humanities 1013 assignment #2

8/13/2019 HUMANITIES 1013 Assignment #2

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Balano, Arianne Mae S.

BSEDMT I-1D

HUMA 1013 Introduction to the Humanities

Assignment #2:

1 Define: Elements of Arts are the basic properties of a work of art that may be perceived throughthe senses. In a painting, for instance, the properties that may be perceived through oursenses are texture, form, shape, color, line and value (tone). Other elements, for instancesound and time, may be perceived in other art forms such as music and video. The way theelements of an artwork relate to each other and are organized in the artwork are referred to

as the principles of art. Lines can suggest speed, solidity and purposefulness. Lines are the basic building blocks ofall art because they are the visual basics of all reality. In general terms, horizontal linessuggest passivity, while vertical lines suggest power and activity.Medium refers to the materials which are used by an artist. It is the means by which hecommunicates his ideas. Medium is very essential to art. Shape is an enclosed space defined by other elements of arts. Shapes may take on theappearance of two-dimensional or three-dimensional objects. Form is an element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume. Cubes, spheres,and cylinders are examples of various forms. Texture is the surface qualities of an object. They can be smooth, suggesting refinedtastes, or rough, suggesting toughness. Color is a property of light. Delight in color is a universal human characteristic. Colorpertains to the use of hue in artwork and design. Defined as primary colors (red, yellow,blue) which cannot be mixed in pigment from other hues, secondary colors (green, orange,

violet) which are directly mixed from combinations of primary colors? Hue is the dimension of color that gives color its name. Color names such as red, green,

violet and yellow indicate the color characteristic called hue. Value describes the lightness or darkness of a color. Value is needed to express Volume. Intensity it refers to the brightness or darkness of color. It gives color strength. Intensitydifferences may be described as full intensity, two-thirds intensity, two-thirds neutral andneutral. Perspective deals with the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of

which the eye judges spatial relationships. It enables us to perceive distance and to see theposition of objects in space. Space is the area provided for a particular purpose. Space includes the background,foreground and middle ground. Space refers to the distances or areas around, between and

within things. It has two kinds: negative and positive. Volume refers to the amount of space occupied in three dimensions. It therefore refers tosolidity or thickness. Symbol a thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material objectrepresenting something abstract.

2 Discuss the Elements of Visual Arts Whenever we see an art object, we cannot fail to notice several things: shape or form,

texture, space, and lines which the artist used in expressing his ideas. These are called theelements of the visual arts. All arts have certain elements of their own.

LINE


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Line is an important element at the disposal of every artist. Through the lines of a paintingor sculpture, the artist can make us know what the work is about. He uses lines to representfigures and forms.

Lines always have direction. They are always moving. Lines, as used in any work of art, mayeither be straight or curved.

Man usually lies prone when asleep or when at rest and stands erect when in action. Hestands stiff and straight when resistant or stern, and relaxes when in a playful mood and thelines of his body fall into easy curves. When one is in motion, he bends forward; when heencounters on opposing force, he braces against it. The greater the opposing force the sharper

will be the angle of his body and the straighter will be the line. We have learned that certain emotional states always find expression through definite

positions. We associate the emotions with the lines that define their accompanying positions. When given a work of art, we call upon unconscious with its accompanying emotional state.Straight lines are always associated with the ideas of steadiness and force, curved lines withflexibility, buoyancy, and grace. The straight line moves in one direction only. It may either behorizontal, vertical or diagonal.

Horizontal Lines These are lines of repose and serenity. They express ideas of calmnessand quiescence. Horizontal lines are found in reclining persons, in landscapes, calm bodies of

water and in the distant meeting of the earth and sky in what is commonly called the horizon .

Vertical Lines These are lines poised for action. They are poised, balanced, forceful, anddynamic. Vertical lines seen in a person standing straight, a tall tree. Statues of saints andheroes give an impression of dignity. Vertical lines also tend to express as well as arouseemotions of exaltation and inquietude and this is evident in monumental architecture.

Diagonal Lines It suggests action and movement. They give animation to any position in which they appear. Almost every object in action assumes a diagonal line. A running personmakes a diagonal line with his body and legs. The degree of action is shown by the angle of thediagonal.

Curved Lines It suggests grace, movement, flexibility, joyousness and grace. They are neverharsh or stern since they are formed by a gradual change in direction. They tend to impartthese qualities to any work where they are used. The curved lines of the womans body and thebamboo stem where according to Philippine legend, man and woman sprang, as depicted in amural by the late artist Carlos Francisco.

COLOR Delight in color is a universal human characteristic. Color is a property of light. When light

goes out, color goes with it.The white light of the sun contains all the colors of the spectrum; violet, indigo, blue, green,

yellow, orange and red. These colors are so blended that they yield no sensation of color. Whena beam of light passes through a prism, the different rays of color are separated so that we areable to see and identify them. When light strikes a surface, some of the color rays are absorbed

while others are reflected. Other pass through, especially when the object is transparent. Mostsurfaces absorb all the color rays except those which yield a single color sensation and thereforeappear to be of that color. Objects that appear to be black absorb practically all the color raysand reflect none, while objects that appear white reflect all the color rays equally. Gray is due tothe partial reflection of the color rays. White, gray and black have no color quality. They are

called theneutral colors.

Color has three dimensions or attributes: hue, vale and intensity.ue is the dimension of color that gives color its name. Color names such as red, green,

violet and yellow indicate the color characteristic called hue . Blue, red and yellow are theprimary hues. If these primary hues are mixed in equal parts, the secondary hues are produced.The secondary hues are orange, green and violet. Orange is produced by mixing red and yellow;green by mixing yellow and blue; and violet by mixing blue and red.


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Value refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. It is a quality which depends on theamount of light and dark in color.

Tints are vales above the normal and shades are values below the normal. Pink is a tint ofred, maroon is a shade of red. Sky-blue is a tint; navy-blue is a shade.

The value of hue can be changed. We raise it by adding more light to it so that it reflects

more light and lower it by reducing the light it can reflect.The third and last dimension of color is intensity. It refers to the brightness or darkness of

color. It gives color strength. Colors differ in intensity. Intensity differences may be described asfull intensity, two-thirds intensity, two-thirds neutral and neutral.

Color plays an important role in the work of an artist. Although painting is known as theart of color, color is also important in sculpture and architecture. Buildings are painted; bronzeis selected for its rich brown color and marble for its whiteness.

TEXTURE Texture is the element that deals more directly with the sense of touch. It has to do with

the characteristic of surfaces which can be rough or smooth, fine or coarse, shiny or dull, plainor irregular. Texture is best appreciated when an object is felt with the hands.

Texture is found in all visual arts. A painting, a building or a piece of sculpture has textures which are felt and described in a variety of ways. Texture is due primarily to differences inmedium. Texture can contribute to the total effect of the finished work of art.

PERSPECTIVE Perspective deals with the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of

which the eye judges spatial relationship. It enables us to perceive distance and to see theposition of objects in space. There are two kinds of perspective: linear perspective and aerial

perspective.

SPACE In painting as in architecture, space is of great importance. The exterior of a building is seen

as it appears in space while the interior is seen by one who is inside as enclosing space. Paintingdoes not deal with space directly. It represents space only on a two-dimensional surface.Sculpture has very little to do with space relationship or perception of space.

FORM Form applies to the overall design of a work of art. It describes the structure or shape of an

object. All the visual arts are concerned with form. Sculpture and architecture deal with three-

dimensional forms although sculpture deals with exterior form alone because we do not getinside a statue but we always get inside a building.

VOLUME The term volume refers to the amount of space occupied in three dimensions. It therefore

refers to solidity or thickness. We perceive volume in two ways: by contour lines or outlines orshapes of objects and by surface lights and shadows.

Because painting is two-dimensional, volume is an illusion because the surface of the canvasis flat. The painter can only suggest volume. To make his figures have the illusion of thickness,the painter decides arbitrarily from what direction he wants the light to fall. He then paints thelightest portions bright and those in shadows, dark.


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3 Define the Different Kinds of Lines

Horizontal Lines These are lines of repose and serenity. They express ideas of calmness andquiescence. Horizontal lines are found in reclining persons, in landscapes, calm bodies of

water and in the distant meeting of the earth and sky in what is commonly called thehorizon .Vertical Lines These are lines poised for action. They are poised, balanced, forceful, anddynamic. Vertical lines seen in a person standing straight, a tall tree. Statues of saints andheroes give an impression of dignity. Vertical lines also tend to express as well as arouseemotions of exaltation and inquietude and this is evident in monumental architecture.Diagonal Lines It suggests action and movement. They give animation to any position in

which they appear. Almost every object in action assumes a diagonal line. A running personmakes a diagonal line with his body and legs. The degree of action is shown by the angle ofthe diagonal.Curved Lines It suggests grace, movement, flexibility, joyousness and grace. They are neverharsh or stern since they are formed by a gradual change in direction. They tend to impartthese qualities to any work where they are used. The curve d lines of the womans body andthe bamboo stem where according to Philippine legend, man and woman sprang, asdepicted in a mural by the late artist Carlos Francisco.

humanities 1013 assignment #2

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