house solarei passive solar design

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Sustainable Architecture: Passive Solar Design (House Solarei Architect Duncan Firth). Resource compiled & edited by W van Zyl.

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Page 1: House solarei  passive solar design

Sustainable  Architecture:  Passive  Solar  Design  (House  Solarei-­‐Architect  Duncan  Firth).  Resource  compiled  &  edited  by  W  van  Zyl.  

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CASE  STUDY:  HOUSE  SOLAREI  *Some  pictures  with  details/annotaOons/diagrams  to  illustrate  and  explain  some  basic  principles  of  passive  solar  design.  

Comments  and  details  on  the  following:  •  PASSIVE  VENTILATION  •  “TROMBE”  WALLS  (HEAT  SINK)  •  DECIDUOUS  LANDSCAPING  •  WORM  FARM  (COMPOSTING)  •  CLERESTORY  •  INTERIOR  TIMBER  •  WINDOW  SIZE,  POSITIONING  AND  WINDOW  DETAIL  •  PERGOLA  AND  SCREEN  WALL  •  LARGE  ROOF  OVERHANG  •  HARVESTING  RAINWATER  •  LocaOon:  New  Zealand  

   

Pictures  courtesy  of  architect  Duncan  Firth  (Solarei.com)  

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SUN’S  RAYS  

The  sun  would  heat  up  these  floors  in(Winter)  Yellow  -­‐North  facing  (will  act  as  heat  sink)  

CLERESTORY  (L-­‐SHAPED)  Passage  and  entrance/exit  

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PosiOon  of  the  sun  during  winter  and  summer:  Diagrams  show  the  design  details  and  passive  solar  principles  applied  in  sustainable  architecture.    

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The  interior  walls  (concrete)  and  floors  (concrete)  will  absorb  heat  of  the  sun  and  release  it  during  the  day  (winter  months).  See  slanted  ceilings  with  venOlaOon  windows.  This  means  warm  air  will  rise  and  follow  the  slanted  ceiling  and  the  warm  stale  air  would  escape  through  the  venOlaOon  windows.  This  will  sOmulate  the  passive  venOlaOon  in  the  building  and  create  unassisted  movement  of  the  air.  Cooler  air  will  now  flow  in  from  the  bo]om  creaOng  a  constant  flow  of  cooler  fresh  air  during  summer.  

“TROMBE  WALL”  

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Xeriscape  gardening:  Watering  and  irrigaOon  are  limited  (rocks  included  and  the  choice  of  plants).  Search  xeriscaping  to  find  out  more.  This  technique  could  be  used  in  suaOnable  landscape  design.  

Interior  walls:  concrete  blocks  will  absorb  heat  during  winter  and  release  it  during  the  cold  winter  days  (‘Trombe  wall’).  Timber  to  the  interior:  Macrocarpa  shelves.  

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XERISCAPING:  Xeriscaping  for  us  amateur  gardeners  usually  means  gardening  in  an  almost  waterless  environment.  Usually  in  a  desert  like  climate  or  geographical  area  where  water  is  sparse.  Really,  we  think  of  it  as  water-­‐wise  gardening  with  drought  resistant  plants  that  can  survive  with  li]le  or  no  water.  Also  water  conservaOon  techniques  like  mulching  and  collecOng  rain-­‐water  come  to  mind.    It  could  also  include  a  gardening  style  or  conservancy  way  of  thinking,  where  we  a]empt  to  build  an  outdoor  space  that  can  survive  with  li]le  or  no  water.    A  producOve  garden  built  on  the  idea  that  no  water  is  wasted,  that  all  available  natural  water  is  used  for  the  best  and  that  planOngs  are  thought  out  in  terms  of  water  conservancy.    Read  more:  h]p://www.gardening-­‐advice.net/xeriscaping.html#ixzz1ptUPMsDd    SomeOmes  climate  dictates  the  necessity  for  a  Xeriscape  garden  and  someOmes  it  may  be  a  choice.  Xeric  Gardens  with  drought  smart  plants  are  very  a]racOve  for  whatever  reason  you  want  to  create  one.    

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Typical  Xeriscaping:  

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DECIDUOUS  TREES  AND  SUSTAINABLE  ARCHITECTURE  (Landscape  design):  

DECIDUOUS  TREES  IN  SUMMER  

DECIDUOUS  TREES  IN  AUTUMN  

DECIDUOUS  TREES  IN  WINTER  

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The  Living  Deck  

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SINGLE,  DOUBLE  AND  TRIPPLE  GLAZED  WINDOWS  –GAPS  FILLED  WITH  ARGON  GAS    

Double  glazing  adds  an  insulaOon  layer  to  your  windows,  providing  you  with  the  following  benefits:  A  warmer  home  in  winter,  a  cooler  home  in  summer  with  condensa1on  substan1ally  reduced.  On  top  of  this  is  the  reduc1on  of  fading  damage  and  UV  light,  improved  noise  insula1on  and  improved  security.  UV  RAYS  OF  THE  SUN:  Note  that  the  glass  is  treated  so  the  damaging  UV  rays  of  the  sun  is  reduced  inside  the  house.  It  means  the  curtains,  carpets,  and  furniture  colours  will  not  fade  or  decay  at  the  normal  rate  as  expected  in  normal  condiOons  where  just  ordinary  one  layer  of  translucent  glass  is  installed    to  the  windows  of  a  house.  

DOUBLE  GLAZING  

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Example  of  the  applicaLon  of  Marcracarpa:  The  interior  of  the  dwelling  (kithen  cupboards  and  floors)  is  shown  in  this  picture.  

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WHY  USE  MACROCARPA  TO  THE  INTERIOR?    THE  TIMBER  WITH:  BEAUTY..  STRENGTH..  DURABILITY..  SUSTAINABILITY  Macrocarpa  has  become  the  Omber  of  choice  for  many  home  owners  of  today.    Because  it  is  not  treated  with  chemicals,  it  is  borer  resistant,  and  it  is  becoming  the  popular  opOon  for  public  areas  such  as  schools,  parks,  golf  courses  and  home  gardens.  Macrocarpa  is  90%  plantaOon  grown  trees,  for  high  quality  Omber.    Macrocarpa  is  a  New  Zealand  exoOc  with  quite  extensive  new  planOngs.    Macrocarpa  is  recognised  as  one  of  the  most  eco-­‐friendly  Ombers  New  Zealand  produces.    DID  YOU  KNOW?    Building  with  wood  will  make  a  significant  contribuOon  to  reducing  CO2  in  the  atmosphere.    That  1  Tonne  of  wood  has  absorbed  approximately  1.7  tonne  of  carbon  net,  amer  manufacture.    ie.  By  simply  choosing  wood  an  average  Omber  house  reduces  CO2  by  50  tonnes  (equivalent  to  that  emi]ed  by  flying  12  Omes  around  the  world  or  what  a  car  could  use  during  its  enOre  life).    By  just  choosing  Omber  cladding  alone,  on  average  8.5  tonne  of  CO2  has  been  taken  out  of  the  atmosphere!    That  wooden  ceiling  sarking  (sarking  is  the  use  of  wood  panels,  or  "sarking  boards“)  would  also  reduce  CO2  by  approximately  8.5  tonne.    That  carbon  is  'locked  up'  for  the  life  of  the  house.    Any  Macrocarpa  waste  is  environmentally  safe  and  friendly  (shavings,  sawdust  for  the  garden  and  farm,  off-­‐cuts  for  firewood).    

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Timber  pergola  to  the  western  side  of  the  dwelling:  Will  act  as  a  screen  for  the  late  amernoon  sun  (sun  setng  in  the  west).  In  Summer  it  will  be  very  hot  and  the  pergola  would  assist  by  keeping  the  paCo  cool.  The  screen  wall  to  the  far  right  will  also  assist  with  shading  and  at  the  same  Cme  it  will  act  as  a  wind  screen  for  the  paCo.  

Sun’s  rays  (late  amernoon)  

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Veggie  garden:  Planters  filled  with  vegetables  (garage  in  the  background)  .  The  harvested  rainwater  will  be  used  to  irrigate  the  garden  and  the  garden  will  provide  the  members  of  the  household  with  fresh  vegetables  on  a  daily  basis.  This  is  a  very  cost  effecOve  and  sustainable  way  to  add  healthy  food  to  the  diet  of  the  members  of  the  household  at  no  extra  cost.  Scraps  from  the  kitchen  (grinded  coffee,  teabags,  cardboard,  food  scraps,  etc.)  could  be  used  to  “feed”  the  Oger  worms  in  the  compost  box  (earthworms  break  down  the  scraps  and  convert  it  into  ferOle  soil).  Search  worm  farms  to  learn  more!  

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Bath  tub  used  as  a  worm  farm:  All  the  food  scraps,  cardboard,  tea  bags,  grinded  coffee  etc.  from  the  kitchen  is  mixed  into  the  soil  to  feed  the  earth  worms.  The  worms  will  consume  the  scraps  and  produce  top  quality  compost  for  veggie  gardens    

Earth  worms  are  very  effecOve  to  break  down  scrap  food  and  lem  overs.  The  worm  juice  and  compost  are  invaluable  for  effecOve  sustainable  gardening.    

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Large  roof  overhang:  The  large  roof  overhang  will  shade  the  house  during  the  hot  summer  months.  At  the  same  Ome  it  is  not  too  large  so  the  winter  sun  will  not  be  able  to  shine  into  the  house  (sun  is  lower  during  winter).  The  key  is  to  get  the  balance  right.  

Deck:  Timber  deck  has  a  concrete  slab  below  it  so  the  rainwater    would  run  off  and  it  will  get  channelled  to  the  water  tank  (under  ground).  

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Cerestory:  Also  called  a  ‘Stack’.  Concrete  walls  will  heat  up  during  winter  and  release  the  heat  during  the  day.  This  will  reduce  the  heaOng  bill  as  less  electrical  or  gas  heaOng  is  required.  It  will  also  release  heat  into  the  colder  areas  of  the  house  (south).  VenLlaLon  windows:  See  the  slanted  ceiling  and  verOcal  venOlaOon  window  at  the  top.  The  slanted  ceiling  will  enhance  the  air  flow  (warm  air)  towards  the  top  window.  At  the  same  Ome  cooler  air  will  flow  in  from  the  outside  (bo]om  entry).  

SLANTED  CEILING  ASSISTING  AIR  FLOW  

WINDOW  TO  IMPROVE  PASSIVE  VENTILATION