach would occur.

Q. Thank you.

A. And just to give you an idea of what the magnitude

might be, I'll share some of the figures of the

worst-case scenario that we have right now that

we've modelled. You would see a peak flow on the

Athabasca River at Fort McKay at 1.65 metres. And

that would occur about six hours after the breach.

So that's well within the range of the flood levels

that you would expect from the Athabasca River.

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1100

Q. And of the preventive measures that you listed, are

those publicly disclosed, you know, the sort of

surveillance and the safety audits and things like

that?

A. The ones we have with the public regulators, they

would have records of those.

Q. And then likewise on the reactive, on the Emergency

Preparedness Plans, you said you shared some of

that information with Municipalities and First

Nations. I guess one of our concerns from, and

we'll be discussing this later on in the week, is

the extent to which this information is publicly

disclosed for the public's view to then be part of

that evaluative process of whether the public

thinks that these types of structures are sound and

in our own interest as they do eventually become

the public's again.

A. So you can appreciate why we retain these documents

confidential; as you could use these documents to

review the integrity, one could also use those

documents for mischief, understanding how you might

create mischief in our ability to contain tailings.

Q. I don't really know about that. But any ways, I'll

think we'll leave that to next week, the discussion

there. I sort of think that having accumulative

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1101

170-square-kilometres of toxic tailings in Alberta

leaves us open to a lot of mischief. And I think

the more information we can get publicly disclosed

it will be in the public's interest.

And that's it from me. Thank you for your

time today. Won't hold anyone back from our coffee

and tea break. Thank you so much. We'll be back

next week.

THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you, Ms. Flook.

Mr. Lambrecht, does your client have

questions?

MR. LAMBRECHT: Yes, Mr. Dilay. So this

would be an appropriate time to take a break. I'll

deploy the paper and be ready when we reconvene.

THE CHAIRMAN: Real good. I have 10 after

10:00. We'll be back in 20 minutes.

(The Morning Adjournment)

THE CHAIRMAN: Can we take our places,

please.

Are you ready to proceed, Mr. Lambrecht?

MR. LAMBRECHT: Yes, Mr. Dilay, I am.

CROSS-EXAMINATION BY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA,

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1102

BY MR. LAMBRECHT:

Q. I would like to begin with some housekeeping.

During my cross-examination, I'll be referring to

Binder 1 of the Environmental Impact Statement.

It's Exhibit 001-001A, CEAA Registry document 7. I

have provided counsel for the Panel and

Mr. Denstedt, counsel for Shell, with two other

documents that I'll be referring to. And I'll ask

them to be marked as an exhibit at an appropriate

point in the cross-examination.

You're welcome to provide them now if you

wish. My colleague has copies for other counsel

who might want a copy. They are free to come up

here and obtain them from Mr. Elford.

Mr. Broadhurst, I think it might be prudent

if you had the first of those before you. And

that's the first binder.

A. MR. BROADHURST: Yes.

Q. Of the Environmental Impact Statement. I don't

know if you're working from a digital copy or a

hard copy.

A. So are you talking about the Application binder or

one of the Environmental Impact Assessment binders?

Sorry.

Q. I'm talking about this binder here. It's Volume 1

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1103

of what I understand to be the Environmental Impact

Assessment Report.

A. Okay.

Q. And I think the opening questions are directed to

you, Mr. Broadhurst. So I'll ask you to turn to a

tab that no one else has questioned you on, which

is Tab 14, Business Plan.

A. Yes, sir.

Q. And I would like to ask you a series of questions

related to what is described here as "Shell's

Integrated Project Management System." There's an

acronym for that, iPMS. I'm not sure how you might

pronounce the acronym.

A. We just say it's iPMS.

Q. Okay. So let's talk about iPMS, then. Could you

describe what that is, please.

A. The Integrated Project Management System is really

a system designed to ensure that, as we're doing

different phases of a project development, that

we're conducting the appropriate scope of work and

providing the appropriate assurance. What we have

done within Shell is we've recently updated to what

we call ORP, we love our acronyms, Opportunity

Realization Process. Very similar, just slightly

different terminology in terms of phases, so

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1104

perhaps I'll use that just to describe to you how

it works.

And essentially what we do is we look at any

opportunity. We look at going through a series of

steps, the first thing we would do is we would look

at identifying do we have an opportunity, do we

think there's something that is worthy of being

pursued further.

Then we would go through a phase of what we

call "assess." And that's where we would look at a

range of options or alternatives, and that's

similar to what we talked about in the Project

Application when we talk about "alternatives

considered."

Then we would go to a select phase where

we're actually choosing the concept and taking it

to the point of having a basis of design.

And then we would go to a defined phase where

we're doing the more detailed engineering prior to

being in a position to assure that work and take an

investment decision.

So that's generally the way the process

works, it's just a series of steps that provide the

work to allow you to take progressive decisions

moving towards an ultimate investment decision.

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1105

Q. Now, your position with Shell Canada is that of

Vice President for Heavy Oil Development?

A. Yes, sir.

Q. And the Applicant, Shell Canada, is a wholly-owned

subsidiary of the Dutch multinational?

A. Yes, it is.

Q. So I take it that the annual reports for Shell

Canada are rolled up into the annual reports of the

international corporation?

A. Yes. As an operating company, our results and our

input would go into the broader Royal Dutch Shell

to be consolidated into that annual RDS report.

Q. All right. Now, if I can refer you to page 14-1,

under the general heading "Project Management

Governance System," it indicates that:

"The iPMS uses a gating

philosophy [to move] from phase to

phase, with clearly defined

deliverables..."

At each phase. Now, I take it that the

obtaining of the permits necessary for the Shell

Jackpine Mine Expansion are one of the deliverables

within iPMS. Would you agree with that?

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1106

A. Yes. Obtaining regulatory certainty is an absolute

critical requirement prior to taking investment

decision.

Q. Yes. Exactly. And just to make absolutely clear,

I want to confirm that obtaining those approvals is

done before what is described as a "final

investment decision" is taken.

A. Yes, we want to have our major approvals in place,

to have regulatory certainty. Just to be very

clear, when we're executing the large developments,

there then continues to be a series of permits and

licences that one needs to acquire, but it's the

predominant major approvals like the ERCB approval

that would be a requirement.

Q. So let me then ask you to turn to Tab 1 of this

binder, which is the Overview. And I'd like to ask

you to turn, please, to page 1-6.

A. Yes.

Q. And under the heading at the top "Resource

Development Approach (cont'd)," there are a number

of bullets, but below the bullet, the three bullets

in that continued heading, the following appears,

it says:

"Final investment decisions

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1107

will be dependent on future product

pricing, construction and operating

cost forecasts and the availability

of human resources to execute the

plans. The nature, stability and

impact of federal and provincial

fiscal regimes will also be

considered."

Do you see that?

A. Yes.

Q. So what I want to explore with you, please, is a

definition of which of the many approvals that are

required for this Project under Federal and

Provincial legislation are preconditions to a final

investment decision by Shell. So that's the

general area that I want to explore. Before we get

there, however, I want to ask you some questions

about the joint, the nature of the joint venture

decision-making.

I understand that Shell operates in the

Athabasca Oil Sands Region through a joint venture

arrangement with other partners. Shell is the

operating partner, I take it, in the joint venture?

A. That's correct. Our joint venture has three

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1108

partners, it's Shell, Chevron and Marathon. And

Shell is the operator and the project

administrator.

Q. And that joint venture is described as COPA?

A. The joint venture is described as AOSP, Athabasca

Oil Sands Project.

Q. Yes, thank you. Got that mixed up.

Now, does Shell make the final investment

decision when the time comes, at that future point,

or will all of the joint venture partners need to

make a final investment decision so that the

Project would not proceed until all of them have

made such a decision?

A. Yes, indeed. It is a joint venture, and all three

owners would need to be supportive of proceeding

with a project of the nature of Jackpine Mine

Expansion.

Q. All right.

Now, with respect to Shell particularly, will

the final investment decision be taken at the board

level of the subsidiary, the Canadian Shell, or at

the board level of the international parent

company?

A. We have within Royal Dutch Shell a set of financial

authorities and that would govern at what level the

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1109

decision gets taken. And so a decision of this

nature would be one that would go to the level of

the Chief Executive Officer for Royal Dutch Shell.

Q. May I ask you, please, to turn to page 1-25 in the

binder. That's still under Tab 1, the Overview,

and this is Section 1.4 that deals with regulatory

approvals.

A. Yes.

Q. Now, was this prepared under your general

direction?

A. Yes, it was.

Q. I note when reviewing it that the approvals that

are required for the Project are characterized as

"primary."

A. M'mm-hmm.

Q. And "ancillary."

A. Yes.

Q. So you'll see the primary approvals listed in

Table 1-1. And you will see ancillary approvals

listed at the bottom of page 1-26 and carrying on

to 1-27.

I'd like to ask you, please, to describe what

the distinction is between a primary approval and

an ancillary approval.

A. Certainly. The primary distinction between the two

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1110

characterizations would be that the primary

approvals are generally focused around the broad

development, so if we look at the Oil Sands

Conservation Act approval or the EPEA approval,

that's the broader Jackpine approval. If you look

at, for example, the ancillary lease, or list, what

we have in there is, for example, the 35-2 would be

an example where it is a very important approval,

but it is very focused in one particular area of

the Project. So that would be the general

distinction when we prepared the summary.

Q. Now, my understanding is that for a project of this

magnitude that will operate over many decades, that

there is some potential for approvals to be

obtained over the course of the lifetime of the

project?

A. That's correct.

Q. So how do you distinguish between those approvals

that inform the primary investment decision, the

final investment decision, and those that do not?

A. That's a very good question. And I was particular

in choosing my words earlier when we talked about

the fact that what we need at the investment

decision is regulatory certainty or a degree of

regulatory certainty. To your point, if you had to

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1111

have absolute certainty that every approval you

needed to receive throughout a 30-to-50-year-life

project, which is what the oil sands projects

typically tend to be, then you would never be in a

position to support an investment.

At the end of the day, it is the owners that

take the risk when they make that investment

decision. It's their choice on how much regulatory

certainty is enough regulatory certainty. And

that's why we have a bit of a distinction where we

do focus on kind of the main scheme approvals as

being most critical to that decision. And then

ancillary approvals and over-life approvals as

being something that each owner would take a

judgment on whether they feel they have sufficient

regulatory certainty to proceed or not; again,

because it is them that's taking the investment

risk.

Q. So let's look at the chart that is at Table 1-1 on

page 1-25.

A. M'mm-hmm.

Q. I see here that you are requesting an amendment to

Approval 9756, which had been issued by what was

then known as the Energy and Utilities Board of

Alberta, for the Shell Jackpine Mine; is that

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1112

correct?

A. That's correct.

Q. All right. Now, just for greater certainty, if you

could turn to tab 19 of this binder, we're going to

come back to the chart, and I'll ask you to do this

for some of the other approvals that are in the

chart, but if you turn to tab 19, I think that the

EUB approval is located here, as I understand it,

at page 19-63 as attachment 19-1. Please take your

time.

A. Yes, I have it.

Q. Yes, can you confirm that this is the approval that

you are asking the ERCB component of this Joint

Review Panel to amend?

A. That is the base approval.

Q. All right. Now, let's go back to the chart. The

second one in the chart is described as an "EPEA

10-year operating approval," and it's listed as

having approval number 153125-00-00 as amended. Do

you see that?

A. Yes, I do.

Q. All right. Now, there are three of these types of

approvals that are under Tab 19. So if you go,

again, please, to tab 19. I had taken you to the

list of attachments, which is at page 19-63.

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1113

A. M'mm-hmm.

Q. And I had referred you earlier to attachment 19-1,

which is the EUB approval.

A. Right.

Q. Now, there are three other attachments here, 19-2,

19-3, and 19-4, and these are described as EPEA

approval 153125-00-01 and -02 respectively. Are

these the EPEA approvals as amended that are

referred to in the second row of the chart?

A. So I just need to check with one of my colleagues.

There may have been some amendments since the

original application, so just let me just check for

a moment.

Q. Yes, take your time.

A. So my colleague's opinion is the same as mine, that

we think that these are the state of the EPEA

approvals. If there were any amendments since this

point in time, then it would be those that are

referred to, but at this panel, we don't have

specific knowledge on any amendments.

A. MR. MARTINDALE: So we do have a couple

more amendments over the ones on the list. There's

a 03 and a 04.

Q. Where can these be found?

A. They would be on the Alberta Environment web page.

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1114

But we can provide them after lunch.

Q. Would you undertake to provide these, please?

A. Sure.

MR. DENSTEDT: That will be an undertaking

to provide? Perhaps you can enumerate what you're

looking for.

MR. LAMBRECHT: Yes. EPEA approvals

153125-00-03 and -04.

A. Correct.

MR. DENSTEDT: Given by Mr. Martindale to

Mr. Lambrecht.

MR. LAMBRECHT: And for greater certainty, if

when you make your inquiry it turns out that there

might be an 05 or a subsequent approval of the

appeal approval, would you also undertake to

provide that, please?

A. Yes.

UNDERTAKING 14: MR. MARTINDALE TO CONFIRM THERE

WERE EPEA APPROVALS 153125-00-03 AND -04, AND, FOR

GREATER CERTAINTY, IF WHEN YOU MAKE YOUR INQUIRY

IT TURNS OUT THAT THERE MIGHT BE A 05 OR A

SUBSEQUENT APPROVAL OF THE APPEAL APPROVAL, TO

CONFIRM

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1115

Q. Now, I want to confirm a point that I view as very

important: The EPEA approval does not come from

this Panel or from the ERCB component of this

Panel. Is that your understanding?

A. MR. BROADHURST: That's correct. Historically

that would have been issued through Alberta

Environment.

Q. And that approval follows the issuance of this

Panel's report in time; is that correct?

A. That is.

Q. Now let met take you back to the chart at

page 1-25. I'm going to ask you to look,

Mr. Broadhurst, at the third row on that chart, And

this is the Water Act amendment and renewal. I did

not see that in Tab 19. Is it included in the

materials that Shell has provided?

A. So I'm going to ask Mr. Kovach to comment on that.

A. MR. KOVACH: Yes, it is provided. I think

we go to Section 10, that's where we applied for

our Water Act applications. But before you go

there, forgive me, I need a minute to look. I know

there was an errata on that, and we provided an

errata.

Q. Yes, please take your time.

A. Okay, thank you for your patience. If I could

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1116

point you to the Jackpine Mine Expansion

Supplemental Information Request Round 1,

December 2009. And I'm sorry, I'll see if I can

get an exhibit for you on that. It's on page 7-15.

I'll just get an exhibit number for you.

Thank you for your patience. It's

Exhibit 001-006, document 39, Supplemental

Information No. 1 from Shell Canada Limited to

Energy Resources Conservation Board December 9th,

2009.

Q. All right, thank you, sir.

Now, Mr. Broadhurst, again I want to return

to the sequence of the regulatory approvals and I

want to confirm my understandings that the renewal

and amendment of the Water Act licence that

Mr. Kovach kindly provided the reference to will

follow in time the issuance of this Panel's report?

A. MR. BROADHURST: That's correct.

Q. All right. This might be a convenient moment to

refer to the Opening Statement that you gave.

A. M'mm-hmm.

Q. Now, I noticed, Mr. Broadhurst, that although you

read that in, it was posted on the Shell Canada

website.

A. M'mm-hmm.

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1117

Q. And I downloaded it from there. And I've offered

to counsel, as I indicated in the housekeeping

remarks earlier, an excerpt of that which contains

the list of the regulatory approvals that are

required for this Project, the Shell Jackpine Mine

Expansion. I see you have it in front of you.

A. Yes, I do.

MR. LAMBRECHT: Mr. Perkins, this might be an

appropriate moment to mark this as an exhibit.

MR. PERKINS: Mr. Chairman, we have number

005-23 for Canada next in the sequence.


EXHIBIT 005-023: Excerpts from "JPME Hearing

- Opening Statement" made by Shell provided by

Government of Canada during cross-examination of

Shell (Mr. Lambrecht)

MR. LAMBRECHT: 005-023.

Q. All right. So let's go down the bullets,

Mr. Broadhurst.

A. M'mm-hmm.

Q. The first one is the amendment to what is described

here as the "ERCB approval." I think that would

perhaps more technically be described as the

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1118

"existing EUB approval." Would you agree with

that?

A. That's the approval basis, yes.

Q. And so that's the document that we looked at as

attachment 19-1?

A. So that would be the base document that's in the

Application. Based on the numbering in the Opening

Statement, it reflects that there has been an

amendment.

Q. All right. I had asked you for the amendments to

the EPEA approvals and I took you to what I

understand might be the initial EUB licence. Am I

to understand that there have been some amendments

to that EUB licence and that the one that is at

attachment 19-1 that we looked at might not be the

current one?

A. Yes, as I'd indicated, that was the base document.

I didn't have specific knowledge on amendments. I

wanted to be clear on that. And the numbering in

the Opening Statement suggests amendments.

Q. So could I ask you to undertake to produce the

amendments to the EUB or ERCB licences that

currently exist which you seek amendment of from

this Panel in its ERCB capacity?

A. Yes, most certainly.

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1119

MR. DENSTEDT: So is that clear enough on

the record? Great, thanks.

UNDERTAKING 15: MR. BROADHURST TO PRODUCE THE

AMENDMENTS TO THE EUB OR ERCB LICENCES THAT

CURRENTLY EXIST IN WHICH SHELL SEEKS AMENDMENT OF

FROM THIS PANEL IN ITS ERCB CAPACITY

MR. LAMBRECHT: Thank you.

Q. That concludes the exploration of the approval, the

first bullet.

The second bullet, I understand, are the EPEA

approvals, and we've discussed that?

A. M'mm-hmm. Yes.

Q. All right. The third bullet refers to the Water

Act approval. And we've discussed that?

A. Yes, sir.

Q. Now, the remaining bullets talk about other

approvals. And your Application contains

significant details in relation to those. I don't

want to take you through them in detail,

Mr. Broadhurst, but I have to ask you an important

question, and that is are you able to say today

which of these for Shell will be required before

Shell makes a final investment decision?

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1120

A. So when I look at the list, and again it comes down

to the owners' decisions at the time of making an

investment and their comfort or confidence from a

regulatory certainty point of view. The other one

on that list that of course is critically

important, as are they all, would be the Fisheries

Act 35(2) approval.

Q. So let me use leading questions here.

Would it be fair to say, and would you agree

with me, that before Shell takes a final investment

decision for the Jackpine Mine Expansion Project,

it will require at least to have the amendment to

the ERCB licence, the amendment to the EPEA

approvals, the amendment to the Water Act approval,

and the Fisheries Act authorization?

A. And the only comment I would -- so I would say yes

to the first three. And the only comment I would

make on the 35(2) approval would be that that's one

that we may take a judgment view on based on our

engagement with the Department of Fisheries and

Oceans and how comfortable we are that ultimately

we're going to be able to satisfy the regulator and

seek and obtain an approval.

Q. All right, thank you. This might be an appropriate

time to ask you to look at the Annual Report.

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1121

There are a number of passages that I'm going to

refer to from this.

MR. LAMBRECHT: Mr. Perkins, let's begin by getting

an exhibit number for it, please.


EXHIBIT 005-024: "BUILDING AN ENERGY FUTURE"

ANNUAL REPORT PROVIDED BY GOVERNMENT OF CANADA

DURING CROSS-EXAMINATION OF SHELL (MR. LAMBRECHT)


MR. LAMBRECHT:

Q. Now, Mr. Broadhurst, I'm going to be taking you to

different passages of this document at later parts

of my examination, but the pages that I want to

refer to now are 13, 14, 15, and 16. These

describe "risk factors." And I'm going to ask you

to examine these pages and to confirm whether this

is a general description of the risk factors that

Shell would take and take into consideration before

making a final investment decision for the Shell

Jackpine Mine Expansion Project?

A. If you'll just give me a moment to have a scan

through. It's been some time since I've looked at

the Annual Report.

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1122

Thank you. I've gone through the list.

Q. Would you agree with me that in general terms, from

a corporate level, these illustrate the risk

factors that may influence a decision by Shell, and

I'm speaking here of the parent corporation because

of your evidence that it is the parent corporation

that would make the final investment decision for

this Project, that this, from a general way, are

the types of risk factors that Shell will consider

when making a final investment decision for this

Project?

A. So, to be clear, I think what we have here is a

list of factors that Shell takes into account in

managing its overall business, its overall

portfolio. New capital investments are part of the

business that we undertake, however, these factors

that are identified in here would also apply to our

existing operating base. So with that qualifier,

they are definitely factors that would be

considered for as aspects of our business.

Q. May I take it that that is a general agreement with

my proposition?

A. Yes, a general agreement. I just wanted to qualify

that some of the points that are made, some of the

factors that are identified, may apply more to an

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1123

operating entity rather to a project decision.

Q. That's fair. Thank you.

Now, that completes the examination that I

wanted to ask you about how the Integrated Project

Management System fits into the permitting system.

But I want, before I leave this point, to talk

about the relationship of this to leases. So could

you please turn to page 1-5 of Volume 1.

A. M'mm-hmm. Yes, sir, I have it.

Q. Figure 1-4 shows "Athabasca Oil Sands Lease

Holdings". Do you see that figure?

A. Yes, I do.

MR. LAMBRECHT: Mr. Dilay, is the Panel with

me on this?

THE CHAIRMAN: I think so, sir.

MR. LAMBRECHT: Thank you, sir.

Q. So I understand that the leases in red are the

leases that will comprise the Jackpine Mine

Expansion Project; is that correct?

A. That's correct.

Q. All right. Now, have you produced these leases in

your Application materials?

A. Have we provided copies of the lease documents in

the Application, was that the question?

Q. Yes.

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1124

A. Not to my knowledge, no.

Q. All right. Would you be willing to do so?

A. If I can just take a moment, please. So, thank you

for your patience.

On the surface, it would seem that it's a

reasonable request. What I would need to do is

just check with my Land Department to see if

there's any reasons or restrictions from a

confidentiality point of view as to why we may not

be able to provide copies.

Q. That's fair.

MR. DENSTEDT: So why don't we undertake to

go back and check to see whether there's any

confidential matters related to those leases and if

there aren't, provide those leases to

Mr. Lambrecht. And if there are confidential

pieces, perhaps we could redact those pieces.

MR. LAMBRECHT: I'm very happy with that.

UNDERTAKING 16: MR. BROADHURST TO GO BACK AND

CHECK TO SEE WHETHER THERE ARE ANY CONFIDENTIAL

MATTERS RELATED TO THE LEASES, AND, IF THERE ARE

NOT, PROVIDE THOSE LEASES TO MR. LAMBRECHT. ALSO,

IF THERE ARE CONFIDENTIAL PIECES REGARDING THAT

INFORMATION, TO REDACT THOSE PIECES OF INFORMATION

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1125

Q. MR. LAMBRECHT: In a very general way,

Mr. Broadhurst, the point that I want to get at,

which I think will be confirmed by the clauses of

the leases when produced, and which will not be

caught by any confidentiality provisions if they

exist, is that these mineral leases require

compliance with law as it may exist from time to

time in the future, and that obtaining the leases

does not confer upon Shell or its joint venture

partners the right to make a final investment

decision without obtaining the approvals that we

discussed earlier in my examination.

So I think that will become apparent from an

examination of the leases themselves. And I would

not expect that to be confidential. So I thank you

for the undertaking.

All right. Mr. Broadhurst, I'm going to turn

now to a new area of examination.

A. M'mm-hmm.

Q. And it flows from a reference in the Annual Report,

Exhibit 005-024, which appears at page 53.

Ms. Jefferson, I think some of this might

come to you. I'm going to direct my questions to

Mr. Broadhurst initially, but I want to give you

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1126

some notice that this might fall into your realm.

I'm looking now in the Annual Report in

page 53 under the heading "Neighbouring

Communities." Do you see that, Mr. Broadhurst?

A. Yes, I do.

Q. Would you mind taking a moment to look at it.

A. Yes, thank you. Yes, thank you.

Q. Now, you spent quite a bit of time in the

presentation that you gave talking about what was

described as the "good neighbour approach" that

Shell took. I understand that that is generally

addressed in this heading of the Annual Report.

Would you agree with that?

A. Yes, it's definitely aligned with this.

Q. Right. And so there's two things here that I want

to confirm by way of general principle and then I

want to explore in the Application of the Jackpine

Mine and the Jackpine Mine Expansion.

So the first point is that the approach

evolves as you learn from your experiences.

A. Yes, I think Ms. Jefferson explained how the

consultation process works, and that through the

engagement, as you get feedback from your

neighbours, from the groups that you're consulting

with, then you'll be able to adjust your approach

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1127

and improve it as you move forward.

Q. And so the second general point that I wanted to

make is that this is a corporate initiative

described in the Annual Report as "social

performance," sometimes it's described in the

literature as a "social responsibility." So my

understanding, and I would ask you to confirm this,

is that Shell would apply this approach even if it

were not duplicated by government policy or

regulatory requirement?

A. So we've been very consistent throughout our

history, certainly in the Athabasca Oil Sands

Project, that we want to engage with our

neighbours, and we've had Good Neighbour Policies

and approaches since the mid-1990s. And, of

course, that was prior to Shell Canada becoming

part of Royal Dutch Shell. So it's very much

something that is part of our culture in terms of

how we think we need to deal with our stakeholders

and our neighbours.

Q. All right. So then let's look at the application

of this approach in the context of the Shell

operations in the oil sands region with respect to

the Jackpine Mine and the Jackpine Mine Expansion,

please.

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1128

Now, Mr. Broadhurst, were you in your

position when the application was made for the

Shell Jackpine Mine, what we now know as the Shell

Jackpine Mine, the operating mine?

A. Yes, I was.

Q. And, Ms. Jefferson, were you in your position at

that time?

A. MS. JEFFERSON: Yes, I was.

Q. So were you involved in the accommodations that

were reached with the Athabasca Chipewyan First

Nation, the Mikisew Cree First Nation, and the Fort

McKay First Nation and Métis Local that are

documented in the Joint Review Panel Report for

Shell Jackpine?

A. Can we just go back a minute. When you asked was I

in the position, was it for the original Jackpine

Mine?

Q. Yes.

A. Or Expansion?

Q. I'd like to start, since this is an application to

amend an existing licence, I wish to start at the

root, which is the mine, the initial mine, Shell

Jackpine Mine. So just for clarity, I'm going to

refer to this Project as the Shell Jackpine Mine

Expansion. And I'd like to arrange with you some

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1129

convenient way of ensuring that when we refer to

the initial Jackpine Mine that we're talking about

the same thing.

A. So I need to go back and make a correction, then.

I joined Shell in June 2007, so I was not here with

Shell as part of the original Jackpine Mine. I've

only -- but I have been with Shell since we filed

the Application for the Expansion.

Q. And would it be fair to say in the normal course of

the duties that you assumed when you joined Shell

that you would have familiarized yourself with the

arrangements that had been reached with the

Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation, the Mikisew Cree

First Nation, and the Fort McKay First Nation and

Métis Local, for example?

A. Absolutely. Yes. And so the group that I manage,

we had overall responsibility for implementing

those agreements.

Q. All right. Now, I'm going to ask you a question.

It is not intended to bind the First Nations in any

way. But it is intended to elicit your opinion.

In your opinion, through the arrangements that were

reached with those entities that I named for the

Jackpine Mine, the initial Jackpine Mine, in your

view, through the arrangements that Shell reached

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1130

with those entities, did those entities reconcile

their interests with the initial project?

A. In my view, yes, they did.

Q. All right. Now, let's turn to the Jackpine Mine

Expansion.

A. M'mm-hmm.

Q. I understand that Shell has reached an arrangement

with the Mikisew Cree First Nation?

A. That's correct.

Q. I understand that they have withdrawn their

opposition to this Project, but that they intend to

participate to make submissions to the Joint Review

Panel on cumulative effects and Crown Consultation;

is that your understanding?

A. That's my understanding.

Q. And I understand that this is documented in a

letter from their counsel for the Mikisew Cree,

dated October 2nd, 2012, which is Exhibit 007-014.

Would you please take a moment to confirm that.

A. Yes, we can confirm that, October 2nd, 2012.

Q. Thank you. Is it your understanding that the

Mikisew Cree have, and again subject to the

understanding that this is not intended to bind in

any way the Mikisew Cree but to elicit your

opinion, is it the opinion of Shell that the

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1131

Mikisew Cree have reconciled their interests,

reconciled their interests with this Project

through the arrangement that they have achieved

with Shell?

A. So, yes, that would be my opinion.

Q. Thank you.

Now, I understand that the Fort McMurray

First Nation has achieved a similar arrangement.

And this is documented in Exhibit 011-012.

A. So did you mean the Fort McKay First Nation?

Q. No, I meant the Fort McMurray First Nation.

Perhaps I'm mistaken in this and that's why I'm

asking. I wanted to be clear.

A. Okay. So the -- I'm looking at a letter

October 18th, 2012. Could you repeat your

question, please?

Q. Yes. Has Shell reached an arrangement with the

Fort McMurray First Nation that is documented in

Exhibit 011-012?

A. Shell does not have an arrangement with the Fort

McMurray 468 First Nation.

Q. All right. Thank you.

Now, the Fort McKay First Nation and the Fort

McKay Métis Local, I understand that they have

reached an accommodation with Shell and that this

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1132

is documented in Exhibit 009-010. Can you confirm

this, please.

A. Yes, I can confirm that we have reached

arrangements with Fort McKay First Nation and Fort

McKay Métis Local 63.

Q. And is it your opinion, again subject to the

qualification that we outlined earlier, that those

two groups have reconciled their interests with

this Project?

A. That is my opinion, yes.

Q. All right.

Now, there remains some Aboriginal groups,

I'm using the term "Aboriginal" so that it includes

both First Nation and Métis, that have not reached

an accommodation with Shell in respect of the

Project. Is that your understanding?

A. So I guess the word that's throwing me off here a

little bit is the word "accommodation" so if you

look at the duty to accommodate, Shell wouldn't see

that we have the duty to accommodate. So I would

suggest --

Q. Yes, this flows from the exercise of what is

described, as I see it, this flows from the

exercise of what is described as "social

responsibility" in the Annual Report. Do you agree

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1133

with that?

A. I do agree with that.

Q. Yes. That's where I'm coming from.

And so is it fair to say that Shell has done

what it can through the exercise of its corporate

social responsibility to arrive at let me call it

arrangements with First Nations in respect of this

Project?

MS. BIEM: Excuse me, Mr. Chairman, I

rise to object. This is a sweetheart cross that

this Panel has already ruled is not allowed.

MR. LAMBRECHT: It's hardly sweetheart. And

the hard question is about to follow.

Q. So let me ask you the hard question. I want you to

assume that this Panel will make recommendations to

future decision-makers. We've gone through the

permitting process. We know that this, that the

ERCB decision in this respect is only one of the

approvals that are preconditions to a final

investment decision. I want you to assume that the

Panel will make recommendations to future

decision-makers, indeed the Mikisew Cree are coming

to talk to the Panel about their concerns with

respect to Crown Consultation, notwithstanding

their arrangement.

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1134

I want you to assume that the Crown in Right

of Alberta and the Crown in Right of Canada will

assess the adequacy of Aboriginal consultation

responsibilities of the Crown before making any of

those regulatory decisions. And I want to ask you

please to describe --

MS. BISHOP: I hear a whole lot of --

THE CHAIRMAN: Let him finish the question.

There's no answer yet, Ms. Bishop. Let him ask the

question.

Q. MR. LAMBRECHT: I want you, based upon your

experiences in the consultations that you have

undertaken, to describe recommendations that the

Joint Review Panel might make to the Crown to

address Aboriginal concerns that are outstanding

that you have heard.

THE CHAIRMAN: Let me give the opportunity

to Ms. Biem and Ms. Bishop at this point, having

the question's been asked, to state their

objections.


MS. BIEM: My objection is that it seems

in the nature of a sweetheart cross where it

appears that Mr. Lambrecht seeks evidence to

support his client's position in relation to the

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1135

adequacy of consultation processes. He's also

asking questions of Shell about their opinion of

what they may or may not have done with ACFN.

Thanks.

THE CHAIRMAN: Can you say more, Ms. Biem?

I'm not fully understanding.

MS. BIEM: It appears like he's throwing

them some really easy softballs to say that they've

done everything they can and to paint my client in

an unreasonable light. That's my objection. Thank

you.

MS. BISHOP: My objection is twofold:

Again, I agree with ACFN that this appears to be

sweetheart cross; and I also object to a question

that asks Shell to predict what this Panel's going

to do. It's this Panel's responsibility to make

recommendations, not Shell's.

MR. DENSTEDT: No objection, sir, but an

observation, since it's my panel that's being

discussed.

First of all, it would be a unique situation

for the Proponent to be in a sweetheart position

with the Federal Government at these processes.

But I would observe that the question is a

legitimate one for the drawing-out of information.

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1136

I'm not sure where my friend is going with it. And

Ms. Jefferson is the keeper of the consultation

record for Shell, so it's relevant information to

the Panel as well on what Shell has done and how

they might react. And as a matter of procedural

law, it is important for the Panel to know Shell's

views on the recommendations that it might find

acceptable or unacceptable. So that's my

observation, sir.

THE CHAIRMAN: Any response, Mr. Lambrecht?

MR. LAMBRECHT: Well, Mr. Dilay, the Annual

Report indicates that Shell's approach evolves as

it learns. It is indeed the position of the

Federal Crown that this Panel has to make

recommendations, but that's embodied in it's Joint

Review Panel Report.

What I'm asking is for Shell to, who has been

on the frontline with Aboriginal parties on this

Project, to outline outstanding concerns that those

Aboriginal groups may have, that this Panel might

make recommendations upon, to the Crown, to see if

the Crown, if in Shell's view the Crown may address

these in some way. That is all.

And I'd be happy if Mr. Broadhurst wanted to

take this by way of undertaking rather than do it

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1137

on the spot.

MS. BIEM: May I speak to one point in

reply, Mr. Chair?

THE CHAIRMAN: Go ahead.

MS. BIEM: Well, herein lies the

problem. Yet again, we have the Crown asking Shell

what Shell understands the outstanding Aboriginal

concerns to be. And we have the Crown indicating

that they are going to base their recommendations

on Shell's interpretation of outstanding Aboriginal

concerns and therein lies the problem that my

clients will speak to. Thank you.

MR. LAMBRECHT: Well, I would be happy to ask

this question of the Aboriginal parties when they

take their turn in evidence here, sir, so that

everyone has the same opportunity. I'm asking

Shell this first because their panel is first, and

that's merely a sequencing matter, not a strategy

of some kind.

THE CHAIRMAN: I'd like to give Ms. Biem and

Ms. Bishop and Mr. Denstedt, and suppose you as

well, Mr. Lambrecht, the opportunity to speak to

this, and that is, that I have a series of

questions myself from the point of view of the

Panel about these matters. And I will also have

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1138

questions about a number of other recommendations

that in the submission of your client,

Mr. Lambrecht, you have made to the Panel. And

similarly, about recommendations that this Panel

might make if it were inclined to recommend to the

Minister that the Project be allowed to proceed.

Those kinds of things. And it's the only

opportunity this Panel has to ask Shell about those

kinds of things.

So if Ms. Biem or Ms. Bishop would like to

comment on those things, I have a series of those

kinds of questions, as I usually do.

MS. BISHOP: Mr. Chair, I would say to you

that that is why we are going to have I would

imagine at least one maybe two days of argument in

this matter, and that is the appropriate time for

counsel to be able to address those questions that

the Panel has. It really is a question of law to a

great degree. And I would suggest that here under

sweetheart cross is not an appropriate way to have

that addressed. All parties aren't able to address

the concerns as they come up. And the appropriate

time to do that is during final argument.

THE CHAIRMAN: Ms. Bishop, while you're at

the microphone, maybe I didn't state my proposition

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1139

clearly enough. Are you saying my questions would

be inappropriate? I guess what I'm saying in

summary is that we can ask the questions now or we

can ask them when it comes to my turn.

MS. BISHOP: I'm suggesting that one

option to have those matters addressed is through

counsel through argument.

THE CHAIRMAN: You didn't answer my

question, though. I have those kinds of questions.

And I thought I described them well enough and I've

done them in many past hearings because it's the

only opportunity that a Panel has to talk to the

applicant about, you know, what it sees about the

possibility of recommendations and, for example,

approval conditions if the Panel is inclined to

approve a project or recommend its approval.

MS. BISHOP: I'm suggesting that one

option is for that to be addressed in argument.

I'm not going to presume to tell you what you're

able to do in questioning. I don't think that

would be appropriate of me to do so.


MR. DENSTEDT: Did you want to hear from me,

sir?

THE CHAIRMAN: Well, Ms. Biem's coming

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1140

forward.

MS. BIEM: Mr. Chair and Panel Members,

I believe that last question may be a fair one

coming from an independent adjudicative body. But

having it come from Canada in the context of the

series of questions that's led up to that

particular one, it has a very different tenor than

it would have coming from yourself as an

independent adjudicator. So personally I'm not

going to object if you were to ask that sort of

question. I do object to that question in the

context of the series of questions that

Mr. Lambrecht has been posing to Shell. Thank you.

THE CHAIRMAN: Mr. Lambrecht, we'll give you

the final word and then -- well, we'll give you the

final word.

MR. LAMBRECHT: Well, I'm respectful of

Aboriginal perspectives. It's sometimes necessary

to proceed in the face of disagreement. What I'm

hearing, Mr. Dilay, is that you would ask the very

same question that I just asked. And if that's

what I'm hearing, I'm quite prepared to let you ask

the questions so that it addresses the concerns

that my friends have.


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1141

(The Panel confers).

THE CHAIRMAN: Ladies and Gentlemen, we're

going to take a break to consider this and I'd like

to tell you how long we'll be, but we don't know.

So we'll try and get back to you as soon as we can.

Thank you.

(Brief Adjournment)

THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you, everyone. The

Panel understands the submissions of the parties.

Thank you for those submissions. The Panel also

understands that there's a relationship between

Mr. Lambrecht's client and the company in terms of

the consultation process.

So the Panel is prepared to allow

Mr. Lambrecht to ask questions that are intended to

get at the facts, but believes that the questions

asking for opinions are problematic.

And so I would ask you to respond to that,

Mr. Lambrecht, in terms of whether you would like

to ask any further questions and rephrase them such

that they are related to the facts of the issue.

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1142

And what we could do is we could take the

lunch break now, if you were intending to do that,

so you would have a chance to rephrase them.

(Ruling)

MR. LAMBRECHT: Yes, that would be

appropriate, I think. I'll endeavour over the

lunch hour to reflect on the distinction that

you've drawn in order to refocus the questions in a

way that addresses the point that you've made.

THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you, Mr. Lambrecht.

And thank you, everyone.

So we will take our lunch break. We did talk

about having a briefer than usual lunch break, but

I think in the circumstances and considering that

we're going to stop at 3:00 in any event, that

we'll resume at 1:00 p.m. Thank you.


(The Luncheon Adjournment)

(12:00 p.m. to 1:00 p.m.)

THE CHAIRMAN: Mr. Duncanson.

MR. DUNCANSON: Good afternoon, Mr. Chairman.

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1143

I'll just take a brief moment to just mark two of

the three undertakings to Mr. Lambrecht from this

morning.

The first was all three amendments to the EUB

approval.

And the second is all four amendments to the

EPEA operating approval.

So we have both of those. There's copies

provided at the back of the room as well.

THE CHAIRMAN: What do you think we should

do, mark the EUB and EPEA ones separately?

MR. DUNCANSON: Probably separate exhibits.

MR. PERKINS: The first number we have,

sir, is 001-081.

THE CHAIRMAN: So we'll make that the EUB

amendments. And 82 for the EPEA amendments.

EXHIBIT 001-081: SHELL UNDERTAKING - EUB

AMENDMENTS - REQUESTED BY GOVERNMENT OF CANADA

(MR. LAMBRECHT)

EXHIBIT 001-082: SHELL UNDERTAKING - EPEA

AMENDMENTS - REQUESTED BY GOVERNMENT OF CANADA

(MR. LAMBRECHT)

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1144

MR. DUNCANSON: Great. Thank you, sir.

MR. LAMBRECHT: Mr. Chairman, having regard

to your comments, I've endeavoured to reformulate

the questions that I had asked in a manner that

would not be objectionable to Ms. Biem or

Ms. Bishop. And I've discussed that with them. So

I'm going to endeavour to re-ask those questions.

If I'm successful, you will not hear from them.

Q. So, Mr. Broadhurst, I'll direct these to you.

Has Shell attempted to reach arrangements

with Aboriginal groups, whether First Nation or

Métis, in respect of the Shell Jackpine Mine

Expansion Project?

A. MR. BROADHURST: Yes, we have.

Q. Have you reached such arrangements with any groups?

A. Yes, sir, we've reached an arrangement with the

Mikisew Cree First Nations and Fort McKay First

Nations and Métis 63.

Q. And what are the outstanding Aboriginal concerns

that appear on the record?

A. So I'm going to ask Ms. Jefferson to speak to that.

A. MS. JEFFERSON: Could you repeat the

question?

Q. What are the outstanding Aboriginal concerns that

appear on the record?

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1145

A. Could you maybe elaborate a little bit on that? So

the Aboriginal concerns?

Q. In respect of the Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion,

how the Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion Project may

affect Aboriginal interests, is there an expression

of outstanding concerns in the record?

A. Yes. Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation has

outstanding concerns. And also I think we've heard

from The Métis Nation Region 1 and including Métis

Local 125. And Fort McMurray 468 First Nation, I

believe, still has some outstanding concerns.

Q. Did you describe these concerns in the record, did

Shell describe these outstanding concerns in the

record?

A. So we would have described these outstanding in the

consultation records and logs that we have provided

to the Crown. So in terms of the consultation, I'm

not sure if I'm answering the question.

Q. Is that record here in front of the Panel when you

referred to the logs that you have provided to the

Crown?

A. I don't believe the Panel has the Consultation Logs

that we provided to the Crown, but that's subject

to check. I apologize, they were submitted as part

of the record that the Panel has before them.

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1146

Q. Could you provide the exhibit numbers where the

documentation of that could be found, please.

A. Yes.

A. MR. BROADHURST: Give us just a moment.

A. MS. JEFFERSON: Yes, just give us a moment.

We'll take an undertaking to get you the exhibit

numbers for the Consultation Logs.

I'd also add that outstanding concerns would,

may be reflected in the technical reviews that were

completed by, the technical review completed by the

Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation, and in

traditional land use and knowledge studies that are

before the Panel.

Q. Thank you. So could we ask for an undertaking,

please, just so that it's clear, to produce the

exhibit numbers of the documents where those

outstanding concerns can be found?

MR. DENSTEDT: That sounded clear to me, so.

MR. LAMBRECHT: Madam Reporter? Thank you.

UNDERTAKING 17: MR. BROADHURST TO PROVIDE THE

EXHIBIT NUMBERS WHERE THE CONSULTATION LOGS THAT

WERE PROVIDED TO THE CROWN ARE FOUND AND PROVIDE

THE EXHIBIT NUMBERS OF THE DOCUMENTS WHERE THE

OUTSTANDING CONCERNS CAN BE FOUND

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1147

Q. MR. LAMBRECHT: I'm going to turn the

page of my notes which means I'm turning to a

different subject matter. And I'm going to ask you

to turn to page 1-10 of Exhibit 001-001A, this is

Volume 1 of the binder that is described as

Volume 1 of what I describe as the Environmental

Impact Assessment or EIA.

A. MR. BROADHURST: Yes, sir, we have that.

Q. On that page, Mr. Broadhurst, there's a heading

described as "Fort McKay Lease Development

Opportunity"?

A. Yes.

Q. There's a reference to "Fort McKay Indian Reserve

No. 174C Lands." Do you see that?

A. Yes, I do.

Q. All right. Now, there is a map that appears in the

overview at page 1-3. It is Figure 1-2, Jackpine

Mine Expansion Development Area. Could you pull

that up, please.

A. Yes.

Q. All right. And I see two areas of land contiguous

to the Jackpine Mine Expansion Project area that

are listed as Fort McKay Indian Reserve No. 174C.

Are both of these referenced in that previous

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1148

paragraph or only one of them?

A. No, it is the two lease -- or the one lease with

the two segments to it.

Q. If the Jackpine Mine Expansion Project receives all

of the approvals that it requires, and if a final

investment decision is made by the joint venture

partners such that the Project proceeds to

development, will the bitumen resources in Fort

McKay Indian Reserve No.174C be sterilized?

A. I wouldn't say that they would be sterilized. They

would be not part of the Jackpine Mine Expansion.

However, they are still resources available to Fort

McKay and could be developed.

Q. When you look at Figure 110, at the text on

page 1-10 that I had referred you to earlier, it

indicates that these could be developed in

conjunction with this Project and that, indeed,

Shell has included these reserve lands in its

Environmental Impact Assessment. Is it still

possible that these lands could be developed in

association with this Jackpine Mine Expansion but

through a future application?

A. So the original work that had been done

contemplated a development scheme that could have

included the Fort McKay leases. Discussions took

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1149

place, but there was nothing conclusive that would

have supported including that as part of the final

submission for this Amendment Application.

It is possible to revisit and develop a Mine

Plan that would include the leases. Of course we

would need to seek additional approvals if we were

to proceed down that path.

Q. Now I'd like to ask you some questions about the

Muskeg River.

A. Yes.

Q. My understanding, in general terms, is that some

22 kilometres of what is said to be the upper

reaches of the Muskeg River would be affected by

the Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion Project; is that

correct?

A. Yes, that's correct.

Q. My understanding was that the original proposal was

to channel the water that flowed through those

affected upper reaches into a pipe so that it would

flow into the lower reaches through the pipe?

A. Yes, as part of a temporary diversion to support

the Mine Planning operation.

Q. And there's been a movement from that initial plan

toward a diversion channel. Now, why is that?

A. This has been discussed somewhat in the last

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1150

several days, but just to summarize. When we

consulted with a number of our stakeholders, and,

in particular with our Aboriginal neighbours, there

were concerns expressed with the temporary

diversion through a pipe, concerns about the nature

of the diversion, concerns about impacts to the

spirit of the river. And, of course, as we

discussed, I believe yesterday or the day before,

there's a significant resource that would be

compromised if we did not relocate the river;

approximately 400 million barrels.

So through discussions with our Aboriginal

neighbours, what we were able to devise was an

alternate scheme which we were quite pleased with

in the sense that it didn't amount to as much as a

trade-off decision between resource recovery and

environmental stewardship. But we could actually

provide an opportunity that was a good

environmental option for the river and for the

health of the river, and that was to relocate it

around the north of the mine through an open

channel. So we're very pleased that that option

looked to be viable and had presented that as our

Muskeg River Diversion Alternative.

Q. Yes, but that diversion alternative still

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1151

sterilizes bitumen resources, doesn't it?

A. No, the diversion alternative actually takes the

Muskeg River Mine and puts it north of the mine

site.

Q. It had been my understanding, sir, that --

A. Just one moment, please.

Q. Please.

A. So, I'm sorry, just a correction on that. There is

some resource sterilization with that option with

the slight adjustment to the mine pit that was

necessary. Subject to check, it was approximately

40 million barrels in contrast to the 400 million

barrels.

Q. Yes, but I have heard objections concerning the

diversion project regardless of that plan. And so

is there any reason other than the amount of

resource that is sterilized that would cause Shell

to propose a diversion channel rather than leaving

the upper reaches of the Muskeg River in place?

A. Well, it is a balanced decision where we need to

look at, on the one hand, the orderly, efficient

and economic development of the resource balanced

by ensuring that we can do it in a way that's

environmentally and socially responsible. It's our

job to look at how we can achieve that objective.

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1152

The original proposal, with the temporary

diversion, we thought was something that would

protect the river. But basis the consultation, we

came up with what we think is a better alternative

in terms of being able to meet that balance. So

there may still be some objections to any

disturbance of the river, but our job was to try

and find a solution that provided the best balance

given all of those considerations.

Q. Yes, I appreciate you made a balance. Is it

possible to proceed with the Shell Jackpine Mine

Expansion Project if the upper reaches of the

Muskeg River were not diverted?

A. I think it introduces a risk in the sense that we

premised the investment in the infrastructure and

the investment in the mining capacity based on

being able to access two billion barrels of

resource. With simple math, if you take 25 percent

of that away, I think it would introduce a risk to

whether the opportunity would be economic. That

would have to be determined at the time of the

investment decision.

Q. All right, let's move to the compensation lake,

please.

A. Yes.

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1153

Q. My understanding is that Shell has proposed a

compensation lake known as Redclay Lake --

A. Yes, we have.

Q. -- through a No Net Loss Plan. So my general

understanding of this is that the fish habitat in

the upper reaches of the Muskeg River will be, the

loss of that, through the proposal that you've just

discussed, would be offset through the development

of a compensation lake. Is that the general gist

of Shell's approach here?

A. Well, the requirement is if we have a HADD for the

watercourses on the site, that's where the 35(2)

authorization arises and where the compensation

obligation arises. It isn't just the Muskeg River,

but the concept is correct.

Q. Now, where is the proposed compensation lake, is it

on a leasehold that Shell has?

A. The compensation lake is proposed on the west side

of the Athabasca River in an area where Shell has

lease holdings.

Q. And my understanding is that it has a significant

capacity, in other words this is a very large

compensation lake compared to some others that may

have been proposed for prior oil sands mines. Why

is it so much bigger?

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1154

A. So what I'm going to do is ask my colleague

Mr. Kovach to talk about the compensation lake. He

has more of the details behind it that might be

helpful.

Q. Thank you.

A. MR. KOVACH: Yes, thank you.

We calculated the HADD, the Harmful

Alteration, Disruption or Destruction of habitat,

fish habitat, for the Project. And when we

started, we had a combined Project, we had the

Jackpine Mine Expansion Project and the Pierre

River Mine project.

So the original size of the compensation lake

that you look at shows the compensation for both

projects. And because the Pierre River Mine

project affects a number of streams as well, that's

why the compensation lake is probably as big as it

is. But I guess the key message is is the

compensation lake is as big as it needs to be to

address the compensation that's required, the HADD

that's incurred.

Q. Now I want to talk to you about methylmercury.

This is discussed in the Project Draft No Net Loss

Plan, which is Exhibit 001-064B. I don't think I

need to take you there because I don't need to

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1155

refer to the document. But I want to talk to you

about the general problem here.

My understanding is that the creation of this

particular lake through the No Net Loss Plan will

inherently give rise to a methylmercury problem.

Is that your understanding?

A. Yeah, our understanding is, with reservoirs, if you

inundate them with water, that the organic matter

could get reduced and cause methylmercury to be

taken up through the food chain.

Q. Right. So how is Shell going to ensure that fish

that may inhabit the compensation lake do not enter

the fishery whether an Aboriginal fishery or

recreational fishery or a commercial fishery?

A. Well, excuse me for one sec, I'm just going to

check what we've said on this.

Thank you for your patience.

Yes, Shell's proposing an intensive fish

harvesting program based on intensive monitoring,

so if we saw increases of mercury in fish tissue,

that's where we would harvest the fish to make sure

that these fish weren't consumed by wildlife or

humans.

Q. Yes, well, I'm more concerned about the humans, but

I do understand that the document that you tendered

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1156

talks about the consumption of fish by great blue

herons and river otters as well. But let's focus

on the human fishery, whether it's Aboriginal or

commercial or recreational. I mean, is there some

chance that these fish may enter the fishery that I

just described, one of those fisheries, or any of

them?

A. Yes, I guess that would be a possibility. And

we're, we welcome further discussions with

Fisheries and Oceans Canada on that if we want to

put in additional preclusion measures to make sure.

Again, we think we can manage the methylmercury

issue, but if there are concerns about that going

into the Athabasca, we can preclude fish from

leaving the lake.

Q. Well, how are you proposing to do that?

A. My understanding is, and maybe I'll just ask our

fish expert if he wants to speak to it, it might be

better, or if I answer it.

My colleagues have pointed me to the

Mitigation section of the Draft No Net Loss Plan.

It's section 6.3.4.5 of the Draft No Net Loss Plan

on page 72.

Q. Now, when I read that, I saw, if you look at

page 72 of that, for example, that there is a

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1157

proposal to ask ESRD to post in the Alberta Fishery

Guide for the relevant species, warning signs

around the lake. Now, ESRD is what? There's an

acronym here.

A. I'm sorry, it's Alberta Environment Sustainable

Resource Development.

Q. All right. So are you saying that you require the

assistance of government to achieve assurance that

the fish that monitoring may detect to have

unhealthy levels of mercury, to ensure that these

fish do not enter the fishery?

A. Yes, these are all concepts about ways to protect

human exposure to mercury. So, again, our

mitigation would be, and we think it will be

successful, it will be to take the larger, the

higher trophic species fish out of the watershed --

or out of the compensation lake, therefore if there

are any fish that are moving between the

compensation lake and the receiving environment,

their mercury levels will be low.

Like most rivers, major rivers in Alberta,

there are elevated mercury levels, and what we

would expect is that they have fish advisories on

them, and what we would suggest is that it would be

a good thing to do, for Alberta Environment

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1158

Sustainable Resource Development to put it in their

Alberta Fishing Guide that this lake should not be

fished in, so people don't put themselves at

unnecessary risk. And that we can also do other

things like post signs and whatnot to keep people

out. It's just a nice precaution to make sure that

it's not fished.

Q. Well, is this lake going to be connected to the

Athabasca River?

A. Yes, it will be.

Q. And what's to keep the fish from going into the

river?

A. Well, the fish will go into the river. But what

we're suggesting is if you harvest on an annual

basis, you're taking the higher trophic-level

species out of the lake and therefore the species

that do move between the watersheds have those

lower levels of mercury, so we're not having a harm

to the Athabasca River.

Q. You would agree with me that the methylmercury

problem is a concern?

A. Yes, it's a concern we're taking very seriously and

we'll continue to work on that with DFO.

Q. Yes, but you mention DFO, but in your document you

also require the assistance of Alberta Sustainable

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1159

Resources Development; is that correct?

A. I don't think I'm doing a good job of conveying

what I'm trying to say. We are confident in our

mitigation. We're going to work at that and make

sure it works. These are things we can do. And we

think they are prudent steps we can take, again, as

a good neighbour. So you want to go and talk to

the local communities, you do want to post these

types of things in fishing guides, you want to make

sure that the health of the people are protected.

If these didn't happen, if we didn't go to Alberta

Environment SRD, we still believe that the health

of the people and wildlife will be protected due to

this Project.

Q. All right, but I want to hear from you that there's

a level of certainty that approaches the certain,

so far as science can do this, in mitigating this

risk so that these fish do not enter the food

chain.

So my question for you is, you're confident,

but is there something that this Panel can

recommend to governments to further augment these

mitigations so that there is that level of

certainty that these fish will not enter the

fishery?

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1160

A. One moment please.

A. MR. CLIPPERTON: Kasey Clipperton. The

strategy that Shell has proposed through the

intensive fishing would be triggered after

monitoring of fish in the lake where fish would be

collected and the fish tissue would be sent for

analysis to determine the concentration of mercury

in the fish tissue. And if the fish tissue was

approaching a level that was exceeding guideline

recommendations, that's when the intensive fishing

program would be initiated.

The details of the intensive fishing program

aren't laid out. However, the concept would be the

use of appropriate-sized gill nets that would

target the larger-sized fish that would be of most

concern for the consumption advisory. Gill

nettings can be a very, are a very effective

fishing method and with the appropriate level of

fishing effort applied, each year, if necessary,

they can effectively remove the vast majority, if

not all, of the larger fish that would be at risk

within the compensation lake.

A. MR. MARTINDALE: And I'd like to add that

also we have a compensation lake at Jackpine Mine

right now. And with DFO, we've established a very

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1161

thorough monitoring program and we would carry out

a similar-type program with any other compensation

lake that we develop. And that's sampling at

different times of the year, through the ice, it's

an all-year monitoring program.

Q. What is your level of confidence that this will

prevent fish from entering the fishery?

A. I was just adding that it would add confidence as

to the quality and health of the fish in the -- and

the methylmercury would be able to be part of that

program, just like it is now. So they would take

physical structures to monitor the fish leaving the

lake, but in terms of monitoring on an annual

basis, we would do the same as what we're doing

now.

Q. I presume that Shell would not object if a future

decision-maker imposed conditions upon a future

approval, whichever jurisdiction has -- whichever

Crown has jurisdiction in this regard in order to

ensure that fish with unhealthy levels of

methylmercury do not enter the fishery?

A. MR. BROADHURST: So, thank you, I can take

that one.

So just to be clear. With the design that

we've contemplated with the Redclay compensation,

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1162

we do have experience in designing, building and

managing compensation lakes. We have a lake on

Jackpine that's healthy, it's vibrant. And so we

know how to do that.

The plans that we put in place for Redclay

have identified how we would do the design and

management, as well as being clear about the risk.

Coming to your point, of course when we work

with the regulator, to the extent that we need to

put controls in place that will give ourselves and

the regulator confidence that we can manage the

risk of exposure from a methylmercury point of

view, then we would do that.

Q. All right, then I have two final questions. They

can both be dealt with by way of undertaking.

The first one requires me to ask you to turn

back to page 1-3, please, in Volume 1, the binder,

Exhibit 001-001A. This is Figure 1-2, Jackpine

Mine Expansion Development Area.

A. Yes, sir.

Q. All right. Now, this map shows the boundaries by

township and range. And what I'd like to ask you

to undertake, please, is a description of the

Jackpine Mine Expansion Project as a size of a

township, is it one Township, two Townships, 1.37

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1163

Townships, how big is it measured as a Township?

A. So just so I'm clear, we'll come back as an

undertaking to just give a characterization of the

Jackpine Mine Development Area in terms of

Township. Now --

Q. That's all.

A. -- as we talked before, there's a mine pit

boundary, there's the mine disturbance area, and

then there's a lease boundary. Is it the mine

disturbance area that you're interested in?

Q. What I would describe as the total Project area

which includes all the components of it.

A. Yes, well, then I believe what you're looking for

is the mine disturbance area, because there are

parts of the lease that don't have development on,

so.

Q. I would be content with that.

A. Okay, we can provide that.

MR. DENSTEDT: So I think the undertaking is

to provide the mine disturbance area in the context

of how much of a Township or in that relationship?

MR. LAMBRECHT: Yes, that is correct. So

that we don't have to convert hectares to Townships

or do complicated measurements in order to arrive

at that figure.

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1164

A. Yes, we can provide that.


UNDERTAKING 18: MR. BROADHURST TO PROVIDE THE

MINE DISTURBANCE AREA IN THE CONTEXT OF "HOW

MUCH OF A TOWNSHIP"

MR. LAMBRECHT: And then the final question I

have for you by way of undertaking refers to a

statement by your counsel that the approval of a

Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council is required for any

Section 13 decision that the ERCB component of this

Panel may make under the Oil Sands Conservation

Act.

I would like you to consult with counsel

about that and advise if that remains the position

that was expressed on the record earlier by your

counsel.

MR. DENSTEDT: That's an undertaking we're

prepared to accept. I can tell you that we may not

need to consult because it is a legal question, I'm

the legal advisor, and I know what my legal advice

will be is that we've had a chance to look at that

further and we don't think that argument floats,

actually. But we'll get back to you and confirm

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1165

that on the record.

UNDERTAKING 19: WITH RESPECT TO THE STATEMENT BY

COUNSEL FOR SHELL THAT THE APPROVAL OF A

LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR-IN-COUNCIL IS REQUIRED FOR

ANY SECTION 13 DECISION THAT THE ERCB COMPONENT

OF THIS PANEL MAY MAKE UNDER THE OIL SANDS

CONSERVATION ACT, TO CONSULT WITH SHELL COUNSEL

ABOUT THAT AND ADVISE IF THAT REMAINS THE

POSITION THAT WAS EXPRESSED ON THE RECORD EARLIER

BY YOUR COUNSEL

MR. LAMBRECHT: Mr. Dilay, that concludes my

questioning. Mr. Broadhurst and others, thank you.

THE CHAIRMAN: Thanks, Mr. Lambrecht.

MR. DENSTEDT: Mr. Chairman, would it be

useful for me just to confer with Mr. Broadhurst

now and finish this?

THE CHAIRMAN: Let's do that.

MR. DENSTEDT: Mr. Chairman, I can discharge

that undertaking.

Shell does not take the position that

Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council is required. They

take the position that it is not required under the

amendment under Section 13.

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1166

THE CHAIRMAN: Thanks, Mr. Denstedt.

(UNDERTAKING NO. 19 SATISFIED)

THE CHAIRMAN: Mr. Perkins, can you take us

to about 3:00 p.m.?

QUESTIONS BY BOARD STAFF, BY MR. PERKINS:

MR. PERKINS: I think so, sir. Always

seems to be the fate of Board counsel to be asking

questions late on a Friday. I'm sure at 3:05, if

I'm on my feet, I'll quickly become the most hated

man in Fort McMurray, so I will stop at 3 o'clock.

Q. Panel, I'm going to ask you questions provided to

me by the Secretariat and I'll say primarily staff

with the ERCB.

I know, Mr. Broadhurst, you're the point man

on this panel, and I may not address you, but to

the extent that that's your role, consider that as

the questions come over, I'm happy to have them be

funnelled through you or grabbed by any of the

members of your panel as you see fit.

A. MR. BROADHURST: Indeed.

Q. Generally speaking, panel, I'm not going to give

you all of the references with the expectation that

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1167

you will turn them up, unless in the question I'm

going to go to a specific part of the material, and

I think there's a need or a benefit for you to see

that, but certainly at any time you can feel free

to stop me and ask me for the reference so that you

can turn it up if you think you need it. All

right.

And just the game plan is I'm going to start

at the end, so to speak, with questions about

reclamation.

A. Okay.

Q. And then I'm going to come back, and probably in

this order, I'll have questions about geotechnical

and mining, process, tailings, surface water, air

emissions, socio-economic, and finish off with

noise. And I doubt very much we'll get through

that schedule today, but we'll see how far we can

go.

So starting with reclamation questions, has

Shell made any amendments to the Jackpine Mine

Expansion Closure and Reclamation Plan or

development status sequence figures since it

submitted its SIR responses in May of 2012?

A. MR. MARTINDALE: No, we haven't made any

changes.

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1168

Q. And I'll give you three references for the next

question.

In Volume 5 of the Application, Shell states:

"The development areas will

be phased over time allowing for

progressive reclamation practices

to be employed."

In the Supplemental Information Request Responses

from December of 2009, Figure 385-1, and that's on

page 23-17, shows reclamation of approximately

70 percent of the land disturbed by the Project

occurring in the final 15 years of the Project

life.

And finally the Supplemental Information

Request Responses, same December package, question

385B, in its response Shell outlines several

progressive reclamation practices that can be used.

My question is, apart from those practices

outlined in that response, are there other things

Shell can do to increase the rate of reclamation as

much as possible? And when I say "the rate of

reclamation," I mean reclaiming more disturbed land

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1169

earlier so that at any point in time the disturbed

area is minimized.

A. Based on the response, that is pretty much the

extent to which you can do progressive reclamation.

Q. So the factors listed in the response, nothing else

comes to mind for you?

A. Well, of meaningful reclamation, no. You could do

temporary reclamation in some areas, but it would

be buried again or have to be moved again. So

permanent final reclamation, these are pretty much

the way you would do it.

Q. And I'm sorry, Mr. Martindale, the expression you

used for the temporary reclamation that would be

buried again?

A. Or redisturbed. Temporary reclamation you would do

to prevent erosion, you know, when you know you're

going to be disturbing an area again.

Q. But it wouldn't be done for the intention of

restoring some land use?

A. No, it wouldn't.

Q. I'll give you three more references for the next

question.

In its EIA Update of May of 2008, Shell

indicated that:

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1170

"To minimize mixing,

reclamation material will be

stockpiled and separated into five

categories."

Table 27 of the Update shows the reclamation

material balance, including volumes to be hauled

annually to stockpile.

And then, finally, Figures 46-3 to 46-10 of

the Joint Review Panel SIRs from May 2012 identify

areas planned for reclamation material stockpiles.

So those are the three references you may

need for this question.

So I wanted to ask, would Shell agree or

disagree that based on the volumes presented in the

Table and the area shown on the figures, as well as

Shell's plan to segregate materials into five types

up to a maximum height of 20 metres, that beginning

in '25, unless additional areas are identified,

sufficient space will not be available for

reclamation material storage. Do you agree or

disagree with that?

A. So if I understand the question correctly, the

answer lies in that if we place the material

outside the mine footprint, you're right, there

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1171

wouldn't be enough room, so that's why we use areas

within the mine footprint. And we also use direct

placement whenever possible, so material that would

be mined and reclaimed -- some areas would be

reclaimed with material that would be freshly

stripped, so it's important to use the existing

mine footprint and there are sometimes we'll come

across piles that we have to move and some piles

will be moved more than once before the material is

used.

Q. I don't know if this helps, Mr. Martindale. I'm

told direct placement is reflected in the Table; do

you agree with that?

A. Yes.

Q. So I guess that's the heart of the suggestion,

then, and that is: Is all the reclamation material

reflected in the Table that you will have to store?

A. Just a clarification, that's Table 46-2?

Q. Sorry, no, it's Table 27 of Appendix 2 of the EIA

Update May 2008 and it's exhibit, it's part of

Exhibit 001-002B. And I believe it's on PDF

page 173. That's the material balance we're

looking at.

A. MR. SAWYER: Mark Sawyer. Could you

repeat the question?

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1172

Q. I'll try. This is the heart of it, Mr. Sawyer.

All the material reflected in Table 27, the

suggestion is, for the purpose of the question, all

that material cannot be placed in the stockpiles

that are indicated in Figures 46-3 to 46-10.

A. That is correct, because those figures only

reference the stockpiles that are outside the mine

footprint. So what we indicated is that some of

the stockpiles are actually placed within the mine

footprint, and continue to be moved ahead of the

mine advance until there's a situation where you

can ultimately place the material in its final

reclamation place. And those stockpiles that are

within the mine footprint aren't reflected in any

of the figures in the EIA.

Q. We're just curious that those volumes aren't

reflected in the figures. Is it possible -- and,

again, those are figures ending or tending to

represent the years 2015, 202, 2025, and four- and

five-year increments from 2030 to 2050, is it

possible for you or would you be able to prepare

new figures that would show us all of the material

that's reflected in Table 27 and its placement in

relation to the Project?

A. Right, I believe that's possible to show all of the

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1173

stockpiles that are within the mine footprint that

aren't necessarily shown in those figures.

Q. And just to be clear, then, you're telling me if

you showed me that, that would account for all of

the material that's reflected in Table 27?

A. That's correct.

Q. So could you undertake to provide those updated

figures?

A. We can take that undertaking. That won't be a

quick turnaround, but we'll get that.

Q. No, and that's fine, Mr. Sawyer.

Sorry, Mr. Denstedt, I've got a second part

of that.

If we're going to have a go at the figures,

can we have you amend the Table to reflect what

will be in the figures as well?

A. Sorry, could you repeat that?

Q. Sure. Can you update Table 27 to reflect the

reclamation material in the volume that's being

hauled to and removed from the stockpiles that will

be shown in the figures that you're going to

provide me?

A. So if I understand you correctly, you want the

Table to reference exactly with what's in the

figures so you want stockpile numbers and all of

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1174

the flow in and out of those stockpiles that would

match with the Table?

Q. Right, with the Table to match with the figures

that you're going to provide us.

A. Yes, we can provide that.

MR. DENSTEDT: Mr. Perkins, for the record,

can you give us the table and reference numbers and

maybe Mr. Sawyer could give us an idea about time,

as this panel will, with any luck, be down sometime

early next week.

A. Yes, I believe that this could be provided by the

end of next week.

MR. DENSTEDT: Is that okay?

MR. PERKINS: I think that's fine. I'm

sorry, Mr. Denstedt, did you want me to state for

the record where those items are in the --

MR. DENSTEDT: Yes. If you have those

references handy, Mr. Perkins, that would be great.

MR. PERKINS: Sure. The existing Table 27

is part of Exhibit 001-002B. It's PDF page 173 and

174. It's found in Appendix 2. And the existing

figures are in Exhibit 001-002B as well. Page 113.

I'm just looking. Those are the same references.

The Table is on page 113 and 114 of the document.

Sorry, I gave you the wrong reference for the

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1175

tables. They are in Exhibit 001-51E, and it's PDF

pages 145 to 152. Are we okay with that?

A. Sorry, we're just confirming that. So we're

referencing the Table in the May 2008 and we just

want to confirm when we updated in May 2011 with

Muskeg River Diversion Alternative that this

reclamation balance still matches that plan.

Sorry, just one more comment.

So I would suggest that if we endeavour to do

this, we will update both the balance and the

figures to reflect the May 2011 plan as that's the

most recent plan. And the figure for the May 2011

plan is represented in the May 2012 Submission.

Q. I'm told that's the right one, Mr. Sawyer.

UNDERTAKING 20: MR. SAWYER TO UPDATE THE

EXISTING TABLE 27 AND PROVIDE THE UPDATED FIGURES

REFLECT THE RECLAMATION MATERIAL IN THE VOLUME

THAT IS BEING HAULED TO AND REMOVED FROM THE

STOCKPILES THAT WILL BE SHOWN IN THE FIGURES 46-3

TO 46-10 THAT ARE GOING TO BE PROVIDED

Q. So just a final question along this line. And I

realize we need your undertaking response to better

understand your storage of this material, but I did

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1176

want to ask, and I suppose hypothetically, whether

Shell's identified additional areas within the

Project boundary for reclamation material

stockpiles if it needs that space; do you have that

flexibility?

A. There are two areas within the Jackpine Mine

Phase I footprint that we have investigated but are

not finalized for any form of stockpiling, and that

would be where the ore stockpile currently exists

and where the east overburden dump is to the

northeast of that. Those are areas outside of the

pit limit that are not proposed in this

Application.

Q. And, Mr. Sawyer, if you decided to use one of those

other, one or both of the other locations, have you

considered how that might affect the layout of the

other Project components on the expanded Jackpine

Mine site?

A. Those would have no impact on the other Project

components. Those would just reduce the amount of

stockpiled material within the mine footprint.

Q. Panel, I'll give you three more references for the

next questions.

In the Application, Shell states:

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1177

"Wetlands reconstruction

practices will follow the 2007

draft Guideline for Wetland

Establishment on Reclaimed Oil

Sands Leases as amended in the

final version to be released..."

In Volume 5, and that's of Exhibit 001-001E

of the Application, Shell states:

"Reclamation of wetlands

types within the closure landscape

for the Expanded Jackpine Mine has

been approached conservatively with

an emphasis on considering the

succession and sustainability of

wetland ecosystems. Littoral zones

bordering open water and pit lakes

and constructed wetlands will be

revegetated with wetlands species

and are expected to become

functional graminoid marsh (MONG),

over time. For the purposes of

this plan, littoral zones have been

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1178

identified separately from wetlands

types in Table 17 to reflect this

conservative approach.

In the same way, depressional

areas created by microtopography of

landforms and areas surrounding

closure drainage features will be

revegetated with wetlands species

and are expected to evolve into

marsh wetland types over time. For

the purposes of this closure plan,

these depressional areas have been

identified separately from wetlands

types in Table 17 to reflect this

conservative approach."

And then the final reference I'll give you is

to that Table 17, which is in Exhibit 001-001E, and

that's Volume 5, Appendix 5-1, page 64 of the

material, which I believe is PDF page 605.

And Table 17 shows the reduction of wetland

ecosites from an initial area of 11,259 hectares to

zero hectares at closure within the expanded

Jackpine Mine Development Area.

So those are the references.

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1179

We wanted to ask you to explain why the

littoral zones and the depressional areas which

Shell expects to evolve into marsh wetland types

were not included as wetland in Table 17?

A. MR. KOVACH: Yes, thank you. The reason

why those weren't counted, it was simply to be

conservative in that we mentioned in that while we

expect them to be wetlands, we didn't want to be

presumptuous that they would be. It's just a way

of when we talk about wetland losses that we're

conservative.

Q. Shell also states that it's planning to develop the

following wetland landscapes at closure: Marshes,

MONG, with constructed wetlands, littoral zones and

drainage outlets.

So what we're just trying to get at is, is

Shell or is Shell not committing to reclaim

constructed wetlands as part of the closure

landscape?

A. Yes, Shell is committed, absolutely committed to

this. We've, we have ongoing relationships with

Syncrude and Suncor currently where we're

participating with them in peatland development.

We're also working with Ducks Unlimited Canada and

Wetlands International to look at integrating

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1180

ecosystem services into our wetland design. We

continue to work through the cumulative

Environmental Management Association's aquatic

subgroup under the Reclamation Working Group

providing wetlands, and through CONRAD's

Environmental Research Group. So we're very

involved in wetlands and we're working to put them

in the reclaimed environment.

When we look at them from an EIA perspective,

though, we want to be conservative in what we call

wetlands so that we don't underestimate the

potential impacts.

Q. And I understand you want to be conservative, but

are you being inconsistent, then, when Table 17

appears to reflect no wetland reclamation?

A. I'm sorry to ask you to just rephrase that,

Mr. Perkins. I'm not -- we're unclear exactly what

the conflict is there, the inconsistency, sorry.

Q. I'm just having another look at the Table,

Mr. Kovach.

A. Okay.

Q. Maybe it's easiest this way. Do you agree that

Table 17 reflects zero wetland reclamation?

A. Yes, I would agree with that.

Q. But you're telling us that you're going to reclaim

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1181

wetlands?

A. Yes, that is correct.

Q. So is it worthwhile to amend Table 17 to reflect

that or you're reluctant to do that for one reason

or another?

A. One moment.

A. MR. SPELLER: Mr. Perkins, maybe I can

help. So in that Table, so we don't put them in as

reclaimed wetlands or show them as reclaimed

because we don't necessarily believe they are

categorized as wetlands on the first day, and so

the description we have here about how they will

turn into wetlands is how we've assessed them.

But the categories that we would be looking

at that would convert to wetlands would be the

littoral zone row, so I'm on page 65 now. It would

also expect some of the shrubland row, whose map

code is capital "Sh", would be converting to

wetlands over time.

Q. Thank you, Mr. Speller. And actually, that's the

next question I have.

You said they would convert over time, and

that's also in your material. Can you say what

length of time we're talking about for the littoral

zones and depressional areas to evolve into marsh

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1182

wetlands?

A. Our colleagues are helping us with that answer, so.

The classifications that we're using here are based

on the Alberta guidance for these different

categories.

The littoral zones and the shrublands will

start off wet and we believe it will be a decade or

two or three for them to convert into wetlands

under the guide, to be categorized into a wetland

category.

Q. Thank you, Mr. Speller.

I've got a question now about closure

landforms, and I'll give you a couple of

references.

Two out of the May 2008 EIA Update. Shell

states:

"The entire landscape will be

recontoured to incorporate variable

topography. Ideally, dumps should

be recontoured without benches and

should achieve a regular topography

with non-linear contour lines."

And at another location in the -- sorry,

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1183

that's out of Appendix 1.

Appendix 2, Shell states (as read):

"General physical properties

of overburden disposal area

structures include slopes that are

terraced and range from 4:1 through

10:1. Note that terraces may be

reduced for closure."

In the Supplemental Information Request

Responses from December 2009, and this is in

response to Question 364, Shell states:

"No issues are expected with

terraces within the reclaimed areas

in the Jackpine Mine Expansion.

All slopes are designed to shed

water in a controlled manner that

minimizes the possibility of any

substantial ponding, concentrated

runoff or erosion."

Further on:

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1184

"Recontouring of bench (or

terrace) areas on these landforms

will be considered in cases where

the purpose of benching was not to

allow progressive reclamation."

Another statement in the material:

"The inclusion of terraced

areas on closure landscapes allows

precipitation to be retained on the

surface of overburden disposal

areas and dyke walls, thereby

providing the potential to maintain

greater soil moisture in terraced

areas."

And then the final piece I'll give you from

the Supplemental Information Request -- sorry, from

the Supplemental Information Request Responses

December 2009, Shell states:

"In addition, planning and

construction techniques that allow

permanent reclamation of all or

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1185

part of a landform include:

...

- terracing overburden dumps to

allow reclamation of the lowest

terraces before the upper terraces

are fully constructed."

So given those comments, what we're

interested in, Panel, is what is Shell's commitment

in regards to reducing benching or terracing of

landforms as part of a closure landscape, and

specifically, will there be bench landforms in the

closure landscape.

A. MR. MARTINDALE: Yes, the one -- at

closure, we do not plan to have terraces. And the

one statement where it was benching, that was sort

of describing the way you would do progressive

reclamation up a slope, so you would still take it

to the edge. It meant level. And then you develop

to the edge. And so you don't have terraces at the

end of that. It was just to describe the way it

was being built. But there would be no terraces in

the final landscape. There would be partially at

some points.

Q. So that's your commitment, then, not to have

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1186

benching and terracing in the final closure

landscape?

A. Correct.

Q. All right. Thank you, Mr. Martindale.

I'm going to move on to geotechnical

questions. I'll give you this reference. It's

Exhibit 001-001A. It's Volume 1 of the

Application, Section 7.3. Shell states that:

"The design and construction

methods proposed for the sand dykes

are similar to those used in the

approved South [External Tailings

Disposal Area]."

The first question I have for you is what is

the current setback distance of the south ETDA from

the lease boundary?

A. MR. ROBERTS: Just allow us a couple of

moments here. Subject to check, I believe it's 150

metres from the south ET, external tailings

facility to the lease boundary.

Q. Mr. Roberts, I wonder if I can take you to Figure

7-2. And that's in Exhibit 001-001A. Let me know

when you're there.

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1187

A. Okay.

Q. What's your reaction if I suggest to you that that

indicates that the setback is about 120 metres,

would you agree with that or disagree?

A. Again, the 150 metres I mentioned was subject to

check. I'll have to -- we will have to check that.

Q. And the reason we're asking, sir, is we have an SIR

Response from Shell, it's Exhibit 001-006B. And

that indicates to us that Shell was planning on a

200-metre setback. We're just trying to find out

what your intentions are.

A. Okay, allow us a few moments here. So we'll have

to take an undertaking to actually determine what

that is. The area on the, around the TT cell and

what's referred to as the MFT cell right now, and

the start of the second MFT cell as you go east,

that's already been constructed. So I'll need to

do a check in the field. That was constructed as

part of Jackpine Mine Phase I.

Q. All right. Thank you, Mr. Roberts.

MR. DENSTEDT: I'm not exactly clear what

that undertaking is, so perhaps we can clarify it.

MR. PERKINS: I believe the undertaking is

you're going to confirm the setback distance of the

south ETDA from the lease boundary.

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1188

A. Yes, from Syncrude's Lease T30?

MR. PERKINS: That's correct. Thank you.

UNDERTAKING 21: MR. ROBERTS TO CONFIRM THE

SETBACK DISTANCE OF THE SOUTH ETDA FROM SYNCRUDE'S

LEASE T30 BOUNDARY

MR. PERKINS:

Q. Panel, does Shell have contingency plans for

variations in the dyke design parameter selection

or assumptions, and that is does Shell have an

ability to accommodate changes that might be needed

in the final detailed design plan?

A. Is that with respect to wider slopes? Looking for

clarification there. Wider slopes or toe berms or?

Q. Any of those, sir.

A. So I'm -- could you clarify which? Are we talking

about ETFs or dumps?

MR. DENSTEDT: Perhaps if Mr. Sawyer's the

right person to answer the question, maybe go

directly to him instead of back and forth. That

might be useful.

Q. MR. PERKINS: Mr. Roberts and

Mr. Sawyer, we're interested in the tailing dykes.

A. Both the southern and the northern?

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1189

Q. Specifically the southern.

A. Okay, but the southern is part of our existing

approval.

Q. No, but you're also applying to extend that

tailings dyke; right?

A. Yes.

Q. Okay, so that's what we're interested in.

A. The hatched mark on the bottom right corner of the

ETF?

Q. That's the location we're talking about.

A. Okay.

A. MR. SAWYER: So Mark Sawyer here.

So with respect to the sand cell 2,

specifically the area that has not been developed,

the contingency measures that we're implementing

there were accommodating on lease, so we've used

monitoring of the current ETF, the current

constructed portions of it, the thickened tailings

cell and sand cell 1, and the additional subsurface

information we've collected, and we've designed

sand cell 2 with flatter slopes to accommodate the

updated understanding of the subsurface.

Q. So you told me, Mr. Sawyer, what Shell has done.

What we're interested in is are there other things

Shell can do if it discovers there's other

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1190

challenges building the dyke to the proposed

specifications? Do you have some wiggle room I

guess is what we're after.

A. So spatially we do not have any additional wiggle

room within our lease. The area between the toe of

the dyke and the lease boundary is all accommodated

by the various infrastructure required to operate

the ETF, the tailings lines and ditches and

perimeter roads. So any wiggle room, as you refer

to it, would be off-lease, which we do not have

agreement for nor have we proposed.

Q. And two elements we're interested in. Firstly, has

Shell explored the foundation conditions, is Shell

satisfied that those are sufficient to allow you to

build to the design elevation?

A. So the understanding of the foundation conditions

is adequate for the design as its been done. We

continue to update our understanding of the

foundation conditions. And the ultimate height of

the facility will be reviewed as we monitor the

structure as it rises and we gain additional

understanding of the subsurface.

Q. And, Mr. Sawyer, if it turns out in the detailed

design that Shell can't build to the proposed

elevation, do you have a plan to account for that,

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1191

to respond to that?

A. We haven't identified specific contingencies. We

continue to, as I mentioned, monitor the progress

of the facility as it rises, much like we have with

the Muskeg River Mine, and we adaptively manage and

update our tailings plans on an annual basis to

respond to our knowledge of the structure as it's

developed.

Q. So apart from the plan, can you say what the

consequences to Shell might be if the height of the

ETDA is limited to below the current design height,

how would it impact your operation?

A. MR. ROBERTS: So from a volume balance

perspective, we find we have a shortfall of sand,

we'll actually have to alter our mining plans to

accommodate earlier in-pit storage. And that may

involve things such as excavating and rehandling

ore and changing our fleet requirements.

Q. Thank you, Mr. Roberts. I'll give you a reference

again to the Application. It's Exhibit 001-001A,

that's Volume 1. In Section 5.3, page 5-17. Shell

states:

"A setback of 150 m has been

incorporated based on industry

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1192

practice and experience at the

Muskeg River Mine."

And in SIR Response 108C, page 10-6, and that

is Exhibit 001-006B, Shell identified that the pit

interaction failures are more limiting in

determining setback distances. Also, Shell set a

pit interaction failure criterion for the short

term as a 1.1 factor of safety.

Finally, the last reference I'll give you; in

a project update, Shell proposed to change the

Muskeg River diversion pipeline to a diversion

channel via a different route. And the question I

have about the channel: Is Shell going to line the

diversion channel beds?

A. MR. FITCH: The answer is no.

Q. And, Mr. Fitch, what's the potential for local

wetting and seepage into pit or are there any

potential impacts on stability?

A. From the diversion channel to the mine?

Q. Right.

A. Well, as part of the detailed design for the

channel, there will be an investigation program and

the channel will be lined as required to prevent

that from occurring.

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1193

Q. So you don't plan now to line it, but you may line

it if the requirement proves itself?

A. There are portions of the channel alignment that we

know are underlain by sand, and those will need to

be lined. But, as I say, it will be part of the

detailed investigation that will determine where

exactly the lining will be required.

I should add, there were some questions

previously on the diversion channel and when it

would be -- I believe that was Mr. Malcolm -- when

it will be constructed. So this will be, you know,

it will be constructed well in advance of the need

to divert the water into this channel, so there's

plenty of time to do the investigations and get

things right before water flows through this

channel.

Q. Are there measures available to Shell to deal with

events like channel overflows or breaches from

things, from events like ice jams or beaver dams?

A. You know, the diversion channel is, you know, it's

a fairly large diversion, but it's nothing special.

So in our design, which is admittedly at a

conceptual level at the moment, it is designed with

berms. These will be oversized berms. The

overtopping of a berm and loss of containment to

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1194

have the Muskeg River flow into the pit would be

definitely a bad thing, so it's not a great deal of

effort to prevent that from happening, even in the

case of an ice jam.

Q. Would you agree or disagree that there have been

several changes to Shell's Mine and Tailings Plan

since the original Application was submitted?

A. MR. ROBERTS: Yes, that's fair to say.

Q. And is Shell confident that there will be

sufficient capacity in the proposed overburden

storage areas to properly contain all the

overburden waste material?

A. MR. SAWYER: Yes, we're confident the

additional storage in what we've called the Fort

Hills dump in the Jackpine Mine Expansion area has

significant additional capacity to manage any

waste. The footprint that's shown there is

reflective of the material balance that's part of

this plan, but there is quite a bit of additional

space to either expand the footprint or actually

take it up an elevation as well to accommodate more

material.

Q. And is Shell planning to place landfills and/or

soft tailings deposits in the overburden disposal

areas?

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1195

A. So the overburden disposal areas are designed to

manage both slop that occurs as part of the regular

operations and we're also reviewing as part of

Directive 074 initiatives to manage what we call

atmospheric fines, dried fines material into our

dumps. That is one of several options that are

being investigated with the Directive 074

initiatives. However, with the current AFD

operations at MRM, we are managing that material

into the dump there, so we do have some information

on how that can be accommodated.

Q. So sounds to me, Mr. Sawyer, that you said that

you're not planning to do that but you might

consider doing that if you needed to; is that

right?

A. That is correct.

Q. And if Shell decided to do that, could that impact

Shell's dump storage capacity, construction or

performance?

A. As I mentioned, the dumps, the conceptual design

for the dumps that is there already considers

handling of soft materials, the slop that's managed

as part of regular operations, and the incremental

management of fines with regards to tailings

deposits, dried tailings deposits, would not

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1196

fundamentally impact dump storage.

Q. I just wanted to go back, if I could, for a second,

to the diversion channel. Will dewatering

operations in north areas of the mine lead to

induced seepage from the diverted Muskeg River

whether in lined or in unlined areas?

A. MR. FITCH: Once again, the same concerns

around pit stability leads Shell to ensuring that

there's a barrier to prevent seepage out of the --

exfiltration out of the channel. So the short

answer is no.

Q. Has dewatering been accounted for in the channel

design?

A. Once again, at the moment we're at a conceptual

level. This has certainly been discussed. I guess

I can only repeat that in order to ensure that the

pit wall integrity is maintained, Shell will ensure

that the exfiltration from the channel bed is

minimal and that, that by that same process,

there's prevention of the interaction of dewatering

and the flows through the channel.

Q. Panel, I'll give you another reference from the

Application, Exhibit 001-001A, Volume 1, it's

Section 3.1, page 3.2. Shell states:

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1197

"The salt dissolution front

is currently interpreted as lying

below the Athabasca River. The

Jackpine Mine Expansion area is

situated east of the front, where

most of the salt in the Devonian

section has been leached out."

We're wondering if Shell has geological

interpretation maps and/or cross-sections showing

the salt dissolution front?

A. MR. ROBERTS: So could I get clarification

on that. The salt, the salt dissolution front,

what strata are we referring to?

Q. The Devonian, Mr. Roberts.

A. We have within the Jackpine Mine Expansion area, we

have, just have drilling data that goes in and tags

the Devonian, we haven't done any drilling beyond

the Devonian into the Halic Formations below.

Q. But is that all Shell used when it interpreted when

it came to the conclusion that's reflected in the

statement I read to you about Shell interpreting

the salt dissolution front lying below the

Athabasca River? I guess I'm trying to get to how

much work you've done and how strong your

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1198

conclusion is about the location of the salt

dissolution.

A. So just bear with me while I find that reference.

Q. I'm being told it's PDF page 68.

A. So I believe the data that we used for this was

regional data, and it's general in nature. And as

we firm up our understanding of the Devonian and

the stratas below the Devonian, as we get into our

mined footprint, we will have a much better

understanding of what we have below within the

Halic and the salt advance.

Q. So I'm just going to circle back to the question,

Mr. Roberts. We're interested in getting from you

geological interpretation maps or cross-sections

that Shell may have done to help them come to this

interpretation of where the salt dissolution front

is. So I guess the first part of that is do you

have those?

A. So we don't have those presently with us.

Q. You don't have them with you at the hearing?

A. No. And I would have to go back and --

Q. And to be fair to you, I'm not surprised.

A. Pardon me?

Q. I'm not surprised. Can we get them from you as an

undertaking?

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1199

A. Yeah, we'll do an undertaking to understand where

we got that information from, the core hole

information --

Q. Well --

A. -- that would have allowed us to define where those

horizons are within the subsurface.

Q. Okay, I'm going to try to make it even easier for

you. I thought you said you have interpretation

maps and cross-sections or a cross-section?

A. We have cross-sectional areas from the Devonian up.

Q. That you would have relied on to come to your

conclusions about the location of the salt

dissolution front?

A. Not from those. From regional data.

Q. Okay, but you have the cross-sections?

A. We have the cross-sections from the Devonian up,

which wouldn't show the salt advance.

Q. We're not going to ask you for what you don't have.

That's fine, we don't need that undertaking,

Mr. Denstedt.

What I would like to ask you is what are the

geo-mechanical characteristics of the Devonian

sections that have been leached out?

A. So we haven't done any drilling into the Devonian,

other than tagging it, so we wouldn't have that

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1200

information for the Jackpine Mine Expansion area.

We would have that information prior to finalizing

our pit design.

Q. Does Shell interpret any geological features such

as cavings, karst, sinks or faults in the Project

area?

A. So we have Devonian surfaces at a drill spacing

that allows some general interpretation. As we

progress the faces, we will be doing a more, a

tighter drill spacing which allows us to interpret

where we may or may not have anomalies in the

Devonian surfaces.

Q. And if you find those features, Mr. Roberts, what

are their potential impacts on your operations?

And I know you had a bit of a discussion I think

with Ms. Flook about this, what measures can you

take to address that?

A. Yeah, sure, we would employ geological protocols

that we have in place, but I'll let Mr. Mayes speak

to this because he dealt with this issue at our

Muskeg River Mine.

A. MR. MAYES: So out of the Cell 2A

experience at the Muskeg River Mine, as a result of

that experience, we spent considerable time and

effort to understand the structure of the Devonian

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1201

surface and below. And out of that work, we have

an understanding of how to predict areas of higher

hazard and higher risk for the presence of cracks

or casts that may allow the fluid, the passage of

fluid upwards.

So we've completed those surveys in the

Muskeg River Mine, and we are just completing them

in Jackpine Mine, so just getting to the point of

completing them.

So we've learnt how to do that process.

When we apply that to JPME, we'll get a map

of the subsurface that hopefully won't show any

areas of concern. But if there was an area of

concern, we have some options about how to manage

that hazard. So one simple option is to leave the

area untouched, that would be at one end of the

scale. Then we could have something more

intermediate where we remove the overburden and

mine but leave some in-situ oil sands over the

higher risk area, so that's less drastic.

We also have options to drill into the

Devonian surface and place any number of types of

grouts into the casts or fractures or passageways

to seal them up proactively before we would then

mine the surface out.

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1202

So there's a range of techniques that we have

at our availability and all of them depend on the

actual hazard that we see.

Q. And it sounded to me, Mr. Mayes, that some of the

options, then, would result in the sterilization of

bitumen?

A. That is an option that we would have. That's

probably the simplest option, if you see a hazard,

you simply don't mine in the area, but that's not

necessarily in the greater benefit of the people of

Alberta and Canada. So that would be an extreme

situation.

I think we're more likely to be proactive and

seal the features that we can see with some kind of

a grouting mechanism.

Q. If you had to sterilize, though, there's a process

for that; right?

A. Yes, there is.

Q. And what do you have to do?

A. What we would obviously do if we uncovered an area

of higher risk in our footprint, we would involve

the ERCB in that information that we gathered, we

would work to determine the most appropriate range

of options. If we were exhausted, if we exhausted

all of the options except for sterilization, then

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1203

we would go through the process with the ERCB to

sterilize that particular block.

Q. Panel, the last question I have on this line, in

Volume 1 of the Application, Figures 3-6 and 3-8

show Pleistocene Channel interconnections with

Syncrude and Imperial lease boundary areas.

I wonder if you could just tell us what some

of the potential impacts of Pleistocene

connectivity with other adjacent leaseholders might

be with respect to mining operations?

A. MR. ROBERTS: Yes, so we are aware of that

and we are continuing with our drilling programs to

understand the extent of the PCA. Some of the

impacts that could be with exposing the Pleistocene

Channel would be dewatering of that channel and

drawing down water from other areas. We are

working cooperatively with Syncrude and Imperial

Kearl and ourselves to understand the nature of

that Pleistocene Channel, and we look to put

appropriate measures in place to manage that,

either cut-off walls, avoidance of the area, or

dewatering wells.

Q. I assume, Mr. Roberts, given that it's an issue

across leaseholders, would you agree that a

cooperative approach is essential for that?

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1204

A. Absolutely.

MR. PERKINS: Mr. Chairman, I've got some

process questions. My estimate would be these are

30 to 45 minutes worth of questions and responses.

I don't know how you want to proceed, if you want

me to dig into those or hold those for Monday.

THE CHAIRMAN: You know, I think we're close

enough to 3:00 p.m. that you can keep those for

Monday as a unit. And we'll call it a day.

We're going to resume at 10:00 a.m. on

Monday. Don't forget to change your clocks. And

safe travels.

_______________________________________

(The hearing adjourned at 2:45 p.m.)

(The hearing to be reconvened on Monday,

November 5th, 2012, at 10:00 a.m.)

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1205

REPORTER'S CERTIFICATION

I, Nancy Nielsen, RCR, RPR, CSR(A), Official

Realtime Reporter in the Provinces of British Columbia

and Alberta, Canada, do hereby certify:

That the proceedings were taken down by me in

shorthand at the time and place herein set forth and

thereafter transcribed, and the same is a true and

correct and complete transcript of said proceedings to

the best of my skill and ability.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto subscribed

my name this 2nd day of February, 2012.

_____________________________________

Nancy Nielsen, RCR, RPR, CSR(A)

Official Realtime Reporter

#

#175 [1] - 1022:17

#468 [1] - 1022:13

'

'25 [1] - 1170:19

0

001-001A [7] - 1102:5;

1147:5; 1162:18; 1186:7,

24; 1191:20; 1196:23

001-001E [2] - 1177:9;

1178:18

001-002B [3] - 1171:21;

1174:20, 22

001-006 [1] - 1116:7

001-006B [2] - 1187:8;

1192:5

001-015O [1] - 1047:6

001-064B [1] - 1154:24

001-07OO [1] - 1043:7

001-080 [3] - 1026:3; 1030:3,

6

001-081 [3] - 1026:15;

1143:14, 18

001-082 [2] - 1026:17;

1143:22

001-51E [1] - 1175:1

005-023 [3] - 1026:9;

1117:14, 19

005-024 [4] - 1026:12;

1121:5, 7; 1125:22

005-23 [1] - 1117:11

006-021 [1] - 1033:6

007-014 [1] - 1130:18

009-010 [1] - 1132:1

010-022 [2] - 1026:6; 1068:16

011-012 [2] - 1131:9, 19

02 [1] - 1113:7

03 [1] - 1113:23

04 [4] - 1027:10; 1113:23;

1114:8, 20

05 [3] - 1027:12; 1114:14, 22

074 [6] - 1030:15, 22; 1031:1;

1195:4, 7

1

1 [25] - 1022:19; 1024:22;

1030:20; 1063:24; 1068:7,

9; 1102:4, 25; 1106:15;

1109:5; 1116:2, 8; 1123:8;

1145:9; 1147:6; 1162:17;

1183:1; 1186:7; 1189:19;

1191:21; 1196:23; 1203:4

1-1 [2] - 1109:19; 1111:19

1-10 [2] - 1147:5; 1148:15

1-2 [2] - 1147:18; 1162:18

1-25 [3] - 1109:4; 1111:20;

1115:12

1-26 [1] - 1109:20

1-27 [1] - 1109:21

1-3 [2] - 1147:18; 1162:17

1-4 [1] - 1123:10

1-5 [1] - 1123:8

1-6 [1] - 1106:17

1.1 [1] - 1192:9

1.37 [1] - 1162:25

1.4 [1] - 1109:6

1.5 [2] - 1042:13; 1058:2

1.65 [1] - 1099:22

10 [8] - 1027:4; 1031:2, 5;

1066:17; 1072:6; 1089:10;

1101:15; 1115:19

10-22 [1] - 1068:13

10-6 [1] - 1192:4

10-year [1] - 1112:18

1020 [1] - 1020:18

1029 [1] - 1024:3

1030 [1] - 1026:3

1031 [2] - 1024:5; 1027:4

1032 [1] - 1024:20

104 [1] - 1069:24

104-106 [1] - 1069:24

1050 [1] - 1027:5

106 [1] - 1069:24

1068 [2] - 1024:22; 1026:6

1069 [1] - 1024:24

1089 [1] - 1025:4

108C [1] - 1192:4

10:00 [4] - 1025:14; 1101:16;

1204:10, 18

10:1 [1] - 1183:8

11,259 [1] - 1178:22

110 [1] - 1148:14

1101 [2] - 1025:6

111 [1] - 1093:25

1114 [1] - 1027:9

1117 [1] - 1026:9

1119 [1] - 1027:13

1121 [1] - 1026:12

1124 [1] - 1027:16

113 [3] - 1095:14; 1174:22,

24

114 [1] - 1174:24

1142 [2] - 1025:8

1143 [2] - 1026:15, 17

1146 [1] - 1027:21

1164 [1] - 1028:5

1165 [1] - 1028:7

1166 [2] - 1025:11; 1028:13

1175 [1] - 1028:14

1188 [1] - 1028:18

120 [1] - 1187:3

1204 [1] - 1025:12

1205 [1] - 1020:18

125 [1] - 1145:10

12:00 [2] - 1025:10; 1142:22

13 [7] - 1027:5; 1028:9;

1050:15; 1121:16;

1164:12; 1165:6, 25

13th [1] - 1029:8

14 [6] - 1027:9; 1043:13;

1044:5; 1103:7; 1114:19;

1121:16

14-1 [1] - 1105:13

145 [1] - 1175:2

15 [4] - 1027:13; 1119:4;

1121:16; 1168:15

150 [3] - 1186:20; 1187:5;

1191:24

151 [1] - 1020:24

152 [1] - 1175:2

153125-00-00 [1] - 1112:19

153125-00-01 [1] - 1113:7

153125-00-03 [3] - 1027:10;

1114:8, 20

1554388 [1] - 1020:4

16 [7] - 1027:16; 1033:22;

1034:14, 18-19; 1121:16;

1124:20

169 [1] - 1095:14

17 [10] - 1027:21; 1146:21;

1178:2, 14, 18, 21; 1179:4;

1180:14, 23; 1181:3

170-square-kilometres [1] -

1101:1

173 [2] - 1171:22; 1174:20

174 [1] - 1174:21

174C [2] - 1147:15, 24

18 [2] - 1028:5; 1164:4

18th [1] - 1131:15

19 [10] - 1020:10; 1028:7, 13;

1112:4, 7, 23-24; 1115:15;

1165:3; 1166:3

19-1 [4] - 1112:9; 1113:2;

1118:5, 15

19-2 [1] - 1113:5

19-3 [1] - 1113:6

19-4 [1] - 1113:6

19-63 [2] - 1112:9, 25

1990s [1] - 1078:19

1997 [3] - 1038:19; 1040:3;

1045:17

1998 [1] - 1079:15

1:00 [3] - 1025:10; 1142:18,

22

1:50,000 [1] - 1044:1

2

2 [16] - 1020:16; 1026:4;

Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected]

Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 6

1

1029:1; 1030:8; 1043:2;

1047:3, 6, 12; 1049:12;

1060:10; 1061:12;

1171:19; 1174:21; 1183:2;

1189:13, 21

2.0 [1] - 1058:2

2.5 [1] - 1058:2

20 [6] - 1028:14; 1030:21;

1089:10; 1101:16;

1170:18; 1175:16

20-13 [1] - 1030:21

200-metre [1] - 1187:10

2000 [2] - 1020:7

2004 [2] - 1048:6, 19

2007 [6] - 1033:1, 20;

1034:16; 1035:10; 1129:5;

1177:3

2008 [4] - 1169:23; 1171:20;

1175:4; 1182:15

2009 [5] - 1116:3, 10;

1168:12; 1183:12; 1184:21

2011 [9] - 1048:7, 19; 1049:7;

1069:20; 1070:16;

1092:18; 1175:5, 11

2012 [26] - 1020:10, 16;

1025:13; 1026:4, 8;

1027:6; 1029:1; 1030:8,

25; 1043:8; 1050:5, 8, 16,

18; 1068:19; 1093:22;

1130:18, 20; 1131:15;

1167:23; 1170:10;

1175:13; 1204:18; 1205:14

2015 [1] - 1172:19

202 [1] - 1172:19

2025 [2] - 1030:23; 1172:19

2030 [1] - 1172:20

2035 [1] - 1030:20

2050 [3] - 1077:3, 19;

1172:20

21 [2] - 1028:18; 1188:4

22 [1] - 1149:12

23 [1] - 1034:10

23-17 [1] - 1168:13

24/7-365 [1] - 1098:7

25 [3] - 1026:7; 1068:19;

1152:18

250 [1] - 1056:3

26 [2] - 1034:17; 1043:13

27 [9] - 1028:14; 1170:6;

1171:19; 1172:2, 23;

1173:5, 18; 1174:19;

1175:17

2:45 [2] - 1025:12; 1204:16

2A [6] - 1065:1, 10, 21;

1066:3; 1067:14; 1200:22

2nd [3] - 1130:18, 20;

1205:14

3

3 [5] - 1053:7; 1055:25;

1056:2; 1071:20; 1166:13

3-6 [1] - 1203:4

3-8 [1] - 1203:4

3-94 [2] - 1093:21, 25

3-96 [1] - 1095:14

3.1 [1] - 1196:24

3.2 [1] - 1196:24

3.5 [1] - 1042:13

30 [3] - 1080:20; 1083:18;

1204:4

30-to-50-year-life [1] -

1111:2

300 [2] - 1046:15

33 [5] - 1092:12; 1093:8, 13,

16; 1094:23

33-1 [1] - 1093:21

33-2 [2] - 1095:13

35(2 [3] - 1120:7, 18; 1153:12

35-2 [1] - 1110:7

364 [1] - 1183:13

385-1 [1] - 1168:12

385B [1] - 1168:19

39 [1] - 1116:7

3:00 [3] - 1142:17; 1166:6;

1204:8

3:05 [1] - 1166:11

3D [7] - 1042:11; 1057:4;

1058:1, 9, 14, 23; 1060:25

4

4 [6] - 1047:4, 8; 1062:20;

1069:23; 1077:1; 1088:12

40 [2] - 1043:20; 1151:12

400 [2] - 1150:11; 1151:12

45 [1] - 1204:4

46-1 [1] - 1030:25

46-10 [4] - 1028:17; 1170:9;

1172:5; 1175:21

46-2 [1] - 1171:18

46-3 [4] - 1028:17; 1170:9;

1172:5; 1175:20

468 [2] - 1131:21; 1145:10

4:1 [1] - 1183:7

5

5 [4] - 1065:6; 1168:3;

1177:9; 1178:19

5-1 [1] - 1178:19

5-17 [1] - 1191:21

5.2 [2] - 1039:8, 10

5.3 [2] - 1040:14; 1191:21

5.5 [1] - 1041:3

50 [5] - 1046:15, 18-19, 24;

1072:4

500 [6] - 1043:21; 1044:7, 19,

25; 1045:8, 11

500-metre [1] - 1044:14

52 [1] - 1020:10

53 [2] - 1125:22; 1126:3

59540 [1] - 1020:5

5b [1] - 1061:12

5c [2] - 1063:24; 1065:6

5C5 [1] - 1020:25

5d [1] - 1066:17

5th [1] - 1204:18

5TH [1] - 1025:13

6

6 [1] - 1020:17

6.3.4.5 [1] - 1156:22

605 [1] - 1178:20

63 [2] - 1132:5; 1144:18

64 [1] - 1178:19

65 [1] - 1181:16

68 [1] - 1198:4

7

7 [1] - 1102:5

7-15 [1] - 1116:4

7-2 [1] - 1186:24

7.3 [1] - 1186:8

70 [1] - 1168:14

72 [2] - 1156:23, 25

8

8 [2] - 1026:4; 1030:7

82 [1] - 1143:16

8:30 [1] - 1029:2

9

9756 [1] - 1111:23

9:00 [1] - 1029:13

9th [1] - 1116:9

A

A.M [2] - 1025:14; 1029:2

a.m [3] - 1029:13; 1204:10,

18

ability [5] - 1052:5; 1086:21;

1100:22; 1188:12; 1205:11

able [21] - 1054:8; 1061:5;

1064:13; 1071:1; 1081:18,

25; 1086:14, 23, 25;

1119:23; 1120:22;

1124:10; 1126:25;

1138:17, 21; 1139:20;

1150:13; 1152:5, 17;

1161:10; 1172:21

Aboriginal [20] - 1099:6;

1132:12; 1134:3, 15;

1136:18, 20; 1137:7, 10,

14; 1140:18; 1144:11, 19,

24; 1145:2, 5; 1150:3, 12;

1155:13; 1156:3

ABOUT [2] - 1028:11; 1165:9

absolute [2] - 1106:1; 1111:1

absolutely [4] - 1106:4;

1129:16; 1179:20; 1204:1

accept [1] - 1164:20

acceptable [1] - 1136:8

accepted [2] - 1038:23;

1039:2

access [3] - 1041:9, 14;

1152:17

accident [2] - 1091:3; 1093:5

accidental [1] - 1089:25

accidents [4] - 1090:8, 10;

1091:7; 1092:17

accommodate [8] - 1030:22;

1098:18; 1132:19;

1188:12; 1189:21;

1191:16; 1194:21

accommodated [2] - 1190:6;

1195:11

accommodating [1] -

1189:16

accommodation [3] -

1131:25; 1132:15, 18

accommodations [1] -

1128:9

accordance [1] - 1097:18

according [2] - 1070:3;

1097:7

account [7] - 1038:4; 1042:1,

23; 1053:9; 1122:13;

1173:4; 1190:25

accounted [3] - 1072:17, 20;

1196:12

accumulative [1] - 1100:25

accurate [2] - 1035:18

ACFN [3] - 1062:10; 1135:3,

13

ACFN's [1] - 1033:9

achieve [3] - 1151:25;

1157:8; 1182:22

achieved [2] - 1131:3, 8

acknowledge [1] - 1091:11

acquire [1] - 1106:12

acronym [3] - 1103:12;

1157:4

acronyms [1] - 1103:23

ACT [5] - 1020:7, 10;

1028:10; 1165:8



2

Act [12] - 1099:1; 1110:4;

1115:14, 20; 1116:15;

1119:16; 1120:7, 14-15;

1164:14

actions [2] - 1041:17;

1081:24

active [1] - 1085:13

actively [1] - 1099:12

activities [6] - 1037:8;

1052:1; 1060:5; 1087:8,

12; 1098:5

actual [5] - 1038:7; 1042:22;

1043:6; 1072:20; 1202:3

Adams [1] - 1021:7

adaptively [1] - 1191:5

add [9] - 1038:2, 24;

1045:22; 1054:3, 5;

1146:8; 1160:23; 1161:8;

1193:8

adding [2] - 1086:20; 1161:8

addition [3] - 1051:20;

1057:3; 1184:23

additional [13] - 1041:15;

1076:20; 1086:20; 1149:6;

1156:11; 1170:19; 1176:2;

1189:19; 1190:4, 21;

1194:14, 16, 19

address [8] - 1029:20;

1134:15; 1136:22;

1138:17, 21; 1154:20;

1166:18; 1200:17

addressed [4] - 1126:12;

1138:21; 1139:6, 18

addresses [2] - 1140:23;

1142:11

addressing [1] - 1065:10

adequacy [2] - 1134:3;

1135:1

adequate [2] - 1044:16;

1190:17

adjacent [4] - 1040:19;

1095:23; 1203:9

ADJOURNED [1] - 1025:12

adjourned [1] - 1204:16

Adjournment [3] - 1101:18;

1141:10; 1142:21

ADJOURNMENT [2] -

1025:6, 9

adjudicative [1] - 1140:4

adjudicator [1] - 1140:9

adjust [1] - 1126:25

adjustment [1] - 1151:10

adjustments [1] - 1087:20

administrator [1] - 1108:3

admits [1] - 1091:11

admittedly [1] - 1193:22

advance [5] - 1086:25;

1172:11; 1193:12;

1198:11; 1199:17

advanced [1] - 1031:1

advantage [1] - 1086:23

adverse [1] - 1095:11

advice [1] - 1164:22

ADVISE [2] - 1028:11;

1165:9

advise [1] - 1164:16

advisor [1] - 1164:22

advisories [1] - 1157:23

advisory [1] - 1160:16

AFD [1] - 1195:8

Affairs [1] - 1021:12

affect [6] - 1066:22; 1083:23;

1084:3; 1085:24; 1145:5;

1176:16

affected [4] - 1091:2; 1093:4;

1149:13, 19

affects [1] - 1154:16

AFFIRMED [2] - 1024:6;

1031:17

Afshan [1] - 1021:19

afternoon [1] - 1142:25

agencies [1] - 1099:5

AGENCY [3] - 1020:5;

1021:6

ago [2] - 1054:6; 1069:14

agree [29] - 1044:14;

1050:23; 1051:1; 1073:18;

1079:12, 24; 1084:16, 24;

1090:2, 16, 20; 1091:10;

1105:25; 1118:1; 1120:9;

1122:2; 1126:13; 1132:25;

1133:2; 1135:13; 1158:20;

1170:14, 21; 1171:13;

1180:22, 24; 1187:4;

1194:5; 1203:24

agreed [3] - 1036:5; 1061:15

agreement [3] - 1122:21, 23;

1190:11

agreements [2] - 1061:24;

1129:18

Aguas [1] - 1021:14

ahead [4] - 1047:9; 1049:17;

1137:4; 1172:10

air [1] - 1167:14

Alberta [32] - 1020:24;

1022:18, 24; 1048:4, 6;

1062:5, 14; 1069:18;

1070:2; 1072:3; 1073:21;

1076:11; 1097:10;

1098:25; 1099:2; 1101:1;

1111:25; 1113:25; 1115:6;

1134:2; 1157:1, 5, 21, 25;

1158:2, 25; 1159:11;

1182:4; 1202:11; 1205:5

ALBERTA [5] - 1020:2, 11;

1024:22; 1068:7

Alex [1] - 1021:4

aligned [3] - 1081:19;

1126:14

alignment [1] - 1193:3

all-year [1] - 1161:5

allow [10] - 1065:23;

1104:24; 1141:18; 1184:5,

24; 1185:4; 1186:19;

1187:12; 1190:14; 1201:4

allowed [5] - 1079:8;

1080:13; 1133:11; 1138:6;

1199:5

allowing [1] - 1168:6

allows [3] - 1184:10; 1200:8,

10

alphabetical [1] - 1022:5

ALSO [2] - 1027:18; 1124:23

Altalis [8] - 1047:11, 18, 21,

25; 1048:5, 18, 20;

1049:10

alter [5] - 1084:4, 19; 1088:7,

21; 1191:15

Alteration [1] - 1154:8

altered [1] - 1083:22

alternate [1] - 1150:14

Alternative [3] - 1030:24;

1150:24; 1175:6

alternative [3] - 1150:25;

1151:2; 1152:4

alternatives [2] - 1104:11, 13

Amanda [1] - 1021:12

amend [4] - 1112:14;

1128:21; 1173:15; 1181:3

amended [3] - 1112:19;

1113:8; 1177:6

Amendment [1] - 1149:3

amendment [10] - 1111:22;

1115:14; 1116:15;

1117:23; 1118:9, 23;

1120:12-14; 1165:25

AMENDMENT [2] - 1027:15;

1119:6

AMENDMENTS [6] -

1026:15, 17; 1027:14;

1119:5; 1143:19, 23

amendments [14] - 1113:11,

17, 20, 22; 1118:10, 13,

18, 20, 22; 1143:4, 6, 16;

1167:20

America [1] - 1087:2

amount [8] - 1038:20;

1054:8; 1075:5; 1096:23,

25; 1150:15; 1151:16;

1176:20

amounts [1] - 1060:23

AN [4] - 1026:6, 12; 1068:17;

1121:7

analysis [12] - 1043:14;

1051:14, 16; 1078:9, 15;

1079:25; 1088:9; 1092:14;

1093:9; 1094:20; 1160:7

ancillary [5] - 1109:16, 19,

24; 1110:6; 1111:13

AND [26] - 1020:3, 5-6, 8-9,

11; 1024:22; 1027:10,

17-18, 22; 1028:11, 14, 16;

1068:8; 1114:20; 1124:20,

22; 1146:23; 1165:9;

1175:17, 19

animals [2] - 1038:13

Anna [2] - 1022:15; 1023:10

Annual [9] - 1070:16;

1120:25; 1121:25;

1125:21; 1126:2, 12;

1127:4; 1132:25; 1136:11

annual [8] - 1076:1; 1097:20;

1105:7, 12; 1158:14;

1161:13; 1191:6

ANNUAL [2] - 1026:12;

1121:8

annually [2] - 1098:3; 1170:8

anomalies [1] - 1200:11

answer [19] - 1048:13;

1059:6, 19; 1061:20, 23;

1062:25; 1063:17; 1064:8;

1065:14; 1066:25;

1087:14; 1134:9; 1139:8;

1156:19; 1170:24; 1182:2;

1188:20; 1192:16; 1196:11

answering [4] - 1033:14;

1048:24; 1145:18

answers [1] - 1096:15

anthropogenic [3] - 1043:21;

1044:2, 8

anthropology [1] - 1079:17

ANY [4] - 1027:17; 1028:9;

1124:21; 1165:6

AOSP [1] - 1108:5

apart [2] - 1168:21; 1191:9

apologies [1] - 1082:21

apologize [1] - 1145:24

apparent [2] - 1072:1;

1125:14

appeal [1] - 1114:15

APPEAL [2] - 1027:12;

1114:23

appear [4] - 1058:23;

1077:19; 1144:20, 25

APPEARANCES [1] - 1021:1

Appendix [9] - 1047:4, 7-8;

1070:15; 1171:19;

1174:21; 1178:19; 1183:1

APPLICANT [1] - 1022:1

applicant [1] - 1139:13

Applicant [1] - 1105:4

Application [20] - 1030:19;

1060:3; 1102:22; 1104:13;

1118:7; 1119:19; 1123:22,

24; 1126:17; 1129:8;

1149:3; 1168:3; 1176:13,

24; 1177:10; 1186:8;

1191:20; 1194:7; 1196:23;

1203:4

APPLICATION [1] - 1020:4



3

application [7] - 1044:6, 20;

1113:12; 1127:21; 1128:2,

20; 1148:22

applications [1] - 1115:20

applied [5] - 1046:16, 18-19;

1115:19; 1160:19

apply [5] - 1046:9; 1122:17,

25; 1127:8; 1201:11

applying [2] - 1064:15;

1189:4

appreciate [2] - 1100:18;

1152:10

Approach [1] - 1106:20

approach [14] - 1056:17;

1065:9, 18, 20; 1126:10,

19, 25; 1127:8, 22;

1136:12; 1153:10; 1178:3,

15; 1203:25

approached [2] - 1072:8;

1177:15

approaches [3] - 1085:11;

1127:15; 1159:16

approaching [1] - 1160:9

appropriate [19] - 1063:9;

1076:5; 1083:15; 1099:14;

1101:13; 1102:9; 1103:20;

1117:9; 1120:24; 1138:16,

20, 22; 1139:21; 1142:8;

1160:14, 18; 1202:23;

1203:20

appropriate-sized [1] -

1160:14

appropriately [1] - 1083:3

Approval [1] - 1111:23

approval [41] - 1060:6, 8-9;

1063:22; 1086:9, 17;

1106:13; 1109:23; 1110:4,

8; 1111:1; 1112:8, 12, 15,

18-19; 1113:3, 7; 1114:14;

1115:2, 8; 1117:24;

1118:1, 3; 1119:10, 16;

1120:7, 14, 18, 23;

1139:15; 1143:5, 7;

1161:18; 1164:10; 1189:3

APPROVAL [6] - 1027:12;

1028:8; 1114:23; 1165:4

approvals [29] - 1106:5, 8,

13; 1107:13; 1109:7, 12,

18-19; 1110:2, 14, 18;

1111:11, 13; 1112:6, 23;

1113:8, 17; 1114:7;

1116:13; 1117:4; 1118:11;

1119:13, 19; 1120:14;

1125:12; 1133:19; 1148:5;

1149:6

APPROVALS [2] - 1027:10;

1114:20

approve [1] - 1139:16

approved [3] - 1060:4;

1097:11; 1186:13

aquatic [1] - 1180:3

aquifer [3] - 1065:24;

1066:22; 1067:5

ARE [10] - 1027:17-19, 22;

1028:17; 1124:21, 24;

1146:23; 1175:21

area [42] - 1038:8, 17;

1045:5; 1048:21; 1056:4;

1063:22; 1073:9; 1082:5;

1086:20; 1091:23; 1094:9;

1098:10, 15; 1107:17;

1110:9; 1125:19; 1147:23;

1153:19; 1163:8, 10-11,

14, 20; 1169:2, 17;

1170:16; 1178:22; 1183:5;

1187:14; 1189:14; 1190:5;

1194:15; 1197:4, 16;

1200:1, 6; 1201:13, 16, 20;

1202:9, 20; 1203:21

AREA [4] - 1027:7; 1028:5;

1050:17; 1164:5

Area [9] - 1047:14; 1050:7;

1052:4; 1056:14; 1091:16;

1147:19; 1162:19; 1163:4;

1178:24

Area] [1] - 1186:14

areas [38] - 1058:23;

1062:23; 1067:17; 1091:1;

1093:1-3; 1094:8; 1147:22;

1168:5; 1169:8; 1170:11,

19; 1171:1, 4; 1176:2, 6,

11; 1178:5, 12; 1179:2;

1181:25; 1183:16; 1184:2,

10, 13, 16; 1194:11, 25;

1195:1; 1196:4, 6;

1199:10; 1201:2, 13;

1203:6, 16

argue [2] - 1057:18, 25

argument [5] - 1138:15, 23;

1139:7, 18; 1164:24

arises [2] - 1153:13

Army [1] - 1065:15

arrange [1] - 1128:25

arrangement [8] - 1107:23;

1130:7; 1131:3, 8, 17, 20;

1133:25; 1144:16

arrangements [7] - 1129:12,

22, 25; 1132:4; 1133:7;

1144:10, 15

arrive [2] - 1133:6; 1163:24

arrived [1] - 1055:15

aspect [1] - 1048:12

aspects [1] - 1122:20

assess [3] - 1051:5; 1104:10;

1134:3

assessed [1] - 1181:13

Assessment [4] - 1102:23;

1103:2; 1147:8; 1148:19

ASSESSMENT [3] - 1020:5,

10; 1021:6

assessment [7] - 1039:3;

1045:6; 1075:3; 1077:14;

1090:22; 1091:5; 1095:5

assessments [3] - 1059:22;

1077:15, 23

assistance [3] - 1033:14;

1157:8; 1158:25

associated [6] - 1038:5;

1041:8; 1046:22, 25;

1054:24; 1090:11

association [1] - 1148:21

Association [3] - 1022:12;

1097:8, 19

Association's [1] - 1180:3

assume [6] - 1045:2; 1096:8;

1133:15, 20; 1134:1;

1203:23

assumed [2] - 1085:21;

1129:10

assuming [1] - 1045:5

assumptions [1] - 1188:11

assurance [2] - 1103:21;

1157:8

assure [2] - 1096:25;

1104:20

assured [1] - 1097:14

AT [5] - 1020:15; 1025:12;

1027:7; 1050:17

ATHABASCA [2] - 1024:20;

1032:20

Athabasca [18] - 1022:7;

1093:18; 1099:22, 25;

1107:22; 1108:5; 1123:10;

1127:12; 1128:10;

1129:13; 1145:7; 1146:11;

1153:19; 1156:14; 1158:9,

19; 1197:3, 24

atmospheric [1] - 1195:5

attachment [4] - 1112:9;

1113:2; 1118:5, 15

attachments [2] - 1112:25;

1113:5

attempted [1] - 1144:10

attention [1] - 1096:23

ATTORNEY [2] - 1025:7;

1101:25

Attorney [2] - 1022:8, 23

audit [1] - 1097:21

audited [1] - 1097:21

auditing [1] - 1078:6

auditors [1] - 1097:25

audits [2] - 1097:20; 1100:3

augment [1] - 1159:22

Austin [1] - 1021:21

author [1] - 1037:16

authorities [1] - 1108:25

authorization [2] - 1120:15;

1153:13

authors [1] - 1078:18

avail [1] - 1054:18

availability [3] - 1051:25;

1107:3; 1202:2

available [12] - 1029:9;

1050:7; 1054:19; 1061:17,

21; 1062:12, 14; 1070:24;

1075:16; 1148:12;

1170:20; 1193:17

AVAILABLE [2] - 1027:6;

1050:17

average [1] - 1072:4

avoid [1] - 1042:18

avoidance [4] - 1039:16;

1044:10; 1056:4; 1203:21

Avoidance [1] - 1039:10

avoided [3] - 1038:17;

1045:3, 5

avoiding [1] - 1042:15

aware [6] - 1036:21; 1056:6,

11; 1058:14; 1093:7;

1203:11

B

BACK [2] - 1027:17; 1124:20

bad [1] - 1194:2

Baja [1] - 1087:4

balance [9] - 1152:5, 8, 10;

1170:7; 1171:22; 1175:7,

10; 1191:13; 1194:18

balanced [3] - 1088:4;

1151:20, 22

Band [1] - 1022:17

band [1] - 1084:6

bard [1] - 1047:13

barn [2] - 1072:12; 1073:14

barrels [4] - 1150:11;

1151:12; 1152:17

barrier [1] - 1196:9

BART [2] - 1024:9; 1031:23

Base [1] - 1049:12

base [5] - 1112:15; 1118:6,

17; 1122:18; 1137:9

based [22] - 1037:8; 1047:10;

1051:4; 1067:24; 1077:13;

1078:9, 15; 1079:6;

1080:11; 1088:9, 18-19;

1092:6; 1118:7; 1120:19;

1134:11; 1152:16;

1155:19; 1169:3; 1170:15;

1182:3; 1191:25

basis [10] - 1076:1; 1097:9;

1098:7, 22; 1104:17;

1118:3; 1152:3; 1158:15;

1161:14; 1191:6

BE [9] - 1025:13; 1027:12,

23; 1028:16; 1114:22;

1146:25; 1175:20

bear [1] - 1198:3

bears [1] - 1040:11



4

beaver [1] - 1193:19

become [4] - 1100:16;

1125:14; 1166:12; 1177:22

becomes [1] - 1081:3

becoming [1] - 1127:16

bed [1] - 1196:18

beds [1] - 1192:15

beg [1] - 1089:5

began [1] - 1030:19

begin [2] - 1102:2; 1121:3

beginning [4] - 1031:1;

1043:1; 1086:11; 1170:18

begins [1] - 1030:23

behalf [4] - 1023:6, 9, 11;

1062:8

behind [1] - 1154:3

BEING [2] - 1028:15;

1175:19

belief [2] - 1067:8, 21

believes [2] - 1067:2;

1141:20

BELL [2] - 1024:9; 1031:24

below [8] - 1106:21;

1191:11; 1197:3, 19, 23;

1198:8, 10; 1201:1

bench [2] - 1184:1; 1185:12

benches [1] - 1182:21

benching [4] - 1184:4;

1185:10, 16; 1186:1

beneath [2] - 1061:3;

1063:19

benefit [3] - 1041:19; 1167:3;

1202:10

berm [1] - 1193:25

berms [3] - 1188:15; 1193:24

Bertolin [1] - 1022:18

best [5] - 1033:13; 1044:8;

1071:2; 1152:8; 1205:11

better [9] - 1071:12; 1073:4,

17; 1074:11; 1152:4;

1156:19; 1175:24; 1198:9

between [12] - 1030:14;

1037:23; 1046:15;

1073:20; 1109:23, 25;

1110:18; 1141:15;

1150:16; 1157:18;

1158:17; 1190:5

Bevan [1] - 1021:18

beyond [3] - 1051:9; 1197:18

Biem [8] - 1022:7; 1031:14;

1068:4; 1134:18; 1135:5;

1137:20; 1138:10; 1144:5

BIEM [14] - 1024:20;

1032:21; 1033:18; 1049:5,

24; 1050:22; 1068:2;

1133:9; 1134:22; 1135:7;

1137:2, 5; 1140:2

Biem's [1] - 1139:25

BIFTU [2] - 1024:10; 1032:1

big [3] - 1154:17, 19; 1163:1

bigger [1] - 1153:25

biggest [1] - 1034:19

BILL [2] - 1024:17; 1032:14

billion [1] - 1152:17

bind [2] - 1129:20; 1130:23

Binder [1] - 1102:4

binder [8] - 1102:17, 22, 25;

1106:16; 1109:5; 1112:4;

1147:6; 1162:17

binders [1] - 1102:23

biofuels [1] - 1085:14

Birch [1] - 1053:20

Birchall [1] - 1021:7

bird [14] - 1035:3; 1036:8;

1037:10; 1046:25;

1069:17; 1070:17; 1071:2,

13, 20; 1072:1, 21;

1073:11, 19; 1076:17

bird-monitoring [1] -

1069:17

birds [14] - 1033:22; 1034:9,

14; 1036:10, 14, 16;

1046:17; 1071:14, 17;

1073:7, 12, 15; 1075:8

Bishop [8] - 1022:19;

1068:5; 1134:9, 18;

1137:21; 1138:10, 24;

1144:6

BISHOP [9] - 1024:23;

1068:9, 21; 1134:7;

1135:12; 1138:13; 1139:5,

17

bit [12] - 1042:2, 12; 1046:12;

1080:18; 1084:17; 1095:9;

1111:10; 1126:8; 1132:18;

1145:1; 1194:19; 1200:15

bitumen [4] - 1066:9; 1148:8;

1151:1; 1202:6

Black [1] - 1021:12

black [1] - 1056:21

block [1] - 1203:2

blocked [2] - 1052:20;

1053:22

blocking [1] - 1055:15

BLOISE [2] - 1024:14;

1032:8

blue [1] - 1156:1

blueprint [3] - 1081:9, 16;

1083:11

BOARD [5] - 1020:4, 11;

1021:9; 1025:11; 1166:8

board [2] - 1108:20, 22

Board [8] - 1021:10; 1029:9,

24; 1033:25; 1111:24;

1116:9; 1166:10

Bob [1] - 1021:12

body [1] - 1140:4

bog [1] - 1056:22

Bolton [1] - 1021:4

book [1] - 1079:18

bordering [1] - 1177:19

borders [1] - 1081:19

Boreal [1] - 1043:9

Borealis [1] - 1053:17

borrow [1] - 1092:2

bottom [4] - 1049:11, 14;

1109:20; 1189:8

boundaries [1] - 1162:21

BOUNDARY [2] - 1028:19;

1188:6

boundary [8] - 1163:8;

1176:3; 1186:18, 22;

1187:25; 1190:6; 1203:6

Boychuk [1] - 1021:16

Branch [1] - 1097:12

breach [8] - 1096:9, 20;

1097:22; 1098:20; 1099:9,

16, 23

breaches [2] - 1089:25;

1193:18

break [7] - 1089:12; 1101:7,

13; 1141:5; 1142:2, 14

breakdown [1] - 1077:24

brief [2] - 1033:13; 1143:1

Brief [1] - 1141:10

briefer [1] - 1142:15

briefly [3] - 1047:23;

1093:11; 1095:8

bring [2] - 1086:19; 1097:25

British [1] - 1205:4

broad [5] - 1042:20; 1065:15;

1077:6, 10; 1110:2

broaden [1] - 1084:7

broader [6] - 1084:17, 22;

1087:7; 1088:6; 1105:11;

1110:5

BROADHURST [20] -

1024:18; 1027:13, 16, 21;

1028:5; 1032:16; 1077:5;

1079:21; 1102:18; 1115:5;

1116:18; 1119:4; 1124:20;

1144:14; 1146:4, 21;

1147:9; 1161:22; 1164:4;

1166:23

Broadhurst [19] - 1102:15;

1103:5; 1115:13; 1116:12,

22; 1117:21; 1119:22;

1121:13; 1125:3, 18, 25;

1126:4; 1128:1; 1136:24;

1144:9; 1147:10; 1165:14,

17; 1166:17

BROCK [2] - 1024:15;

1032:10

budget [2] - 1076:2

budgeted [1] - 1076:4

Buffalo [1] - 1023:3

buffer [7] - 1044:7, 15-16;

1062:22; 1063:9, 13, 15

buffered [1] - 1043:21

buffering [1] - 1056:2

buffers [1] - 1063:4

build [4] - 1035:5; 1065:21;

1190:15, 24

building [2] - 1162:1; 1190:1

BUILDING [2] - 1026:12;

1121:7

built [1] - 1185:22

bullet [4] - 1106:21; 1119:11,

15

bullets [4] - 1106:21;

1117:20; 1119:18

buried [2] - 1169:9, 14

Business [1] - 1103:7

business [5] - 1079:5;

1080:10; 1122:14, 16, 20

Buss [2] - 1022:11; 1023:1

BUSS [2] - 1026:5; 1030:8

BY [44] - 1020:2, 11; 1024:3,

20, 22-24; 1025:4, 7, 11;

1026:4, 9-10, 12, 15, 17;

1027:4; 1028:7, 12;

1029:17; 1030:7; 1031:5;

1032:20; 1068:7, 9;

1069:16; 1089:16;

1101:25; 1102:1; 1121:8;

1143:19, 23; 1165:3, 11;

1166:8

C

C.0-7 [1] - 1020:8

Cabin [1] - 1094:6

cabins [1] - 1095:19

calculated [1] - 1154:7

calibrated [1] - 1035:24

California [1] - 1087:4

CAN [2] - 1027:23; 1146:25

CANADA [15] - 1020:2, 12;

1025:7; 1026:3, 10, 13, 16,

18; 1030:6; 1101:25;

1121:8; 1143:19, 23

Canada [28] - 1022:2, 9;

1023:7; 1043:10, 15;

1044:5, 15, 18; 1045:2;

1046:7, 12; 1085:2;

1097:9; 1105:1, 4, 8;

1116:8, 23; 1117:11, 16;

1127:16; 1134:2; 1140:5;

1156:10; 1179:24;

1202:11; 1205:5

Canada's [2] - 1043:8;

1097:19

Canadian [3] - 1053:19;

1097:8; 1108:21

CANADIAN [3] - 1020:5, 9;

1021:6

cancelled [1] - 1087:2

CANDACE [2] - 1024:9;

1031:24



5

cannot [1] - 1172:4

cap [1] - 1064:21

capacity [6] - 1118:24;

1152:16; 1153:22;

1194:10, 16; 1195:18

CAPACITY [2] - 1027:15;

1119:7

capital [2] - 1122:15;

1181:18

capping [3] - 1064:4, 15;

1065:1

carbon [3] - 1085:10, 12, 20

Caribou [1] - 1043:9

caribou [3] - 1044:11, 17;

1045:23

carried [2] - 1056:24; 1057:1

carry [5] - 1043:12; 1070:4;

1071:8; 1073:3; 1161:1

carrying [1] - 1109:20

Case [14] - 1049:12; 1051:4,

9, 11, 18, 22; 1052:10, 13,

16; 1053:15; 1054:4, 21;

1055:19

case [8] - 1045:4; 1058:8;

1064:25; 1069:23; 1078:1;

1096:8; 1099:20; 1194:4

cases [8] - 1045:8; 1052:11,

14, 19; 1053:10; 1057:6;

1184:3

casts [2] - 1201:4, 23

catch [1] - 1073:8

catchment [2] - 1098:10, 15

categories [3] - 1170:4;

1181:14; 1182:5

categorized [2] - 1181:11;

1182:9

category [1] - 1182:10

caught [1] - 1125:6

causally [2] - 1079:2; 1080:7

caused [1] - 1043:23

cavings [1] - 1200:5

CEAA [5] - 1021:6; 1069:21;

1070:11; 1102:5

CEAR [1] - 1020:5

ceased [1] - 1066:2

cell [7] - 1187:14-16;

1189:13, 19, 21

Cell [6] - 1065:1, 10, 21;

1066:3; 1067:14; 1200:22

cement [1] - 1066:10

Cenovus [1] - 1053:16

certain [6] - 1055:5, 16;

1075:4; 1086:1; 1159:16

certainly [13] - 1040:8;

1045:7; 1051:17; 1054:12,

17; 1055:25; 1056:17;

1099:12; 1109:25;

1118:25; 1127:12; 1167:4;

1196:15

CERTAINTY [2] - 1027:11;

1114:21

certainty [16] - 1051:24;

1086:14, 18; 1106:1, 9;

1110:24; 1111:1, 9, 16;

1112:3; 1114:12; 1120:4;

1159:16, 24

CERTIFICATION [1] - 1205:1

certify [1] - 1205:5

chain [2] - 1155:10; 1159:19

Chair [2] - 1021:3; 1069:12

chair [3] - 1137:3; 1138:13;

1140:2

CHAIRMAN [40] - 1029:4;

1030:1, 4; 1031:13;

1068:4, 14; 1069:4, 7;

1089:2, 4, 11; 1101:9, 15,

20; 1117:12; 1121:11;

1123:15; 1134:8, 17;

1135:5; 1136:10; 1137:4,

20; 1138:24; 1139:8, 22,

25; 1140:14, 25; 1141:4,

12; 1142:12, 24; 1143:10,

15; 1165:15, 19; 1166:1, 5;

1204:7

Chairman [12] - 1029:18;

1030:11; 1031:7; 1032:22;

1068:3; 1117:10; 1133:9;

1142:25; 1144:2; 1165:16,

20; 1204:2

challenges [1] - 1190:1

chance [3] - 1142:3; 1156:5;

1164:23

change [6] - 1077:25;

1081:11; 1088:7, 17;

1192:11; 1204:11

changes [6] - 1040:22;

1068:23; 1084:4; 1167:25;

1188:12; 1194:6

changing [1] - 1191:18

channel [22] - 1149:18, 24;

1150:22; 1151:18;

1192:13-15, 20, 23-24;

1193:3, 9, 13, 16, 18, 20;

1196:3, 10, 12, 18, 21;

1203:15

Channel [3] - 1203:5, 15, 19

CHAPMAN [2] - 1024:15;

1032:11

characteristics [1] - 1199:22

characterization [1] - 1163:3

characterizations [1] -

1110:1

characterize [1] - 1055:23

characterized [1] - 1109:13

charge [1] - 1035:2

Charles [1] - 1021:7

chart [8] - 1111:19; 1112:5,

7, 16-17; 1113:9; 1115:11,

13

chased [1] - 1071:15

chasing [2] - 1071:17;

1073:12

CHECK [2] - 1027:17;

1124:21

check [17] - 1034:12; 1053:7;

1070:15; 1082:24; 1092:1,

7; 1113:10, 12; 1124:7, 13;

1145:24; 1151:11;

1155:16; 1186:20; 1187:6,

18

checked [3] - 1035:20, 24;

1077:14

Chelsea [1] - 1023:4

Chevron [1] - 1108:1

Chicago [1] - 1079:16

Chief [1] - 1109:3

Chip [1] - 1095:22

Chipewyan [5] - 1022:7;

1128:10; 1129:13; 1145:7;

1146:11

CHIPEWYAN [4] - 1024:20;

1026:7; 1032:20; 1068:17

choice [1] - 1111:8

choosing [2] - 1104:16;

1110:22

circle [1] - 1198:12

circumstances [1] - 1142:16

citation [1] - 1080:4

Clair [1] - 1070:19

clarification [3] - 1171:18;

1188:15; 1197:12

clarify [3] - 1051:2; 1187:22;

1188:17

clarity [1] - 1128:23

class [1] - 1098:1

classes [1] - 1040:24

classifications [1] - 1182:3

clauses [1] - 1125:4

clear [16] - 1042:17; 1050:1;

1089:14; 1106:4, 10;

1118:19; 1119:1; 1122:12;

1131:13; 1146:15, 18;

1161:24; 1162:7; 1163:2;

1173:3; 1187:21

clearly [2] - 1105:19; 1139:1

Clearwater [1] - 1022:17

client [4] - 1101:10; 1135:9;

1138:2; 1141:16

client's [1] - 1134:25

clients [1] - 1137:12

climate [2] - 1077:25;

1081:11

Clinton [1] - 1023:9

Clipperton [1] - 1160:2

CLIPPERTON [3] - 1024:12;

1032:4; 1160:2

clocks [1] - 1204:11

close [1] - 1204:7

closely [1] - 1045:19

closer [2] - 1082:1, 25

Closure [1] - 1167:21

closure [14] - 1067:23;

1177:13; 1178:7, 11, 23;

1179:13, 18; 1182:12;

1183:9; 1184:10; 1185:11,

13, 15; 1186:1

Club [4] - 1023:4; 1069:8;

1089:5; 1095:9

CLUB [2] - 1025:4; 1089:16

clustered [1] - 1072:6

CNRL [1] - 1072:7

co [1] - 1078:18

co-authors [1] - 1078:18

coaches [1] - 1083:13

Coalition [1] - 1023:1

COCIA [2] - 1057:1; 1083:6

code [1] - 1181:18

coefficient [1] - 1038:11

coefficients [3] - 1038:5;

1040:13; 1046:22

coffee [2] - 1089:12; 1101:6

cohesion [2] - 1082:5, 16

cohesive" [2] - 1082:18

COLIN [2] - 1024:14; 1032:9

collaboratively [1] - 1083:9

colleague [2] - 1102:12;

1154:1

colleague's [1] - 1113:15

colleagues [3] - 1113:10;

1156:20; 1182:2

collected [2] - 1160:6;

1189:20

collecting [1] - 1098:14

Colleen [2] - 1035:21;

1070:19

Columbia [1] - 1205:4

column [1] - 1094:3

columns [1] - 1094:13

combination [1] - 1047:19

combined [3] - 1043:19;

1044:9; 1154:10

comfort [1] - 1120:3

comfortable [1] - 1120:21

coming [10] - 1029:14;

1082:1, 25; 1084:8;

1133:3, 22; 1139:25;

1140:4, 8; 1162:8

comment [7] - 1051:9;

1078:17; 1115:17;

1120:16; 1138:11; 1175:8

comments [2] - 1144:3;

1185:8

commercial [3] - 1091:20;

1155:14; 1156:4

commitment [2] - 1185:9, 25

commitments [1] - 1062:2

committed [3] - 1031:10;

1179:20

committing [1] - 1179:17



6

common [4] - 1058:24;

1072:14; 1081:18

Communication [1] -

1021:13

communications [1] -

1033:24

Communications [1] -

1021:8

Communities [2] - 1094:5;

1126:4

communities [7] - 1090:25;

1092:25; 1093:17; 1095:7,

10, 19; 1159:8

community [1] - 1096:10

Community [1] - 1022:12

COMMUNITY [2] - 1026:7;

1068:18

companies [5] - 1052:3;

1054:11; 1061:14; 1062:4;

1067:11

company [8] - 1051:25;

1052:7; 1085:18; 1087:17,

19; 1105:10; 1108:23;

1141:16

comparatively [1] - 1034:14

compared [2] - 1058:15;

1153:23

compensate [1] - 1055:6

compensates [1] - 1055:17

compensation [21] -

1152:23; 1153:2, 9, 13, 16,

18, 23; 1154:2, 13-14, 17,

19-20; 1155:12; 1157:17,

19; 1160:22, 24; 1161:2,

25; 1162:2

competent [1] - 1064:18

competitiveness [1] -

1085:24

complement [1] - 1060:15

complete [6] - 1035:18;

1036:3; 1056:4; 1060:5;

1098:4; 1205:10

completed [6] - 1052:1;

1059:22; 1060:2; 1146:10;

1201:6

completely [4] - 1035:17;

1038:17; 1045:3, 5

completes [1] - 1123:3

completing [2] - 1201:7, 9

compliance [1] - 1125:8

complicated [1] - 1163:24

COMPONENT [2] - 1028:9;

1165:6

component [3] - 1112:13;

1115:3; 1164:12

components [3] - 1163:12;

1176:17, 20

components.. [1] - 1090:12

comprehensively [1] -

1036:7

comprise [2] - 1099:3;

1123:18

compromised [1] - 1150:10

concentrated [1] - 1183:21

concentration [1] - 1160:7

concept [3] - 1104:16;

1153:15; 1160:13

concepts [1] - 1157:12

conceptual [3] - 1193:23;

1195:20; 1196:14

concern [6] - 1095:9;

1158:21; 1160:16; 1201:13

concerned [2] - 1092:10;

1155:24

concerning [1] - 1151:14

concerns [27] - 1069:5, 17;

1096:7, 14; 1100:10;

1133:23; 1134:15;

1136:19; 1137:8, 11;

1138:22; 1140:23;

1144:19, 24; 1145:2, 6, 8,

11-13; 1146:8, 17;

1150:4-6; 1156:13; 1196:7

CONCERNS [2] - 1027:23;

1146:25

concludes [2] - 1119:10;

1165:13

conclusion [5] - 1055:15, 22;

1077:22; 1197:21; 1198:1

conclusions [2] - 1075:22;

1199:12

conclusive [1] - 1149:1

concrete [1] - 1065:17

condition [1] - 1057:24

conditions [7] - 1056:8, 12;

1139:15; 1161:17;

1190:13, 16, 19

conduct [2] - 1032:24;

1070:23

conducting [3] - 1071:5;

1074:2; 1103:20

confer [2] - 1125:10; 1165:17

confers) [1] - 1141:2

confidence [5] - 1084:12;

1120:3; 1161:6, 8; 1162:11

confident [4] - 1159:3, 20;

1194:9, 13

confidential [4] - 1100:19;

1124:14, 16; 1125:16

CONFIDENTIAL [4] -

1027:17, 19; 1124:21, 24

confidentiality [2] - 1124:9;

1125:6

CONFIRM [6] - 1027:10, 12;

1028:18; 1114:19, 24;

1188:4

confirm [17] - 1047:12, 17;

1048:18; 1106:5; 1112:12;

1115:1; 1116:14; 1121:18;

1126:16; 1127:7; 1130:19;

1132:1, 3; 1164:25;

1175:5; 1187:24

confirmed [3] - 1075:7;

1078:4; 1125:4

confirming [1] - 1175:3

conflict [1] - 1180:18

conform [1] - 1075:12

conjunction [1] - 1148:17

connected [1] - 1158:8

Connection [1] - 1023:14

connectivity [1] - 1203:9

CONRAD's [1] - 1180:5

conscious [1] - 1033:11

consequences [2] - 1097:4;

1191:10

CONSERVATION [7] -

1020:4, 6, 8, 11; 1021:9;

1028:10; 1165:8

Conservation [3] - 1110:4;

1116:9; 1164:13

conservative [8] - 1045:6,

12; 1178:3, 15; 1179:7, 11;

1180:10, 13

conservatively [1] - 1177:15

consider [7] - 1062:8;

1090:23; 1091:5; 1122:9;

1141:5; 1166:19; 1195:14

considerable [2] - 1060:23;

1200:24

consideration [1] - 1121:20

considerations [1] - 1152:9

considered [7] - 1064:10;

1104:14; 1107:8; 1122:20;

1176:16; 1184:3

considering [3] - 1090:6;

1142:16; 1177:16

considers [1] - 1195:21

consistent [2] - 1077:22;

1127:11

consolidated [1] - 1105:12

Consortium [1] - 1083:6

constructed [11] - 1067:17;

1097:13; 1177:20;

1179:14, 18; 1185:6;

1187:17; 1189:18; 1193:11

construction [7] - 1065:25;

1066:1; 1098:5; 1107:2;

1184:24; 1186:10; 1195:18

consult [2] - 1164:15, 21

CONSULT [2] - 1028:10;

1165:8

consultancy [1] - 1071:7

consultant [1] - 1062:10

consultants [1] - 1073:2

Consultants [4] - 1070:4, 6,

21; 1071:6

consultation [8] - 1126:22;

1134:3; 1135:1; 1136:2;

1141:17; 1145:16; 1152:3

Consultation [4] - 1130:13;

1133:24; 1145:22; 1146:7

CONSULTATION [2] -

1027:22; 1146:22

consultations [1] - 1134:12

consulted [1] - 1150:2

consulting [1] - 1126:24

consumed [1] - 1155:22

consumption [3] - 1077:17;

1156:1; 1160:16

cont'd [1] - 1106:20

CONT'D [2] - 1025:1; 1028:1

contacting [1] - 1062:15

contain [2] - 1100:22;

1194:11

containment [3] - 1094:21;

1097:6; 1193:25

contains [2] - 1117:3;

1119:19

contamination [2] - 1066:21;

1067:3

contemplated [3] - 1075:16;

1148:24; 1161:25

content [2] - 1050:9; 1163:17

context [6] - 1039:22;

1080:19; 1127:22; 1140:5,

12; 1163:20

CONTEXT [2] - 1028:6;

1164:5

contiguous [1] - 1147:22

contingencies [1] - 1191:2

contingency [2] - 1188:9;

1189:15

continue [6] - 1051:6;

1158:23; 1172:10; 1180:2;

1190:18; 1191:3

continued [1] - 1106:22

continues [1] - 1106:11

CONTINUING [2] - 1024:21;

1032:21

continuing [1] - 1203:12

contour [1] - 1182:23

contracted [2] - 1076:18

contrast [1] - 1151:12

contributors [1] - 1041:6

controlled [1] - 1183:19

controls [1] - 1162:10

convenient [2] - 1116:19;

1129:1

conventional [2] - 1058:15,

24

convert [4] - 1163:23;

1181:15, 22; 1182:8

converting [1] - 1181:18

conveying [1] - 1159:2

Cooke [1] - 1021:4

cooperative [1] - 1203:25

cooperatively [1] - 1203:17

coordinated [1] - 1099:9

Coordinator [1] - 1021:12



7

COPA [1] - 1108:4

copies [6] - 1029:23, 25;

1102:12; 1123:23;

1124:10; 1143:8

copy [3] - 1102:13, 20

core [1] - 1199:2

cores [1] - 1066:5

corner [3] - 1049:14; 1050:3;

1189:8

Corporate [2] - 1079:18

corporate [4] - 1078:3;

1122:3; 1127:3; 1133:5

corporation [3] - 1105:9;

1122:5

Corps [1] - 1065:14

correct [51] - 1034:1, 11-12,

24-25; 1035:7; 1036:24;

1037:19; 1038:1, 22;

1039:21; 1040:5; 1041:1;

1042:19; 1047:11, 16;

1048:21; 1054:10; 1060:7;

1063:10; 1078:5; 1087:23;

1091:9; 1107:25; 1110:17;

1112:1; 1114:9; 1115:5, 9;

1116:18; 1123:19; 1130:9;

1149:15; 1153:15; 1159:1;

1163:22; 1172:6; 1173:6;

1181:2; 1186:3; 1188:2;

1195:16; 1205:10

corrected [1] - 1034:5

correction [2] - 1129:4;

1151:8

correctly [4] - 1046:24;

1054:6; 1170:23; 1173:23

corridor [8] - 1039:14, 19;

1040:4, 19, 25; 1041:14,

20; 1042:2

corridors [3] - 1039:17;

1041:5; 1046:4

cost [1] - 1107:3

Council [2] - 1164:11;

1165:23

COUNCIL [2] - 1028:8;

1165:5

counsel [11] - 1102:6, 12;

1117:2; 1130:17; 1138:17;

1139:7; 1164:10, 15, 18;

1166:10

Counsel [3] - 1021:7, 10

COUNSEL [6] - 1028:7,

11-12; 1165:4, 8, 11

count [2] - 1074:9; 1075:8

counted [1] - 1179:6

counterpart [1] - 1047:18

country [1] - 1081:19

couple [5] - 1069:13;

1089:22; 1113:21;

1182:13; 1186:19

course [11] - 1042:6;

1046:10; 1084:5; 1088:4;

1110:15; 1120:5; 1127:16;

1129:9; 1149:5; 1150:7;

1162:8

COURT [1] - 1023:13

Courtney [1] - 1021:20

cover [1] - 1097:4

coverage [1] - 1086:1

covered [2] - 1045:24;

1053:4

cracks [1] - 1201:3

create [2] - 1048:1; 1100:22

created [1] - 1178:5

creation [1] - 1155:3

Cree [11] - 1022:17, 21;

1128:11; 1129:13; 1130:8,

17, 22, 24; 1131:1;

1133:22; 1144:17

Creek [1] - 1053:20

crew [3] - 1037:5, 10;

1071:13

crews [3] - 1037:11; 1042:4;

1073:12

criterion [1] - 1192:8

critical [2] - 1106:2; 1111:12

critically [1] - 1120:5

cross [18] - 1032:25; 1033:3,

12; 1077:14; 1102:3, 10;

1117:16; 1133:10;

1134:23; 1135:14;

1138:20; 1197:10;

1198:14; 1199:9, 15

CROSS [11] - 1024:20, 24;

1025:4, 7; 1026:10, 13;

1032:20; 1069:16;

1089:16; 1101:25; 1121:9

cross-checked [1] - 1077:14

CROSS-EXAMINATION [11]

- 1024:20, 24; 1025:4, 7;

1026:10, 13; 1032:20;

1069:16; 1089:16;

1101:25; 1121:9

cross-examination [5] -

1032:25; 1033:3; 1102:3,

10; 1117:16

cross-examine [1] - 1033:12

cross-section [1] - 1199:9

cross-sectional [1] -

1199:10

cross-sections [5] -

1197:10; 1198:14; 1199:9,

15

crosses [1] - 1057:7

crossing [1] - 1058:3

Crown [16] - 1130:13;

1133:24; 1134:1, 4, 14;

1136:14, 21-22; 1137:6, 8;

1145:17, 21, 23; 1161:19

CROWN [2] - 1027:22;

1146:23

crystal [1] - 1089:14

CSR(A [3] - 1023:15; 1205:3,

19

culturally [1] - 1094:6

Culturally [1] - 1079:19

culture [1] - 1127:18

cumulative [5] - 1051:5,

14-15; 1130:13; 1180:2

curious [2] - 1096:8; 1172:16

Curran [1] - 1021:12

CURRENT [2] - 1027:6;

1050:17

current [14] - 1049:7, 9;

1050:6; 1054:3; 1066:3;

1075:15; 1081:8; 1088:23;

1118:16; 1186:17;

1189:17; 1191:11; 1195:8

CURRENTLY [2] - 1027:14;

1119:6

cut [8] - 1042:3, 8-9;

1056:16, 18-19; 1058:9;

1203:21

cut-off [1] - 1203:21

Cynthia [1] - 1022:18

D

dam [6] - 1096:20; 1097:9,

16-17, 22; 1098:1

Dam [3] - 1097:7, 12

dams [5] - 1065:21; 1089:25;

1097:13; 1098:8; 1193:19

Dan [1] - 1022:3

Daniel [1] - 1021:19

Daniela [1] - 1022:22

DARRELL [2] - 1024:17;

1032:15

data [47] - 1047:10, 18,

20-21, 25; 1048:4, 9-10,

18; 1049:6, 10; 1050:7;

1051:25; 1054:9; 1060:12,

14, 21, 24-25; 1061:5, 7,

15, 17, 21, 25; 1062:2, 4-5,

7, 11, 13, 16; 1067:7, 9;

1078:9, 12, 15; 1088:19;

1197:17; 1198:5; 1199:14

DATA [2] - 1027:6; 1050:17

data-analysis-based [1] -

1078:15

dated [1] - 1130:18

daunting [2] - 1052:6;

1054:7

DAVID [2] - 1024:8; 1031:22

Davis [1] - 1079:15

Davis-Floyd [1] - 1079:15

day-to-day [1] - 1037:7

days [3] - 1069:14; 1138:15;

1150:1

dead [2] - 1034:9, 14

deal [4] - 1097:3; 1127:19;

1193:17; 1194:2

deals [1] - 1109:6

dealt [2] - 1162:15; 1200:20

Debbie [1] - 1022:19

Deborah [1] - 1021:21

decade [1] - 1182:7

decades [2] - 1084:14;

1110:13

December [6] - 1116:3, 9;

1168:12, 18; 1183:12;

1184:21

decided [3] - 1044:18;

1176:14; 1195:17

DECISION [2] - 1028:9;

1165:6

decision [37] - 1063:13;

1084:24; 1104:21, 25;

1106:3, 7; 1107:16, 20;

1108:9, 11, 13, 20; 1109:1;

1110:19, 24; 1111:8, 12;

1119:25; 1120:11;

1121:21; 1122:4, 7, 10;

1123:1; 1125:12; 1133:16,

18, 20, 22; 1148:6;

1150:16; 1151:20;

1152:22; 1161:17; 1164:12

decision-maker [1] -

1161:17

decision-makers [2] -

1133:16, 22

decision-making [2] -

1084:24; 1107:20

decisions [8] - 1079:6;

1080:11; 1083:2; 1088:3;

1104:24; 1106:25; 1120:2;

1134:5

define [1] - 1199:5

defined [3] - 1043:22;

1104:18; 1105:19

defining [1] - 1044:16

definitely [4] - 1073:22;

1122:19; 1126:14; 1194:2

definition [1] - 1107:13

definitive [1] - 1088:8

degree [3] - 1052:17;

1110:24; 1138:19

delay [1] - 1085:23

delays [1] - 1086:8

deliberate [1] - 1082:22

deliverables [1] - 1105:24

deliverables.. [1] - 1105:20

delivering [1] - 1083:15

Delta [1] - 1030:14

demand [11] - 1077:8, 12;

1083:24; 1084:3, 9-10, 12;

1085:17; 1087:16; 1088:1,

15

demands [1] - 1087:21

democratic [2] - 1084:22;

1085:1



8

demonstrated [1] - 1044:6

demonstrates [1] - 1065:9

density [1] - 1050:23

Denstedt [7] - 1022:2;

1102:7; 1137:21; 1166:1;

1173:12; 1174:15; 1199:20

DENSTEDT [22] - 1049:2, 19;

1050:13; 1069:5; 1079:13;

1092:6; 1114:4, 10;

1119:1; 1124:12; 1135:18;

1139:23; 1146:18;

1163:19; 1164:19;

1165:16, 20; 1174:6, 13,

17; 1187:21; 1188:19

Department [2] - 1120:20;

1124:7

dependent [4] - 1063:4, 16;

1065:5; 1107:1

deploy [1] - 1101:14

deposits [4] - 1064:4;

1194:24; 1195:25

depressional [4] - 1178:4,

12; 1179:2; 1181:25

depth [4] - 1062:22; 1063:3,

9, 15

Deranger [2] - 1022:10

derive [1] - 1077:4

derived [1] - 1085:6

describe [16] - 1060:12;

1078:2; 1093:14, 17;

1095:6; 1103:16; 1104:1;

1109:22; 1121:17; 1134:6,

13; 1145:12; 1147:7;

1163:11; 1185:21

described [19] - 1093:16;

1103:10; 1106:6; 1108:4;

1112:17; 1113:6; 1117:23,

25; 1126:10; 1127:4;

1132:23; 1139:10;

1145:15; 1147:6, 11;

1156:6

describes [1] - 1043:2

describing [1] - 1185:17

DESCRIPTION [5] - 1024:2;

1025:2; 1026:2; 1027:2;

1028:3

description [5] - 1077:2;

1094:17; 1121:19;

1162:23; 1181:12

design [18] - 1097:11;

1098:16; 1104:17;

1161:24; 1162:6; 1180:1;

1186:10; 1188:10, 13;

1190:15, 17, 24; 1191:11;

1192:22; 1193:22;

1195:20; 1196:13; 1200:3

designed [7] - 1097:6, 13;

1103:18; 1183:18;

1189:20; 1193:23; 1195:1

designing [1] - 1162:1

designs [2] - 1097:16;

1098:2

Destruction [1] - 1154:8

detail [2] - 1070:22; 1119:21

detailed [6] - 1048:23;

1104:19; 1188:13;

1190:23; 1192:22; 1193:6

details [5] - 1046:14;

1059:10; 1119:20; 1154:3;

1160:12

detect [1] - 1157:9

detected [1] - 1072:3

detecting [1] - 1073:6

detections [2] - 1072:1;

1073:20

determine [8] - 1060:22;

1061:2; 1066:6; 1084:23;

1160:7; 1187:13; 1193:6;

1202:23

determined [5] - 1046:1, 5;

1067:18; 1086:8; 1152:21

determiner [1] - 1085:3

determining [1] - 1192:7

deterrence [2] - 1035:3;

1036:8

deterrent [2] - 1035:16;

1075:5

deterrents [2] - 1076:5, 17

develop [4] - 1149:4; 1161:3;

1179:12; 1185:19

developed [6] - 1060:24;

1148:13, 16, 20; 1189:14;

1191:8

developers [1] - 1035:5

development [19] - 1039:4;

1042:18, 25; 1046:4;

1050:24; 1056:11; 1060:4;

1086:25; 1087:19;

1103:19; 1110:3; 1148:8,

24; 1151:22; 1153:8;

1163:15; 1167:22; 1168:5;

1179:23

Development [23] - 1049:13;

1051:4, 9, 11, 18, 22;

1052:10, 13, 15; 1053:15;

1054:4, 20; 1055:19;

1105:2; 1106:20; 1147:11,

19; 1157:6; 1158:1;

1159:1; 1162:19; 1163:4;

1178:24

Developments [1] - 1037:18

developments [4] - 1043:3;

1051:19; 1056:7; 1106:10

devise [1] - 1150:13

Devonian [18] - 1060:17;

1064:5; 1067:13, 20;

1197:6, 15, 18-19; 1198:7;

1199:10, 16, 22, 24;

1200:7, 12, 25; 1201:22

dewatering [5] - 1196:3, 12,

20; 1203:15, 22

DFO [3] - 1158:23; 1160:25

died [1] - 1033:22

differences [2] - 1043:5;

1072:17

different [19] - 1039:1;

1046:8, 20-21, 23;

1047:20; 1074:18;

1081:13; 1095:25; 1096:5;

1103:19, 25; 1121:14;

1140:7; 1147:4; 1161:4;

1182:4; 1192:13

differential [1] - 1040:23

difficult [5] - 1052:2;

1054:22; 1062:17;

1080:18; 1081:3

Diffusion [1] - 1079:19

dig [1] - 1204:6

digital [2] - 1048:4; 1102:20

Dilay [7] - 1021:3; 1101:12,

23; 1123:13; 1136:11;

1140:20; 1165:13

direct [6] - 1045:15; 1080:4;

1125:24; 1144:9; 1171:2,

12

directed [1] - 1103:4

direction [1] - 1109:10

directions [1] - 1094:25

Directive [6] - 1030:15, 22;

1031:1; 1195:4, 7

directly [7] - 1033:15;

1037:6; 1063:16; 1064:16;

1087:10; 1095:24; 1188:21

disagree [4] - 1170:15, 22;

1187:4; 1194:5

disagreement [1] - 1140:19

Disaster [1] - 1099:1

discharge [1] - 1165:20

disclosed [3] - 1100:2, 13;

1101:3

discovered [1] - 1034:6

discovers [1] - 1189:25

discuss [2] - 1064:1;

1066:20

discussed [11] - 1086:23;

1119:13, 16; 1125:13;

1135:20; 1144:6; 1149:25;

1150:8; 1153:8; 1154:23;

1196:15

discussing [3] - 1043:14;

1078:11; 1100:11

discussion [6] - 1068:22;

1080:22; 1084:1; 1085:1;

1100:24; 1200:15

discussions [4] - 1069:14;

1148:25; 1150:12; 1156:9

disparate [2] - 1081:12

displacement [2] - 1040:18;

1046:2

disposal [5] - 1090:15;

1183:5; 1184:12; 1194:24;

1195:1

Disposal [2] - 1091:16;

1186:14

dispute [1] - 1096:19

Disruption [1] - 1154:8

dissolution [7] - 1197:1, 11,

13, 23; 1198:2, 16;

1199:13

distance [2] - 1186:17;

1187:24

DISTANCE [2] - 1028:19;

1188:5

distances [1] - 1192:7

distinction [5] - 1109:23, 25;

1110:11; 1111:10; 1142:9

distinguish [1] - 1110:18

disturbance [51] - 1037:24;

1038:5, 11, 21, 24;

1039:16; 1040:13, 16, 25;

1041:5, 13, 20; 1043:14,

17, 22-23; 1044:2, 17;

1045:17; 1046:21-23, 25;

1047:2, 11, 24; 1048:1, 11;

1049:9, 16; 1051:6, 15;

1052:21; 1053:22; 1054:3,

9; 1055:17; 1056:7, 12, 20;

1057:15, 20, 23; 1058:2, 7,

12; 1152:7; 1163:8, 10, 14,

20

DISTURBANCE [2] - 1028:5;

1164:5

disturbances [1] - 1050:3

disturbed [6] - 1053:24;

1055:6, 16; 1168:14, 25;

1169:1

disturbing [3] - 1053:2;

1077:25; 1169:17

ditches [1] - 1190:8

divergent [1] - 1081:6

diversion [17] - 1149:21, 24;

1150:5, 25; 1151:2, 15, 18;

1152:2; 1192:12, 15, 20;

1193:9, 20-21; 1196:3

Diversion [3] - 1030:24;

1150:24; 1175:6

divert [1] - 1193:13

diverted [2] - 1152:13;

1196:5

document [13] - 1040:10;

1067:12; 1069:20; 1102:5;

1116:7; 1118:4, 6, 17;

1121:14; 1155:1, 25;

1158:24; 1174:24

documentation [3] -

1051:12; 1069:24; 1146:2

documented [7] - 1036:20;

1037:1; 1128:13; 1130:16;

1131:9, 18; 1132:1

DOCUMENTS [2] - 1027:23;



9

1146:24

documents [6] - 1100:18,

21; 1102:8; 1123:23;

1146:16

DOING [2] - 1027:6; 1050:16

Don [2] - 1021:18; 1022:21

done [29] - 1037:9, 11;

1042:3; 1045:15, 20;

1054:12; 1057:8; 1068:2;

1074:23; 1075:3; 1077:11;

1094:20; 1097:18;

1103:22; 1106:6; 1133:4;

1135:3, 9; 1136:4;

1139:11; 1148:23;

1169:18; 1189:23;

1190:17; 1197:18, 25;

1198:15; 1199:24

Donna [2] - 1022:10

dots [1] - 1049:16

doubt [1] - 1167:16

down [9] - 1034:3; 1042:21;

1043:4; 1117:20; 1120:1;

1149:7; 1174:9; 1203:16;

1205:7

downloaded [1] - 1117:1

downward [1] - 1065:24

Dr [4] - 1035:21; 1053:5, 25;

1057:21

Draft [3] - 1154:23; 1156:21

draft [1] - 1177:4

drainage [2] - 1178:7;

1179:15

drastic [1] - 1201:20

drawing [2] - 1135:25;

1203:16

drawing-out [1] - 1135:25

drawn [1] - 1142:10

dried [2] - 1195:5, 25

drill [3] - 1200:7, 10; 1201:21

drilling [8] - 1054:9; 1055:7,

18; 1066:4; 1197:17;

1199:24; 1203:12

Drive [1] - 1020:24

drivers [1] - 1086:7

drives [3] - 1083:2, 13;

1087:15

Ducks [1] - 1179:24

ducks [2] - 1034:15; 1073:13

due [6] - 1041:16; 1067:4;

1072:23; 1087:2, 5;

1159:13

dump [5] - 1176:10; 1194:15;

1195:10, 18; 1196:1

dumps [6] - 1182:20; 1185:3;

1188:18; 1195:6, 20

DUNCANSON [9] - 1024:4;

1029:17; 1030:10; 1031:3,

7; 1142:25; 1143:12;

1144:1

Duncanson [3] - 1022:2;

1029:14; 1142:24

duplicated [1] - 1127:9

DURING [3] - 1026:10, 13;

1121:9

during [3] - 1102:3; 1117:16;

1138:23

Dutch [7] - 1077:6; 1097:24;

1105:5, 11; 1108:24;

1109:3; 1127:17

duties [1] - 1129:10

duty [2] - 1132:19

Dyer's [2] - 1044:22; 1045:3

dyke [7] - 1091:17; 1095:18;

1184:13; 1188:10; 1189:5;

1190:1, 6

dykes [3] - 1098:6; 1186:11;

1188:24

E

E&P [1] - 1023:8

E-10 [1] - 1020:7

e.g [3] - 1072:12, 15;

1090:24

Eamon [1] - 1022:7

EARLIER [2] - 1028:12;

1165:10

early [1] - 1174:10

earth [1] - 1066:1

easier [3] - 1064:20;

1074:11; 1199:7

easiest [1] - 1180:22

easily [1] - 1049:21

East [1] - 1053:20

east [4] - 1049:15; 1176:10;

1187:16; 1197:5

easy [1] - 1135:8

economic [6] - 1085:16;

1086:7; 1088:3; 1151:22;

1152:20; 1167:15

ecosites [1] - 1178:22

ecosystem [1] - 1180:1

ecosystems [1] - 1177:18

edge [2] - 1185:19

edited [1] - 1079:15

editor [1] - 1079:20

effect [4] - 1044:2; 1095:20,

24; 1096:21

effective [3] - 1064:10;

1160:17

effectively [5] - 1039:14;

1040:5, 9; 1057:9; 1160:20

effectiveness [2] - 1039:23;

1064:2

effects [19] - 1042:7, 22;

1043:6, 19; 1044:9;

1051:14; 1090:7; 1091:14,

19; 1092:15; 1094:21;

1095:3, 6, 11, 21; 1096:2,

4; 1130:13

Effects [1] - 1037:17

efficacy [1] - 1035:16

efficient [1] - 1151:21

effort [6] - 1072:18; 1097:1;

1099:9; 1160:19; 1194:3;

1200:25

EIA [7] - 1030:20; 1147:8;

1169:23; 1171:19;

1172:15; 1180:9; 1182:15

eight [1] - 1089:8

either [9] - 1038:21; 1039:18;

1049:12; 1056:3, 5, 18;

1064:16; 1194:20; 1203:21

elaborate [1] - 1145:1

ELDER [2] - 1026:6; 1068:17

Elders [1] - 1069:1

elements [7] - 1090:24;

1092:16, 22; 1093:15;

1094:17, 22; 1190:12

elevated [1] - 1157:22

elevation [3] - 1190:15, 25;

1194:21

Elford [2] - 1022:9; 1102:14

elicit [2] - 1129:21; 1130:24

elsewhere [3] - 1040:10;

1065:11, 19

embodied [1] - 1136:15

Emergency [7] - 1098:22-24;

1099:2-4; 1100:7

emergency [1] - 1099:5

emissions [1] - 1167:15

emphasis [1] - 1177:16

empirical [4] - 1067:7, 9, 25;

1068:1

employ [1] - 1200:18

employed [4] - 1058:15;

1065:19, 21; 1168:8

encouraging [1] - 1062:3

end [21] - 1029:21; 1030:12;

1042:6; 1044:25; 1053:3,

23; 1067:16, 23; 1075:2, 6,

10, 14; 1085:14; 1111:6;

1167:9; 1174:12; 1185:21;

1201:16

endeavour [3] - 1142:8;

1144:7; 1175:9

endeavoured [1] - 1144:3

ending [1] - 1172:18

ENERGY [6] - 1020:3, 6, 11;

1021:9; 1026:12; 1121:7

energy [4] - 1077:2, 12;

1084:23; 1088:15

Energy [5] - 1053:20; 1062:5,

14; 1111:24; 1116:9

engage [1] - 1127:13

engagement [2] - 1120:20;

1126:23

engineer [1] - 1064:20

engineering [1] - 1104:19

Engineers [1] - 1065:15

engineers [1] - 1061:4

ensure [8] - 1097:1; 1099:13;

1103:18; 1155:11;

1157:10; 1161:20; 1196:16

ensuring [3] - 1129:1;

1151:23; 1196:8

enter [6] - 1155:12; 1156:5;

1157:11; 1159:18, 24;

1161:21

entered [2] - 1033:5; 1061:23

entering [2] - 1062:1; 1161:7

entire [5] - 1048:21; 1053:2,

21; 1055:20; 1182:18

entirely [3] - 1036:18;

1037:8; 1040:2

entities [3] - 1129:23; 1130:1

entity [1] - 1123:1

enumerate [1] - 1114:5

enumerated [1] - 1095:8

Environment [15] - 1034:23;

1043:8, 14; 1044:5, 15, 18;

1045:2; 1046:6, 12;

1097:12; 1113:25; 1115:7;

1157:5, 25; 1159:12

environment [10] - 1090:24;

1091:15; 1092:16, 23;

1093:15; 1094:18, 22;

1157:19; 1180:8

ENVIRONMENTAL [3] -

1020:5, 9; 1021:6

Environmental [10] - 1023:1;

1091:12; 1102:4, 19, 23;

1103:1; 1147:7; 1148:19;

1180:3, 6

environmental [12] - 1082:5;

1083:8; 1088:4; 1090:7,

22; 1091:4, 19; 1092:15;

1094:20; 1096:21;

1150:17, 19

environmentally [1] -

1151:24

EPEA [17] - 1026:17;

1027:10; 1110:4; 1112:17;

1113:6, 8, 16; 1114:7, 20;

1115:2; 1118:11; 1119:12;

1120:13; 1143:7, 11, 16,

22

equally [2] - 1064:11, 18

equals [1] - 1065:24

equations [1] - 1061:1

ERCB [24] - 1020:4; 1021:9,

13; 1027:14; 1028:9;

1062:6; 1097:12; 1098:3;

1106:13; 1112:13; 1115:3;

1117:24; 1118:22, 24;

1119:5, 7; 1120:13;

1133:18; 1164:12; 1165:6;

1166:16; 1202:22; 1203:1

Erin [1] - 1021:17



10

erosion [2] - 1169:16;

1183:22

errata [2] - 1115:22

Esq [9] - 1021:7, 10; 1022:2,

7, 9, 13, 23; 1023:3

ESRD [2] - 1157:1, 3

essence [1] - 1037:21

essential [1] - 1203:25

essentially [1] - 1104:3

ESTABLISHED [1] - 1020:1

established [2] - 1037:16;

1160:25

Establishment [1] - 1177:5

estimate [3] - 1078:8;

1089:6; 1204:3

estimated [2] - 1031:11;

1095:3

ET [2] - 1053:20; 1186:21

ETDA [7] - 1028:19; 1091:16;

1095:18; 1186:17;

1187:25; 1188:5; 1191:11

ETF [3] - 1189:9, 17; 1190:8

ETFs [1] - 1188:18

EUB [13] - 1026:15; 1027:14;

1112:8; 1113:3; 1118:1,

12, 14, 22; 1119:5; 1143:4,

11, 15, 18

Europe [1] - 1084:1

evaluative [1] - 1100:14

event [13] - 1034:19-21;

1067:15; 1079:3; 1080:8;

1091:2; 1093:4; 1097:2;

1098:13, 20; 1099:15;

1142:17

events [4] - 1097:23;

1099:11; 1193:18

eventually [1] - 1100:16

evidence [10] - 1035:25;

1036:11; 1037:4; 1038:20;

1065:8; 1067:25; 1068:1;

1122:6; 1134:24; 1137:15

evolve [3] - 1178:9; 1179:3;

1181:25

evolves [2] - 1126:20;

1136:12

exact [1] - 1061:2

exactly [6] - 1050:11; 1106:4;

1173:24; 1180:17;

1187:21; 1193:7

EXACTLY [2] - 1027:8;

1050:19

examination [10] - 1032:25;

1033:3; 1102:3, 10;

1117:16; 1121:15; 1123:3;

1125:13, 15, 19

EXAMINATION [11] -

1024:20, 24; 1025:4, 7;

1026:10, 13; 1032:20;

1069:16; 1089:16;

1101:25; 1121:9

examine [2] - 1033:12;

1121:18

examining [1] - 1075:24

example [12] - 1038:10;

1060:25; 1081:11; 1083:4;

1085:8; 1093:16; 1110:6-8;

1129:15; 1139:14; 1156:25

examples [6] - 1053:12, 21;

1057:22; 1065:18;

1066:15; 1087:1

excavating [1] - 1191:17

exceeding [1] - 1160:9

except [1] - 1202:25

exception [1] - 1098:12

excerpt [2] - 1033:5; 1117:3

EXCERPTS [1] - 1026:9

excerpts [1] - 1117:14

excited [1] - 1089:20

excuse [3] - 1082:8; 1133:9;

1155:15

execute [2] - 1086:22;

1107:4

executing [1] - 1106:10

Executive [2] - 1071:22;

1109:3

exercise [3] - 1132:22, 24;

1133:5

exfiltration [2] - 1196:10, 18

exhausted [2] - 1202:24

exhibit [10] - 1068:11;

1102:9; 1116:4; 1117:9;

1121:4; 1146:1, 6, 16;

1171:20

Exhibit [25] - 1033:6; 1043:7;

1047:6; 1102:5; 1116:7;

1125:22; 1130:18; 1131:9,

19; 1132:1; 1147:5;

1154:24; 1162:18;

1171:21; 1174:20, 22;

1175:1; 1177:9; 1178:18;

1186:7, 24; 1187:8;

1191:20; 1192:5; 1196:23

EXHIBIT [16] - 1026:3, 6, 9,

12, 15, 17; 1027:21, 23;

1030:6; 1068:16; 1117:14;

1121:7; 1143:18, 22;

1146:22, 24

exhibits [1] - 1143:12

EXHIBITS [1] - 1026:1

EXIST [2] - 1027:14; 1119:6

exist [4] - 1038:21; 1118:23;

1125:7

existing [9] - 1086:13, 18;

1118:1; 1122:18; 1128:21;

1171:6; 1174:19, 21;

1189:2

EXISTING [2] - 1028:14;

1175:17

exists [1] - 1176:9

expand [1] - 1194:20

Expanded [1] - 1177:14

expanded [3] - 1086:20;

1176:17; 1178:23

expansion [3] - 1074:18;

1086:12, 18

Expansion [46] - 1029:22;

1053:18; 1059:23;

1075:16; 1076:24;

1083:25; 1085:7, 17;

1086:9, 12; 1088:11, 22;

1089:23; 1090:3; 1105:24;

1108:17; 1116:1; 1117:6;

1120:11; 1121:22;

1123:19; 1126:18;

1127:24; 1128:19, 25;

1129:8; 1130:5; 1144:13;

1145:3; 1147:19, 23;

1148:4, 11, 21; 1149:14;

1152:12; 1154:11;

1162:19, 24; 1167:21;

1183:17; 1194:15; 1197:4,

16; 1200:1

EXPANSION [1] - 1020:1

expect [8] - 1038:9, 14;

1089:19; 1099:25;

1125:16; 1157:23; 1179:8;

1181:17

expectation [2] - 1099:8;

1166:25

expected [3] - 1177:22;

1178:9; 1183:15

expects [1] - 1179:3

expensive [1] - 1062:3

experience [4] - 1162:1;

1192:1; 1200:23

experienced [1] - 1067:12

experiences [2] - 1126:20;

1134:12

expert [3] - 1062:6, 10;

1156:18

expertise [2] - 1086:24

experts [1] - 1098:1

explain [5] - 1048:9;

1055:14; 1059:13; 1070:5;

1179:1

explained [2] - 1055:22;

1126:21

explicitly [2] - 1051:21;

1052:23

exploration [7] - 1042:4;

1051:21; 1053:1, 6;

1054:9; 1055:7; 1119:10

explore [3] - 1107:12, 17;

1126:17

explored [1] - 1190:13

exposing [1] - 1203:14

exposure [2] - 1157:13;

1162:12

EXPRESSED [2] - 1028:11;

1165:10

expressed [2] - 1150:4;

1164:17

expression [2] - 1145:5;

1169:12

extend [1] - 1189:4

extending [1] - 1044:4

extension [1] - 1088:22

extensive [1] - 1072:18

extent [7] - 1055:2; 1057:3;

1100:12; 1162:9; 1166:19;

1169:4; 1203:13

external [2] - 1097:14;

1186:21

External [2] - 1091:15;

1186:13

externally [1] - 1081:23

extreme [1] - 1202:11

extremely [2] - 1061:7;

1062:2

F

face [1] - 1140:19

faces [1] - 1200:9

facilities [1] - 1098:17

facility [4] - 1098:11;

1186:22; 1190:20; 1191:4

fact [10] - 1037:25; 1038:23;

1039:2; 1049:8, 24;

1052:23; 1059:6; 1088:21;

1096:21; 1110:23

factor [1] - 1192:9

factored [1] - 1039:3

factors [11] - 1039:1; 1081:2;

1121:17, 19; 1122:4, 9, 13,

16, 19, 25; 1169:5

facts [2] - 1141:20, 25

failed [1] - 1033:25

failure [8] - 1033:23;

1091:17; 1094:21, 25;

1095:1, 18; 1192:8

failures [1] - 1192:6

fair [10] - 1035:15; 1036:2;

1120:9; 1123:2; 1124:11;

1129:9; 1133:4; 1140:3;

1194:8; 1198:22

fairly [3] - 1049:10; 1084:14;

1193:21

fall [1] - 1126:1

familiar [1] - 1048:12

familiarized [1] - 1129:11

far [3] - 1044:19; 1159:17;

1167:17

fashion [1] - 1086:22

Faster [1] - 1057:2

fate [1] - 1166:10

faults [1] - 1200:5

features [6] - 1044:8;

1060:17; 1178:7; 1200:4,



11

13; 1202:14

February [1] - 1205:14

federal [1] - 1107:6

Federal [3] - 1107:14;

1135:23; 1136:14

federally [1] - 1046:16

federally-listed [1] - 1046:16

feedback [1] - 1126:23

feet [1] - 1166:12

felt [2] - 1071:1; 1073:4

few [4] - 1033:7; 1054:6;

1059:1; 1187:12

field [2] - 1098:4; 1187:18

figure [7] - 1042:25; 1047:10;

1048:2; 1052:15; 1123:11;

1163:25; 1175:12

Figure [10] - 1043:2; 1047:3,

12; 1049:12; 1123:10;

1147:18; 1148:14;

1162:18; 1168:12; 1186:23

FIGURES [4] - 1028:15, 17;

1175:17, 20

figures [17] - 1099:19;

1167:22; 1170:16; 1172:6,

15, 17-18, 22; 1173:2, 8,

14, 16, 21, 25; 1174:3, 22;

1175:11

Figures [3] - 1170:9; 1172:5;

1203:4

file [1] - 1069:22

filed [2] - 1043:7; 1129:7

final [31] - 1106:6, 25;

1107:15; 1108:8, 11, 20;

1110:20; 1119:25;

1120:10; 1121:21; 1122:7,

10; 1125:11; 1133:19;

1138:23; 1140:15; 1148:5;

1149:2; 1162:14; 1164:8;

1168:15; 1169:10;

1172:12; 1175:23; 1177:7;

1178:17; 1184:18;

1185:23; 1186:1; 1188:13

finalized [1] - 1176:8

finalizing [1] - 1200:2

finally [4] - 1031:7; 1168:17;

1170:9; 1192:10

financial [2] - 1086:2;

1108:24

fine [3] - 1173:11; 1174:14;

1199:19

fines [3] - 1195:5, 24

finish [5] - 1049:25; 1082:11;

1134:8; 1165:18; 1167:15

fire [1] - 1043:19

firm [1] - 1198:7

FIRST [2] - 1024:20; 1032:20

First [30] - 1022:7, 11, 13,

16, 22; 1099:6; 1100:9;

1128:10-12; 1129:13, 20;

1130:8; 1131:8, 10-11, 18,

21, 23; 1132:4, 14; 1133:7;

1144:11, 17; 1145:7, 10;

1146:11

first [23] - 1029:20; 1033:15,

19; 1069:17; 1070:7;

1089:18; 1090:1; 1102:16;

1104:5; 1117:23; 1119:11;

1120:17; 1126:19;

1135:21; 1137:17; 1143:4,

13; 1162:16; 1181:11;

1186:16; 1198:17

firstly [1] - 1190:12

fiscal [1] - 1107:7

fish [31] - 1153:5; 1154:9;

1155:11, 18, 20-22;

1156:1, 5, 14, 18; 1157:9,

11, 16, 18, 23; 1158:11,

13; 1159:18, 24; 1160:5, 8,

15, 21; 1161:7, 9, 12, 20

fished [2] - 1158:3, 7

Fisheries [4] - 1120:6, 15,

20; 1156:10

fisheries [1] - 1156:6

fishery [10] - 1155:13;

1156:3, 5; 1157:11;

1159:25; 1161:7, 21

Fishery [1] - 1157:1

Fishing [1] - 1158:2

fishing [6] - 1159:9; 1160:4,

10, 12, 18

fit [1] - 1166:22

Fitch [1] - 1192:17

FITCH [4] - 1024:13; 1032:7;

1192:16; 1196:7

fits [1] - 1123:5

five [5] - 1038:11; 1076:3;

1170:3, 17; 1172:20

five-year [1] - 1172:20

flatter [1] - 1189:21

fleet [1] - 1191:18

flexibility [1] - 1176:5

flit [1] - 1074:7

floats [2] - 1033:25; 1164:24

flood [1] - 1099:24

flook [1] - 1200:16

Flook [5] - 1023:4; 1069:8;

1089:5; 1101:9

FLOOK [6] - 1025:5; 1089:8,

13, 16-17; 1092:9

flow [6] - 1061:8; 1066:2;

1099:21; 1149:20; 1174:1;

1194:1

flowed [2] - 1067:14;

1149:18

flows [5] - 1125:21; 1132:22;

1193:15; 1196:21

Floyd [1] - 1079:15

fluid [6] - 1067:14, 19, 22;

1098:14; 1201:4

fly [1] - 1073:9

fly-overs [1] - 1073:9

flying [1] - 1075:8

focus [2] - 1111:11; 1156:2

focused [7] - 1081:17;

1082:7; 1083:5; 1085:19;

1087:18; 1110:2, 9

follow [5] - 1032:24; 1033:7;

1116:17; 1133:13; 1177:3

follow-up [2] - 1032:24;

1033:7

followed [1] - 1045:18

following [3] - 1090:11;

1106:22; 1179:13

follows [1] - 1115:8

food [2] - 1155:10; 1159:18

footprint [18] - 1043:18;

1052:14, 16; 1057:20;

1085:12; 1170:25; 1171:2,

7; 1172:8, 10, 14; 1173:1;

1176:7, 21; 1194:17, 20;

1198:9; 1202:21

FOR [8] - 1027:7, 10; 1028:7,

9; 1050:18; 1114:20;

1165:4

forecast [5] - 1078:8, 16;

1084:7, 9; 1088:18

forecasts [2] - 1084:4;

1107:3

forests [1] - 1058:8

Forests [1] - 1057:2

forget [1] - 1204:11

forgive [1] - 1115:21

forgot [2] - 1037:2

forgotten [1] - 1029:6

form [3] - 1047:1; 1062:17;

1176:8

Form" [1] - 1079:20

Formations [1] - 1197:19

forms [3] - 1040:17; 1063:11;

1098:22

Fort [29] - 1020:24;

1022:11-13, 15; 1095:22;

1099:22; 1128:11;

1129:14; 1131:7, 10-11,

18, 20, 23; 1132:4;

1144:17; 1145:10;

1147:11, 14, 24; 1148:8,

12, 25; 1166:13; 1194:14

FORT [3] - 1020:2; 1026:6;

1068:17

forth [2] - 1188:21; 1205:8

forward [3] - 1054:21;

1127:1; 1140:1

fossil [1] - 1077:18

FOUND [4] - 1027:22;

1146:23, 25

foundation [3] - 1190:13, 16,

19

four [2] - 1143:6; 1172:19

fracture [7] - 1064:22, 25;

1065:2, 22; 1066:4, 10;

1067:12

fractures [2] - 1066:5;

1201:23

fragmentation [1] - 1039:15

frame [1] - 1083:8

FRASER [2] - 1026:6;

1068:17

Fraser's [1] - 1068:11

FRED [2] - 1026:6; 1068:16

free [2] - 1102:13; 1167:4

freshly [1] - 1171:5

Friday [1] - 1166:11

friend [1] - 1136:1

friends [1] - 1140:24

FROM [9] - 1026:7, 9;

1027:15; 1028:16, 19;

1068:18; 1119:7; 1175:19;

1188:5

front [11] - 1079:22; 1092:4;

1117:6; 1145:19; 1197:1,

5, 11, 13, 23; 1198:16;

1199:13

frontline [1] - 1136:18

frozen [1] - 1058:4

fuel [1] - 1083:25

fuels [1] - 1077:18

fully [3] - 1039:18; 1135:6;

1185:6

functional [1] - 1177:23

fundamentally [1] - 1196:1

funders [1] - 1076:10

funding [3] - 1074:18;

1075:17; 1076:12

funnelled [1] - 1166:21

furthermore [1] - 1099:10

future [20] - 1052:2; 1054:11;

1058:18; 1059:24; 1077:7,

12, 17; 1078:4; 1083:21;

1084:24; 1085:10;

1088:15; 1107:1; 1108:9;

1125:9; 1133:16, 21;

1148:22; 1161:16

FUTURE [2] - 1026:12;

1121:7

futures [2] - 1079:10;

1080:15

Futures [1] - 1079:18

G

gain [1] - 1190:21

gained [1] - 1059:14

game [1] - 1167:8

Gary [1] - 1021:10

gas [2] - 1085:12; 1087:4

gather [4] - 1054:8, 14, 16;

1077:8

gathered [3] - 1054:13, 17;



12

1202:22

gating [1] - 1105:17

geese [1] - 1073:13

GENERAL [2] - 1025:7;

1101:25

general [20] - 1042:17;

1105:14; 1107:17; 1109:9;

1110:10; 1121:19; 1122:2,

8, 21, 23; 1125:2; 1126:16;

1127:2; 1149:11; 1153:4,

9; 1155:2; 1183:4; 1198:6;

1200:8

General [2] - 1022:8, 23

generalization [1] - 1042:20

generally [6] - 1041:15;

1097:15; 1104:22; 1110:2;

1126:11; 1166:24

generate [1] - 1060:14

generated [2] - 1060:21;

1061:6

generic [1] - 1063:17

Gentlemen [1] - 1141:4

geo [5] - 1059:3, 11, 16;

1063:21; 1199:22

geo-hazard [4] - 1059:3, 11,

16; 1063:21

geo-mechanical [1] -

1199:22

geohazard [1] - 1059:21

geological [4] - 1197:9;

1198:14; 1200:4, 18

George [1] - 1079:20

geotechnical [2] - 1167:13;

1186:5

GETU [2] - 1024:10; 1032:1

gill [2] - 1160:14, 16

Gill [1] - 1023:15

GIS [1] - 1048:22

gist [1] - 1153:9

given [9] - 1030:12; 1031:8;

1058:10; 1075:21; 1084:7;

1114:10; 1152:9; 1185:8;

1203:23

Gladys [1] - 1021:15

globally [3] - 1077:5;

1081:12; 1099:11

GO [2] - 1027:16; 1124:20

goals [1] - 1081:18

GOING [2] - 1028:17;

1175:21

GOODJOHN [2] - 1024:7;

1031:20

Gorrie [4] - 1023:1, 5, 9

govern [1] - 1108:25

Governance [1] - 1105:15

GOVERNMENT [8] -

1020:12; 1026:10, 13, 16,

18; 1121:8; 1143:19, 23

government [2] - 1127:9;

1157:8

Government [3] - 1048:6;

1117:16; 1135:23

governments [3] - 1081:13;

1083:10; 1159:22

GOVERNOR [2] - 1028:8;

1165:5

Governor [2] - 1164:11;

1165:23

grabbed [1] - 1166:21

gradient [1] - 1043:6

graminoid [1] - 1177:23

great [7] - 1045:21; 1119:2;

1138:19; 1144:1; 1156:1;

1174:18; 1194:2

GREATER [2] - 1027:10;

1114:21

greater [5] - 1042:7; 1112:3;

1114:12; 1184:15; 1202:10

grebe [1] - 1072:13

gregarious [1] - 1040:23

grizzly [1] - 1040:11

ground [1] - 1045:24

grounded [1] - 1088:18

Group [2] - 1180:4, 6

group [2] - 1040:22; 1129:16

groups [8] - 1022:19;

1099:7; 1126:24; 1132:8,

12; 1136:20; 1144:11, 15

GROUPS [2] - 1024:23;

1068:8

grouting [1] - 1202:15

grouts [1] - 1201:23

grow [2] - 1057:13; 1058:12

guess [14] - 1055:4, 10, 23;

1076:24; 1100:10;

1132:17; 1139:2; 1154:18;

1156:8; 1171:15; 1190:3;

1196:15; 1197:24; 1198:17

guessing [1] - 1048:23

guidance [1] - 1182:4

Guide [4] - 1098:25; 1099:4;

1157:2; 1158:2

guide [1] - 1182:9

guideline [1] - 1160:9

Guideline [1] - 1177:4

Guidelines [1] - 1097:7

guides [1] - 1159:9

H

habitat [8] - 1038:12;

1039:13, 25; 1045:6;

1047:13; 1153:5; 1154:8

Habitat [2] - 1039:10; 1040:4

habitats [1] - 1040:19

HADD [3] - 1153:11; 1154:7,

20

half [2] - 1038:13

Halic [2] - 1197:19; 1198:11

hand [2] - 1049:14; 1151:21

handling [1] - 1195:22

handy [1] - 1174:18

hang [1] - 1049:11

happy [4] - 1124:18;

1136:24; 1137:13; 1166:20

hard [4] - 1029:23; 1102:21;

1133:13

hardly [1] - 1133:12

harm [1] - 1158:18

Harmful [1] - 1154:7

harvest [2] - 1155:21;

1158:14

harvesting [1] - 1155:19

hatched [1] - 1189:8

hated [1] - 1166:12

Hatfield [6] - 1070:3, 5, 21;

1071:6; 1076:15, 19

HAULED [2] - 1028:16;

1175:19

hauled [2] - 1170:7; 1173:20

HAVERS [2] - 1024:7;

1031:19

hazard [14] - 1033:10;

1059:3, 11, 16; 1063:6, 11,

14, 21; 1064:12, 14;

1201:3, 15; 1202:3, 8

hazards [1] - 1063:10

hazing [1] - 1033:25

heading [6] - 1105:14;

1106:19, 22; 1126:3, 12;

1147:10

health [4] - 1150:20;

1159:10, 12; 1161:9

healthy [1] - 1162:3

hear [6] - 1049:3; 1054:6;

1134:7; 1139:23; 1144:8;

1159:15

heard [3] - 1134:16; 1145:8;

1151:14

HEARING [4] - 1020:15;

1025:12; 1026:9

Hearing [2] - 1021:12;

1117:14

hearing [5] - 1140:20, 22;

1198:20; 1204:16

hearings [2] - 1089:21;

1139:11

heart [2] - 1171:15; 1172:1

heavy [1] - 1098:12

Heavy [1] - 1105:2

hectares [3] - 1163:23;

1178:22

height [4] - 1170:18;

1190:19; 1191:10

Held [1] - 1020:23

help [3] - 1088:2; 1181:8;

1198:15

helpful [3] - 1081:21;

1093:20; 1154:4

helping [1] - 1182:2

helps [1] - 1171:11

hereby [1] - 1205:5

herein [2] - 1137:5; 1205:8

hereunto [1] - 1205:13

herons [1] - 1156:2

hi [1] - 1089:17

high [4] - 1049:10; 1062:23;

1084:12; 1093:3

high-value [1] - 1093:3

higher [7] - 1075:4; 1157:16;

1158:15; 1201:2, 20;

1202:21

highest [1] - 1034:16

highlights [1] - 1039:7

highway [1] - 1043:4

Hills [1] - 1194:15

himself [1] - 1053:6

hire [1] - 1071:12

hired [9] - 1070:3, 6, 21,

23-24; 1071:7, 10; 1073:2

historically [1] - 1115:5

history [2] - 1067:9; 1127:12

hmm [11] - 1033:21; 1109:15;

1111:21; 1113:1; 1116:21,

25; 1117:22; 1119:14;

1123:9; 1125:20; 1130:6

hold [2] - 1101:6; 1204:6

holdings [1] - 1153:20

holdings" [1] - 1123:11

hole [1] - 1199:2

holistic [1] - 1096:12

home [2] - 1082:1, 25

homes [2] - 1090:25;

1092:25

hopefully [2] - 1089:14;

1201:12

hoping [2] - 1075:2; 1090:1

horizons [1] - 1199:6

horned [1] - 1072:13

hot [1] - 1066:9

hour [3] - 1072:5, 7; 1142:9

hours [1] - 1099:23

housekeeping [4] - 1029:5;

1031:14; 1102:2; 1117:2

HOW [2] - 1028:6; 1164:5

huddle [1] - 1055:13

huge [2] - 1043:5; 1060:24

human [6] - 1041:9, 14;

1043:23; 1107:4; 1156:3;

1157:13

human-caused [1] - 1043:23

humans [2] - 1155:23

hundred [1] - 1075:8

hundreds [2] - 1038:1;

1066:15

hunting [1] - 1041:16

hydrocarbon [1] - 1085:6

hypothetically [1] - 1176:1



13

I

i.e [1] - 1044:3

ice [3] - 1161:4; 1193:19;

1194:4

idea [3] - 1034:3; 1099:18;

1174:8

ideally [1] - 1182:20

identified [17] - 1043:25;

1054:4; 1063:5, 10, 19;

1064:12; 1071:19;

1087:10; 1122:17, 25;

1162:6; 1170:19; 1176:2;

1178:1, 13; 1191:2; 1192:5

identify [9] - 1073:14, 16-17;

1074:5, 7-8, 10; 1081:5;

1170:10

identifying [1] - 1104:6

IF [8] - 1027:11, 18-19;

1028:11; 1114:21;

1124:22, 24; 1165:9

II [2] - 1053:17

illustrate [1] - 1122:3

imagery [1] - 1043:25

images [1] - 1048:20

imagine [1] - 1138:15

immediately [1] - 1034:6

Impact [7] - 1091:12; 1102:4,

19, 23; 1103:1; 1147:8;

1148:19

impact [10] - 1045:16;

1057:19; 1058:6; 1096:10,

19; 1107:6; 1176:19;

1191:12; 1195:17; 1196:1

impacts [9] - 1039:4; 1051:5;

1095:11; 1150:6; 1180:12;

1192:19; 1200:14; 1203:8,

14

Imperial [3] - 1072:5; 1203:6,

17

implementing [4] - 1035:2,

6; 1129:17; 1189:15

implications [3] - 1077:24;

1083:20; 1088:6

implicitly [1] - 1052:24

important [9] - 1041:6;

1086:17; 1094:7; 1110:8;

1115:2; 1119:22; 1120:6;

1136:6; 1171:6

imposed [1] - 1161:17

improve [1] - 1127:1

IN [21] - 1020:1, 3, 5-6, 8-9;

1026:6; 1027:14; 1028:5,

8, 15-16; 1068:17; 1119:6;

1164:5; 1165:5; 1175:18,

20; 1205:13

in-pit [1] - 1191:16

in-situ [8] - 1052:12;

1053:23; 1055:5; 1064:3,

15, 21; 1065:3; 1201:19

inappropriate [1] - 1139:2

Inc [1] - 1023:14

incident [10] - 1033:1, 20;

1035:9; 1036:4, 17, 20-21,

25; 1037:2

incidents [5] - 1036:9, 14,

19, 23; 1037:3

inclined [2] - 1138:5;

1139:15

include [8] - 1051:13;

1055:5; 1090:9; 1092:24;

1094:14; 1149:5; 1183:6;

1185:1

included [11] - 1051:19, 22,

24; 1052:24; 1053:10;

1075:22; 1115:15;

1148:18, 25; 1179:4

includes [2] - 1132:13;

1163:12

including [5] - 1047:20;

1072:11; 1145:9; 1149:2;

1170:7

inclusion [1] - 1184:9

inconsistency [1] - 1180:18

inconsistent [1] - 1180:14

incorporate [1] - 1182:19

incorporated [1] - 1191:25

increase [5] - 1051:7, 10,

13-14; 1168:23

increased [2] - 1044:10;

1051:17

increases [1] - 1155:20

increasing [5] - 1050:24;

1051:2; 1084:10, 13

increasing" [1] - 1051:3

incremental [1] - 1195:23

increments [1] - 1172:20

incurred [1] - 1154:21

indeed [5] - 1108:14;

1133:22; 1136:13;

1148:17; 1166:23

independent [16] - 1061:18,

22; 1062:7, 9; 1074:1, 4,

19; 1075:17, 24; 1076:8;

1077:11, 15, 20; 1097:14;

1140:4, 9

independently [2] - 1097:14;

1098:1

INDEX [5] - 1024:1; 1025:1;

1026:1; 1027:1; 1028:1

Indian [3] - 1147:14, 24;

1148:9

indicated [10] - 1034:8;

1052:16; 1054:21; 1073:4;

1086:10; 1117:2; 1118:17;

1169:24; 1172:5, 8

indicates [8] - 1040:12;

1061:23; 1071:4; 1105:15;

1136:12; 1148:16; 1187:3,

9

indicating [1] - 1137:8

indication [1] - 1036:17

indicator [1] - 1094:10

indirect [2] - 1041:7

individual [5] - 1044:3;

1052:7; 1054:11; 1055:1;

1074:10

INDIVIDUALS [2] - 1024:22;

1068:8

individuals [5] - 1022:19;

1040:21; 1072:4, 6, 10

induced [1] - 1196:5

industries [1] - 1081:14

industry [10] - 1056:25;

1061:24; 1067:10, 15;

1082:4; 1083:7; 1084:20,

25; 1096:22; 1191:25

inflow [1] - 1029:21

influence [23] - 1037:24;

1038:1, 3, 6-7, 13, 16, 20,

24-25; 1039:3, 24;

1040:12; 1044:20, 23;

1045:9, 11; 1046:7, 9, 11,

22; 1082:2; 1122:4

inform [1] - 1110:19

INFORMATION [6] - 1027:8,

19-20; 1050:19; 1124:25

information [25] - 1031:10;

1049:22; 1050:11; 1052:9;

1054:16; 1062:19; 1077:3,

9, 16; 1078:2, 11; 1100:9,

12; 1101:3; 1135:25;

1136:3; 1189:20; 1195:10;

1199:2; 1200:1; 1202:22

Information [12] - 1047:5;

1089:24; 1092:11; 1093:8,

12; 1116:2, 8; 1168:11, 17;

1183:11; 1184:19

informational [1] - 1076:25

infrastructure [2] - 1152:15;

1190:7

inhabit [1] - 1155:12

inherently [1] - 1155:5

inhibit [1] - 1064:9

inhibiting [1] - 1064:4

initial [7] - 1118:12; 1128:22;

1129:2, 24; 1130:2;

1149:23; 1178:22

initiated [1] - 1160:11

initiative [1] - 1127:3

Initiative [1] - 1057:1

initiatives [2] - 1195:4, 8

inject [2] - 1066:9

input [2] - 1087:25; 1105:11

INQUIRY [2] - 1027:11;

1114:21

inquiry [1] - 1114:13

installed [1] - 1035:4

instance [4] - 1083:21, 25;

1085:22; 1087:3

instead [1] - 1188:21

instructs [1] - 1083:13

insurance [1] - 1097:25

intact [1] - 1064:2

integral [2] - 1079:9; 1080:15

Integrated [4] - 1086:15;

1103:11, 17; 1123:4

integrating [1] - 1179:25

integrity [2] - 1100:20;

1196:17

intend [1] - 1130:11

intended [6] - 1080:24;

1129:20; 1130:23; 1141:19

intending [1] - 1142:2

intends [1] - 1059:15

intensive [5] - 1155:18;

1160:4, 10, 12

intent [2] - 1073:8; 1074:9

intention [1] - 1169:18

intentions [1] - 1187:11

inter [5] - 1072:24; 1074:14,

25; 1075:1; 1076:8

inter-lake [1] - 1075:1

inter-observer [2] - 1072:24;

1074:14

inter-site [1] - 1074:25

inter-variant [1] - 1076:8

interaction [3] - 1192:6, 8;

1196:20

interconnections [1] -

1203:5

interest [6] - 1091:1; 1093:1,

18; 1094:8; 1100:16;

1101:4

interested [7] - 1163:10;

1185:9; 1188:24; 1189:7,

24; 1190:12; 1198:13

interesting [1] - 1083:17

interests [5] - 1130:2;

1131:1; 1132:8; 1145:5

intermediate [1] - 1201:18

internal [4] - 1036:8; 1077:9,

13; 1088:9

international [2] - 1105:9;

1108:22

International [1] - 1179:25

internationally [1] - 1085:25

internet [1] - 1066:14

interpret [3] - 1062:17;

1200:4, 10

interpretation [6] - 1137:10;

1197:10; 1198:14, 16;

1199:8; 1200:8

interpreted [3] - 1061:4;

1197:2, 20

interpreting [1] - 1197:22

interrupted [1] - 1029:15

INTERVENERS [1] - 1022:5

introduce [1] - 1152:19



14

introduces [1] - 1152:14

inundate [1] - 1155:8

inundation [1] - 1098:21

investigated [2] - 1176:7;

1195:7

investigation [2] - 1192:23;

1193:6

investigations [1] - 1193:14

investigative [3] - 1060:13,

20; 1061:8

investment [29] - 1083:22;

1085:16; 1104:21, 25;

1106:2, 7, 25; 1107:16;

1108:8, 11, 20; 1110:19,

23; 1111:5, 7, 17; 1119:25;

1120:3, 10; 1121:21;

1122:7, 10; 1125:11;

1133:20; 1148:6; 1152:15,

22

investments [1] - 1122:15

involve [3] - 1064:14;

1191:17; 1202:21

involved [4] - 1062:9;

1074:2; 1128:9; 1180:7

involving [1] - 1036:14

iPMS [5] - 1103:12, 14-15;

1105:17, 25

IS [4] - 1028:8, 15; 1165:5;

1175:19

Island [1] - 1020:23

issuance [2] - 1115:8;

1116:17

issue [5] - 1066:3; 1141:25;

1156:13; 1200:20; 1203:23

issued [3] - 1092:11;

1111:23; 1115:6

issues [2] - 1081:11; 1183:15

IT [2] - 1027:11; 1114:22

item [2] - 1029:6

itemization [1] - 1094:16

itemize [1] - 1093:14

items [2] - 1042:1; 1174:16

ITS [2] - 1027:15; 1119:7

itself [4] - 1048:2; 1079:8;

1080:13; 1193:2

J

Jackpine [73] - 1029:22;

1034:11, 13, 24; 1056:19;

1059:13, 23; 1075:15;

1076:23; 1083:24; 1085:7,

16; 1086:9, 12-13;

1088:10, 21, 23; 1089:23;

1090:3; 1105:24; 1108:16;

1110:5; 1111:25; 1116:1;

1117:5; 1120:11; 1121:22;

1123:18; 1126:17;

1127:24; 1128:3, 14, 16,

23-24; 1129:2, 6, 24;

1130:4; 1144:12; 1145:3;

1147:18, 23; 1148:4, 11,

21; 1149:14; 1152:11;

1154:11; 1160:24; 1162:3,

18, 24; 1163:4; 1167:20;

1176:6, 17; 1177:14;

1178:24; 1183:17;

1187:19; 1194:15; 1197:4,

16; 1200:1; 1201:8

JACKPINE [1] - 1020:1

Jalkotzy [5] - 1031:8; 1033:4;

1037:13; 1050:23; 1057:21

JALKOTZY [5] - 1024:10;

1027:7; 1031:25; 1037:15;

1050:18

jam [1] - 1194:4

Jamault [1] - 1021:8

James [1] - 1022:9

jams [1] - 1193:19

JASON [2] - 1024:8; 1031:21

Jean [1] - 1021:20

Jean-Pierre [1] - 1021:20

Jeerakathil [1] - 1022:13

JEFF [2] - 1024:18; 1032:17

Jefferson [5] - 1125:23;

1126:21; 1128:6; 1136:2;

1144:21

JEFFERSON [5] - 1024:16;

1032:12; 1128:8; 1144:22;

1146:5

Jenny [1] - 1022:7

JERRY [2] - 1024:11; 1032:2

Jill [1] - 1021:7

Jim [1] - 1021:3

JME [1] - 1059:17

JOAO [2] - 1024:11; 1032:3

job [3] - 1151:25; 1152:7;

1159:2

John [1] - 1022:15

JOHN [2] - 1024:18; 1032:16

Johnston [2] - 1022:15;

1023:8

joined [2] - 1129:5, 10

joint [11] - 1107:19, 22,

24-25; 1108:4, 10, 14;

1125:10; 1148:6

Joint [10] - 1021:7; 1047:4;

1090:9; 1092:10; 1112:13;

1128:13; 1130:12;

1134:14; 1136:15; 1170:10

JOINT [3] - 1020:1; 1021:2

JPME [6] - 1026:9; 1063:20,

22; 1070:13; 1117:14;

1201:11

JRP [1] - 1030:25

judgment [2] - 1111:15;

1120:19

June [1] - 1129:5

jurisdiction [2] - 1161:18

Justice [1] - 1022:23

K

Karin [2] - 1022:11; 1023:1

karst [4] - 1033:10; 1059:2,

12; 1200:5

KASEY [2] - 1024:12; 1032:4

Kasey [1] - 1160:2

Katherine [1] - 1023:3

Kearl [2] - 1049:15; 1203:18

keep [7] - 1050:25; 1051:3;

1071:17; 1092:7; 1158:5,

11; 1204:8

keeper [1] - 1136:2

Keith [1] - 1023:5

Kellie [1] - 1023:8

key [4] - 1071:19; 1074:13;

1094:10; 1154:18

killer [1] - 1096:22

kilometres [1] - 1149:12

kind [10] - 1042:16; 1055:4;

1067:22; 1077:24; 1086:1;

1093:8; 1096:10; 1111:11;

1137:19; 1202:14

kindly [1] - 1116:16

kinds [9] - 1043:2; 1046:20,

23; 1074:2, 18; 1138:7, 9,

12; 1139:9

Kirk [1] - 1022:8

km [1] - 1044:5

knowledge [7] - 1052:2;

1059:14; 1113:20;

1118:18; 1124:1; 1146:12;

1191:7

known [2] - 1111:24; 1153:2

Kolenick [1] - 1022:3

Komers [1] - 1053:5

Komers' [1] - 1053:25

KOPPE [2] - 1024:9; 1031:23

Kovach [4] - 1115:17;

1116:16; 1154:2; 1180:20

KOVACH [6] - 1024:17;

1032:14; 1090:16;

1115:18; 1154:6; 1179:5

Krista [1] - 1021:16

KUPPER [2] - 1024:11;

1032:3

L

LaCasse [1] - 1021:11

Ladha [1] - 1023:7

Ladies [1] - 1141:4

laid [1] - 1160:13

lake [28] - 1067:16, 22;

1075:1; 1152:23; 1153:2,

9, 16, 18, 23; 1154:2, 13,

17, 19; 1155:4, 12;

1156:15; 1157:3, 17, 19;

1158:2, 8, 16; 1160:5, 22,

24; 1161:3, 13; 1162:2

Lake [3] - 1049:15; 1053:18;

1153:2

lakes [7] - 1029:21; 1066:23;

1067:4, 16; 1073:11;

1162:2; 1177:19

LAMBRECHT [39] - 1025:7;

1026:11, 14, 16, 18;

1027:18; 1101:12, 23;

1102:1; 1114:7, 12;

1117:8, 19; 1119:9;

1121:3, 9, 12; 1123:13, 16;

1124:18, 23; 1125:2;

1133:12; 1134:11, 21;

1136:11; 1137:13;

1140:17; 1142:7, 19;

1143:20, 24; 1144:2;

1146:19; 1147:2; 1163:22;

1164:2, 8; 1165:13

Lambrecht [17] - 1022:8;

1101:10, 22; 1114:11;

1117:17; 1124:16;

1134:24; 1136:10;

1137:22; 1138:3; 1140:13;

1141:19, 23; 1142:12;

1143:2; 1165:15

Lambrecht's [1] - 1141:16

land [8] - 1039:18; 1073:13,

15; 1146:12; 1147:22;

1168:14, 25; 1169:19

Land [1] - 1124:7

landed [1] - 1071:16

landfills [1] - 1194:23

landform [1] - 1185:1

landforms [6] - 1061:3;

1178:6; 1182:13; 1184:2;

1185:11

landing [1] - 1075:9

landings [1] - 1073:9

Lands [1] - 1147:15

lands [2] - 1148:18, 20

Landsat [1] - 1043:25

landscape [14] - 1039:15;

1042:22; 1043:24;

1052:18; 1057:5; 1058:18;

1177:13; 1179:19;

1182:18; 1185:11, 13, 23;

1186:2

landscapes [2] - 1179:13;

1184:10

laptop [1] - 1092:3

large [10] - 1034:14; 1042:15;

1058:10; 1061:7; 1072:8;

1076:25; 1098:14;

1106:10; 1153:22; 1193:21

larger [5] - 1045:10; 1052:22;

1157:15; 1160:15, 21



15

larger-sized [1] - 1160:15

last [7] - 1034:9; 1066:17;

1098:8; 1140:3; 1149:25;

1192:10; 1203:3

late [1] - 1166:11

latest [1] - 1050:6

LATEST [2] - 1027:6;

1050:16

Laura [1] - 1070:25

law [3] - 1125:8; 1136:6;

1138:18

layer [4] - 1047:24; 1048:1,

11; 1064:6

layout [1] - 1176:16

leached [2] - 1197:7;

1199:23

lead [4] - 1079:8; 1080:13;

1091:20; 1196:4

Leader [1] - 1021:12

leader [1] - 1083:18

leaders [1] - 1083:1

Leadership [1] - 1056:25

leadership [3] - 1082:4;

1083:8; 1084:21

leading [2] - 1075:21; 1120:8

leads [2] - 1041:15; 1196:8

learn [1] - 1126:20

learns [1] - 1136:13

learnt [1] - 1201:10

Lease [2] - 1147:11; 1188:1

lease [22] - 1046:3; 1052:20;

1053:2; 1055:1; 1063:20;

1095:25; 1110:6; 1123:10,

23; 1148:2; 1153:20;

1163:9, 15; 1186:18, 22;

1187:25; 1189:16; 1190:5,

10; 1203:6

LEASE [2] - 1028:19; 1188:6

leasehold [1] - 1153:17

leaseholders [2] - 1203:9, 24

Leases [1] - 1177:6

leases [19] - 1052:10, 25;

1053:21, 24; 1055:5, 16;

1095:22; 1123:7, 17-18,

21; 1124:14; 1125:5, 7, 9,

15; 1148:25; 1149:5

LEASES [4] - 1027:18;

1124:22

least [3] - 1098:8; 1120:12;

1138:15

leave [7] - 1050:10; 1063:13;

1071:18; 1100:24; 1123:6;

1201:15, 19

leaves [1] - 1101:2

leaving [6] - 1064:14, 20;

1065:3; 1151:18; 1156:15;

1161:12

led [1] - 1140:6

left [3] - 1062:22; 1063:16;

1067:23

legal [3] - 1164:21

Legend [1] - 1053:18

legislation [1] - 1107:15

legitimate [1] - 1135:25

length [1] - 1181:24

Les [1] - 1021:4

less [5] - 1038:9; 1054:2;

1055:25; 1056:1; 1201:20

lesser [1] - 1072:13

letter [2] - 1130:17; 1131:14

letters [1] - 1036:15

level [16] - 1046:2; 1065:23;

1108:21, 25; 1109:2;

1122:3; 1158:15; 1159:16,

23; 1160:9, 18; 1161:6;

1185:19; 1193:23; 1196:15

levels [6] - 1099:24; 1157:10,

20, 22; 1158:18; 1161:20

licence [5] - 1116:15;

1118:12, 14; 1120:13;

1128:21

licences [2] - 1106:12;

1118:22

LICENCES [2] - 1027:14;

1119:5

lies [3] - 1137:5, 11; 1170:24

LIEUTENANT [2] - 1028:8;

1165:5

Lieutenant [2] - 1164:11;

1165:23

LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR-

IN-COUNCIL [2] - 1028:8;

1165:5

Lieutenant-Governor-in-

Council [2] - 1164:11;

1165:23

life [2] - 1111:13; 1168:16

lifetime [1] - 1110:15

light [1] - 1135:10

likelihood [2] - 1054:1;

1091:6

likely [5] - 1050:24; 1051:2,

6; 1063:23; 1202:13

likewise [2] - 1065:3; 1100:7

limit [1] - 1176:12

Limited [1] - 1116:8

limited [2] - 1092:24;

1191:11

LIMITED [3] - 1020:2;

1026:3; 1030:6

limiting [1] - 1192:6

LINDA [4] - 1024:7, 16;

1031:19; 1032:12

line [10] - 1042:8; 1056:20;

1058:1, 9; 1175:23;

1192:14; 1193:1; 1203:3

linear [19] - 1037:23;

1038:21, 24; 1039:4;

1042:18, 25; 1043:2;

1045:16; 1050:2, 24;

1051:6, 15, 19; 1055:17;

1056:6, 11, 20; 1057:4;

1182:23

Linear [1] - 1037:17

lined [3] - 1192:24; 1193:5;

1196:6

lines [12] - 1042:3; 1045:20;

1051:13; 1056:16, 19;

1057:12, 16; 1058:3, 10;

1182:23; 1190:8

Lingen [1] - 1021:17

lining [1] - 1193:7

Linkages [1] - 1096:3

liquified [1] - 1087:3

list [13] - 1049:3; 1053:14;

1068:24; 1069:22;

1094:13; 1110:6; 1112:25;

1113:22; 1117:4; 1120:1,

5; 1122:1, 13

listed [13] - 1037:21;

1046:16; 1060:19; 1061:9;

1092:17; 1095:10; 1096:1;

1100:1; 1109:18, 20;

1112:18; 1147:24; 1169:5

lists [1] - 1090:14

literature [2] - 1045:18;

1127:6

Literature [1] - 1037:19

littoral [7] - 1177:18, 25;

1179:2, 14; 1181:16, 24;

1182:6

local [7] - 1079:3; 1080:8;

1083:9; 1095:18; 1159:8;

1192:17

Local [6] - 1094:5; 1128:12;

1129:15; 1131:24; 1132:5;

1145:10

locate [1] - 1049:14

located [3] - 1079:4; 1080:9;

1112:8

location [4] - 1182:25;

1189:10; 1198:1; 1199:12

locations [2] - 1061:16;

1176:15

LOGS [2] - 1027:22; 1146:22

logs [2] - 1145:16, 20

Logs [2] - 1145:22; 1146:7

long-term [1] - 1066:7

look [44] - 1040:6, 10;

1041:24; 1045:3; 1049:11,

13; 1052:9, 14, 22; 1053:8;

1057:3; 1058:20; 1077:8,

20; 1087:20, 23-24;

1088:1; 1093:22; 1094:2;

1104:3-5, 10; 1110:3, 5;

1111:19; 1115:12, 21;

1120:1, 25; 1126:6;

1127:21; 1132:19;

1148:14; 1151:21, 25;

1154:14; 1156:24;

1164:23; 1179:25; 1180:9,

19; 1203:19

looked [6] - 1044:23;

1094:24; 1118:4, 15;

1121:24; 1150:23

looking [22] - 1042:2;

1047:12; 1051:20; 1052:4;

1054:2, 25; 1056:1;

1074:6, 25; 1077:11;

1084:8, 15; 1086:19;

1094:15; 1114:6; 1126:2;

1131:14; 1163:13;

1171:23; 1174:23;

1181:14; 1188:14

looks [2] - 1044:24; 1081:17

Loss [5] - 1153:4; 1154:23;

1155:4; 1156:21

loss [4] - 1091:20; 1153:7;

1193:25

losses [1] - 1179:10

lost [6] - 1039:14; 1040:1, 5,

9; 1082:20

love [1] - 1103:23

low [2] - 1046:25; 1157:20

lower [5] - 1085:9, 12, 20;

1149:20; 1158:18

lowest [2] - 1047:1; 1185:4

Ltd [4] - 1022:2; 1023:7;

1048:5

Lucille [1] - 1021:8

luck [1] - 1174:9

lunch [5] - 1114:1; 1142:2, 9,

14

LUNCHEON [1] - 1025:9

Luncheon [1] - 1142:21

lying [2] - 1197:2, 23

M

m'mm [11] - 1033:21;

1109:15; 1111:21; 1113:1;

1116:21, 25; 1117:22;

1119:14; 1123:9; 1125:20;

1130:6

m'mm-hmm [11] - 1033:21;

1109:15; 1111:21; 1113:1;

1116:21, 25; 1117:22;

1119:14; 1123:9; 1125:20;

1130:6

MacDonald [2] - 1020:23

Mackay [1] - 1053:18

Madam [1] - 1146:19

MADE [1] - 1026:9

magnitude [4] - 1091:14;

1096:3; 1099:18; 1110:13

Mahmood [1] - 1021:19

main [1] - 1111:11

maintain [1] - 1184:14

maintained [1] - 1196:17



16

maintenance [2] - 1097:17;

1098:2

major [16] - 1034:20; 1035:9;

1036:5, 21; 1079:3;

1080:8; 1091:1, 3; 1093:1,

5; 1094:8; 1099:11;

1106:8, 13; 1157:21

majority [1] - 1160:20

MAKE [4] - 1027:11;

1028:10; 1114:21; 1165:7

maker [1] - 1161:17

makers [2] - 1133:16, 22

Malcolm [3] - 1022:15;

1030:12; 1193:10

MALCOLM [2] - 1024:19;

1032:18

malfunction [2] - 1091:4;

1093:5

malfunctions [4] - 1090:8,

10; 1091:7; 1092:17

mallard) [1] - 1072:16

Mallon [1] - 1022:21

man [2] - 1166:13, 17

manage [9] - 1129:16;

1156:12; 1162:11; 1191:5;

1194:16; 1195:2, 4;

1201:14; 1203:20

managed [1] - 1195:22

management [8] - 1041:17;

1059:11, 16, 21; 1090:14;

1162:7; 1195:24

Management [6] - 1097:19;

1103:11, 17; 1105:14;

1123:5; 1180:3

manager [2] - 1070:25;

1080:20

Manager [3] - 1021:7;

1034:23

manager's [1] - 1081:20

managers [4] - 1079:1;

1080:2, 6; 1081:5

managing [6] - 1035:3, 7;

1064:18; 1122:14; 1162:2;

1195:9

manner [2] - 1144:4; 1183:19

map [7] - 1049:7; 1050:4;

1081:23; 1147:17;

1162:21; 1181:17; 1201:11

mapped [1] - 1044:7

mapping [1] - 1060:16

maps [3] - 1197:10; 1198:14;

1199:9

Marathon [1] - 1108:1

Marcus [1] - 1079:20

MARGERUM [2] - 1024:13;

1032:6

Mark [2] - 1171:24; 1189:12

mark [4] - 1117:9; 1143:1,

11; 1189:8

MARK [2] - 1024:12; 1032:5

marked [1] - 1102:9

market [9] - 1085:3-5;

1086:4, 8; 1087:16, 21, 25;

1088:19

markets [1] - 1088:15

marsh [4] - 1177:23;

1178:10; 1179:3; 1181:25

marshes [1] - 1179:13

MARTIN [2] - 1024:10;

1031:25

MARTINDALE [11] - 1024:17;

1027:9; 1032:15; 1033:21;

1034:2; 1070:7; 1113:21;

1114:19; 1160:23;

1167:24; 1185:14

Martindale [7] - 1033:19;

1034:22; 1069:19;

1114:10; 1169:12;

1171:11; 1186:4

Martineau [1] - 1021:19

massive [2] - 1091:17;

1096:9

Master's [1] - 1035:21

match [2] - 1174:2

matches [1] - 1175:7

MATERIAL [2] - 1028:15;

1175:18

material [34] - 1064:3, 15-16;

1065:25; 1066:1; 1076:25;

1167:2; 1170:2, 7, 11, 21,

24; 1171:3, 5, 9, 16, 22;

1172:2, 4, 12, 22; 1173:5,

19; 1175:25; 1176:3, 21;

1178:20; 1181:23; 1184:7;

1194:12, 18, 22; 1195:5, 9

materials [9] - 1064:21;

1065:1, 3; 1066:11;

1115:16; 1123:22;

1170:17; 1195:22

math [1] - 1152:18

matter [7] - 1062:15; 1075:9;

1136:5; 1137:18; 1138:16;

1147:4; 1155:8

MATTER [6] - 1020:1, 3, 5-6,

8

matters [4] - 1032:25;

1124:14; 1137:25; 1139:6

MATTERS [4] - 1024:22;

1027:17; 1068:7; 1124:22

max [1] - 1089:13

maximum [1] - 1170:18

MAY [2] - 1028:10; 1165:7

Mayes [3] - 1059:4; 1200:19;

1202:4

MAYES [4] - 1024:19;

1032:18; 1060:3; 1200:22

mayors [1] - 1084:2

MCKAY [1] - 1020:2

McKay [19] - 1022:11, 16;

1095:22; 1099:22;

1128:12; 1129:14;

1131:10, 23-24; 1132:4;

1144:17; 1147:11, 14, 24;

1148:9, 13, 25

McMurray [8] - 1020:24;

1022:13; 1131:7, 11, 18,

21; 1145:10; 1166:13

McMurray/Fort [1] - 1022:16

mean [10] - 1042:12, 25;

1043:6; 1047:23; 1053:5;

1058:11; 1076:10;

1131:10; 1156:4; 1168:25

meander [1] - 1058:10

meandering [2] - 1042:15;

1057:6

meaning [1] - 1068:12

meaningful [1] - 1169:7

means [3] - 1038:6, 12;

1147:3

meant [2] - 1131:11; 1185:19

measured [2] - 1043:18;

1163:1

measurements [1] - 1163:24

measures [8] - 1083:14;

1097:2; 1100:1; 1156:11;

1189:15; 1193:17;

1200:16; 1203:20

mechanical [1] - 1199:22

mechanism [1] - 1202:15

meet [2] - 1097:15; 1152:5

Meighan [1] - 1021:11

Melissa [4] - 1023:1, 5, 9

Member [2] - 1021:4

Members [1] - 1140:2

members [2] - 1096:11;

1166:22

memory [1] - 1039:6

mention [1] - 1158:24

mentioned [8] - 1057:5;

1067:11; 1074:22; 1179:7;

1187:5; 1191:3; 1195:20

mercury [7] - 1155:20;

1157:10, 13, 20, 22;

1158:18; 1160:7

merely [1] - 1137:18

message [1] - 1154:18

met [1] - 1115:11

method [2] - 1060:13;

1160:18

methods [3] - 1060:15;

1061:8; 1186:11

Methy [2] - 1066:22; 1067:5

methylmercury [8] -

1154:22; 1155:5, 9;

1156:12; 1158:20;

1161:10, 21; 1162:12

metre [1] - 1058:3

metres [17] - 1038:1;

1042:13; 1044:19, 25;

1045:8, 12; 1046:15,

18-19, 24; 1056:3;

1099:22; 1170:18;

1186:21; 1187:3, 5

Mexico [1] - 1087:4

MFT [2] - 1187:15

Michael [1] - 1021:18

MICHAEL [2] - 1024:13;

1032:6

microphone [2] - 1029:15;

1138:25

microtopography [1] -

1178:5

mid-1990s [1] - 1127:15

MIDDLETON [2] - 1024:14;

1032:9

MIGHT [2] - 1027:11;

1114:22

might [32] - 1072:19; 1081:6,

24; 1082:2; 1084:15, 20;

1099:19; 1100:21;

1102:13, 15; 1103:12;

1114:14; 1116:19; 1117:8;

1118:12, 15; 1120:24;

1125:23; 1126:1; 1134:14;

1136:5, 7, 20; 1138:5;

1154:3; 1156:18; 1176:16;

1188:12, 22; 1191:10;

1195:13; 1203:9

Mihiretu [1] - 1021:15

Mikisew [10] - 1022:21;

1128:11; 1129:13; 1130:8,

17, 22, 24; 1131:1;

1133:22; 1144:17

mildly [1] - 1052:6

million [3] - 1150:11;

1151:12

mind [4] - 1035:13; 1063:9;

1126:6; 1169:6

MINE [3] - 1020:1; 1028:5;

1164:5

mine [31] - 1066:13; 1067:17,

23; 1074:18; 1086:18;

1113:15; 1128:4, 22;

1150:21; 1151:3, 10;

1163:7-9, 14, 20; 1170:25;

1171:2, 7; 1172:7, 9, 11,

14; 1173:1; 1176:21;

1192:20; 1196:4; 1201:19,

25; 1202:9

Mine [80] - 1029:22; 1030:15;

1034:11, 24; 1059:23;

1075:15; 1076:24;

1083:24; 1085:7, 17;

1086:9, 12-13, 15;

1088:11, 22-23; 1089:23;

1105:24; 1108:16;

1111:25; 1116:1; 1117:5;

1120:11; 1121:22;

1123:18; 1126:18;

1127:24; 1128:3, 17,



17

23-24; 1129:2, 6, 24;

1130:4; 1144:12; 1145:3;

1147:19, 23; 1148:4, 11,

21; 1149:4, 14, 22; 1151:3;

1152:11; 1154:11, 15;

1160:24; 1162:19, 24;

1163:4; 1167:20; 1176:6,

18; 1177:14; 1178:24;

1183:17; 1187:19; 1191:5;

1192:2; 1194:6, 15;

1197:4, 16; 1200:1, 21, 23;

1201:7

mined [3] - 1067:18; 1171:4;

1198:9

mineral [1] - 1125:7

Mines [1] - 1059:13

mines [2] - 1059:15; 1153:24

minimal [3] - 1057:15;

1058:2; 1196:19

minimize [1] - 1170:1

minimized [1] - 1169:2

minimizes [1] - 1183:20

Mining [1] - 1097:18

mining [7] - 1067:10, 20;

1086:20; 1152:16;

1167:14; 1191:15; 1203:10

Minister [2] - 1022:23;

1138:6

minute [5] - 1046:10; 1056:9;

1089:9; 1115:21; 1128:15

minutes [4] - 1089:10, 13;

1101:16; 1204:4

mischief [3] - 1100:21;

1101:2

mistaken [1] - 1131:12

MITCHEL [2] - 1024:7;

1031:20

mitigating [2] - 1063:14;

1159:17

Mitigation [1] - 1156:21

mitigation [2] - 1157:14;

1159:4

mitigations [1] - 1159:23

mixed [1] - 1108:7

mixing [1] - 1170:1

model [1] - 1083:20

modelled [1] - 1099:21

moisture [1] - 1184:15

moment [15] - 1113:13;

1116:19; 1117:9; 1121:23;

1124:3; 1126:6; 1130:19;

1143:1; 1146:4; 1151:6;

1160:1; 1181:6; 1193:23;

1196:14

moments [3] - 1054:6;

1186:20; 1187:12

Monday [5] - 1031:11;

1204:6, 9, 11, 17

MONDAY [1] - 1025:13

MONG [2] - 1177:23;

1179:14

monitor [4] - 1098:6;

1161:12; 1190:20; 1191:3

monitoring [27] - 1035:7;

1036:9; 1037:5, 8-9;

1069:17; 1070:17; 1071:3,

18, 21; 1073:3, 7; 1074:19;

1075:13, 18, 23, 25;

1076:16; 1098:5; 1155:19;

1157:9; 1160:5; 1161:1, 5,

13; 1189:17

monitors [5] - 1074:1;

1075:24; 1076:8, 13, 15

months [1] - 1052:7

moose [1] - 1031:9

Morianos [1] - 1023:3

MORNING [1] - 1025:6

morning [17] - 1029:4, 10,

18, 20; 1031:11; 1032:22;

1035:1; 1036:1, 11;

1037:4, 14-15; 1069:12;

1094:15; 1143:3

Morning [1] - 1101:18

mortality [4] - 1040:24;

1041:7, 16

most [13] - 1036:21; 1037:24;

1050:6; 1063:23; 1083:3;

1111:12; 1118:25;

1157:21; 1160:15;

1166:12; 1175:12; 1197:6;

1202:23

MOST [2] - 1027:6; 1050:16

Mountain [1] - 1053:20

move [11] - 1037:13;

1049:19; 1058:25; 1060:4;

1092:6; 1105:18; 1127:1;

1152:23; 1158:17; 1171:8;

1186:5

moved [3] - 1169:9; 1171:9;

1172:10

movement [1] - 1149:23

moving [8] - 1054:21;

1061:12; 1063:24; 1065:6;

1087:18; 1092:8; 1104:25;

1157:18

MR [144] - 1024:4; 1025:7,

11; 1026:6, 11, 14, 16, 18;

1027:4, 7, 9, 13, 16, 18,

21; 1028:5, 14, 18;

1029:17; 1030:3, 10, 18;

1031:3, 5, 7; 1033:21;

1034:2; 1037:15; 1049:2,

19; 1050:13, 18; 1060:3;

1068:13, 16; 1069:5;

1070:7; 1077:5; 1079:13,

21; 1090:16; 1092:6;

1094:23; 1096:18;

1101:12, 23; 1102:1, 18;

1113:21; 1114:4, 7, 10, 12,

19; 1115:5, 18; 1116:18;

1117:8, 10, 19; 1119:1, 4,

9; 1121:3, 5, 9, 12;

1123:13, 16; 1124:12, 18,

20, 23; 1125:2; 1133:12;

1134:11, 21; 1135:18;

1136:11; 1137:13;

1139:23; 1140:17; 1142:7,

19, 25; 1143:12, 20, 24;

1144:1, 14; 1146:4, 18-19,

21; 1147:2, 9; 1154:6;

1160:2, 23; 1161:22;

1163:19, 22; 1164:2, 4, 8,

19; 1165:13, 16, 20;

1166:8, 23; 1167:24;

1171:24; 1174:6, 13-14,

17, 19; 1175:16; 1179:5;

1181:7; 1185:14; 1186:19;

1187:21, 23; 1188:2, 4, 8,

19, 23; 1189:12; 1191:13;

1192:16; 1194:8, 13;

1196:7; 1197:12; 1200:22;

1203:11; 1204:2

MRM [1] - 1195:9

MS [40] - 1024:20, 23-24;

1025:5; 1026:5; 1030:8;

1032:21; 1033:18; 1049:5,

24; 1050:22; 1068:2, 9-10,

21; 1069:12, 16; 1079:14;

1089:1, 3, 8, 13, 16-17;

1092:9; 1128:8; 1133:9;

1134:7, 22; 1135:7, 12;

1137:2, 5; 1138:13;

1139:5, 17; 1140:2;

1144:22; 1146:5

MUCH [2] - 1028:6; 1164:6

mulching [1] - 1058:11

multinational [1] - 1105:5

municipal [1] - 1099:6

Municipalities [1] - 1100:9

Municipality [1] - 1023:2

Murphy [1] - 1022:7

MURRAY [2] - 1024:13;

1032:7

Muskeg [23] - 1030:24;

1033:2; 1034:10, 13, 23;

1059:12; 1149:9, 13;

1150:24; 1151:3, 19;

1152:13; 1153:6, 14;

1175:6; 1191:5; 1192:2,

12; 1194:1; 1196:5;

1200:21, 23; 1201:7

mythologically [2] - 1079:2;

1080:7

MÉTIS [6] - 1024:22; 1026:7;

1068:7, 17

Métis [11] - 1022:12, 18;

1128:12; 1129:15;

1131:24; 1132:5, 14;

1144:12, 18; 1145:9

N

name [1] - 1205:14

NAMED [2] - 1024:23; 1068:8

named [2] - 1022:20;

1129:23

Nancy [3] - 1023:15; 1205:3,

19

narrow [1] - 1057:6

Nation [26] - 1022:7, 11, 14,

16, 18, 22; 1128:11;

1129:13; 1130:8; 1131:8,

10-11, 18, 21, 23; 1132:4,

14; 1144:11; 1145:7, 9-10;

1146:11

NATION [6] - 1024:20, 22;

1026:7; 1032:20; 1068:7,

18

national [1] - 1044:12

Nations [6] - 1099:6;

1100:10; 1129:20; 1133:7;

1144:17

native [2] - 1064:2, 20

Natural [1] - 1053:19

natural [8] - 1085:12; 1087:4;

1088:22; 1090:25;

1091:22; 1092:25;

1093:18; 1094:7

naturally [3] - 1057:13, 17,

23

nature [11] - 1061:2; 1063:4,

18; 1107:5, 19; 1108:16;

1109:2; 1134:23; 1150:5;

1198:6; 1203:18

near [2] - 1083:12; 1084:11

necessarily [8] - 1040:1;

1064:23; 1075:20;

1083:11; 1095:11; 1173:2;

1181:10; 1202:10

necessary [5] - 1083:14;

1105:23; 1140:18;

1151:11; 1160:19

need [28] - 1049:4; 1074:1;

1081:24; 1082:3; 1085:9;

1086:13; 1108:10, 15;

1110:23; 1113:10;

1115:21; 1124:6; 1127:19;

1129:4; 1149:6; 1151:20;

1154:25; 1162:9; 1164:21;

1167:3, 6; 1170:13;

1175:24; 1187:17; 1193:4,

12; 1199:19

needed [3] - 1111:2;

1188:12; 1195:14

needs [5] - 1058:5; 1088:5;

1106:12; 1154:19; 1176:4

Neighbour [1] - 1127:14

neighbour [2] - 1126:10;

1159:7



18

Neighbouring [1] - 1126:3

neighbours [5] - 1126:24;

1127:14, 20; 1150:3, 13

Net [5] - 1153:4; 1154:23;

1155:4; 1156:21

nets [1] - 1160:14

nettings [1] - 1160:17

never [2] - 1053:2; 1111:4

new [4] - 1051:19; 1122:15;

1125:19; 1172:22

next [20] - 1034:7; 1041:11;

1049:6, 25; 1068:22;

1074:23; 1078:24; 1080:3;

1084:13; 1096:2; 1100:24;

1101:8; 1117:11; 1168:1;

1169:21; 1174:10, 12;

1176:23; 1181:21

nice [1] - 1158:6

Nielsen [3] - 1023:15;

1205:3, 19

nine [1] - 1089:9

NO [11] - 1020:4; 1024:2;

1025:3; 1026:2; 1027:2, 4;

1028:3, 13; 1031:5; 1166:3

No.174C [1] - 1148:9

noise [1] - 1167:16

non [1] - 1182:23

Non [1] - 1022:15

non-linear [1] - 1182:23

Non-Status [1] - 1022:15

none [1] - 1088:21

normal [2] - 1076:17; 1129:9

North [1] - 1087:2

north [4] - 1049:15; 1150:21;

1151:3; 1196:4

northeast [1] - 1176:11

northern [1] - 1188:25

NOT [2] - 1027:18; 1124:23

note [2] - 1109:12; 1183:8

notes [1] - 1147:3

nothing [3] - 1149:1; 1169:5;

1193:21

notice [1] - 1126:1

noticed [1] - 1116:22

notwithstanding [1] -

1133:24

November [2] - 1029:8;

1204:18

NOVEMBER [5] - 1020:16;

1025:13; 1026:4; 1029:1;

1030:8

nowadays [1] - 1042:3

nuclear [1] - 1077:18

number [29] - 1030:2;

1034:14; 1046:7; 1047:20;

1052:25; 1053:7, 11;

1055:7; 1056:13; 1058:20;

1060:10, 19; 1061:24;

1068:11; 1072:10;

1077:14; 1084:13;

1106:20; 1112:19; 1116:5;

1117:10; 1121:1, 4;

1138:1; 1143:13; 1150:2;

1154:16; 1201:22

numbering [2] - 1118:7, 19

NUMBERS [4] - 1027:21, 23;

1146:22, 24

numbers [8] - 1036:15;

1053:5; 1074:9; 1146:1, 7,

16; 1173:25; 1174:7

O

O'Callaghan [1] - 1022:22

o'clock [1] - 1166:13

object [5] - 1133:10;

1135:14; 1140:10; 1161:16

objection [4] - 1134:22;

1135:10, 12, 18

objectionable [1] - 1144:5

objections [3] - 1134:20;

1151:14; 1152:6

objective [1] - 1151:25

obligation [1] - 1153:14

observation [4] - 1071:8;

1075:17; 1135:19; 1136:9

observations [5] - 1070:5;

1071:6, 9; 1074:3; 1075:6

observe [1] - 1135:24

observer [2] - 1072:24;

1074:14

observers [3] - 1072:3, 19;

1074:19

observing [1] - 1098:4

obtain [4] - 1062:3; 1102:14;

1120:23

obtained [3] - 1048:5;

1062:15; 1110:15

obtaining [5] - 1105:23;

1106:1, 5; 1125:9, 12

obviously [2] - 1079:22;

1202:20

occupied [1] - 1040:20

occur [9] - 1039:16; 1052:17;

1055:18; 1056:5; 1095:1;

1097:2; 1098:21; 1099:16,

23

occurred [2] - 1043:20;

1072:9

occurrence [1] - 1091:6

occurring [2] - 1168:15;

1192:25

occurs [1] - 1195:2

Oceans [2] - 1120:21;

1156:10

OCR [1] - 1023:15

OCTOBER [2] - 1026:7;

1068:19

October [3] - 1130:18, 20;

1131:15

OF [46] - 1020:1, 3, 5-6, 8-9,

12; 1024:1, 22; 1025:1, 7;

1026:1, 6, 10, 13, 16, 18;

1027:1, 12, 15, 20, 23;

1028:1, 6, 8-9, 19; 1068:7,

16; 1101:25; 1114:23;

1119:6; 1121:8; 1124:25;

1143:19, 23; 1146:24;

1164:5; 1165:4, 7; 1188:5

off-lease [1] - 1190:10

offered [1] - 1117:1

offering [1] - 1078:13

office [1] - 1070:25

Officer [1] - 1109:3

Official [2] - 1205:3, 20

offset [1] - 1153:8

often [1] - 1042:5

OIL [3] - 1020:8; 1028:10;

1165:7

Oil [10] - 1023:1; 1056:25;

1083:5; 1105:2; 1107:22;

1108:6; 1110:3; 1127:12;

1164:13; 1177:5

oil [9] - 1056:14; 1067:9;

1083:21; 1084:2; 1111:3;

1123:10; 1127:23;

1153:24; 1201:19

oilsands [1] - 1061:14

ON [9] - 1025:13; 1026:4, 7;

1027:8; 1028:12; 1030:7;

1050:20; 1068:18; 1165:10

on-the-spot [2] - 1079:5;

1080:10

once [6] - 1034:15; 1041:13;

1042:4; 1171:9; 1196:7, 14

one [76] - 1029:6; 1033:1;

1035:4; 1036:4; 1041:24;

1044:21; 1045:1, 22;

1046:10; 1056:9;

1057:9-11; 1058:6; 1059:8;

1060:9; 1063:23; 1070:4,

21; 1073:2; 1074:13;

1078:2, 7, 18; 1079:17;

1081:10; 1082:2; 1084:5;

1096:13; 1097:23;

1098:16; 1099:10;

1100:10, 20; 1102:23;

1103:6; 1105:24; 1106:12;

1109:2; 1110:9; 1112:17;

1113:10; 1117:23;

1118:14, 16; 1120:4, 18;

1133:18; 1135:25; 1137:2;

1138:15; 1139:5, 17;

1140:3, 7; 1148:1; 1151:6,

21; 1155:15; 1156:6;

1160:1; 1161:23; 1162:16,

25; 1175:8, 14; 1176:14;

1181:4, 6; 1185:14, 16;

1195:6; 1201:15

one-pass [2] - 1057:9

onerous [2] - 1065:2, 4

ones [3] - 1100:5; 1113:22;

1143:11

ongoing [1] - 1179:21

Onovwiona [1] - 1021:15

open [3] - 1101:2; 1150:21;

1177:19

OPENING [1] - 1026:9

Opening [5] - 1086:11;

1116:20; 1117:15; 1118:7,

20

opening [1] - 1103:4

operate [2] - 1110:13; 1190:7

operates [1] - 1107:21

operating [9] - 1076:2;

1105:10; 1107:2, 24;

1112:18; 1122:18; 1123:1;

1128:4; 1143:7

operation [4] - 1097:17;

1098:2; 1149:22; 1191:12

operations [7] - 1127:23;

1195:3, 9, 23; 1196:4;

1200:14; 1203:10

operator [1] - 1108:2

operators [4] - 1072:2, 9;

1073:20; 1096:24

opinion [12] - 1067:24;

1078:13; 1113:15;

1129:21; 1130:25; 1131:5;

1132:6, 10; 1135:2

opinions [1] - 1141:21

opportunity [10] - 1033:4;

1104:4, 6; 1134:17;

1137:16, 22; 1138:8;

1139:12; 1150:18; 1152:20

Opportunity [2] - 1103:23;

1147:12

opposition [1] - 1130:11

optimized [1] - 1086:16

optimum [1] - 1066:6

option [9] - 1063:15; 1139:6,

18; 1150:19, 22; 1151:9;

1201:15; 1202:7

options [8] - 1064:9;

1104:11; 1195:6; 1201:14,

21; 1202:5, 24

OR [6] - 1024:5; 1027:12, 14;

1031:17; 1114:22; 1119:5

order [6] - 1022:5; 1142:10;

1161:19; 1163:24;

1167:13; 1196:16

orderly [1] - 1151:21

ore [2] - 1176:9; 1191:18

organic [1] - 1155:8

original [10] - 1030:18;

1084:8; 1113:12; 1128:16;

1129:6; 1148:23; 1149:17;

1152:1; 1154:13; 1194:7

ornithologist [1] - 1071:1



19

ornithologists [1] - 1071:12

ORP [1] - 1103:23

OSEC [2] - 1026:5; 1030:8

OSLI [2] - 1056:25; 1083:6

Osume [1] - 1023:11

Osuoka [1] - 1023:11

otherwise [1] - 1029:12

otters [1] - 1156:2

ourselves [2] - 1162:10;

1203:18

OUT [2] - 1027:11; 1114:22

outcome [1] - 1084:23

outlets [1] - 1179:15

outline [1] - 1136:19

outlined [2] - 1132:7;

1168:22

outlines [1] - 1168:19

outside [3] - 1170:25;

1172:7; 1176:11

outstanding [13] - 1134:15;

1136:19; 1137:7, 10;

1144:19, 24; 1145:6, 8, 11,

13, 15; 1146:8, 17

OUTSTANDING [2] -

1027:23; 1146:25

over-life [1] - 1111:13

overall [3] - 1122:14;

1129:17

overburden [9] - 1176:10;

1183:5; 1184:12; 1185:3;

1194:10, 12, 24; 1195:1;

1201:18

overcompensated [2] -

1052:25; 1053:10

overflows [1] - 1193:18

overhead [1] - 1075:8

overs [1] - 1073:9

oversized [1] - 1193:24

overtopping [1] - 1193:25

Overview [2] - 1106:16;

1109:5

overview [1] - 1147:18

overwhelming [1] - 1038:19

owl [1] - 1047:13

own [5] - 1071:10; 1074:19;

1077:9, 13; 1100:16

owned [1] - 1105:4

owner [1] - 1111:14

owners [2] - 1108:15; 1111:6

owners' [1] - 1120:2

P

P.M [3] - 1025:10, 12

p.m [6] - 1142:18, 22;

1166:6; 1204:8, 16

Pacific [1] - 1053:17

package [1] - 1168:18

PAGE [5] - 1024:2; 1025:2;

1026:2; 1027:2; 1028:3

page [48] - 1043:13; 1047:6;

1070:9; 1071:20; 1077:1;

1088:12; 1091:25; 1092:2;

1093:21, 24; 1095:14;

1096:2; 1105:13; 1106:17;

1109:4, 20; 1111:20;

1112:9, 25; 1113:25;

1115:12; 1116:4; 1123:8;

1125:22; 1126:3; 1147:3,

5, 10, 18; 1148:15;

1156:23, 25; 1162:17;

1168:13; 1171:22;

1174:20, 22, 24; 1178:19;

1181:16; 1191:21; 1192:4;

1196:24; 1198:4

PAGES [1] - 1020:18

pages [4] - 1069:24;

1121:15, 18; 1175:2

paint [1] - 1135:9

pamphlet [3] - 1076:22;

1088:8, 13

panel [11] - 1033:14; 1062:6;

1089:19; 1096:15;

1113:19; 1135:19;

1137:17; 1166:18, 22, 24;

1174:9

PANEL [10] - 1020:1; 1021:2,

14; 1024:5; 1027:15;

1028:9; 1031:16; 1119:7;

1165:7

Panel [53] - 1021:3, 7;

1032:23; 1036:11; 1047:5;

1090:9; 1092:11; 1094:18;

1102:6; 1112:14; 1115:3;

1118:24; 1123:13;

1128:13; 1130:13;

1133:11, 15, 21, 23;

1134:14; 1136:4, 6, 14, 16,

20; 1137:25; 1138:3, 8, 18;

1139:12, 15; 1140:2;

1141:2, 13-14, 18;

1145:19, 22, 25; 1146:13;

1159:21; 1164:13;

1166:14; 1170:10;

1176:22; 1185:9; 1188:9;

1196:22; 1203:3

Panel's [4] - 1115:9;

1116:17; 1135:15

panels [1] - 1097:15

paper [4] - 1033:5; 1042:18;

1049:23; 1101:14

paragraph [1] - 1148:1

parameter [1] - 1188:10

pardon [2] - 1089:6; 1198:23

parent [3] - 1108:22; 1122:5

Park [1] - 1020:23

part [34] - 1075:19; 1076:6;

1078:24; 1080:3; 1084:25;

1085:19; 1087:5; 1089:20;

1100:13; 1122:15;

1127:17; 1129:6; 1145:24;

1148:11; 1149:2, 21;

1161:10; 1167:2; 1171:20;

1173:12; 1174:20;

1179:18; 1185:1, 11;

1187:19; 1189:2; 1192:22;

1193:5; 1194:18; 1195:2,

23; 1198:17

partially [1] - 1185:23

participants [1] - 1061:24

participate [1] - 1130:12

participating [1] - 1179:23

participation [1] - 1022:25

particular [16] - 1040:8;

1041:24; 1042:24;

1046:25; 1047:2; 1064:19;

1066:15; 1070:13;

1072:11; 1096:12; 1110:9,

21; 1140:7; 1150:3;

1155:4; 1203:2

particularly [7] - 1052:12;

1057:4; 1065:2, 4;

1072:14; 1085:13; 1108:19

parties [6] - 1033:12; 1062:9;

1136:18; 1137:14;

1138:21; 1141:13

partner [1] - 1107:24

partners [5] - 1107:23;

1108:1, 10; 1125:11;

1148:7

parts [2] - 1121:14; 1163:15

pass [3] - 1057:9; 1058:6

passage [6] - 1064:17;

1065:22; 1067:14, 21;

1201:4

passages [3] - 1066:13;

1121:1, 14

passageways [2] - 1067:19;

1201:23

past [3] - 1043:20; 1058:6;

1139:11

path [2] - 1095:1; 1149:7

patience [4] - 1115:25;

1116:6; 1124:4; 1155:17

Paul [2] - 1021:14; 1022:17

pay [2] - 1076:14

paying [1] - 1076:7

PCA [1] - 1203:13

PDF [10] - 1043:13; 1047:6;

1069:25; 1093:25;

1095:15; 1171:21;

1174:20; 1175:1; 1178:20;

1198:4

peak [2] - 1034:16; 1099:21

peatland [1] - 1179:23

people [14] - 1062:7;

1071:10, 13, 15; 1073:5,

17; 1076:5; 1080:25;

1081:17; 1158:3, 5;

1159:10, 13; 1202:10

per [3] - 1036:17; 1072:4, 6

percent [6] - 1053:7; 1054:1;

1055:25; 1056:2; 1152:18;

1168:14

performance [2] - 1127:5;

1195:19

perhaps [10] - 1074:1;

1075:5; 1104:1; 1114:5;

1117:25; 1124:17;

1131:12; 1187:22; 1188:19

perimeter [1] - 1190:9

PERKINS [15] - 1025:11;

1030:3; 1068:13; 1117:10;

1121:5; 1143:13; 1166:8;

1174:14, 19; 1187:23;

1188:2, 8, 23; 1204:2

Perkins [8] - 1021:10;

1117:8; 1121:3; 1166:5;

1174:6, 18; 1180:17;

1181:7

permanent [2] - 1169:10;

1184:25

permits [2] - 1105:23;

1106:11

permitting [2] - 1123:5;

1133:17

persistent [1] - 1091:18

person [4] - 1037:7; 1074:7,

11; 1188:20

personal [1] - 1036:1

personally [1] - 1140:9

perspective [6] - 1057:12;

1077:6, 17; 1078:12;

1180:9; 1191:14

perspectives [1] - 1140:18

PETER [2] - 1024:15;

1032:11

Ph.D [1] - 1070:25

Phase [4] - 1053:18; 1176:7;

1187:19

phase [6] - 1104:9, 15, 18;

1105:18, 22

phased [1] - 1168:6

Phases [1] - 1053:17

phases [2] - 1103:19, 25

philosophy [1] - 1105:18

physical [2] - 1161:12;

1183:4

pick [1] - 1083:17

picking [1] - 1071:14

picture [3] - 1052:23; 1077:8;

1083:22

piece [1] - 1184:18

pieces [2] - 1124:17

PIECES [4] - 1027:19;

1124:24

Pierre [5] - 1021:20; 1070:13;

1085:23; 1154:11, 15

piles [2] - 1171:8



20

pipe [3] - 1149:19; 1150:5

pipeline [1] - 1192:12

pit [17] - 1029:21; 1066:23;

1067:4, 16; 1151:10;

1163:7; 1176:12; 1177:19;

1191:16; 1192:5, 8, 18;

1194:1; 1196:8, 17; 1200:3

place [22] - 1035:17;

1044:25; 1062:23;

1064:15, 21; 1065:3;

1076:5; 1081:18; 1097:2;

1106:8; 1149:1; 1151:19;

1162:5, 10; 1170:24;

1172:12; 1194:23;

1200:19; 1201:22;

1203:20; 1205:8

placed [4] - 1064:3; 1065:25;

1172:4, 9

placement [3] - 1171:3, 12;

1172:23

places [1] - 1101:20

placing [1] - 1065:1

PLAMONDON [2] - 1024:8;

1031:21

plan [17] - 1075:13; 1149:23;

1151:15; 1167:8; 1170:17;

1175:7, 11-13; 1177:25;

1178:11; 1185:15;

1188:13; 1190:25; 1191:9;

1193:1; 1194:19

Plan [13] - 1030:16; 1044:16;

1086:15; 1099:4; 1103:7;

1149:5; 1153:4; 1154:24;

1155:4; 1156:21; 1167:21;

1194:6

Planned [13] - 1049:13;

1051:4, 8, 11, 18, 22;

1052:10, 12, 15; 1053:15;

1054:4, 20; 1055:19

planned [1] - 1170:11

Planning [1] - 1149:22

planning [11] - 1079:10;

1080:1, 16, 24; 1081:4;

1089:7; 1179:12; 1184:23;

1187:9; 1194:23; 1195:13

Plans [4] - 1098:23; 1099:3;

1100:8

plans [8] - 1030:21; 1074:17;

1075:15; 1107:5; 1162:5;

1188:9; 1191:6, 15

plausible [1] - 1081:6

play [6] - 1079:8; 1080:1,

13-14; 1081:3

playing [1] - 1083:2

pleased [2] - 1150:14, 22

Pleistocene [4] - 1203:5, 8,

14, 19

plenty [1] - 1193:14

poaching [1] - 1041:17

point [39] - 1038:11;

1053:11; 1057:15;

1065:22; 1066:2; 1067:13;

1070:4, 21; 1081:1, 4, 20;

1082:6, 16; 1093:21;

1095:13; 1096:17;

1102:10; 1104:17; 1108:9;

1110:25; 1113:18; 1115:1;

1116:1; 1120:4; 1123:6;

1124:9; 1125:3; 1126:19;

1127:2; 1134:18; 1137:2,

24; 1142:11; 1162:8, 12;

1166:17; 1169:1; 1201:8

pointed [1] - 1156:20

points [3] - 1078:7; 1122:24;

1185:24

Policies [1] - 1127:14

policies [1] - 1081:12

policy [6] - 1079:6; 1080:11;

1081:18; 1082:6, 15;

1127:9

polymer [1] - 1066:11

polymer-type [1] - 1066:11

pond [8] - 1033:2, 23;

1034:8; 1036:22; 1066:1;

1071:16; 1073:13, 16

ponding [1] - 1183:21

ponds [5] - 1036:10, 14;

1073:10; 1098:9

Poplar [1] - 1053:20

population [3] - 1031:9;

1043:10; 1044:11

portfolio [2] - 1085:20;

1122:15

portions [2] - 1189:18;

1193:3

posing [1] - 1140:13

POSITION [2] - 1028:11;

1165:10

position [14] - 1083:3, 9;

1104:20; 1105:1; 1111:5;

1128:2, 6, 16; 1134:25;

1135:22; 1136:13;

1164:16; 1165:22, 24

possibility [4] - 1084:18;

1139:14; 1156:8; 1183:20

possible [15] - 1036:18, 23;

1037:3; 1064:14; 1068:25;

1077:2; 1084:3; 1148:20;

1149:4; 1152:11; 1168:24;

1171:3; 1172:17, 21, 25

post [3] - 1157:1; 1158:5;

1159:8

posted [1] - 1116:23

potential [14] - 1066:20;

1067:3; 1084:6; 1090:10;

1095:3, 20, 23; 1110:14;

1180:12; 1184:14;

1192:17, 19; 1200:14;

1203:8

potentially [4] - 1078:13;

1079:4; 1080:9; 1085:25

practice [2] - 1096:13;

1192:1

practices [5] - 1075:18;

1168:7, 20-21; 1177:3

Prairie [3] - 1023:4; 1069:8;

1089:5

PRAIRIE [2] - 1025:5;

1089:16

Prairie's [1] - 1095:9

pre [4] - 1030:15; 1056:7, 12;

1057:23

pre-Directive [1] - 1030:15

pre-disturbance [3] -

1056:7, 12; 1057:23

precaution [1] - 1158:6

precipitation [3] - 1098:12,

14; 1184:11

preclude [1] - 1156:14

preclusion [1] - 1156:11

preconditions [2] - 1107:15;

1133:19

predation [1] - 1044:10

predators [1] - 1041:18

predict [3] - 1086:4; 1135:15;

1201:2

predicting [1] - 1077:12

prediction [1] - 1084:14

predominant [1] - 1106:13

preferred [2] - 1071:16;

1081:15

premised [1] - 1152:15

prepare [1] - 1172:21

prepared [8] - 1049:20;

1070:2, 19; 1109:9;

1110:11; 1140:22;

1141:18; 1164:20

Preparedness [3] - 1098:24;

1099:3; 1100:8

presence [4] - 1041:19;

1072:21; 1073:7; 1201:3

present [9] - 1041:14;

1063:11, 19; 1069:8, 10;

1076:6; 1089:5

presentation [1] - 1126:9

presented [8] - 1047:10;

1049:7; 1051:8; 1077:16;

1083:23; 1088:7; 1150:23;

1170:15

presently [1] - 1198:19

presents [1] - 1064:14

President [1] - 1105:2

press [1] - 1086:2

pressure [7] - 1065:24;

1084:19; 1087:3, 6, 11, 22

presume [2] - 1139:19;

1161:16

presumptuous [1] - 1179:9

pretty [3] - 1096:6; 1169:3,

10

prevent [5] - 1161:7;

1169:16; 1192:24; 1194:3;

1196:9

prevention [2] - 1098:19;

1196:20

preventive [2] - 1097:1;

1100:1

prevents [1] - 1039:17

previous [1] - 1147:25

previously [2] - 1071:5;

1193:9

PREVIOUSLY [2] - 1024:5;

1031:16

pricing [1] - 1107:2

primarily [2] - 1070:24;

1166:15

primary [6] - 1109:14, 18, 23,

25; 1110:1, 19

principle [2] - 1042:17;

1126:16

proactive [1] - 1202:13

proactively [1] - 1201:24

problem [7] - 1065:16;

1074:4; 1137:6, 11;

1155:2, 5; 1158:21

problematic [2] - 1086:10;

1141:21

procedural [1] - 1136:5

procedures [1] - 1075:25

proceed [9] - 1088:23;

1101:22; 1108:12;

1111:16; 1138:6; 1140:19;

1149:7; 1152:11; 1204:5

proceeding [1] - 1108:15

proceedings [2] - 1205:7, 10

PROCEEDINGS [3] -

1020:15; 1024:1; 1025:1

proceeds [1] - 1148:7

Process [1] - 1103:24

process [17] - 1063:22;

1067:17; 1078:21; 1080:3;

1084:22; 1085:1; 1100:14;

1104:22; 1126:22;

1133:17; 1141:17;

1167:14; 1196:19;

1201:10; 1202:16; 1203:1;

1204:3

processes [3] - 1089:20;

1135:1, 23

produce [2] - 1118:21;

1146:15

PRODUCE [2] - 1027:14;

1119:4

produced [2] - 1123:21;

1125:5

product [2] - 1083:24;

1107:1

production [2] - 1085:7;

1086:21

products [4] - 1085:6, 18,



21

20; 1087:16

professional [2] - 1061:4;

1071:12

professionals [1] - 1071:18

profiles [1] - 1088:1

program [23] - 1056:24;

1057:10; 1069:18, 20;

1070:17, 23; 1071:21;

1073:7; 1074:6, 23;

1075:14, 19, 21-22;

1155:19; 1160:11; 1161:1,

5, 11; 1192:23

programs [5] - 1055:8, 19;

1056:13; 1057:8; 1203:12

progress [2] - 1191:3;

1200:9

progressive [6] - 1104:24;

1168:7, 20; 1169:4;

1184:5; 1185:17

PROJECT [1] - 1020:2

Project [55] - 1030:19;

1045:23; 1069:21;

1076:23; 1084:3; 1085:23;

1086:19; 1090:3; 1103:11,

17; 1104:12; 1105:14;

1107:14; 1108:6, 12;

1109:13; 1110:10; 1117:5;

1120:11; 1121:22; 1122:8,

11; 1123:4, 19; 1127:13;

1128:24; 1130:11; 1131:2;

1132:9, 16; 1133:8;

1136:19; 1138:6; 1144:13;

1145:4; 1147:23; 1148:4,

7, 17; 1149:14; 1152:12;

1154:9-11, 23; 1159:14;

1162:24; 1163:11;

1168:14; 1172:24; 1176:3,

17, 19; 1200:5

project [19] - 1076:10;

1085:24; 1087:4, 9;

1103:19; 1108:2, 16;

1110:12, 16; 1111:3;

1123:1; 1130:2; 1139:16;

1151:15; 1154:12, 16;

1192:11

projection [1] - 1088:9

projections [2] - 1088:14, 19

projects [6] - 1052:16;

1084:20; 1085:22; 1087:1;

1111:3; 1154:15

pronounce [1] - 1103:13

properly [1] - 1194:11

properties [1] - 1183:4

Proponent [1] - 1135:22

proportion [1] - 1058:14

proposal [4] - 1149:17;

1152:1; 1153:7; 1157:1

propose [2] - 1029:12;

1151:18

proposed [14] - 1059:17;

1075:23; 1153:1, 16, 18,

24; 1160:3; 1176:12;

1186:11; 1190:1, 11, 24;

1192:11; 1194:10

PROPOSED [1] - 1020:2

proposing [2] - 1155:18;

1156:16

proposition [2] - 1122:22;

1138:25

proprietary [2] - 1061:1;

1062:18

protect [2] - 1152:3; 1157:12

protected [4] - 1093:2;

1094:9; 1159:10, 13

protocol [1] - 1063:22

Protocols [1] - 1097:20

protocols [1] - 1200:18

proves [1] - 1193:2

PROVIDE [12] - 1027:8, 18,

21-22; 1028:5, 14;

1050:18; 1124:23;

1146:21, 23; 1164:4;

1175:17

provide [22] - 1050:10;

1059:10; 1065:8; 1070:22;

1102:11; 1104:23; 1114:1,

5, 16; 1124:10, 15; 1146:1;

1150:18; 1163:18, 20;

1164:1; 1173:7, 22; 1174:4

Provide [1] - 1092:14

provided [20] - 1029:23;

1033:8; 1059:2; 1089:24;

1094:19; 1095:4; 1102:6;

1115:16, 18, 22; 1116:16;

1117:15; 1123:23; 1143:9;

1145:16, 20, 23; 1152:8;

1166:14; 1174:11

PROVIDED [7] - 1026:10, 12;

1027:22; 1028:17; 1121:8;

1146:23; 1175:21

provides [1] - 1076:23

providing [5] - 1029:25;

1031:10; 1103:21; 1180:5;

1184:14

Provinces [1] - 1205:4

provincial [1] - 1107:6

Provincial [1] - 1107:15

provisions [1] - 1125:6

prudent [2] - 1102:15;

1159:6

Public [2] - 1021:12; 1098:25

public [14] - 1076:25;

1084:18; 1087:3, 6-7, 11,

15, 21-22, 25; 1089:21;

1100:5, 14

public's [3] - 1100:13, 17;

1101:4

publication [1] - 1079:15

publicly [5] - 1054:18;

1100:2, 12; 1101:3

published [4] - 1035:22;

1045:15, 19; 1079:16

publishers [1] - 1079:17

pull [2] - 1052:5; 1147:19

pulled [2] - 1087:5; 1092:4

pulling [1] - 1043:11

pulls [1] - 1047:25

pumped [1] - 1098:11

Purdy [2] - 1023:2

purpose [2] - 1172:3; 1184:4

purposes [2] - 1177:24;

1178:11

pursued [1] - 1104:8

put [12] - 1052:6; 1069:2;

1081:18; 1097:1; 1156:11;

1158:1, 3; 1162:5, 10;

1180:7; 1181:8; 1203:19

puts [1] - 1151:3

Q

Q.C [4] - 1022:2, 8, 21;

1023:2

qualification [1] - 1132:7

qualifier [1] - 1122:18

qualify [2] - 1040:9; 1122:23

qualitative [1] - 1095:5

quality [2] - 1066:23; 1161:9

quantify [1] - 1064:13

question's [1] - 1134:19

questioned [1] - 1103:6

questioning [2] - 1139:20;

1165:14

QUESTIONS [2] - 1025:11;

1166:8

questions [50] - 1033:7, 9,

15, 19; 1048:15, 22;

1049:1, 3, 21; 1059:1, 5;

1069:13; 1089:9, 22;

1101:11; 1103:4, 9;

1107:18; 1120:8; 1125:24;

1135:2; 1137:24; 1138:1,

12, 17; 1139:1, 3, 9;

1140:6, 12, 23; 1141:19,

24; 1142:10; 1144:4, 7;

1149:8; 1162:14; 1166:11,

14, 20; 1167:9, 13, 19;

1176:23; 1186:6; 1193:8;

1204:3

quick [2] - 1029:6; 1173:10

quickly [6] - 1057:13, 23;

1058:13; 1074:8; 1078:17;

1166:12

quite [14] - 1033:11; 1036:3;

1038:3; 1042:1; 1046:11;

1048:23; 1057:16;

1066:14; 1077:25;

1085:19; 1126:8; 1140:22;

1150:14; 1194:19

quotes [1] - 1078:24

R

R.S.A [2] - 1020:7

radar [1] - 1073:6

radio [1] - 1033:24

rainfall [1] - 1098:13

raise [1] - 1096:14

range [12] - 1037:22;

1045:23; 1066:8, 10;

1077:10; 1084:15;

1099:24; 1104:11;

1162:22; 1183:7; 1202:1,

23

ranges [2] - 1044:3

Rangi [1] - 1022:13

rate [2] - 1168:23

rather [3] - 1123:1; 1136:25;

1151:18

raven [1] - 1072:15

raw [3] - 1060:24; 1062:13,

17

Ray [1] - 1023:2

RCR [3] - 1023:15; 1205:3,

19

RDS [1] - 1105:12

re [1] - 1144:7

re-ask [1] - 1144:7

reach [1] - 1144:10

reached [11] - 1128:10;

1129:12, 23, 25; 1130:7;

1131:17, 25; 1132:3, 14;

1144:15

reaches [6] - 1149:13, 19-20;

1151:19; 1152:12; 1153:6

react [1] - 1136:5

reaction [1] - 1187:2

reactive [1] - 1100:7

read [6] - 1078:17; 1083:17;

1116:23; 1156:24; 1183:2;

1197:22

reads [1] - 1071:23

ready [2] - 1101:14, 22

real [1] - 1101:15

Realization [1] - 1103:24

realize [1] - 1175:24

really [12] - 1029:6; 1045:18;

1052:2, 12; 1054:23;

1065:4; 1083:4; 1089:20;

1100:23; 1103:17; 1135:8;

1138:18

realm [1] - 1126:1

Realtime [2] - 1205:4, 20

REALTIME [1] - 1023:13

realtime [1] - 1023:14

reason [8] - 1050:2; 1051:23;

1062:1; 1151:16; 1179:5;

1181:4; 1187:7



22

reasonable [3] - 1044:20;

1050:13; 1124:6

reasons [3] - 1073:2;

1098:16; 1124:8

receive [2] - 1086:1; 1111:2

receives [1] - 1148:4

receiving [1] - 1157:19

recent [1] - 1175:12

recently [3] - 1034:22;

1087:2; 1103:22

receptors [5] - 1094:6, 9, 24;

1095:2; 1096:4

reclaim [2] - 1179:17;

1180:25

reclaimed [6] - 1171:4;

1180:8; 1181:9; 1183:16

Reclaimed [1] - 1177:5

reclaiming [3] - 1056:16;

1057:12; 1168:25

reclamation [34] - 1030:14,

19, 23; 1031:2; 1058:5;

1167:10, 19; 1168:7, 13,

20, 23, 25; 1169:4, 7-8, 10,

13, 15; 1170:2, 6, 11, 21;

1171:16; 1172:13;

1173:19; 1175:7; 1176:3;

1177:12; 1180:15, 23;

1184:5, 25; 1185:4, 18

RECLAMATION [2] -

1028:15; 1175:18

Reclamation [2] - 1167:21;

1180:4

recollection [1] - 1035:15

recollections [2] - 1036:1, 3

recommend [3] - 1138:5;

1139:16; 1159:22

recommendations [15] -

1046:6, 12; 1074:13;

1133:15, 21; 1134:13;

1135:17; 1136:7, 15, 21;

1137:9; 1138:1, 4;

1139:14; 1160:10

recommended [1] - 1075:13

reconcile [1] - 1130:1

reconciled [3] - 1131:1;

1132:8

reconstruction [1] - 1177:2

recontoured [2] - 1182:19,

21

recontouring [1] - 1184:1

reconvene [1] - 1101:14

RECONVENED [1] - 1025:13

reconvened [1] - 1204:17

RECORD [2] - 1028:12;

1165:10

record [15] - 1056:10;

1069:2; 1119:2; 1136:3;

1144:20, 25; 1145:6, 12,

14, 19, 25; 1164:17;

1165:1; 1174:6, 16

recorded [1] - 1072:10

records [5] - 1036:8, 13;

1052:1; 1100:6; 1145:16

recovery [1] - 1150:16

Recovery [2] - 1043:8;

1044:15

recreational [3] - 1091:21;

1155:14; 1156:4

red [1] - 1123:17

REDACT [2] - 1027:19;

1124:25

redact [1] - 1124:17

Redclay [3] - 1153:2;

1161:25; 1162:5

redisturbed [1] - 1169:15

redone [1] - 1030:22

reduce [1] - 1176:20

reduced [2] - 1155:9; 1183:9

reducing [1] - 1185:10

reduction [1] - 1178:21

refer [11] - 1043:7; 1044:22;

1047:3; 1105:13; 1116:20;

1121:2, 16; 1128:24;

1129:1; 1155:1; 1190:9

Reference [2] - 1090:3, 20

reference [16] - 1080:19;

1083:16; 1116:16;

1125:21; 1147:14; 1167:5;

1172:7; 1173:24; 1174:7,

25; 1178:17; 1186:6;

1191:19; 1192:10;

1196:22; 1198:3

referenced [1] - 1147:25

references [9] - 1166:25;

1168:1; 1169:21; 1170:12;

1174:18, 23; 1176:22;

1178:25; 1182:14

referencing [1] - 1175:4

referred [8] - 1069:19, 23;

1113:2, 9, 19; 1145:20;

1148:15; 1187:15

referring [4] - 1042:10;

1102:3, 8; 1197:14

refers [3] - 1065:14; 1119:15;

1164:9

REFLECT [2] - 1028:15;

1175:18

reflect [8] - 1142:9; 1173:15,

18; 1175:11; 1178:2, 14;

1180:15; 1181:3

reflected [10] - 1087:21;

1146:9; 1171:12, 17;

1172:2, 14, 17, 23; 1173:5;

1197:21

reflective [1] - 1194:18

reflects [2] - 1118:8; 1180:23

refocus [1] - 1142:10

reformulate [1] - 1144:3

refresh [1] - 1039:6

regard [11] - 1069:13;

1070:1; 1071:20; 1074:20;

1076:23; 1083:20; 1084:2;

1087:7, 12; 1144:2;

1161:19

REGARDING [2] - 1027:19;

1124:24

regarding [9] - 1033:1, 8, 10,

20; 1035:16; 1036:8, 13;

1046:7

regardless [1] - 1151:15

regards [3] - 1089:23;

1185:10; 1195:24

regenerated [1] - 1057:22

regimes [1] - 1107:7

region [3] - 1056:15;

1096:24; 1127:23

Region [4] - 1022:19;

1107:22; 1145:9

REGION [4] - 1024:22;

1068:7, 9

regional [3] - 1047:23;

1198:6; 1199:14

REGIONAL [2] - 1027:7;

1050:17

Regional [5] - 1023:2;

1047:14; 1050:7; 1052:4;

1056:14

registering [3] - 1023:6, 9,

11

Registry [2] - 1070:11;

1102:5

regular [3] - 1182:22;

1195:2, 23

regulations [1] - 1097:9

regulator [3] - 1120:22;

1162:9, 11

regulators [2] - 1083:10;

1100:5

regulatory [15] - 1086:14, 17;

1106:1, 9; 1109:6;

1110:24; 1111:8, 16;

1116:13; 1117:4; 1120:4;

1127:10; 1134:5

rehandling [1] - 1191:17

relate [1] - 1049:22

RELATED [2] - 1027:17;

1124:22

related [6] - 1029:20;

1030:13; 1061:15;

1103:10; 1124:14; 1141:25

relation [5] - 1044:17;

1046:4; 1119:20; 1134:25;

1172:24

relationship [5] - 1037:23;

1076:21; 1123:7; 1141:15;

1163:21

relationships [1] - 1179:21

relative [1] - 1064:1

released.. [1] - 1177:7

releases [2] - 1064:5, 9

relevant [3] - 1050:1; 1136:3;

1157:2

RELIED [2] - 1027:8;

1050:20

relied [2] - 1050:12; 1199:11

relocate [2] - 1150:10, 20

reluctant [1] - 1181:4

remaining [2] - 1072:22;

1119:18

REMAINS [2] - 1028:11;

1165:9

remains [3] - 1031:11;

1132:12; 1164:16

remarks [1] - 1117:3

remember [1] - 1046:24

Remembrance [1] - 1029:11

remove [2] - 1160:20;

1201:18

REMOVED [2] - 1028:16;

1175:19

removed [1] - 1173:20

renewables [2] - 1077:18;

1085:13

renewal [2] - 1115:14;

1116:14

repeat [7] - 1047:7; 1056:9;

1131:15; 1144:22;

1171:25; 1173:17; 1196:16

rephrase [3] - 1141:24;

1142:3; 1180:16

replicate [1] - 1056:21

reply [1] - 1137:3

Report [12] - 1070:16;

1103:2; 1120:25; 1121:25;

1125:21; 1126:2, 12;

1127:4; 1128:13; 1132:25;

1136:12, 16

report [27] - 1034:9; 1037:6,

17, 21; 1039:7; 1040:3,

6-7, 14; 1041:3, 25;

1043:1, 13; 1069:20;

1070:1, 3, 8, 16; 1071:4,

20; 1073:18; 1074:13;

1105:12; 1115:9; 1116:17

REPORT [2] - 1026:12;

1121:8

reported [1] - 1037:1

Reporter [3] - 1146:19;

1205:4, 20

REPORTER'S [1] - 1205:1

REPORTING [1] - 1023:13

reports [2] - 1105:7

represent [3] - 1049:8;

1052:17; 1172:19

represented [2] - 1022:10;

1175:13

represents [1] - 1044:9

Request [10] - 1047:5;

1092:12; 1093:8, 13;

1116:2; 1168:11, 18;



23

1183:11; 1184:19

request [1] - 1124:6

REQUESTED [6] - 1026:5,

15, 17; 1030:8; 1143:19,

23

requested [3] - 1092:12;

1093:8; 1094:18

requesting [1] - 1111:22

Requests [1] - 1089:24

require [6] - 1090:4;

1097:20; 1120:12; 1125:7;

1157:7; 1158:25

required [14] - 1076:3;

1098:25; 1099:15;

1107:14; 1109:13; 1117:5;

1119:24; 1154:20;

1164:11; 1165:23; 1190:7;

1192:24; 1193:7

REQUIRED [2] - 1028:9;

1165:5

requirement [5] - 1106:2, 14;

1127:10; 1153:11; 1193:2

requirements [2] - 1088:20;

1191:18

requires [3] - 1062:17;

1148:5; 1162:16

Research [1] - 1180:6

research [2] - 1045:15;

1074:20

researchers [1] - 1070:2

Reserve [3] - 1147:14, 24;

1148:9

reserve [1] - 1148:18

reservoirs [1] - 1155:7

resolution [1] - 1049:10

Resource [3] - 1106:19;

1157:6; 1158:1

resource [7] - 1055:3;

1150:9, 16; 1151:9, 17, 22;

1152:18

Resources [2] - 1116:9;

1159:1

resources [6] - 1091:22;

1094:11; 1107:4; 1148:8,

12; 1151:1

RESOURCES [4] - 1020:3, 6,

11; 1021:9

respect [12] - 1031:9;

1108:19; 1127:23;

1132:15; 1133:7, 18, 24;

1144:12; 1145:3; 1188:14;

1189:13; 1203:10

RESPECT [4] - 1027:5;

1028:7; 1050:15; 1165:3

respectful [1] - 1140:17

respectively [1] - 1113:7

respond [5] - 1081:25;

1087:20; 1141:22; 1191:1,

7

responded [1] - 1093:10

response [16] - 1029:23;

1033:9; 1060:19; 1083:15;

1093:14, 17; 1095:8;

1099:5, 9; 1136:10;

1168:19, 22; 1169:3, 5;

1175:24; 1183:13

Response [8] - 1047:4;

1093:12; 1098:23; 1099:2,

4; 1187:8; 1192:4

RESPONSE [2] - 1026:4;

1030:6

Responses [4] - 1168:11,

18; 1183:12; 1184:20

responses [5] - 1081:13;

1096:16; 1099:13;

1167:23; 1204:4

responsibilities [1] - 1134:4

responsibility [5] - 1127:6;

1129:17; 1132:25; 1133:6;

1135:16

responsible [2] - 1035:6;

1151:24

responsive [3] - 1087:6, 11,

15

rest [2] - 1041:25; 1048:15

restate [1] - 1079:22

restored [2] - 1056:7, 12

restoring [1] - 1169:19

restrictions [1] - 1124:8

result [3] - 1040:24; 1200:23;

1202:5

results [3] - 1037:22; 1061:4;

1105:10

resume [2] - 1142:18;

1204:10

RESUMING [2] - 1024:5;

1031:16

retain [2] - 1086:24; 1100:18

retained [1] - 1184:11

return [2] - 1056:18; 1116:12

revegetated [2] - 1177:21;

1178:8

REVIEW [2] - 1020:1

review [11] - 1033:5; 1036:7,

13; 1061:18, 22; 1062:11;

1097:15; 1098:1; 1100:20;

1146:10

Review [11] - 1021:7;

1037:18; 1047:5; 1090:9;

1092:10; 1112:14;

1128:13; 1130:12;

1134:14; 1136:16; 1170:10

reviewed [4] - 1035:22;

1062:7; 1098:3; 1190:20

reviewing [2] - 1109:12;

1195:3

reviews [1] - 1146:9

revisit [1] - 1149:4

right-hand [1] - 1049:14

Rights [1] - 1096:12

rise [3] - 1065:23; 1133:10;

1155:5

rises [2] - 1190:21; 1191:4

risk [31] - 1062:23; 1063:12,

14, 16, 18; 1064:13;

1072:12; 1075:3; 1085:16,

21; 1093:2, 19; 1094:10;

1111:7, 18; 1121:17, 19;

1122:3, 9; 1152:14, 19;

1158:4; 1159:18; 1160:21;

1162:7, 12; 1201:3, 20;

1202:21

risks [1] - 1063:19

River [35] - 1022:17;

1030:24; 1033:2; 1034:10,

13, 24; 1059:12; 1070:13;

1085:23; 1099:22, 25;

1149:9, 13; 1150:24;

1151:3, 19; 1152:13;

1153:6, 14, 19; 1154:12,

15; 1158:9, 19; 1175:6;

1191:5; 1192:2, 12;

1194:1; 1196:5; 1197:3,

24; 1200:21, 23; 1201:7

river [9] - 1150:7, 10, 19-20;

1152:3, 7; 1156:2; 1158:12

rivers [2] - 1157:21

roads [2] - 1042:6; 1190:9

Robbie [1] - 1079:14

ROBERTS [13] - 1024:18;

1027:4; 1028:18; 1030:18;

1031:5; 1032:17; 1096:18;

1186:19; 1188:4; 1191:13;

1194:8; 1197:12; 1203:11

Roberts [11] - 1030:13, 16;

1031:3; 1186:23; 1187:20;

1188:23; 1191:19;

1197:15; 1198:13;

1200:13; 1203:23

robust [1] - 1086:15

role [5] - 1079:10, 25;

1080:15; 1084:21; 1166:19

roll [1] - 1086:24

rolled [1] - 1105:8

room [6] - 1029:25; 1143:9;

1171:1; 1190:2, 5, 9

root [1] - 1128:22

ROSEMARY [2] - 1024:14;

1032:8

Rothwell [1] - 1022:23

Round [1] - 1116:2

route [1] - 1192:13

row [5] - 1095:17; 1113:9;

1115:13; 1181:16

Royal [6] - 1077:6; 1097:24;

1105:11; 1108:24; 1109:3;

1127:17

RPR [3] - 1023:15; 1205:3,

19

RSA [6] - 1049:9; 1050:25;

1053:8; 1055:8, 20;

1058:16

ruled [1] - 1133:11

ruling [1] - 1142:5

RULING [1] - 1025:8

run [1] - 1061:1

runoff [1] - 1183:22

rupture [2] - 1065:10;

1066:21

ruptures [1] - 1067:4

S

S.C [1] - 1020:10

safe [1] - 1204:12

Safety [4] - 1097:7, 12;

1099:1

safety [3] - 1097:9; 1100:3;

1192:9

SAGD [2] - 1055:5, 16

saline [2] - 1067:14, 21

salt [11] - 1197:1, 6, 11, 13,

23; 1198:1, 11, 16;

1199:12, 17

sampling [1] - 1161:3

sand [6] - 1186:11; 1189:13,

19, 21; 1191:14; 1193:4

Sander [1] - 1022:2

SANDS [3] - 1020:8;

1028:10; 1165:7

Sands [9] - 1023:1; 1056:25;

1083:6; 1107:22; 1108:6;

1110:3; 1127:12; 1164:13;

1177:6

sands [9] - 1056:14;

1067:10; 1083:21; 1084:2;

1111:3; 1123:10; 1127:23;

1153:24; 1201:19

satisfied [1] - 1190:14

SATISFIED [4] - 1027:4;

1028:13; 1031:5; 1166:3

satisfy [1] - 1120:22

saw [3] - 1055:13; 1155:20;

1156:24

sawyer [1] - 1195:12

SAWYER [7] - 1024:12;

1028:14; 1032:5; 1171:24;

1175:16; 1189:12; 1194:13

Sawyer [10] - 1171:24;

1172:1; 1173:11; 1174:8;

1175:14; 1176:14;

1188:24; 1189:12, 23;

1190:23

sawyer's [1] - 1188:19

SAY [2] - 1026:6; 1068:16

scale [5] - 1042:6; 1044:1,

12; 1050:7; 1201:17

SCALE [2] - 1027:7; 1050:18

scan [2] - 1077:7; 1121:23



24

scaup [1] - 1072:14

scenario [10] - 1078:21;

1080:2, 23; 1081:4, 10,

15-16; 1096:9; 1099:20

scenario-planning [1] -

1081:4

scenarios [13] - 1078:10, 18;

1079:9; 1080:1, 14, 21;

1081:8, 21, 23; 1083:1, 19,

23; 1088:6

SCHAAF [2] - 1024:8;

1031:22

schedule [1] - 1167:17

scheduling [1] - 1029:7

scheme [3] - 1111:11;

1148:24; 1150:14

science [2] - 1044:21;

1159:17

Scientific [1] - 1037:19

scope [2] - 1075:23; 1103:20

scramble [3] - 1081:9;

1083:12

seal [4] - 1066:6, 12;

1201:24; 1202:14

searches [1] - 1066:14

season [1] - 1071:11

sec [2] - 1053:16; 1155:15

second [9] - 1033:3;

1112:17; 1113:9; 1119:12;

1127:2; 1143:6; 1173:12;

1187:16; 1196:2

secondly [1] - 1030:11

Secretariat [1] - 1166:15

SECRETARIAT [1] - 1021:14

SECTION [2] - 1028:9;

1165:6

section [5] - 1041:24;

1156:21; 1197:7; 1199:9

Section [12] - 1021:12;

1030:21; 1039:8; 1040:14;

1041:3; 1109:6; 1115:19;

1164:12; 1165:25; 1186:8;

1191:21; 1196:24

sectional [1] - 1199:10

sections [6] - 1197:10;

1198:14; 1199:9, 15-16, 23

SEE [2] - 1027:17; 1124:21

see [48] - 1042:5; 1049:16;

1051:18; 1052:15;

1077:22; 1079:2; 1080:7;

1081:24; 1082:3, 5;

1083:7, 11; 1085:4, 9-10;

1086:21; 1092:7; 1094:2;

1095:17, 21; 1096:1, 3;

1099:21; 1107:10;

1109:18; 1111:22;

1112:20; 1115:15; 1116:3;

1117:6; 1123:11; 1124:7,

13; 1126:4; 1132:19, 23;

1136:21; 1147:15, 22;

1166:22; 1167:3, 17;

1202:3, 8, 14

seek [3] - 1118:23; 1120:23;

1149:6

seeks [1] - 1134:24

SEEKS [2] - 1027:15; 1119:6

seem [2] - 1051:5; 1124:5

seepage [3] - 1192:18;

1196:5, 9

sees [1] - 1139:13

segments [1] - 1148:3

segregate [1] - 1170:17

seismic [22] - 1042:11;

1051:20; 1052:1; 1053:6;

1054:8, 25; 1055:7, 18;

1056:3, 16; 1057:4, 25;

1058:1, 9, 14-15, 23-24;

1060:25

select [2] - 1071:2; 1104:15

Selected [1] - 1037:18

selection [1] - 1188:10

Self [1] - 1022:10

Self-represented [1] -

1022:10

send [1] - 1033:25

sending [1] - 1037:11

senior [4] - 1081:5, 20;

1083:1, 18

sense [7] - 1045:4; 1046:18;

1052:22; 1057:14; 1060:8;

1150:15; 1152:14

Sensitive [1] - 1079:19

sensitive [9] - 1090:23;

1092:15, 22; 1093:15;

1094:17, 22, 24; 1095:2

sent [1] - 1160:6

sentence [1] - 1041:11

separate [1] - 1143:12

separated [1] - 1170:3

separately [3] - 1143:11;

1178:1, 13

sequence [3] - 1116:13;

1117:11; 1167:22

sequencing [1] - 1137:18

series [9] - 1048:25; 1103:9;

1104:4, 23; 1106:11;

1137:23; 1138:11; 1140:6,

12

seriously [1] - 1158:22

services [1] - 1180:1

Services [2] - 1099:1

set [4] - 1049:10; 1108:24;

1192:7; 1205:8

SETBACK [2] - 1028:19;

1188:5

setback [6] - 1186:17;

1187:3, 10, 24; 1191:24;

1192:7

sets [6] - 1047:20; 1060:13,

15, 21; 1061:5, 7

seven [1] - 1048:19

seven-year [1] - 1048:19

several [7] - 1033:12;

1040:17; 1072:12; 1150:1;

1168:19; 1194:6; 1195:6

severe [1] - 1091:18

Sh [1] - 1181:18

Shaliza [1] - 1023:7

share [5] - 1061:15, 25;

1062:4; 1085:25; 1099:19

shared [3] - 1062:5; 1099:4;

1100:8

Shawn [1] - 1022:2

shed [1] - 1183:18

SHELL [28] - 1020:2; 1024:3,

5; 1026:3, 10, 13, 15, 17;

1027:6, 8, 15; 1028:7, 10;

1029:17; 1030:6; 1031:16;

1050:15, 19; 1119:6;

1121:9; 1143:18, 22;

1165:4, 8

Shell [201] - 1022:2; 1032:25;

1033:14; 1034:9, 15, 20;

1035:17; 1036:22; 1043:8;

1050:12; 1051:4, 13;

1054:14, 16; 1055:14;

1059:15; 1061:23; 1062:8,

25; 1063:8, 10, 19, 21;

1065:18, 20; 1067:2, 10;

1068:23; 1070:3, 21;

1071:5; 1072:5; 1074:17;

1075:12, 23; 1076:18, 22;

1077:2, 6; 1078:10;

1079:1; 1080:1, 6, 19, 23;

1081:5, 8, 20; 1082:3;

1083:18; 1084:24; 1085:9,

21; 1086:7; 1087:1, 3, 5-6,

11, 14, 17; 1089:22;

1090:1, 16, 19; 1091:11;

1092:12; 1094:16;

1096:23; 1097:21, 24;

1102:7; 1103:22; 1105:1,

4, 7, 11, 23; 1107:16, 21,

23; 1108:1, 8, 19, 21, 24;

1109:3; 1111:25; 1115:16;

1116:8, 23; 1117:5, 15, 17;

1119:24; 1120:10;

1121:20; 1122:4, 9, 13;

1125:10; 1126:11; 1127:8,

16-17, 22; 1128:3, 14, 22,

24; 1129:5-7, 10, 25;

1130:7, 25; 1131:4, 17, 20,

25; 1132:15, 19; 1133:4;

1135:2, 15; 1136:3, 17;

1137:6, 17; 1138:8;

1140:13; 1144:10, 12;

1145:3, 13; 1148:18;

1149:14; 1151:17;

1152:11; 1153:1, 17, 19;

1155:11; 1160:3; 1161:16;

1165:22; 1167:20; 1168:3,

19, 23; 1169:23; 1170:14;

1176:24; 1177:10; 1179:3,

12, 17, 20; 1182:15;

1183:2, 13; 1184:21;

1186:8; 1187:8; 1188:9,

11; 1189:23, 25; 1190:13,

24; 1191:10, 21; 1192:5, 7,

11, 14; 1193:17; 1194:9,

23; 1195:17; 1196:8, 17,

24; 1197:9, 20, 22;

1198:15; 1200:4

Shell's [34] - 1033:24;

1034:23; 1036:7, 13;

1046:3; 1047:4; 1050:25;

1055:4; 1065:9; 1067:4, 8,

24; 1074:19; 1075:17;

1077:13, 16; 1079:10;

1080:15; 1085:24; 1088:9;

1103:10; 1135:17; 1136:6,

12, 22; 1137:10; 1153:10;

1155:18; 1170:17; 1176:2;

1185:9; 1194:6; 1195:18

shift [1] - 1085:9

shifting [2] - 1085:11, 19

short [3] - 1032:24; 1192:8;

1196:10

shortfall [1] - 1191:14

shorthand [1] - 1205:8

show [6] - 1172:22, 25;

1181:9; 1199:17; 1201:12;

1203:5

showed [1] - 1173:4

showing [1] - 1197:10

SHOWN [2] - 1028:16;

1175:20

shown [5] - 1050:3; 1170:16;

1173:2, 21; 1194:17

shows [6] - 1123:10;

1154:14; 1162:21;

1168:13; 1170:6; 1178:21

shrubland [1] - 1181:17

shrublands [1] - 1182:6

sic [1] - 1089:4

side [7] - 1038:21; 1039:18;

1056:3, 18; 1096:7;

1098:19; 1153:18

SIERRA [2] - 1025:4;

1089:16

Sierra [4] - 1023:4; 1069:8;

1089:4; 1095:9

signals [1] - 1033:25

significant [9] - 1085:5;

1096:20, 23, 25; 1097:23;

1119:20; 1150:9; 1153:21;

1194:16

signs [2] - 1157:2; 1158:5

similar [6] - 1041:20;

1103:24; 1104:12; 1131:8;

1161:2; 1186:12



25

similar-type [1] - 1161:2

similarly [1] - 1138:4

Simon [3] - 1044:22; 1045:3,

7

SIMONS [2] - 1024:15;

1032:10

simple [3] - 1087:13;

1152:18; 1201:15

simplest [1] - 1202:8

simply [4] - 1037:21;

1066:14; 1179:6; 1202:9

simulations [1] - 1099:13

single [2] - 1034:19; 1081:1

single-point [1] - 1081:1

sinks [1] - 1200:5

SIR [9] - 1061:12; 1063:24;

1065:6; 1066:17; 1093:16;

1094:23; 1167:23; 1187:7;

1192:4

SIR46 [1] - 1030:25

SIRs [1] - 1170:10

site [8] - 1074:25; 1076:14,

16; 1099:12; 1151:4;

1153:12; 1176:18

sites [6] - 1072:21; 1075:3;

1090:25; 1092:25;

1093:18; 1094:7

sitting [1] - 1029:8

situ [8] - 1052:12; 1053:23;

1055:5; 1064:3, 15, 21;

1065:3; 1201:19

situated [1] - 1197:5

situation [6] - 1064:19;

1065:5; 1077:7; 1135:21;

1172:11; 1202:12

situation-dependent [1] -

1065:5

six [2] - 1052:7; 1099:23

size [3] - 1063:16; 1154:13;

1162:24

sized [2] - 1160:14

skill [1] - 1205:11

slight [1] - 1151:10

slightly [3] - 1038:9;

1049:15; 1103:24

slipped [1] - 1035:13

slop [2] - 1195:2, 22

slope [1] - 1185:18

slopes [5] - 1183:6, 18;

1188:14; 1189:21

small [2] - 1042:8; 1063:12

smaller [2] - 1042:3; 1045:9

smallest [1] - 1042:12

social [5] - 1088:4; 1127:4,

6; 1132:24; 1133:6

socially [1] - 1151:24

socio [1] - 1167:15

socio-economic [1] -

1167:15

soft [2] - 1194:24; 1195:22

softballs [1] - 1135:8

soil [2] - 1058:12; 1184:15

solution [2] - 1066:3; 1152:8

solutions [1] - 1064:14

someone [1] - 1092:3

sometime [1] - 1174:9

sometimes [3] - 1127:5;

1140:18; 1171:7

somewhat [1] - 1149:25

soon [3] - 1034:6; 1068:25;

1141:7

sorry [34] - 1047:7, 12, 18;

1048:22; 1051:14;

1053:16; 1054:15;

1057:11; 1058:1, 17;

1082:11, 14, 21; 1089:5;

1092:4; 1093:23; 1102:24;

1116:3; 1151:8; 1157:5;

1169:12; 1171:19;

1173:12, 17; 1174:15, 25;

1175:3, 8; 1180:16, 18;

1182:25; 1184:19

sort [12] - 1058:2; 1076:24;

1084:22; 1085:1; 1089:24;

1090:15; 1096:11;

1098:13; 1100:2, 25;

1140:10; 1185:16

sound [1] - 1100:15

sounded [2] - 1146:18;

1202:4

sounds [3] - 1050:13;

1091:25; 1195:12

source [1] - 1079:13

sources [4] - 1029:21;

1048:1, 10; 1077:9

south [3] - 1186:17, 21;

1187:25

South [2] - 1021:18; 1186:13

SOUTH [2] - 1028:19; 1188:5

southern [3] - 1188:25;

1189:1

Southern [1] - 1053:17

space [3] - 1170:20; 1176:4;

1194:20

spacing [2] - 1200:7, 10

spatially [2] - 1055:2; 1190:4

speaking [2] - 1122:5;

1166:24

special [1] - 1193:21

specialist [1] - 1037:12

species [24] - 1038:3;

1040:21, 23; 1046:8, 13;

1047:1; 1072:11, 15;

1074:5, 8, 10, 21; 1093:2,

19; 1094:9; 1096:5;

1157:2, 16; 1158:16;

1177:21; 1178:8

species-specific [2] -

1038:3; 1046:13

specific [17] - 1036:12;

1038:3; 1046:13; 1049:23;

1057:22; 1058:20;

1059:14; 1060:12, 20;

1063:18; 1065:18, 20;

1087:9; 1113:20; 1118:18;

1167:2; 1191:2

specifically [7] - 1061:9;

1088:10, 12, 14; 1185:12;

1189:1, 14

specifications [1] - 1190:2

specifics [1] - 1063:5

specify [1] - 1071:4

speculate [1] - 1086:3

speculation [1] - 1078:11

speculative [2] - 1078:2, 4

speller [2] - 1181:20;

1182:11

SPELLER [4] - 1024:16;

1032:13; 1094:23; 1181:7

spent [2] - 1126:8; 1200:24

spirit [1] - 1150:7

spoken [1] - 1029:7

SPOKEN [4] - 1024:3, 22;

1029:17; 1068:7

spot [3] - 1079:5; 1080:10;

1137:1

spread [1] - 1048:19

spruce [1] - 1056:22

SRD [1] - 1159:12

St [1] - 1070:19

stability [3] - 1107:5;

1192:19; 1196:8

STAFF [2] - 1025:11; 1166:8

staff [3] - 1071:2, 10;

1166:15

stakeholder [1] - 1099:5

stakeholders [3] - 1087:24;

1127:19; 1150:2

stand [1] - 1056:19

standards [1] - 1083:25

start [8] - 1029:13; 1042:23;

1093:20; 1128:20; 1167:8;

1182:7; 1187:16

started [1] - 1154:10

starting [1] - 1167:19

starts [1] - 1047:24

state [7] - 1041:23; 1049:9;

1090:20; 1113:16;

1134:19; 1138:25; 1174:15

STATEMENT [5] - 1026:6, 9;

1028:7; 1068:16; 1165:3

Statement [9] - 1068:12;

1086:11; 1091:12; 1102:4,

19; 1116:20; 1117:15;

1118:8, 20

statement [6] - 1051:1;

1079:12; 1164:10; 1184:7;

1185:16; 1197:22

states [15] - 1039:8; 1040:14;

1041:3; 1043:15; 1168:3;

1176:24; 1177:10;

1179:12; 1182:16; 1183:2,

13; 1184:21; 1186:8;

1191:22; 1196:24

Status [1] - 1022:15

status [2] - 1059:11; 1167:22

Stephen [1] - 1023:15

steps [3] - 1104:5, 23;

1159:6

sterilization [3] - 1151:9;

1202:5, 25

sterilize [2] - 1202:16;

1203:2

sterilized [3] - 1148:9;

1151:17

sterilizes [1] - 1151:1

Steven [1] - 1021:17

stewardship [1] - 1150:17

Stewart [1] - 1023:5

still [13] - 1029:8; 1068:10;

1073:6; 1089:21; 1109:5;

1145:11; 1148:12, 19;

1150:25; 1152:6; 1159:12;

1175:7; 1185:18

stock [1] - 1086:4

stockpile [3] - 1170:8;

1173:25; 1176:9

stockpiled [2] - 1170:3;

1176:21

STOCKPILES [2] - 1028:16;

1175:20

stockpiles [9] - 1170:11;

1172:4, 7, 9, 13; 1173:1,

20; 1174:1; 1176:4

stockpiling [1] - 1176:8

stop [3] - 1142:17; 1166:13;

1167:5

storage [7] - 1170:21;

1175:25; 1191:16;

1194:11, 14; 1195:18;

1196:1

store [1] - 1171:17

story [4] - 1079:4, 7; 1080:9,

12

strata [1] - 1197:14

stratas [1] - 1198:8

strategies [1] - 1085:11

strategy [2] - 1137:18;

1160:3

Strategy [1] - 1043:9

streams [1] - 1154:16

stripped [1] - 1171:6

strong [1] - 1197:25

structure [6] - 1040:22;

1060:23; 1067:23;

1190:21; 1191:7; 1200:25

structures [3] - 1100:15;

1161:12; 1183:6

student [1] - 1035:21

studies [8] - 1037:22-24;



26

1076:9; 1077:11, 21;

1098:22; 1146:12

Study [4] - 1047:14; 1050:7;

1052:4; 1056:14

STUDY [2] - 1027:7; 1050:17

study [1] - 1074:14

subgroup [1] - 1180:4

subject [13] - 1034:12;

1045:16; 1053:7; 1059:2;

1088:17; 1092:7; 1130:22;

1132:6; 1145:23; 1147:4;

1151:11; 1186:20; 1187:5

submission [3] - 1092:18;

1138:2; 1149:3

Submission [2] - 1093:22;

1175:13

submissions [3] - 1130:12;

1141:13

submitted [3] - 1145:24;

1167:23; 1194:7

SUBMITTED [4] - 1026:4, 7;

1030:7; 1068:18

subscribed [1] - 1205:13

subsequent [1] - 1114:14

SUBSEQUENT [2] - 1027:12;

1114:23

subsidiary [2] - 1105:5;

1108:21

substantial [5] - 1063:12;

1071:25; 1072:22;

1073:19; 1183:21

substantively [1] - 1054:5

substrate [3] - 1067:13, 20,

22

subsurface [8] - 1060:22;

1064:16; 1189:19, 22;

1190:22; 1199:6; 1201:12

successful [3] - 1065:11;

1144:8; 1157:15

succession [1] - 1177:17

sufficient [4] - 1111:15;

1170:20; 1190:14; 1194:10

suggest [6] - 1073:25;

1132:21; 1138:19;

1157:24; 1175:9; 1187:2

suggesting [3] - 1139:5, 17;

1158:14

suggestion [2] - 1171:15;

1172:3

suggests [1] - 1118:20

suitability [1] - 1047:13

summarize [2] - 1047:23;

1150:1

Summary [1] - 1071:22

summary [3] - 1040:8;

1110:11; 1139:3

Suncor [3] - 1053:17;

1072:5; 1179:22

Sunshine [2] - 1053:18

Supplemental [7] - 1116:2,

7; 1168:11, 17; 1183:11;

1184:19

Supplementary [3] -

1092:11; 1093:7, 12

supply [4] - 1077:3, 7, 12;

1088:15

support [3] - 1111:5;

1134:25; 1149:21

supported [1] - 1149:2

supportive [1] - 1108:15

supports [1] - 1067:8

suppose [2] - 1137:21;

1176:1

surface [7] - 1061:3; 1124:5;

1167:14; 1184:12; 1201:1,

22, 25

surfaces [2] - 1200:7, 12

surprised [2] - 1198:22, 24

surrounding [1] - 1178:6

surveillance [2] - 1097:18;

1100:3

survey [1] - 1072:18

surveys [1] - 1201:6

sustainability [1] - 1177:17

Sustainable [3] - 1157:5;

1158:1, 25

sustainable [1] - 1087:18

swallow [1] - 1072:13

swallows [1] - 1073:14

sweetheart [6] - 1133:10, 12;

1134:23; 1135:14, 22;

1138:20

SWORN [2] - 1024:5;

1031:17

Syncrude [5] - 1023:7;

1072:7; 1179:22; 1203:6,

17

SYNCRUDE'S [2] - 1028:19;

1188:5

Syncrude's [1] - 1188:1

system [10] - 1033:24;

1034:3; 1035:3, 20;

1036:2, 9; 1073:6;

1103:18; 1123:5

System [4] - 1103:11, 17;

1105:15; 1123:5

systems [2] - 1035:7, 16

T

T30 [3] - 1028:19; 1188:1, 6

T9H [1] - 1020:25

tab [4] - 1103:6; 1112:4, 7,

24

Tab [5] - 1103:7; 1106:15;

1109:5; 1112:23; 1115:15

table [2] - 1040:11; 1174:7

TABLE [2] - 1028:14;

1175:17

Table [35] - 1030:21, 25;

1093:21; 1094:2; 1095:13;

1109:19; 1111:19; 1170:6,

16; 1171:12, 17-19;

1172:2, 23; 1173:5, 15, 18,

24; 1174:2, 19, 24; 1175:4;

1178:2, 14, 18, 21; 1179:4;

1180:14, 19, 23; 1181:3, 8

tables [1] - 1175:1

tagging [1] - 1199:25

tags [1] - 1197:17

tailing [1] - 1188:24

Tailings [5] - 1083:6;

1091:16; 1097:19;

1186:13; 1194:6

tailings [29] - 1033:2, 23;

1036:10, 14, 22; 1073:10,

16; 1089:25; 1090:14;

1094:21; 1096:9, 20;

1097:6, 17, 22; 1098:6, 9,

11; 1100:22; 1101:1;

1167:14; 1186:21; 1189:5,

18; 1190:8; 1191:6;

1194:24; 1195:24

talks [1] - 1156:1

tank [1] - 1077:21

Tara [1] - 1021:16

target [1] - 1160:15

task [4] - 1054:7, 22; 1065:2,

4

tea [1] - 1101:7

teaches.. [2] - 1078:22;

1080:3

team [2] - 1070:20; 1073:21

technical [2] - 1146:9

technically [1] - 1117:25

techniques [9] - 1060:20, 22,

25; 1062:14, 18; 1066:8,

15; 1184:24; 1202:1

temporary [6] - 1149:21;

1150:4; 1152:1; 1169:8,

13, 15

tend [2] - 1042:15; 1111:4

tendered [1] - 1155:25

tending [1] - 1172:18

tenor [1] - 1140:7

term [8] - 1066:7; 1078:3;

1083:12; 1084:11;

1087:22; 1132:13; 1192:9

terminology [1] - 1103:25

Terms [2] - 1090:2, 20

terms [15] - 1034:20;

1035:25; 1080:22;

1087:23; 1095:2; 1103:25;

1122:2; 1127:18; 1141:16,

23; 1145:17; 1149:11;

1152:5; 1161:13; 1163:4

terrace [1] - 1184:2

terraced [3] - 1183:7; 1184:9,

15

terraces [7] - 1183:8, 16;

1185:5, 15, 20, 22

terracing [3] - 1185:3, 10;

1186:1

terrestrial [3] - 1030:19, 22;

1031:2

tested [1] - 1035:21

text [1] - 1148:14

THAT [28] - 1027:8, 11, 14,

19, 22; 1028:7, 9, 11,

15-17; 1050:19; 1114:22;

1119:5; 1124:24; 1146:22;

1165:4, 6, 9-10; 1175:19

THE [127] - 1020:1, 3, 5-6,

8-9, 11; 1024:22; 1025:6,

9, 12-13; 1026:6; 1027:6,

12, 14, 17, 21-23;

1028:5-7, 9-12, 14-16, 19;

1029:4; 1030:1, 4;

1031:13; 1050:16-18;

1068:4, 7-8, 14, 17-18;

1069:4, 7; 1089:2, 4, 11;

1101:9, 15, 20, 25;

1114:23; 1117:12; 1119:4;

1121:11; 1123:15;

1124:22; 1134:8, 17;

1135:5; 1136:10; 1137:4,

20; 1138:24; 1139:8, 22,

25; 1140:14, 25; 1141:4,

12; 1142:12, 24; 1143:10,

15; 1146:21-24; 1164:4;

1165:3, 6-7, 9-10, 15, 19;

1166:1, 5; 1175:16-20;

1188:4; 1204:7

themselves [4] - 1057:17;

1095:10; 1125:15; 1158:3

THERE [10] - 1027:10, 17-19;

1114:19, 22; 1124:21, 24

thereafter [1] - 1205:9

thereby [1] - 1184:13

therefore [2] - 1157:17;

1158:16

therein [1] - 1137:11

thereof [1] - 1096:13

they've [2] - 1054:12; 1135:8

thickened [1] - 1189:18

Thickwood [1] - 1053:19

think-tank [1] - 1077:21

thinks [1] - 1100:15

third [3] - 1062:9; 1115:13;

1119:15

thirty [1] - 1089:13

THIS [4] - 1027:15; 1028:9;

1119:7; 1165:7

Thomas [1] - 1022:23

Thonney [1] - 1021:20

thorough [1] - 1161:1

THOSE [4] - 1027:18, 20;

1124:23, 25

three [21] - 1032:25; 1054:1;



27

1074:22; 1075:2, 6, 10;

1097:15; 1106:21;

1107:25; 1108:14;

1112:22; 1113:5; 1120:17;

1143:2, 4; 1168:1;

1169:21; 1170:12;

1176:22; 1182:8

three-year [1] - 1074:22

throughout [4] - 1055:8;

1066:12; 1111:2; 1127:11

throwing [2] - 1132:17;

1135:7

tight [1] - 1084:14

tighter [1] - 1200:10

timely [1] - 1086:22

timing [2] - 1030:14; 1031:12

tissue [4] - 1155:20; 1160:6,

8

title [2] - 1079:18; 1094:3

TO [52] - 1020:1, 18; 1024:3,

22; 1025:10, 13; 1026:4;

1027:5, 7, 9, 12-14, 16-19,

21-22; 1028:5, 7, 10, 14,

16-18; 1029:17; 1030:6;

1050:15, 18; 1068:7;

1114:19, 23; 1119:4;

1124:20-23, 25; 1146:21,

23; 1164:4; 1165:3, 8;

1175:16, 19, 21; 1188:4

today [5] - 1042:9; 1085:5;

1101:6; 1119:23; 1167:17

toe [2] - 1188:15; 1190:5

together [2] - 1022:20;

1052:5

TOGETHER [2] - 1024:23;

1068:8

took [3] - 1118:11; 1126:11;

1148:25

top [3] - 1064:17; 1079:17;

1106:19

topography [2] - 1182:20, 22

Tore [1] - 1023:3

total [4] - 1034:10, 17;

1043:17; 1163:11

TOTAL [1] - 1023:8

totally [1] - 1055:5

Tough [1] - 1021:17

tours [1] - 1098:4

toward [1] - 1149:24

towards [2] - 1087:18;

1104:25

township [2] - 1162:22, 25

TOWNSHIP [2] - 1028:6;

1164:6

Township [4] - 1162:25;

1163:1, 5, 21

Townships [3] - 1162:25;

1163:1, 23

toxic [1] - 1101:1

trade [1] - 1150:16

trade-off [1] - 1150:16

traditional [1] - 1146:12

trail [1] - 1043:5

train [2] - 1071:2; 1082:20

trained [4] - 1073:5; 1074:7,

10; 1099:14

transcribed [1] - 1205:9

transcript [1] - 1205:10

transfer [1] - 1059:15

Trapper [1] - 1094:6

trapper [1] - 1095:19

trapping [1] - 1041:16

travels [1] - 1204:12

Treaty [1] - 1096:12

trees [2] - 1042:16; 1058:11

trends [2] - 1044:11; 1088:19

Trevis [1] - 1021:20

triggered [1] - 1160:4

trophic [2] - 1157:16;

1158:15

trophic-level [1] - 1158:15

true [1] - 1205:9

truly [1] - 1086:12

try [6] - 1048:17; 1081:5;

1141:7; 1152:7; 1172:1;

1199:7

trying [8] - 1056:21; 1064:21;

1081:21; 1083:5; 1159:3;

1179:16; 1187:10; 1197:24

TT [1] - 1187:14

Tuesday [8] - 1029:10;

1035:1, 25; 1036:11;

1037:4, 14, 16; 1039:6

tunnels [1] - 1066:12

turn [18] - 1062:18; 1103:5;

1106:15, 17; 1109:4;

1112:4, 7; 1123:8;

1125:18; 1130:4; 1137:15;

1139:4; 1147:2, 5;

1162:16; 1167:1, 6;

1181:13

turnaround [1] - 1173:10

turned [1] - 1063:8

turning [1] - 1147:3

turns [3] - 1070:15; 1114:13;

1190:23

TURNS [2] - 1027:11;

1114:22

twinned [1] - 1043:4

two [23] - 1029:19; 1060:9;

1063:23; 1069:1, 14;

1078:7; 1089:9; 1102:7;

1109:25; 1126:15; 1132:8;

1138:15; 1143:1; 1147:22;

1148:2; 1152:17; 1162:14,

25; 1176:6; 1182:8, 15;

1190:12

twofold [1] - 1135:12

type [5] - 1042:2; 1065:16;

1066:11; 1086:25; 1161:2

types [12] - 1046:2; 1100:15;

1112:22; 1122:9; 1159:9;

1170:17; 1177:13; 1178:2,

10, 14; 1179:3; 1201:22

typically [5] - 1041:8;

1057:10; 1073:12, 15;

1111:4

U

U.S [2] - 1065:14; 1084:2

ultimate [2] - 1104:25;

1190:19

ultimately [4] - 1084:21;

1086:8; 1120:21; 1172:12

unacceptable [1] - 1136:8

unaware [1] - 1036:18

uncertainty [2] - 1054:23;

1084:17

unclear [1] - 1180:17

uncovered [1] - 1202:20

under [16] - 1040:11;

1093:22; 1094:13;

1105:14; 1106:19;

1107:14; 1109:5, 9;

1112:23; 1126:3; 1138:19;

1164:13; 1165:24; 1180:4;

1182:9

UNDER [2] - 1028:10; 1165:7

underestimate [1] - 1180:11

underlain [1] - 1193:4

underneath [1] - 1055:3

understandings [1] -

1116:14

undertake [10] - 1063:21;

1094:16; 1099:12; 1114:2,

15; 1118:21; 1122:16;

1124:12; 1162:23; 1173:7

undertaken [2] - 1098:21;

1134:13

UNDERTAKING [28] -

1026:4, 15, 17; 1027:4, 9,

13, 16, 21; 1028:5, 7,

13-14, 18; 1030:7; 1031:5;

1050:15; 1114:19; 1119:4;

1124:20; 1143:18, 22;

1146:21; 1164:4; 1165:3;

1166:3; 1175:16; 1188:4

undertaking [28] - 1029:24;

1030:12; 1031:8; 1033:8;

1048:13, 25; 1050:10;

1059:1, 6; 1114:4;

1125:17; 1136:25; 1146:6,

14; 1162:15; 1163:3, 19;

1164:9, 19; 1165:21;

1173:9; 1175:24; 1187:13,

22-23; 1198:25; 1199:1, 19

UNDERTAKINGS [4] -

1024:3; 1027:1; 1028:1;

1029:17

undertakings [4] - 1029:19;

1048:15; 1049:20; 1143:2

underwater [2] - 1064:22, 25

undisturbed [1] - 1045:6

unfold [3] - 1081:1, 7;

1084:20

unfortunately [1] - 1062:16

unhealthy [2] - 1157:10;

1161:20

uninformed [1] - 1078:14

unintended [1] - 1072:23

unique [3] - 1066:3; 1067:15;

1135:21

unit [1] - 1204:9

University [7] - 1069:18;

1070:2; 1072:2; 1073:20;

1076:11; 1079:16

unknown [1] - 1055:6

unless [2] - 1167:1; 1170:19

unlike [2] - 1098:8

unlikely [2] - 1098:20;

1099:15

Unlimited [1] - 1179:24

unlined [1] - 1196:6

unnecessary [1] - 1158:4

unreasonable [1] - 1135:10

untouched [1] - 1201:16

up [32] - 1032:24; 1033:7;

1043:12; 1044:4, 25;

1053:6, 8, 23; 1055:21;

1058:1; 1070:15; 1083:17;

1084:25; 1096:6, 11;

1102:13; 1105:8; 1108:7;

1138:22; 1140:6; 1147:20;

1152:4; 1155:10; 1167:1,

6; 1170:18; 1185:18;

1194:21; 1198:7; 1199:10,

16; 1201:24

UPDATE [6] - 1027:6;

1028:14; 1050:16, 18;

1175:16

update [6] - 1048:20;

1173:18; 1175:10;

1190:18; 1191:6; 1192:11

Update [6] - 1050:6, 8;

1169:23; 1170:6; 1171:20;

1182:15

updated [4] - 1103:22;

1173:7; 1175:5; 1189:22

UPDATED [2] - 1028:15;

1175:17

updating [1] - 1031:9

upper [6] - 1149:12, 19;

1151:19; 1152:12; 1153:6;

1185:5

upward [1] - 1065:24

upwards [1] - 1201:5

useful [4] - 1062:18;

1080:21; 1165:17; 1188:22



28

uses [1] - 1105:17

USING [2] - 1027:6; 1050:16

usual [1] - 1142:15

Utilities [1] - 1111:24

V

valley [1] - 1093:18

value [2] - 1085:25; 1093:3

van [1] - 1021:17

VANDENBERG [2] -

1024:11; 1032:2

variable [1] - 1182:19

variant [1] - 1076:8

variation [9] - 1071:25;

1072:8, 20, 22, 24;

1073:19; 1074:15, 25;

1075:1

variations [2] - 1073:1;

1188:10

varied [1] - 1046:14

varies [2] - 1042:12; 1044:3

variety [2] - 1046:16;

1065:16

various [7] - 1046:2;

1052:10; 1062:13; 1073:9;

1083:25; 1097:5; 1190:7

vary [6] - 1038:8, 25; 1042:1;

1046:11; 1055:1

vast [1] - 1160:20

venture [10] - 1107:19, 22,

24-25; 1108:4, 10, 14;

1125:10; 1148:6

version [1] - 1177:7

versus [2] - 1064:3; 1077:18

via [2] - 1097:14; 1192:13

viable [1] - 1150:23

vibrant [1] - 1162:3

Vice [1] - 1105:2

vicinity [2] - 1039:13; 1040:4

view [21] - 1077:13; 1081:1,

4, 20; 1082:6, 16; 1085:14,

17; 1096:11; 1097:22;

1100:13; 1115:1; 1120:4,

19; 1124:9; 1129:25;

1130:3; 1136:22; 1137:24;

1162:13

viewed [1] - 1097:22

views [3] - 1078:15; 1087:7;

1136:7

visually [1] - 1043:24

Volume [14] - 1030:20;

1069:23; 1102:25; 1123:8;

1147:6; 1162:17; 1168:3;

1177:9; 1178:19; 1186:7;

1191:21; 1196:23; 1203:4

VOLUME [3] - 1020:17;

1028:15; 1175:18

volume [3] - 1079:16;

1173:19; 1191:13

volumes [4] - 1060:24;

1170:7, 15; 1172:16

W

waiting [2] - 1068:10;

1075:10

walked [1] - 1058:9

wall [1] - 1196:17

walls [2] - 1184:13; 1203:21

Wang [1] - 1021:16

wants [1] - 1156:18

warning [1] - 1157:2

WAS [6] - 1027:6, 8;

1028:11; 1050:15, 19;

1165:10

waste [3] - 1090:15; 1194:12,

17

Water [6] - 1099:2; 1115:14,

20; 1116:15; 1119:15;

1120:14

water [12] - 1064:5, 9;

1065:23; 1066:22;

1149:18; 1155:8; 1167:14;

1177:19; 1183:19;

1193:13, 15; 1203:16

waterbodies [2] - 1073:10;

1095:25

waterbody [1] - 1075:1

watercourses [1] - 1153:12

waterfowl [1] - 1074:20

watershed [2] - 1098:10;

1157:16

watersheds [1] - 1158:17

WAYNE [2] - 1024:16;

1032:13

ways [5] - 1053:1; 1064:18;

1081:6; 1100:23; 1157:12

web [1] - 1113:25

website [1] - 1116:24

week [6] - 1068:22; 1100:11,

24; 1101:8; 1174:10, 12

welcome [2] - 1102:11;

1156:9

well-grounded [1] - 1088:18

wells [1] - 1203:22

WERE [4] - 1027:10, 22;

1114:20; 1146:23

west [1] - 1153:18

Westman [1] - 1023:9

wet [1] - 1182:7

Wetland [1] - 1177:4

wetland [13] - 1057:7;

1058:3; 1177:18; 1178:10,

21; 1179:3, 10, 13; 1180:1,

15, 23; 1182:9

Wetlands [1] - 1179:25

wetlands [22] - 1057:19;

1177:2, 12, 20-21; 1178:1,

8, 13; 1179:8, 14, 18;

1180:5, 7, 11; 1181:1, 9,

11, 13, 15, 19; 1182:1, 8

wetting [1] - 1192:18

WHAT [2] - 1027:8; 1050:19

whatnot [1] - 1158:5

WHEN [4] - 1027:5, 11;

1050:15; 1114:21

WHERE [4] - 1027:21, 23;

1146:22, 24

whereas [2] - 1042:5; 1072:2

WHEREOF [1] - 1205:13

WHETHER [2] - 1027:17;

1124:21

WHICH [2] - 1027:15; 1119:6

whichever [2] - 1161:18

whilst [1] - 1067:20

whole [5] - 1052:20;

1053:23; 1054:23;

1057:15; 1134:7

wholly [1] - 1105:4

wholly-owned [1] - 1105:4

wide [3] - 1037:22; 1042:9;

1091:22

wider [2] - 1188:14

wiggle [3] - 1190:2, 4, 9

wildlife [18] - 1037:7, 11;

1038:18; 1039:4, 17;

1040:18; 1042:18, 22;

1045:17; 1046:3; 1056:4;

1093:3; 1094:10; 1095:7;

1096:4, 11; 1155:22;

1159:13

Wildlife [1] - 1037:18

WILL [4] - 1026:6; 1028:16;

1068:16; 1175:20

Will-Say [1] - 1068:11

WILL-SAY [2] - 1026:6;

1068:16

willing [1] - 1124:2

winter [8] - 1042:5; 1054:9;

1055:7, 18; 1057:8, 10-11;

1058:4

wish [2] - 1102:12; 1128:21

wished [1] - 1062:11

WITH [8] - 1024:23; 1027:5;

1028:7, 10; 1050:15;

1068:8; 1165:3, 8

withdrawn [1] - 1130:10

witness [1] - 1068:24

WITNESS [3] - 1024:5;

1031:16; 1205:13

witnesses [2] - 1068:25;

1090:2

WITNESSES [2] - 1024:5;

1031:16

wolves [1] - 1041:18

wonder [2] - 1186:23; 1203:7

wondering [10] - 1065:17;

1067:7; 1070:22; 1071:7;

1073:1; 1077:1; 1078:1;

1079:24; 1090:19; 1197:9

Wood [1] - 1023:3

Woodland [1] - 1043:9

word [7] - 1078:5; 1082:12,

16; 1132:17; 1140:15

words [3] - 1040:9; 1110:22;

1153:22

works [5] - 1036:2; 1104:2,

23; 1126:22; 1159:5

world [11] - 1065:12;

1066:12; 1079:3; 1080:8;

1081:1, 7, 17; 1083:11;

1098:1, 10

world-class [1] - 1098:1

worst [3] - 1034:21; 1096:8;

1099:20

worst-case [2] - 1096:8;

1099:20

worth [1] - 1204:4

worthwhile [1] - 1181:3

worthy [1] - 1104:7

wraps [1] - 1096:6

writes [2] - 1078:19; 1080:2

written [3] - 1033:8; 1059:1

Y

year [12] - 1034:9, 16;

1035:24; 1048:19, 21;

1074:22, 24; 1097:16;

1160:19; 1161:4; 1172:20

year's [1] - 1074:24

years [13] - 1031:2; 1043:20;

1060:9; 1063:23; 1074:24;

1075:2, 7, 10; 1076:3;

1080:20; 1083:19;

1168:15; 1172:19

yesterday [7] - 1029:7, 19;

1030:13; 1031:8; 1033:9;

1059:2; 1150:8

Yetimgeta [1] - 1021:15

yield [1] - 1060:16

YOU [2] - 1027:11; 1114:21

YOUR [4] - 1027:11;

1028:12; 1114:21; 1165:11

yourself [4] - 1045:16;

1046:1; 1129:11; 1140:8

Z

ZALIK [6] - 1024:24;

1069:12, 16; 1079:14;

1089:1, 3

Zalik [3] - 1023:10; 1069:10;

1089:4

zero [3] - 1072:8; 1178:23;

1180:23



29

zone [15] - 1037:24; 1038:6,

12, 16, 20; 1039:2, 23;

1044:19; 1045:11, 14;

1066:10; 1096:5; 1181:16

zones [17] - 1038:2, 23, 25;

1040:12; 1044:23; 1045:8;

1046:7, 9, 11, 21; 1066:5;

1177:18, 25; 1179:2, 14;

1181:25; 1182:6

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