Homelessness Data Discussion

First Annual Canadian HomelessnessData Sharing Initiative

Calgary Homeless Foundation and The School of Public Policy at the University of CalgaryMay 4, 2016, Officer’s Mess – Fort Calgary, Calgary, Alberta

Dr Tracey P. Lauriault, School of Journalism and Communication, Carleton University & Programmable City Project, Maynooth University

Theoretical Framework

Data Studies Vision

Unpack the complex assemblages that produce, circulate, share/sell and utilise data in diverse ways

Chart the diverse work they do and their consequences for how the world is known, governed and lived-in

Survey the wider landscape of data assemblages and how they interact to form intersecting data products, services and markets and shape policy and regulation

Rob Kitchin and Tracey P. Lauriault, Forthcoming, Toward a Critical Data Studies: Charting and Unpacking Data Assemblages and their Work, in J. Eckert,, A. Shears & J. Thatcher, Geoweb and Big Data, University of Nebraska

Press , Pre-Print http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2474112

How is the city translated into software and data?

Programmable City Project

Translation:City into Code/Data

Transduction:Code/Data Reshape

City

THE CITYSOFTWARE/DATA

Discourses, Practices, Knowledge, Models

Mediation, Augmentation, Facilitation, RegulationHow do software and data reshape the city?

Rob Kitchin, 2013

Socio-technological data assemblage

Material Platform(infrastructure – hardware)

Code Platform(operating system)

Code/algorithms (software)

Data(base)

Interface

Reception/Operation (user/usage)

Systems of thought Forms of knowledge

Finance Political economies

Governmentalities & legalities Organisations and institutions Subjectivities and communities

Marketplace

System/process performs a task

Contextframes the system/task

Digital socio-technical assemblage

HCI, remediation studiesCritical code studies

Software studies

Critical data studies

New media studiesgame studies

Critical Social ScienceScience Technology

Studies

Platform studies Places

Practices

Flowline/Lifecycle

Surveillance studies

Rob Kitchin, 2013

Knowledge Production

Tracey P. Lauriault, 2012, Data, Infrastructures and Geographical Imaginations. Ph.D. Thesis, Carleton University, Ottawa, http://curve.carleton.ca/theses/27431

Making up Spaces and

People – Modified

Ian Hacking Dynamic

Nominalism

Framework

Data Person Data Double (Virilio, 2000) Digital doppelgänger

(Robinson, 2008) Data Ghost (Sports analytics) Data Trails / Traces /

Shadows / Footprints Data (statistical) Person

(Dunne & Dunne, 2014) Dataveillance (Clarke, 1988)

Case Study

Homeless case study scopeObject of Study:

A. Dublin Ireland: Pathway Accommodation and Support

System (PASS) Dublin Street Count Central Statistics Office (CSO)

national census enumeration of the homeless.

B. Boston, MA, USA: Homelessness Data Exchange (HDX)

Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Housing Inventory Count (HIC)

Boston Health Commission Annual Street/Point-in-Time (PIT) Count of Homelessness

US Census Bureau National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients (NSHAPC)

C. Ottawa, ON, Canada: National Homelessness Information

System (HIFIS) Ottawa Street Count Statistics Canada national census

enumeration of the homeless. Federation of Canadian Municipalities

(FCM) Municipal Data Collection Tool (MDCT) indicators on Homelessness

Funding Programmable City Project

P.I. Prof. Rob Kitchin NIRSA, Maynooth University

European Research Council Advanced Investigator Award

ERC-2012-AdG-323636-SOFTCITY

http://www.homelessdublin.ie/

pass

http://www.dublincit

y.ie/official-street-count-

figures-rough-sleeping-

winter-2014-across-dublin-

region

http://www.cso.ie/en/census/

census2011reports/

homelesspersonsinirelandaspecialcensus2011r

eport/

The making of homeless people

Dublin Homeless Action Plan The Cross–Department Team, under the aegis of the Department of

the Environment and Local Government, was established under the auspices of the Cabinet Committee on Social Inclusion.

The Departments of Finance, Health and Children, Social, Community and Family Affairs, Justice, Equality and Law Reform, Education and Science, Tourism, Sport and Recreation as well as

FÁS Probation and Welfare Service

Dublin Regional Homelessness Executive

Data dissemination

http://www.environ.ie/en/DevelopmentHousing/Housing/SpecialNeeds/HomelessPeople/

Homeless case study outputs

A. 3 site specific city case studies for comparative analysis 3 CS reports with accompanying data, information and literature including:

3 national homeless shelter intake software systems 3 city specific point in time street counts 3 national statistical agency censuses which enumerated people who are homeless Interview recordings and transcripts from key informants Repository of related grey literature

B. Data Assemblages Data assemblage for each intake data system, street count and homeless census Comparative analysis of these data assemblages

C. Construction of homeless people and homelessness Application of the modified Ian Hacking framework to the making up of homeless people and spaces 3 homelessness data classification genealogies Comparative analysis of genealogies

D. Academic Papers

Acknowledgements

The research for these studies is funded by a European Research Council Advanced

Investigator award ERC-2012-AdG-323636-SOFTCITY.

I would like to express my gratitude Dublin City Council, and all the people interviewed as part

of this study.

Atlas of the Risk of Homelessness

Pilot Atlas of the Risk of Homelessness

• Funded by:– Data Development Projects on Homelessness Program, Homelessness Knowledge Development Program, Homelessness

Partnering Secretariat of Human Resources and Social Development Canada (HRSDC)• Partnership:

– Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) Quality of Life Reporting System (QOLRS) (24 cities) and the Geomatics and Cartographic Research Centre

• 2 cities and 1 metropolitan area:– City of Calgary– City of Toronto– Communauté métropolitaine de Montréal

• Geomatics and Cartographic Research Centre Research Team: (https://gcrc.carleton.ca/confluence/display/GCRCWEB/Pilot+Atlas+of+the+Risk+of+Homelessness):– Research Leader: Tracey P. Lauriault (Tracey.Lauriault@NUIM.ie)– Cartographer: Dr. Sebastien Cacquard, – Geomatician: Christine Homuth– Primary Investigator: Dr. D. R. Fraser Taylor– Thanks to: Glenn Brauen, Amos Hayes and Jean-Pierre Fiset

Federation of Canadian

Municipalities Quality of Life

Reporting System (QoLRS)

Introduction to the Pilot Atlas of the Risk of Homelessness

City Indicators Across Time

City of Toronto 50%+, Housing Starts & Vacancy Rates

City of Calgary: LICO & 30% of Income Spent on Rent

City of Calgary: LICO & 30% of Income Spent on Rent

Grand Montréal: Logements sociaux et populations ayant des difficultés financières pour se loger

Aging Social Housing Stock by Neighbourhood: Toronto

Data Issues

• Statistics Canada Geographies change• Health districts, wards, neighbourhoods and StatCan boundaries differ• Formats differ• The cost of StatCan special tabulations are cost prohibitive• Restrictive access to some datasets – HIFIS• CMHC data is very expensive• Licenses are restrictive• City data are the richest

The stories we can tell about Canada's social-policital-economy is impeded with due to data cost and access issues

Municipal Data Collection Tool

Municipal Data Collection Tool

Community Data Program

Community Data Program

Data Negotiation

Questions What are the big data issues that need to be addressed? How can we work together? Access to HIFIS data – a strategy? Broader analytics? Do we need a broader team of analysts? Standards? Portal – data & research? How do we get the data to change policy? Open Data?

Data cultures

Research Data

GovData

GeoDataPhysical Sciences

Public Sector Data

Access to Data Open Data

Social Sciences

2005

VGICrowdsource

Citizen Science

Scientists, Cultural Institutions E-Government, CTOs

AdminData