i i ~·: i ~:second i · 2020. 2. 14. · belief in god-mitzvah 25 the ten commandments v. the ten...
TRANSCRIPT
BE
LIE
F IN
GO
D-
MIT
ZV
AH
25
The
Ten
Com
man
dmen
ts v
. T
he T
en U
ttera
nces
(I)
Sefe
r H
aChi
nuch
's C
ount
ing
25.
The
mitz
vah
of b
elie
f in
the
exis
tenc
e o
f the
Ete
rnal
Lor
d, b
e H
e bl
esse
d
26.
Tha
t we
shou
ld n
ot b
elie
ve in
any
div
inity
but
the
Ete
rnal
Lor
d al
one,
27.
Not
to m
ake
a gr
aven
im
age,
28.
Not
to p
rost
ate
ones
elf i
n id
ol-w
orsh
ip, 2
9. N
ot to
wor
ship
an
idol
in
the
way
it i
s cu
stom
arily
w
orsh
ippe
d
30. N
ot to
sw
ear
in v
ain
31. T
he p
rece
pt o
f hal
low
ing
the
Sabb
ath
in w
ords
, 32
. N
ot to
do
any
wor
k on
the
Sab
bath
33.
The
pre
cept
of h
onor
ing
one'
s fa
ther
and
mot
her
34.
Not
to m
urde
r an
inn
ocen
t m
an
35.
Not
to u
ncov
er th
e na
kedn
ess
of a
noth
er's
wife
36.
Not
to k
idna
p an
y Je
wis
h pe
rson
37.
Not
to b
ear f
alse
witn
ess
38.
Not
to c
ovet
wha
t bel
ongs
to
anot
her
(2)
The
Mek
hilta
, Y
itro
In w
hat f
orm
wer
e th
e T
en C
omm
andm
ents
giv
en?
With
five
on
the
firs
t tab
let a
nd f
ive
on t
he se
cond
. It
is w
ritte
n [o
n th
e fir
st t
able
t], 'I
am
the
Lor
d yo
ur G
od ..
. ,"
corr
espo
ndin
g to
whi
ch [
wef
md
on t
he
seco
nd t
able
t],
'You
sha
ll no
t mur
der.
• T
he T
orah
is te
achi
ng u
s th
at a
nyon
e w
ho s
pills
blo
od is
co
nsid
ered
as
thou
gh h
e de
trac
ts f
rom
the
imag
e o
f the
Kin
g ...
It i
s w
ritte
n [o
n th
e fi
rst t
able
t],
'You
sha
ll no
t hav
e ...
,' a
nd c
orre
spon
ding
ly [
on t
he s
econ
d ta
blet
], "Y
ou s
hall
not c
omm
it ad
ulte
ry."
The
Tor
ah is
te
achi
ng u
s ...
It is
writ
ten,
"Y
ou s
hall
not t
ake
the
Nam
e o
f the
Lor
d yo
ur G
od i
n va
in,"
and
co
rres
pond
ingl
y, "
You
sha
ll no
t ste
al."
The
Tor
ah is
tea
chin
g us
tha
t ste
alin
g w
ill l
ead
to a
fals
e oa
th .
.. th
e Sa
bbat
h vi
olat
or a
ttest
s fa
lsel
y th
at G
od d
id n
ot c
reat
e th
e w
orld
in s
ix d
nys
and
rest
on
the
seve
nth,
an
d th
e pe
rson
who
cov
ets
his
fello
w p
erso
n's
wife
will
end
by
fath
erin
g a
child
who
rej
ects
his
true
pa
rent
and
hon
ors
anot
her.
(3)
Ibn
Ezr
a, A
ccor
ding
to N
echa
ma
Lei
bow
itz
Tho
ught
-Sp
eech
-A
ctio
n
A:
Noa
h an
d hi
s so
ns (
Gen
6:1
0)
B: A
ll lif
e on
ear
th (
6:13
:a)
C: C
urse
on
eart
h (6
:13:
b)
D:
Floo
d an
noun
ced
(6:7
)
E:A
rk (
6:14
-16)
..
....
...
.. ,
F: A
ll liv
ing
crea
ture
s (6
:17-
20)
G: F
ood(
6:21
)
H:A
nirn
als
In m
an's
han
ds (
7:2-
3)
1: E
nter
ing
the
Ark
(7:
13-1
6)
J: W
ater
s in
crea
se (
7:17
-20)
X: G
od re
mem
bers
Noa
h (8
:1)
J: W
ater
s de
crea
se(8
:13-
14)
1': E
xitin
g th
e A
rk (
8:15
-19)
H':
Ani
mal
s (9
:2,3
)
G':
Food
(9:
3,4)
F':
All
livin
g cr
eatu
res
(9:1
Oa)
E':
Ark
(9:
10b)
·
D' :N
o fl
ood
in f
utur
e (9
: 11)
C':
Ble
ssin
g on
ear
th (9
: 12-
17)
B':
All
life
on
eart
h (9
:16)
.
I A:
Noa
h an
d hi
s so
ns (
9:18
,19a
) i
"
Ch
iasm
of t
he
num
bers
7, 4
0, a
nd 1
50
I a: S
even
day
s w~
ting
·t~ .;,
;tcr A
rk 'c
7,"4)
I ~:Seco
nd men
tion
ofoo
ven
days
wai
ting
('7:1
0)
i r: 4
0 da
y• (
7:17
)
Is: 1
so da
y• (7
:24)
I X: O
od r
em em
ben
Noa
h (8
:1)
r I 6':
150
days
(8:3
) i ! y
': 40
day
s (8
:6)
I I ~·: S
even
. da)
'IJ w~
ting fo
r do
ve (
8: I 0
)
i a':
Seco
nd s
even
day
s w
aitin
g fo
r do
ve (8
: 12)
I
L. .....
........
........
......
...........
.........
.. _ .. : _
__ , ..
........
......... ..
Bef
ore
thes
e an
cien
t lite
rary
con
vent
ions
wer
e re
cogn
ized
, fo
llow
ers
of t
he D
ocum
enta
ry
Hyp
othe
sis
expl
aine
d th
e re
petit
ion
by h
ypot
hesi
zing
two
diff
eren
t au
thor
s or
red
acto
rs.
The
repe
titio
n sh
ows
the
liter
ary
artis
try
of a
sin
gle
auth
or.
'
( 4) T
en C
omm
andm
ents
= 6
13 C
omm
andm
ents
Sefe
r H
aChi
nuch
416
"m..,
.,tln
'?~~
mm:n
n'?.
'ltK
IIIK
'.'ll
K
1111
;Tll
1\J
'1 '?.
'l.'l nl1S~ ~1n ;T
'StS
'lt ,l
l/ll
.'l '1
JTI
1111
1n'? mu~ M
"WIY
1111
'1111t
num
11/11
1 •n
11J1
miii
YJ
•n'?
'IJ •
M.'l
i'IJ
nntn
t:> 111
1~ ':
1 nn~. [
l"01
111
'0~
ct7
'IJ
K"I
P 1t
llY].
And
do
not w
onde
r to
say
, 'A
nd h
ow i
s it
in t
he h
and
of a
man
to p
reve
nt h
is h
eart
from
des
irin
g th
e st
oreh
ouse
of e
very
del
ight
ful v
esse
l tha
t he
sees
in
the
hand
of h
is f
ello
w, w
here
as h
e is
tota
lly e
mpt
y of
th
em;
and
how
doe
s th
e T
orah
bri
ng a
pre
vent
ion
abou
t tha
t whi
ch is
im
poss
ible
for
a m
an to
uph
old?
" A
s th
e th
ing
is no
t lik
e th
is,
and
only
sill
y ev
ildoe
rs a
nd t
hose
that
sin
with
thei
r so
uls
say
it. A
s tru
ly,
it is
in
tho
hand
of a
man
to p
reve
nt h
imse
lf a
nd h
is t
houg
hts
and
his
desi
res
from
any
thin
g th
at h
e w
ants
. A
nd [
it is
) w
ithin
his
con
trol
and
his
cog
niza
nce
to d
ista
nce
and
to b
ring
clo
se h
is w
ant f
or a
ll th
ings
acc
ordi
ng to
hi
s w
ill.
And
his
hea
rt is
giv
en i
nto
his
hand
; to
anyt
hing
that
he
wan
ts c
an h
e in
clin
e it.
And
God
-in
fr
ont
of W
hom
are
all
hidd
en t
hing
s-'se
arch
es a
ll th
e ro
oms
of th
e be
lly, s
ees
the
kidn
ey a
nd t
he h
eart
.' T
here
is n
ot o
ne fr
om a
ll of
the
thou
ghts
of m
an-
little
or
big,
goo
d or
bad
-th
at is
hid
den
from
Him
; an
d it
is no
t cov
ered
fro
m H
is e
yes.
[Hen
ce)
He
will
bri
ng v
enge
ance
upo
n th
ose
that
tran
sgre
ss H
is w
ill in
th
eir
hear
ts, a
nd 's
afeg
uard
s ki
ndne
ss fo
r th
e th
ousa
nds
[of g
ener
atio
ns J f
or t
hose
tha
t lov
e H
im,'
who
de
dica
te th
eir
thou
ghts
to H
is s
ervi
ce.
As
ther
e is
noth
ing
as g
ood
for
a m
an a
s go
od a
nd p
ure
thou
ght,
as
it is
the
begi
nnin
g of
all
actio
ns,
and
thei
r en
d. A
nd th
is i
s ap
pare
ntly
the
mat
ter
of th
e 'g
ood
hear
t.' th
at
the
Sage
s pr
aise
d in
Tractate~-
And
the
pro
of th
at th
ese
two
nega
tive
com
man
dmen
ts a
re d
iffe
rent
in th
eir
cont
ent a
nd c
onsi
dere
d tw
o [d
istin
ct c
omm
andm
ents
) is
that
whi
ch th
ey s
aid
in th
e M
ekhi
lta D
eRab
bi S
him
on b
ar Y
ocha
i 20
:14,
"Y
ou s
hall
not c
ovet
you
r ne
ighb
or's
hous
e' (E
xodu
s 20
:14)
, an
d ta
ler
it st
ates
, 'an
d yo
u sh
all n
ot d
esir
e,'
to m
ake
liabl
e fo
r th
e de
sire
on
its o
wn
and
for
the
cove
ting
on it
s ow
n.' A
nd th
ere,
it [
also
] sa
ys,
'Fro
m
whe
re [d
o I
know
) th
at if
he
desi
res,
his
end
will
be
to c
ovet
? [H
ence
,] w
e le
arn
to s
ay 'y
ou s
hall
not
desi
re' '
and
you
shal
l no
t cov
et.'
From
whe
re [d
o I k
now
) th
at if
a m
an c
ovet
ed,
his
end
will
be
to s
teal
? [H
ence
,) w
e le
arn
to s
ay 'T
hey
cove
t fie
lds,
and
ste
al' (
Mic
hoh
2:2)
."
And
it i
s pr
actic
ed in
eve
ry p
lace
and
at a
ll tim
es b
y m
ales
and
fem
ales
. A
ll pe
ople
of t
he w
orld
are
als
o ob
ligat
ed a
bout
it, s
ince
it is
a b
ranc
h of
the
com
man
dmen
t [ag
ains
t) th
eft,
whi
ch is
one
of t
he s
even
co
mm
andm
ents
that
all
peop
le o
f the
wor
ld w
ere
com
man
ded.
And
do
not e
rr,
rey
son,
with
thi
s w
ell
know
n ta
lly o
f the
sev
en c
omm
andm
ents
oft
he N
oach
ides
men
tione
d in
the
Tal
mud
S
hedr
ln 5
6b ;
as
trut
hful
ly t
hese
sev
en a
re [o
nly ]
like
gen
eral
pri
ncip
les,
but
they
hav
e m
any
deta
ils.
So y
ou w
ill f
ind
that
th
e pr
ohib
ition
of s
exua
l im
mor
ality
is c
onsi
dere
d fo
r th
em t
o be
one
com
man
dmen
t as
a ge
nera
l pr
inci
ple,
but
ther
e ar
e de
tails
in it
; su
ch a
s th
e pr
ohib
ition
of t
he m
othe
r, an
d th
e pr
ohib
ition
of t
he s
iste
r fr
om t
he m
othe
r's s
ide,
and
the
proh
ibiti
on o
f a m
arrie
d w
oman
, an
d th
e w
ife
of th
e fa
ther
, an
d th
e m
ale,
an
d th
e an
imal
(S
anhe
drin
58u
). A
nd s
o [to
o,)
the
mat
ter
of id
olat
ry i
s al
l con
side
red
one
com
man
dmen
t fo
r th
em, b
ut th
ere
are
man
y, m
any
deta
ils;
as b
ehol
d, t
hey
are
the
sam
e re
gard
ing
it as
Isr
ael,
sinc
e th
ey
are
liabl
e fo
r ev
eryt
hing
that
an
Isra
elite
cou
rt w
ould
kill
abo
ut (
Sqn
hedr
in S
6b).
Com
man
ding
Bel
ief
(1)
Ram
ban
(and
7 M
itzvo
th B
'nai
Noa
ch)
"In
orde
r th
at y
ou m
ay k
now
tha
t the
re is
non
e lik
e M
e in
all
the
land
." A
nd t
his
is th
e re
ason
for
the
cl
ause
, "W
ho b
roug
ht y
ou o
ut ..
. "-
for
they
kne
w a
nd w
ere
witn
esse
s to
all
of th
is.
(She
mot
20:
2)
(2)
Sefe
r HaC
hinu
ch 2
5 (a
nd 4
I 6)
The
com
man
dmen
t of b
elie
f In
God
: T
o be
lieve
that
the
wor
ld h
as o
ne G
od t
hat c
ause
d al
l tha
t exi
sts,
an
d th
at a
ll th
at is
, an
d w
as,
and
will
be
fore
ver
and
ever
, is
from
His
pow
er a
nd H
is w
ill;
and
that
He
took
us
out o
ut o
f Egy
pt a
nd g
ave
us t
he T
orah
-as
it i
s st
ated
{E
xodu
s 20
:2),
"I
am th
e L
ord,
you
r G
od,
who
took
you
out
of t
he la
nd o
f Egy
pt,
etc.
" A
nd it
s ex
plan
atio
n is
that
it is
as if
it s
aid,
"K
now
and
be
lieve
that
ther
e is
one
God
" -
sinc
e th
e w
ord,
I, i
ndic
ates
exi
sten
ce.
And
tha
t whi
ch it
sta
ted,
'w
ho to
ok
you
out,
etc.
,' is
to s
ay t
hat y
our
hear
ts n
ot s
educ
e yo
u to
take
the
mat
ter
of yo
ur l
eavi
ng th
e sl
aver
y of
E
gypt
and
the
plag
ues
of E
gypt
as
the
way
of h
appe
nsta
nce;
but
rath
er y
ou s
houl
d kn
ow t
hat I
am
the
One
w
ho to
ok y
ou o
ut w
ith w
ill a
nd p
rovi
denc
e-as
He
prom
ised
our
for
efat
hers
, A
vrah
am,
Yits
chak
and
Y
aako
v.
The
root
of t
his
com
man
dmen
t doe
s no
t nee
d el
ucid
atio
n. T
ho m
atte
r is
kno
wn
and
reve
aled
to a
ll th
at
this
bel
ief i
s th
e fo
unda
tion
of th
e re
ligio
n. a
nd th
at o
ne w
ho d
oes
not b
elie
ve in
it d
enie
s a
fund
amen
tal
prin
cipl
e an
d ha
s no
sha
re a
nd m
erit
with
Isr
ael.
And
the
con
tent
of t
he b
elie
f is
that
he
fiX i
n hi
s so
ul th
at
such
is t
he tr
uth
and
that
a c
hang
e o
f thi
s in
any
way
be
impo
ssib
le.
And
if h
e be
ask
ed a
bout
it, h
e w
ill
resp
ond
to a
ny e
nqui
rer t
hat h
is h
eart
bel
ieve
s th
is a
nd h
e w
ill n
ot a
ssen
t to
a ch
ange
in it
, eve
n if
they
say
th
ey w
ill k
ill h
im [
as a
resu
lt).
As
all
of th
is-
whe
n he
take
s th
e th
ing
from
the
pot
entia
l to
act
ualit
y, b
y w
hich
I m
oan
to s
ay w
hen
he p
uts
into
the
wor
ds o
f his
mou
th w
hat h
is h
eart
dec
ides
-st
reng
then
s an
d fiX
es t
he b
elie
f of t
he h
eart
.
(3)
Ibn
Ezr
a: L
ove,
Fea
r an
d C
lose
ness
/4
18
. The
pre
cept
of l
ove
for
G-d
(4
) R
amba
m
The
mos
t fun
dam
enta
l of
foun
datio
ns a
nd th
e pi
llar
of w
isdo
m is
to k
now
tha
t the
re is
a P
rim
ary
Bei
ng
Who
bro
ught
into
bei
ng a
ll of
exi
sten
ce,
and
that
all
that
exi
sts
in th
e he
aven
s an
d th
e ea
rth
and
wha
t is
betw
een
them
, ca
me
into
exi
sten
ce o
nly
by v
irtu
e of
the
trut
h of
His
Bei
ng ..
. T
his
entit
y is
the
God
of t
he
wor
ld,
mas
ter
of th
e en
tire
eart
h ...
And
the
kno
wle
dge
of th
is c
once
pt is
a p
ositi
ve c
omm
andm
ent,
as i
t is
wri
tten,
"I
am th
e L
ord
your
God
." (
Ram
bam
, Hilk
hot
Y es
odei
Ha-
Tor
ah I
: 1-6
)
In S
efer
HaM
itzvo
th, R
amba
m ig
nore
s th
e la
tter
part
of t
he v
erse
-"W
ho b
roug
ht y
ou o
ut o
f the
land
of
Egy
pt"-
and
does
not
cou
nt fa
ith i
n th
e ex
odus
fro
m E
gypt
as
one
of th
e pr
inci
ples
of f
aith
.
In c
ontr
ast,
R. Y
ehud
a H
a-L
evi,
in a
nsw
erin
g qu
estio
n of
"why
not
Cre
atio
n" n
otes
tha
t "fa
ith is
not
pr
imar
ily in
telle
ctua
l, bu
t rat
her
an i
nner
sta
te .
.. th
at c
an b
e at
tain
ed o
nly
by v
irtu
e of
the
colle
ctiv
e na
tiona
l mem
ory
that
is p
asse
d fr
om g
ener
atio
n to
gen
erat
ion:
the
mem
ory
of t
he e
xodu
s.
(5)
Rab
eynu
B'c
haya
and
the
Cha
zon
Ish
Hea
ling
& H
oloc
aust
'The
re is
an
erro
r in
und
erst
andi
ng fo
r m
any
peop
le a
bout
the
true
mea
ning
of t
rust
in H
ashe
m.
For
thes
e pe
ople
, the
y be
lieve
that
in e
very
situ
atio
n th
ere
is a
goo
d an
d ba
d, a
nd s
ince
Has
hem
is
good
, so
long
as
they
bel
ieve
and
tru
st in
Has
hem
the
good
will
pre
vail,
and
if t
he b
ad p
reva
ils,
it is
only
due
to th
eir
failu
re to
hav
e ge
nuin
e tr
ust i
n H
ashe
m.
Tha
t is
not t
he c
ase.
B
itac
hon
is m
alle
t of
trus
t tha
t the
re is
no
coin
cide
nce
in th
e w
orld
; ev
eryt
hing
that
tran
spir
es u
nder
the
sun
resu
lts f
rom
an
anno
unce
men
t fro
m
Him
, m
ay H
e be
ble
ssed
" (E
mun
ah V
'Bit
acho
n, b
egin
ning
of c
hapt
er 2
).
(6)
Rab
bi E
lcha
nan
Was
serm
an