HSUPA Link Budget and Network DimensioningUMTS Network Planning Dept.March 2007

Course ObjectivesPrinciples of HSUPA link budgetPrinciples of HSUPA capacity dimensioningPrinciples of HSUPA CE dimensioningPrinciples of HSUPA Iub dimensioningAfter studying this course, you will be able to get familiar with:

ContentsTraining.huawei.comChapter 1 HSUPA Link BudgetChapter 2 HSUPA Capacity DimensioningChapter 3 HSUPA CE and Lub Dimensioning

Chapter 1 HSUPA Link BudgetSection 1 Principles of HSUPA Link BudgetSection 2 Difference in Link Budget Between HSUPA and R99Section 3 Tool Implementation

Principles of HSUPA Link BudgetHSUPA coverage requirements: throughput at the cell edgePurpose of HSUPA link budget: to calculate the coverage rate at the cell edge or the available coverage radius of HSUPA under a certain bearing rate.HSUPA link budget is based on the emulation results: The emulation results indicate the relationship between HSUPA Ec/No and throughput. Simulation condition SBLER = 30%

HSUPA Link Budget Process The HSUPA link budget process is similar to that of R99.At present, the power rollback of the UE is not considered in HSUPA link budget.Max. transmit power of UEUE antenna gainNode B antenna gainSoft handover gain to fast fadingSoft handover gain to slow fadingMacro diversity gainSlow fading marginFast fading marginInterference margin Body lossFeeder loss to connectorPenetration lossMaximum allowed path loss HSUPA uplink budget Receiving sensibility of Node B Antenna gain Soft handover gain Margin Loss Power rollback

HSUPA Link Budget Function 1Calculate the cell coverage radius according to the known rate at the cell edge. SimulationThroughput => Ec/NoEc/No. of the cell edgeRate at the cell edgeCell coverage radiusNode B receiving sensitivity Link budgetNode B receiving sensitivity = -108.16 + Node B noise coefficient + Ec/No

HSUPA Link Budget Function 2Calculate the rate at the cell edge according to the known cell coverage radius. Ec/No Received HSUPA signal strength of Node B at the cell edge - ( -108.16 + Node B noise coefficient )Link budget Simulation Ec/ No => throughput Ec/No of the cell edgeReceived HSUPA signal strength of Node B at the cell edgeRate at the cell edgeCell coverage radius

Chapter 1 HSUPA Link BudgetSection 1 Principles of HSUPA Link BudgetSection 2 Difference in Link Budget Between HSUPA and R99Section 3 Tool Implementation

Difference in Link Budget Between HSUPA and R99 (1/5)R99 link budgetThe requirements on different continuous coverage services differ in different scenarios.Calculate the cell radius according to such requirements as coverage services and quality target.The calculation focuses on uplink coverage.HSUPA link budget: to get the data rate of HSUPA at the cell edgeHSUPA link budget focuses on the uplink data rate at the cell edge.The cell radius should be based on R99 coverage.Coverage targetCapacity targetQuality targetLink budgetMaximum allowed path lossCell radiusCoverage area type Radio propagation parametersPropagation model

Difference in Link Budget Between HSUPA and R99 (2/5)Power rollback is not considered for R99 UEs.Transmitting power rollback of HSUPA UE is relatively significant.After HSUPA is introduced, there are more uplink channels: DPCCH, DPDCH, E-DPDCH, E-DPCCH and HS-DPCCH. The Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR) rises to cause UE transmit power to back off.When the HSUPA rate is low and DPCCH, DPDCH, E-DPDCH, HS-DPCCH and E-DPDCH all exist, the PAR is rather high and the power rollback is significant.When the HSUPA rate is high, HSUPA adopts the physical channel codes among {2SF4, 2SF2, 2SF2+2SF4}, and DPCCH, DPDCH, E-DPDCH, HS-DPCCH and E-DPDCH all exist, the PAR is low and the power rollback is insignificant.

Difference in Link Budget Between HSUPA and R99 (3/5)Even higher uplink load in HSUPA Fast Node B scheduling can effectively suppress the rise of uplink interference, that is, it can more precisely control uplink interference. Thus, HSUPA uplink can operate under a higher load. The simulation results of N company show that the average uplink ROT supported by the HSUPA system is 1 dB higher than the original R99 (4 dB) under the same overload condition (ROT > 6 dB). Therefore, HSUPA can operate under a higher target load.50% UL Load 3dBThe uplink load in R99 is usually no more than 50%.

Difference in Link Budget Between HSUPA and R99 (4/5)There is a high soft handover gain in R99.HSUPA adopts HARQ, which brings time diversity gain. Thus, the gain produced in soft handover is relatively low in HSUPA.

Difference in Link Budget Between HSUPA and R99 (5/5)R99 requires a big fast fading marginFast power control is used mainly to compensate fast fading.HSUPA requires a small fast fading margin.E-DPDCH adopts the HARQ mechanism, which brings time diversity gain.Power control is used to adjust the rate instead of compensating fast fading.Example: For channel PA3, the rate of PS services is 64 kbit/s. The fast fading margin is 2.1 dB in R99 while that is 1.2 dB in HSUPA.

Chapter 1 HSUPA Link BudgetSection 1 Principles of HSUPA Link BudgetSection 2 Difference in Link Budget Between HSUPA and R99Section 3 Tool Implementation

Parameter Values in HSUPA Link BudgetCurrently, RND3.0 does not consider UE power rollback. The fast fading margin is 0, because at present only the Ec/No. emulation data without power control is available. The soft handover gain to fast fading is 0. The soft handover gain to slow fading is merged into slow fading margin.This tool does not consider macro diversity gain.

HSUPA Link Budget Function (1/2)Calculate the rate at the cell edge according to the know cell radius.Calculate the cell radius according to the known rate at the cell edge.Channel model--- The channel model affects FRC EcNo.BLER--- Calculate the retransmission ratio based on BLER. Retransmission ratio = BLER / (1 - BLER)---The retransmission ratio affects FRC EcNo.

HSUPA Link Budget Function (2/2)Using peak rate and BLER--- Calculate the cell coverage radius when the rate at the cell edge is equal to the FRC bearing rate.--- At present, the available Ec/No emulation data covers only three scenarios where the retransmission ratios are 30, 70 and 90. When the retransmission ratio calculated according to the input BLER in link budget is not one of the previous three values, the principle of proximity shall apply. Using cell edge throughput--- Calculate the cell coverage radius according to the user-input effective rate at the cell edge. --- When the physical layer rate calculated according to the input effective rate at the cell edge and BLER is not equal to the FRC rate, the rate shall be linearized. --- For the retransmission ratio, the principle of proximity shall apply.Using coverage radius--- Calculate the effective rate at the cell edge according to the user-input cell radius.---When the Ec/No of the cell edge calculated through link budget is not equal to FRC EcNo, EcNo shall be linearized.--- Effective rate at the cell edge = physical layer rate at the cell edge x (1 BLER)

ContentsTraining.huawei.comChapter 1 HSUPA Link BudgetChapter 2 HSUPA Capacity DimensioningChapter 3 HSUPA CE and Lub Dimensioning

Chapter 2 HSUPA Capacity DimensioningSection 1 Principles of HSUPA Capacity DimensioningSection 2 Difference in Capacity Dimensioning Between HSUPA and R99Section 3 RND Tool Implementation

Principles of HSUPA Capacity DimensioningCapacity dimensioning functionCalculate the cell mean throughput according to the HSUPA load.Calculate the HSUPA load according to the cell mean throughput. Major parameters involved in dimensioningPower offsets like HSUPA TTI E-DPDCH retransmission countMapping between HSUPA Ec/N0 and the bearing rate

HSUPA Capacity Dimensioning Function 1HSUPA capacity dimensioning function 1: Calculate the cell mean throughput according to the known HSUPA load. Total uplink loadHSUPA actual loadMaximum rate per user of the cellCell mean throughputHS-DPCCH loadR99 loadAssociated channel load

HSUPA Capacity Dimensioning Function 2HSUPA capacity dimensioning function 2: Calculate the HSUPA load according to the known HSUPA cell mean throughput. Initialize the HSUPA load or change (increase or decrease) the current load according to the throughput comparison result HSUPA cell mean throughput InputThrOutput the current HSUPA loadCalculated cell mean throughput CalcThrInputThr=CalcThr?YN

Calculation Process of Actual Load in HSUPA HS-DPCCH load : Number of concurrent HSDPA users : Number of HS-SCCHs : Soft handover proportion : DPCCH load : CQI reporting period : SHO and non-SHO power offsets such as CQI and ACKCQI load calculation

ACK/NACK load calculation

Calculation Process of Actual Load in HSUPA HSUPA associated channel loadIndependent carrier: Shared carrier:

HSUPA actual loadHSUPA and HSDPA associated channels can be shared.Associated DPCCH loadAssociated DPDCH load

:

Maximum Rate Per User of HSUPAMaximum rate per user:RmaxActual load per HSUPA user:Maximum rate per user Rmax:When is the rate per user the biggest?HSUPA actual load per user = Total uplink HSUPA available loadW: chip rate R: HSUPA bearer bit rate : Amplitude gain factor of DPCCH, DPDCH and E-DPCCH : Eb/N0 of E-DPDCH

Mean Throughput of HSUPA Cells Cell mean throughputMaximum rate per user with the given radius rHSUPA users are evenly distributed in the circle whose radius is r.Cell mean throughput:R: Cell radius S: Cell area: Included angle of the circle

Chapter 2 HSUPA Capacity DimensioningSection 1 Principles of HSUPA Capacity DimensioningSection 2 Difference in Capacity Dimensioning Between HSUPA and R99Section 3 RND Tool Implementation

Difference in Capacity Dimensioning Between HSUPA and R99R99 capacity dimensioning uses KR+BE algorithms.HSUPA capacity dimensioning algorithm is similar to that of HSDPA and uses integral calculation.Uplink target load settingWhen the original R99 network has good coverage: The total uplink load may be appropriately increased.When the original R99 network has poor coverage: The total uplink load shall keep unchanged. Higher cell throughput:Emulation condition: TU3, with the voice traffic of 20 ErlKeep the uplink load at 50% and bear the PS services on HSUPA. The capacity is improved by 30% than R99.Keep the uplink load at 75% and bear the PS services on HSUPA. The capacity is improved by 118% than R99.

Chapter 2 HSUPA Capacity DimensioningSection 1 Principles of HSUPA Capacity DimensioningSection 2 Difference in Capacity Dimensioning Between HSUPA and R99Section 3 RND Tool Implementation

R5 Network Construction Input of Common ParametersHSPA independent carrier--- R99 uplink load and HSUPA uplink load are separately set.--- The uplink interference margin is calculated according to the HSUPA uplink load.HSPA and R99 share the carrier---The total uplink load of R99 and HSUPA is set.--- HSUPA loadTotal uplink load - R99 uplink load---The uplink interference margin is calculated according to the total uplink load of HSUPA and R99.

R5 Network Construction Input of Advanced ParametersInput of advanced parameters in HSUPA capacity dimensioningAdvanced parameters in capacity dimensioning

R5 Network Construction Major Output ParametersHSUPA cell actual throughput--- Calculate the cell throughput according to the HSUPA load.HSUPA cell target throughputHSUPA cell actual load--- Calculate the cell load according to the cell mean throughput.HSUPA actual cell edge throughput--- Calculate the cell edge throughput according to the cell radius obtained through iterative capacity dimensioning.Power required for HSUPA target throughput--- Calculate the HSUPA load according to the HSUPA cell target throughput.

R99 Upgrade Input of Common ParametersHSPA shared carrierHSUPA uplink load is input by the user.Generally, the sum of HSUPA uplink load and R99 uplink load shall be less than 75%.The uplink interference margin is calculated according to the sum of HSUPA uplink load and R99 uplink load.HSPA independent carrierHSUPA uplink load is input by the user. HSUPA uplink load is separately set and has nothing to do with R99.The uplink interference margin is calculated according to HSUPA uplink load.

R99 Upgrade Major Output ParametersHSUPA cell actual throughput---Calculate the cell throughput according to the HSUPA load. HSUPA cell actual load--- Calculate the cell load according to the cell mean throughput. HSUPA actual cell edge throughput--- Calculate the cell edge throughput according to the cell radius obtained through iterative capacity dimensioning.Power required for HSUPA target throughput--- Calculate the HSUPA load according to the HSUPA cell target throughput.HSUPA cell target throughput

ContentsTraining.huawei.comChapter 1 HSUPA Link BudgetChapter 2 HSUPA Capacity DimensioningChapter 3 HSUPA CE and Lub Dimensioning

Chapter 3 HSUPA CE and Lub DimensioningSection 1 HSUPA CE DimensioningSection 2 HSUPA Lub DimensioningSection 3 Tool Implementation

Factors Influencing the HSUPA Uplink CE NumberThe number of CEs occupied in the HSUPA uplink may be affected by the following factors:HARQ: It employs fast retransmission in the physical layer. The more the retransmission times, the more the occupied CEs. The improvement of demodulation performance enables the cell capacity to be enlarged and enables the system to support more HSUPA users. The more the users, the more the occupied CEs. Coding efficiency: For the lower coding efficiency, the higher physical channel codes are needed to send a transport block of the same size and the more CEs are occupied.Soft handover: In the soft handover area, the UE has established links with multiple cells and occupies several times CE resources. DCH associated channel (uplink/downlink): HSUPA needs associated DCHs. One associated DCH occupies one CE.Number of concurrent HSUPA users: The more HSUPA users are simultaneously connected, the more CE resources are occupied. HSUPA mean throughput: After HSUPA is introduced, the mean throughput is enlarged and so more CEs are occupied.

HSUPA CE Dimensioning Uplink (1/3)CEs occupied by DCH associated channels:Every associated channel occupies one CE.The method of estimating the CEs occupied by associated channels is similar to that of HSDPA.HSUPA can share CE resources with R99.DCH associated channels, the new E-DPCCH and E-DPDCH introduced into HSUPA all occupy CEs.E-DPCCH bears the demodulation associated signaling.E-DPDCH bears uplink service data.DCH transports control information.

HSUPA CE Dimensioning Uplink (2/3)For non-scheduling grant services The transmission rate is usually constant and so is the number of occupied CEs. The dimensioning method of R99 may be used to make the calculation. For HSUPA scheduling grant servicesThe transmission rate is variable and the number of occupied CEs also keeps changing. The following formula may be used for the calculation: Nce: Total CEs occupied in the HSUPA uplink N: Number of concurrent HSUPA users SHO%: Soft handover proportion b: Burst marginBLER: RLC layer block error rate, corresponding to the service layer QoS index M:CEs occupied by physical channel codes (or code combinations), as shown in the table on next page.The number of users of HSUPA associated channels shall satisfy 1

HSUPA CE Dimensioning Uplink (3/3)The requested bearing rate can be calculated according to the requested mean rate (R) and the total number of retransmissions (determined by SBLER), and is then mapped to m as shown in the following table:

HSUPA CE Dimensioning Downlink AGCH, RGCH and HICH are added in the HSUPA downlink:

Difference in CE Dimensioning Between HSUPA and R99Dimensioning methodR99: The uplink CE dimensioning method is the same as that of the downlink.HSUPA: The uplink CE dimensioning method is different from that of the downlink. Data and signalingThe data transmitted on R99 DCH contain signaling and so it is unnecessary to separately calculate the occupied CE resources.In HSUPA, it is necessary to separately calculate the occupied CE resources. The DCH bears signaling. The E-DPDCH bears uplink service data and is equivalent to the HS-PDSCH in HSDPA, and the E-DPCCH bears demodulation associated signaling and is equivalent to the HS-SCCH in HSDPA.CEs occupied by the corresponding transmission rateR99 adopts the equivalent CE number. Different bearing rates correspond to different numbers of occupied CEs.The HSUPA transmission rate is variable and so is the coding efficiency. Different physical channel coding schemes occupy different average numbers of CEs.

Chapter 3 HSUPA CE and Lub DimensioningSection 1 HSUPA CE DimensioningSection 2 HSUPA Lub DimensioningSection 3 Tool Implementation

Factors Affecting HSUPA Uplink Lub DimensioningCompared with R99/HSDPA, HSUPA Iub dimensioning shall consider the following factors:Compared with HSDPA, HSUPA shall consider soft handover overheads.Compared with R99/HSDPA, HSUPA shall consider changes of the E-DCH FP frame bearer. HSUPA FP overheads

HSUPA Lub Dimensioning Uplink The Iub bandwidth of HSUPA should consider the service data on HSUPA channels and the signaling on associated channels, as shown by the calculation formula on the right.After HSUPA is introduced, no new control frame is added and the old calculation method is still used. It is necessary to consider the number of HSUPA associated channels. Similar to HSDPA, HSUPA common measurement information will be added after HSUPA is introduced. The NCP traffic needs to further increase and possibly the NCP bandwidth needs to be increased, which shall depend on the specific product implementation. (1 + Data service burst margin) (1 + Soft handover overheads)After HSUPA is introduced, the uplink Iub bandwidth = ( Number of cell HSUPA users HSUPA busy-hour throughput per user / 3600 / FP data frame utilization of HSUPA / Data packet AAL2 utilization / ATM utilization / E1 utilization+ 3.4 kbps Number of concurrent HSUPA users 3.4k associated signaling activation ratio/ FP data frame utilization of 3.4k associated signaling/ Signaling packet AAL2 utilization/ ATM utilization / E1 utilization)

HSUPA Lub Dimensioning Downlink After HSUPA is introduced, the increased downlink Iub bandwidth = Number of cell HSUPA users x Busy-hour HSUPA throughput per user 2.5% / 3600 / FP data frame utilization of HSDPA / Data packet AAL2 utilization / ATM utilization / E1 utilization (1 + Data service burst margin) (1 + Soft handover overheads)

After HSUPA is introduced, AGCH, RGCH and HICH are added in the downlink. They are physical channels and do not occupy Iub bandwidth.Because it is necessary to feedback the TCP acknowledgement packet and RLC layer state packet in the downlink during uplink data transmission, we should consider the traffic of the two when the traffic of HSUPA is huge. The traffic of TCP acknowledgement packets and RLC layer state packets is about 2% to 3% of HSUPA traffic. We may estimate it by 2.5%.

Comparison of Lub Dimensioning Between HSUPA and R99/HSDPAHSUPA is similar to R99/HSDPA in Iub interface traffic dimensioning. The dimensioning includes traffic channel traffic dimensioning and common channel traffic dimensioning. The traffic channel traffic dimensioning method is similar to the capacity dimensioning method, that is, it uses KR+BE. HSPA common channel traffic dimensioning is the same as the original R99 algorithms. Compared with R99/HSDPA, HSUPA shall only consider changes of the E-DCH FP frame bearer. At present, the Iub bandwidth of HSUPA is estimated according to BE services.

Chapter 3 HSUPA CE and Lub DimensioningSection 1 HSUPA CE DimensioningSection 2 HSUPA Lub DimensioningSection 3 Tool Implementation

RND Tool Implementation CE and Lub DimensioningRND3.0 does not implement HSUPA CE dimensioning.Input parameters and output results of HSUPA Iub bandwidth dimensioning.

Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Today I would like to present a report to you and the report title is:

This page lists the objectives of this course.

This page enables trainees and teachers to gain a rough understanding of the course schedule. It lists the major contents of this course and only needs to list the name of each chapter. It may also list the sections if there are not many sections in each chapter. This page describes the contents of this chapter. The layout is applicable when there is no sub-section under each section of the chapter. This page lists the titles of the major contents in this chapter.This page describes the contents of this chapter. The layout is applicable when there is no sub-section under each section of the chapter. This page lists the titles of the major contents in this chapter.This page describes the contents of this chapter. The layout is applicable when there is no sub-section under each section of the chapter. This page lists the titles of the major contents in this chapter.Principle of proximity: If the retransmission ratio calculated according to BLER is approximate to 30%, 70% or 90%, then the approximate value shall be used in link budget. For example, suppose the retransmission ratio is 40%, then we shall use 30% as the retransmission ratio in link budget because 40% is most approximate to 30%. This page enables trainees and teachers to gain a rough understanding of the course schedule. It lists the major contents of this course and only needs to list the name of each chapter. It may also list the sections if there are not many sections in each chapter. This page describes the contents of this chapter. The layout is applicable when there is no sub-section under each section of the chapter. This page lists the titles of the major contents in this chapter.This page describes the contents of this chapter. The layout is applicable when there is no sub-section under each section of the chapter. This page lists the titles of the major contents in this chapter.This page describes the contents of this chapter. The layout is applicable when there is no sub-section under each section of the chapter. This page lists the titles of the major contents in this chapter.This page enables trainees and teachers to gain a rough understanding of the course schedule. It lists the major contents of this course and only needs to list the name of each chapter. It may also list the sections if there are not many sections in each chapter. Note: The above data about the number of CEs occupied by the above physical channel codes (or code combinations) are given by the Node B department. The CE resources needed by the HSUPA uplink are related to the specific product implementation. Different vendors may adopt different implementation methods.Margin: Iub dimensioning margin considering the fact that AAL2 utilization may not be 100%;