NATIONAL HYDROELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION LTD.

CHAMERA –II (300 MW)HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT CHAMBA

HIMACHAL PRADESHINDIA

PRESENTED TO PRESENTED BY HUSAIN AHMED RANJEET KR. VERMA

(PROFESSOR) 110070105060 EE 4th YEAR, B3

INTRODUCTION OF HYDROELECTRICITY

• Hydroelectricity is term referring to electricity generated by hydropower. The production of electrical power through the use of gravitational force of flowing water.

• It is renewable source of energy.• 20% of power is generated through hydropower plant around

the world.• Hydro energy= K.E + P.E → Mechanical energy → Electrical

energy generation.

CONCEPT OF HYDROPOWER PLANT

TYPES OF HYDROPOWER PLANT (DAM) CONVENTIONAL DAM• Hydroelectric power comes from

the potential energy of dammed water driving a water turbine & generator.

• This power is depend on the volume & difference in height b/w source and water outlet.

RUN OF THE RIVER • This types of hydroelectric station

are those with no reservoir capacity.

• It is generally diverting the flow of water to the power house through barrage.

CALCULATING THE POWER (MW)

P=ηρQgh MW• P is power in mega-watt• η is dimensional efficiency of the turbine• ρ is density of water (kg/m3)• Q is discharge of water (m3/sec)• g is gravity (9.81m/sec2)• h is height b/w inlet & outlet (HEAD)• EXAMPLE:- Power is calculated for a turbine that is 85% efficient, with

water at 1000 kg/cubic meter (62.5 pounds/cubic foot) and a flow rate of 80 cubic-meters/second(2800 cubic-feet/second), gravity of 9.81 meters per second squared and with a net head of 145 m (480 ft)

Power(W)= 0.85*1000*80*9.81*145=96,726,600 W = 96.726 MW

CHAMERA-II HYDROPROJECT• Chamera II is run of river hydroelectric dam built by NHPC India. It is a 300

MW (3x100 MW) project built on the Ravi River in Himachal Pradesh. It was commissioned in March 2004.

POWER HOUSE• Type of power house : Underground

• Installed capacity: 300MW

• No. of generating unit : 3 (three, 100MW each)

• Annual energy generation: 1500 M.U

IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF POWER HOUSE

• A water turbine is a rotary engine that takes energy from moving water.

• Shaft connected to turbine runner at one end and another end to generator rotor.

• Electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy.

• Excitation system provide direct current to the synchronous generator field winding.

• Cooling system use of cooling.• Transformer step-up the voltage from 11 KV to

400 KV.• A substation/switchyard is a part of an electrical

generation, transmission, and distribution system, where voltage is transformed from high to low, or the reverse.

• Electric overhead crane found in most factories and power plant. These cranes are electrically operated by a control pendant, radio/IR remote pendant or from an operator cabin attached with the crane itself.

• TURBINE• SHAFT• GENERATOR• DC EXCITATION SYSTEM• COOLING SYETEM• TRANSFORMER• SWITCH YARD• PROTECTION SYSTEM• ELECTRIC OVERHEAD

TRAVELLING CRANE (EOT)

TYPES OF TURBINES A) Kaplan B) Francis C) Pelton

1. Kaplan:- The head ranges from 10–150 meters and the output from 5 to 200 MW. Runner diameters are between 2 and 11 meters. The range of the turbine rotation is from 80 to 430 rpm.

2. Francis:- The head ranges from 150-350 meters and the output from 10 to 750 MW. Runner diameters are between 2 and 11 meters. The range of the turbine rotation is from 80 to 1000 rpm.

3. Pelton:- The head ranges from 200–1800 meters and the output from 5 to 350 MW. Runner diameters is up to 4 meter.

TURBINE AND ITS ASSOCIATED PARTS

• Turbine works as a prime mover and coupled with rotor to rotate the rotor to generate power.

• In CHEP-II, Francis type turbine having a net head of 267 meters and rated output of 100 MW at a discharge of 42 m3/sec at a rated speed of 300 rpm.

• Water from a spiral casing enters through a 20 guide vanes and strikes at 13 blades of runner, which coupled to the turbine shaft.

• Turbine shaft is coupled to the intermediate shaft, which is coupled to Generator rotor.

• The opening of guide vanes depends upon the generation requirement.

• Water after striking the blades of runner falls axially in the draft tube.

• Francis turbine• Penstock• Guide vanes• Spiral casing• Servomotor • Draft tube

SOME ASSOCIATED PARTS OF TURBINE FLOOR

GENERATOR AND ITS ASSOCIATED PARTS

• 3-Phase Alternator of 100 MW (3 Units)• Armature winding, which provided on stator

exports AC power • the field winding on rotor is energized from

a DC source. • No. of poles -20• Rated continuous out put - 111.1 MVA• Maximum continuous output -125.0

MVA • Rated voltage -11 KV• Rated p.f. - 0.9• Rated current -5831 A• Rated frequency -50 Hz• Excitation -220 V

DC• Speed of rotor -300 RPM

• Stator• Rotor• Poles• Oil circulating system

WATER COOLING SYSTEM• Open loop systemIn open loop system water comes from the Penstock and after cooling it goes to the tail race.

• Closed loop systemIn closed loop system the water comes from the cooling pond and after cooling it returns to the cooling pond.

TRANSFORMERTRANSFORMER:- A transformer is an static device that is use to step-up and step-down the voltages through electromagnetic induction.

TRANSFORMER USED IN POWER HOUSE

Step up, Oil immersed transformer• Phase -Single phase (3 transformer used for each units) • Rated capacity - 41 MVA• Rated Freq. -50 Hz• HV Side -400/√3 KV (STAR)• LV Side -11 KV (DELTA)• Cooling -OF & WF

SWITCHYARD/SUBSTATION• A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and

distribution system.• A substation may include transformers to change voltage levels between

high transmission voltages and lower distribution voltages, or at the interconnection of two different transmission voltages.

THANK YOU