U.S. Society and Politics

WWII to 1970

SUPREME COURT

DECISIONS OF THE WARREN

COURT

Earl Warren

Served as chief justice of the Supreme Court from 1953 until

1969 and oversaw a number of key Supreme Court decisions.

Known to be very liberal (socially-active) in his rulings.

Mapp v. Ohio (1961)

The Court ruled that evidence seized during a criminal

investigation from a person's residence without a search warrant

constitutes an "illegal search" and cannot be used at trial.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ojeSH1zRNM

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

Court decided that state and local courts must provide counsel

for defendants in felony cases at the state's expense in any

serious felony prosecution.

Before, counsel was only appointed if the death penalty was

involved.

http://www.yout

ube.com/watch?

v=qAZVuSGW

BrI

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

A Mexican immigrant named Ernesto Miranda was arrested and

interrogated by police without the presence of a lawyer.

During the interrogation, he confessed to the crimes of

kidnapping and rape.

After his conviction, the case was appealed all the way to the

Supreme Court.

http://www.youtube.com/

watch?v=Pt53LcIEihI

Miranda Rule

States that law enforcement agencies must inform anyone they

arrest that they have these rights.

Often called "Miranda Rights", you hear them recited whenever

you watch your favorite cop show on TV and hear the words,

"You have the right to remain silent... you have the right to an

attorney..."

GREAT SOCIETY

PROGRAMS

War on Poverty (1965)

Johnson figured that since the Gross National Profit had risen,

the country had lots of extra money "just lying around," so he'd

use it to fight poverty. It started many small programs,

Medicare, Head Start, and reorganized immigration to eliminate

national origin quotas.

VISTA (Volunteers in Service to America)

Mobilized volunteers to work in poorer communities

within the United States.

Job Corps

Its purpose was for the educating and training of inner-city youth

for gainful employment.

Elementary and Secondary Act (1965)

Provided federal funding for primary and secondary education

and was meant to improve the education of poor people.

This was the first federal program to fund education.

Head Start

To help ensure better education for children of low-income

families.

Title IX

States that no person shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded

from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be

subjected to discrimination under any education program or

activity receiving financial assistance from the federal

government.

Department of Housing and Urban

Development (HUD)

Created by Congress in 1965, it was 11th in cabinet office. The

department regulated and monitored housing and suburban

development. It also provided rent supplements for low-income

families.

Robert Weaver

Influential Black economist, he served in the Department of the

Interior and was Secretary of Housing and Urban Affairs under

Lyndon B. Johnson, becoming the first Black Cabinet official in

the U.S.

Medicare (1965)

Under Social Security it provided federal subsidies to pay for

the hospitalization of sick people age 65 and over.

Medicaid

Its purpose is to ensure medical care for lower-income families.

POLITICAL MOVEMENT

United Farm Workers (UFW)

Organization founded in 1962 and led by Cesar Chavez.

It imitated many of the methods used by the civil rights movement

as it supported the rights of migrant farm workers, many of

which were poor Hispanic immigrants.

Cesar Chavez

Non-violent leader of the United Farm Workers from 1963-

1970. Organized laborers in California and in the Southwest

to strike against fruit and vegetable growers. Unionized

Mexican-American farm workers.

Exit Slip

Police must inform anyone they arrest that they have rights.

Miranda Rule

The Court ruled that evidence seized without a search warrant constitutes an

"illegal search" and cannot be used at trial.

Mapp v. Ohio

States are required to provide attorneys for criminal defendants who cannot

afford them.

Gideon v. Wainwright

President Johnson’s war against poverty.

Great Society

Non-violent leader of the United Farm Workers from 1963-1970.

Cesar Chavez

The Women’s Movement

Springboard

The Glass Ceiling

Women still earn more than $10,000 a year less than

their male counterparts, according to U.S. Census

data.

The disparity is greatest in Provo, Utah, where

women’s pay in 2011 was just 61.6 % of men’s, and

the median income for women was nearly $20,000 less.

Source: The Week Volume 13, Issue 609 pp. 32 March 22, 2013

Women's Liberation

Rejected traditional gender roles and advocated equality between

men and women.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VnJ9GHZ1dl0

Betty Friedan and the Feminine Mystique

Wrote a book called The Feminine Mystique in 1963.

She talked about her own experience in giving up a career to be

a homemaker.

She suggested that the idea of women being nothing but happy

and fulfilled at home was a myth.

Her views helped launch the women's movement of the 1960s

and 70s.

National Organization for Women (NOW)

Inspired by Betty Friedan, a women’s reform organization that

battled for equal rights with men by lobbying and testing laws in

court.

NOW wanted equal employment opportunities, equal pay, ERA,

divorce law changes, and legalized abortion.

Gloria Steinem

An American feminist, journalist, and social and political activist

who became nationally recognized as a leader of the women's

liberation movement in the late 1960s and 1970s.

Her early support of abortion rights catapulted her to national

fame as a feminist leader.

Roe v. Wade (1973)

Supreme Court ruled unconstitutional most state statutes

restricting abortion.

It ruled that a state may not prevent a woman from having an

abortion during the first 3 months of pregnancy, and could

regulate, but not prohibit abortion during the second trimester.

Decision in effect overturned anti-abortion laws in 46 states.

7 votes for Roe, 2 votes against

Legal provision: Due Process http://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotat

ion_906481&feature=iv&src_vid=dSvP9nTiHYo&v=E8

w0p-Zplsg

Billie Jean King

An American former World No. 1 professional tennis player

who is now known as an advocate for sexual equality and gay

& lesbian rights.

In 1973 she won “The Battle of the Sexes” tennis match against

Bobby Riggs for a $100,000 winner-takes-all event.

Phyllis Schlafly A female conservative who campaigned vigorously against the

National Organization for Women, arguing that many women

wanted to remain at home, that there was no more important role

than that of a wife and mother, and that "Women's Lib" would

destroy family values.

Exit Slip

She helped launch the women's movement of the 1960s and 70s by

publishing a book called “The Feminine Mystique” in 1963

Betty Friedan

Organization devoted to political activism and promoting feminist

causes.

National Organization for Women

Supreme Court ruled unconstitutional most state statutes

restricting abortion.

Roe v. Wade (1973)

A female conservative who campaigned vigorously against it the

National Organization for Women, arguing that many women

wanted to remain home.

Phyllis Schlafly

ENVIROMENTAL

MOVEMENT

Environmentalists

People concerned with preserving the earth's resources and species

of life.

They often focus their efforts on drawing attention to and

combating ways in which human beings "negatively affect" the

environment.

DEET

DEET was developed by the United States Army, following

World War II. It was originally tested as a pesticide on farm

fields.

It was used in Vietnam and Southeast Asia.

It is the most common active ingredient in insect repellents.

Rachel Carson

Published a book in 1962 entitled, “Silent Spring,” in which she

argued that mankind's use of certain chemicals (notably

pesticides) was poisoning the environment such as DDT (a

common pesticide).

Earth Day

Annual event first celebrated in 1970 which is meant to

encourage concern for the environment and draw attention to

environmental issues.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

A federal agency for the purpose of enforcing laws aimed at

maintaining a safe and clean environment.

Environmental Awareness [Video]

Al Gore

Former vice president of the United States who is currently one

of the world's best-known advocates for the modern-day

environmentalist movement.

Opening of Disney

Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World in Florida was founded

in 1971. In 2009, the company's theme parks hosted

approximately 119.1 million guests, making Disney Parks the

world's most visited theme park company.

Cigar Making in Florida

• Commercial cigar rolling first came to Florida in the 1830s.

• In the decades after the Civil War, cigar making became one

of the most important industries in the southeastern United

States.

• Cigar rolling grew from small-scale operations started by

Cuban immigrants to encompass large, factory operations

that attracted immigrants from throughout Europe and Latin

America to Florida’s growing cities.

Growth of the Citrus Industries

Citrus has been farmed commercially in Florida since the mid-

1800s.

Florida produces more than 70 percent of the United States'

supply of citrus, with major oversees export markets including

Canada, Japan, France and the U.K.

Exit Slip

It is the most common active ingredient in insect repellents.

DEET

Annual event first celebrated in 1970 which is meant to encourage

concern for the environment and draw attention to environmental issues.

Earth Day

She published a book in which she argued that mankind's use of certain

chemicals (notably pesticides) were poisoning the environment.

Rachel Carson

Agency that enforces laws aimed at maintaining a safe and clean environment.

Environmental Protection Agency