his+yoj+kur+sr byju’s classes...aryabhatta was born in kerala and lived from 476 ad to 550 ad he...

HIS+YOJ+KUR+SR BYJU’s Classes: 9980837187

1 Ans A Topic: Delhi sultanate

Level: easy Type: factual Explanation: Razia Sultan was the Sultan of Delhi in India from 1236 to 1240; she the first Muslim female ruler. Her

ascent to the throne is of much historical significance not only because she was a woman, but also becaue her ancestors were originally slaves, not nobility. Her father was Iltutmish 2 Ans B

Topic: martial arts Level: difficult Type: factual Explanation:

Pari-Khanda: Pari-khandaa style of sword and shield fighting from Bihar. This art is created by the Rajputs. Pari-khanda steps and techniques are also used in Chau dance.

Mardani Khel: Mardani Khel is an armed method of martial art created by the Maratha. This traditional martial art of Maharashtra is practiced in Kolhapur.

Thoda is a martial arts form that exhibits a happy blend of culture and sport, believed to have been originated in Kullu or Shimla, this martial arts form also has an association with Mahabharata.


Thang Ta

Thang Ta is popular term for the ancient Manipuri Martial Art also known as HUYEN LALLONG. This Manipuri martial art with swords and spears is a strong yet gracefully sophisticated art.

3 Ans D Topic: Dance, Music, Paintings, Literature, Food, Fairs and Festivals Level: difficult

Type: current affairs Explanation: Yoga and Navruz were added to the list in 2016 4 Ans A

Topic: Dance, Music, Paintings, Literature, Food, Fairs and Festivals Level: difficult Type: factual Explanation:

India has a rich and ancient tradition of string puppets or marionettes. Marionettes having jointed limbs controlled by strings allow far greater flexibility and are, therefore, the most articulate of the puppets. Rajasthan, Orissa, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are some of the regions where this form of puppetry has flourished

5 Ans C Topic : India in 18th century Level: easy

Type: factual Explanation: The Third Battle of Panipat fought on January 14, 1761 between the Marathas and forces of the Afghan ruler Ahmad Shah Abdali and his allies was one of the biggest and most significant battles of the 18th

century in India.


The Afghan ruler Ahmad Shah Abdali was making frequent inroads into Punjab. In 1758 the Marathas pushed forward, taking control of Lahore and Peshawar and forcing Timur Shah Durrani, the son of

Abdali, out of Punjab and Kashmir 6 Ans D Topic: music

Level: moderate Type: current affairs Explanation: Girija Devi (born 8 May 1929) is an Indian classical singer of the Seniya and Banaras gharanas. She

performs classical and light classical music and has helped elevate the profile of Thumri. The Thumri is a North Indian vocal form and is based on the romantic-devotional literature inspired by the bhakti movement. The text is usually derived from the Radha-Krishna theme and is of primary

importance. The words are strictly adhered to, and the singer attempts to interpret them with his melodic improvisations. It is quite usual for a singer to deviate momentarily from the raga in which the composition is set, by using accidentals and evoking other ragas that might be suggested by the words, but he always returns to the original raga.

7 Ans D Topic: Topic: Dance, Music, Paintings, Literature, Food, Fairs and Festivals Level: moderate

Type: factual Explanation: Aryabhatta was an extraordinary teacher and scholar who had immense knowledge about mathematics and astronomy. He suggested the heliocentric theory which proved that the sun is located in the centre of

the solar system and all the planets revolve around it. In fact he made this discovery way before Copernicus made this discovery in the West. Aryabhatta was born in Kerala and lived from 476 AD to 550 AD He also said that the moon has no light and shines because it reflects light from the sun. He also proved

wrong the false belief that eclipse is caused because of the shadows formed by the shadows cast by the earth and the moon. Aryabhatta used epicycles in a similar manner to the Greek Philosopher Ptolemy to illustrate the inconsistent movement of some planets. This great astronomer wrote the famous treatise

Aryabhatiya, which was based on astronomy in 499 AD 8 Ans B Topic: Literature and Philosophy

Level: moderate Type: factual Explanation: Charvaka, also called Lokayata (Sanskrit: “Worldly Ones”), a quasi-philosophical Indian school of

materialists who rejected the notion of an afterword, karma, liberation (moksha), the authority of the sacred scriptures, the Vedas, and the immortality of the self 9 Ans B

Topic: Literature and Philosophy Level: difficult Type: factual Explanation:

Vaisheshsika is a kind of Atomism. It was proposed by Maharishi Kanaad. It postulates that all objects in the physical universe are reducible to a finite number of atoms. The school deals in detail with “Padarth” or Matter

10 Ans D Topic: music Level: difficult Type: factual

Explanation: Carnatic Music vs Hindustani Music Carnatic music and Hindustani music are two kinds of music traditions in India that show some important differences between them when it comes to the nature of singing, style of singing and the


techniques involved in them. Carnatic music is said to have originated in the Karnatak region of south India. On the other hand Hindustani music is said to have originated in several parts of northern and

western India in different times. While Carnatic music is sung and performed in only one style, there are various styles of singing and performing in Hindustani music. Each style of school is called a ‘gharana’. There are many gharanas in Hindustani music. Jaipur gharana and Gwalior gharana are two of the many important gharanas.

The number of ragas used in Carnatic music is more when compared to the fewer ragas used in Hindustani music. Some of the ragas used in Carnatic music are known by different names in Hindustani music. For example the Sankarabharanam of Carnatic tradition is called the Bilaval in the Hindustani tradition. It is interesting to note that Carnatic music is characterized by the presence of 72-melakarta

raga scheme. Each of the 72 principal ragas is divided into several subordinate ragas. The chief source for Hindustani music is the Sangita ratnakara of Sarangadeva. It is a great work on India music. Both the types of music differ in terms of the instruments used in the playing of music as well. While both

types of music use instruments such as violin and flute, Hindustani music extensively employs the use of Tabla (a kind of drum or a percussion instrument), Sarangi (a stringed instrument), Santoor, Sitar, Clarionet and the like. On the other hand Carnatic music extensively employs the use of musical instruments such as Veena (a stringed instrument), Mridangam (a percussion instrument), Gottuvadyam,

Mandolin, Violin, Flute, Jalatarangam and the like. 11 Ans C Topic: music

Level: difficult Type: factual Explanation: Tarana is a classical Hindustani music form. It has no meaningful sentences. Syllables are strung

together in a rhythmic pattern. Tillana is the south Indian version of Tarana 12 Ans B

Topic: Music Level: moderate Type: factual

Explanation: Dhrupad is a genre in Hindustani classical music. It is one of the oldest forms of compositions in the classical Indian music

13 Ans B Topic: Music Level: moderate Type: current affairs

Explanation: Umakant Gundecha and Ramakant Gundecha, known as the Gundecha Brothers, are leading Dagarvani dhrupad singers. They always sing together. So together they have been awarded Padmashree for 2012 in the field of Art - Indian Classical Music –

14 Ans C Topic: Music Level: moderate

Type: factual 15 Ans D Level: moderate

Type: conceptual Explanation: All the above statements are true. Folk music is defined as the music of people. General participation is very high in folk music and hence

the concept of audience as a separate entity is not emphasised in folk music 16 Ans A Topic: Mughal Dynasty


Level: moderate Type: factual

Explanation: Buland Darwaza or the loft gateway at Fatehpur Sikri was built by the great Mughal emperor, Akbar in 1601. Akbar built the Buland Darwaza to commemorate his victory over Gujarat. The Buland Darwaza, approached by 42 steps and 53.63m high and 35 meters wide, is the highest gateway in the world and an

astounding example of the Mughal architecture. 17 Ans B

Topic: Dance Level: moderate Type: factual

Odissi, the oldest Indian classical dance is termed as “Mobile sculpture” because of its graceful, sensuous and lyrical dance style. Also, the Tribanga posture expressed in Indian sculpture is innate to it. Oddisi,

Thribanga


18 Ans D Topic: Dance Level: moderate Type: conceptual

Explanation: The word Kathak has been derived from the word Katha which means a story. Kathakars or story-tellers are people who narrate stories largely based on episodes from the epics, myths and legends. It probably started as an oral tradition. Mime and gestures were perhaps added later on to make the recitation more

effective. Thus evolved a simple form of expressional dance, providing the origins of what later developed into Kathak as we see it today. The weight of the body is equally distributed along the horizontal and vertical axis. The full foot contact is

of prime importance where only the toe or the ball of the foot is used, their function is limited. There are no deflections and no use of sharp bends or curves of the upper or lower part of the body. Torso movements emerge from the change of the shoulder line rather than through the manipulations of the backbone or upper chest and lower waist muscles. In the basic stance, the dancer stands straight, holds

one hand at a level higher than the head and the other is extended out on the level of the shoulder. 19 Ans D Topic: Dance

Level: difficult Type: factual Explanation: Kathakali is dance drama whereas Mohiniyattam is mainly a solo dance performed by girls.

Mohiniyattam literally interpreted as the dance of ‘Mohini’, the celestial enchantress of the Hindu mythology, is the classical solo dance form of Kerala 20 Ans C

Topic: Dance Level: difficult Type: factual

Explanation: The dance form Kuchipudi developed in what is now known as the state of Andhra Pradesh in southern India. Kuchipudi derives its name from the village Kuchelapuram, where it was nurtured by great scholars and artists who built up the repertoire and refined the dance technique.

Unique feature of Kuchipudi is the Tarangam, in which the performer dances on the edges of a brass plate, executing complicated rhythmic patterns with dexterity, while sometimes also balancing a pot of water on the head

21 Ans A Topic: Dance


Level: easy Type: factual

Explanation: The Sattriya dance form was introduced in the 15th century A.D by the great Vaishnava saint and reformer of Assam, Mahapurusha Sankaradeva as a powerful medium for propagation of the Vaishnava faith

22 Ans B Topic: Mughal period Level: easy

Type: factual 23 Ans D Topic: Dance

Level: moderate Type: factual Explanation: The Yak Chaam dance is performed by the Bhutia community to honour the Yak which is native to the

state of Sikkim. The meat, wool, horns, hooves and every part of the Yak is used by the Sikimeese and there are many families which are dependent on the Yak for their survival. Perhaps this explains why there is a special dance that celebrates the Yak. The Yak Chaam dance also portrays the relationship between the herdsman and the Yak and draws parallel to the lives of many Bhutias

24 Ans B Topic: Dance Level: difficult

Type: factual Explanation: Karma is a folk dance basically done at the time of Karma festival. Both women and men actively take part in Karma dance at the time of Karma festival which occurs in month of August. Additionally this

dance art is performed in honour and celebration of plantation of new trees. It is believed in Jharkhand that Karma which is a sacred tree brings prosperity and good fortune. Therefore in the month of August the people of Jharkhand celebrate this with a festival and dance. In this dance the dancers form a circle

around their new plantation of tress and then perform it by encircling their hands on each other’s waist. In addition in this dance they even pass branch of tree to each other 25 Ans D

Topic: Dance Level: difficult Type: factual Explanation:

Dumhal, Spaw and devil dances are folk dance form from Jammu and Kashmir. Lava dance is from Lakshadweep 26 Ans A

Topic: Dance, Music, Paintings, Literature, Food, Fairs and Festivals Level: difficult Type: factual

27 Ans A Topic: Dance, Music, Paintings, Literature, Food, Fairs and Festivals Level: difficult Type: current affairs

28 Ans A TOPIC: Literature and Philosophy Level: moderate

Type: current affairs Explanation:


“Sowa-Rigpa” commonly known as ‘Amchi’ is one of the oldest surviving system of medicine in the world, popular in the Himalayan region of India. In India this system is practiced in Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh,

Darjeeling (West Bengal), Lahoul and Spiti (Himachal Pradesh) and Ladakh region of Jammu & Kashmir 29 Ans D Topic: Literature and philosophy

Level: moderate Type: factual Explanation: Varahamihira was born in 499 A.D. into a family of Brahmins settled at Kapittha, a village near Ujjain.

His father, Adityadasa was a worshipper of the Sun god and it was he who taught Varahamihira astrology. On a visit to Kusumapura (Patna) young Varahamihira met the great astronomer and mathematician, Aryabhata. The meeting inspired him so much the he decided to take up astrology and astronomy as a lifetime pursuit. At that time, Ujjain was the centre of learning, where many schools of

arts, science and culture were flourishing in the prosperity of the Gupta reign. Varahamihira, therefore, shifted to this city, where scholars from distant lands were gathering. In due course, his astrological skills came to the notice of Vikramaditya Chandragupta ii, who made him one of the Nine Gems of his court. He wrote Panchasiddantika and Brihatsamhita.

Ashtadhyayi, a book on Sanskrit grammar was written by Panini 30 Ans C Topic: Literature and philosophy

Level: moderate Type: factual Explanation: India was a pioneer in conceptualizing numbers, the values of decimal place and the 'zero' as early as AD

100 31 Ans A Topic: music

Level: difficult Type: factual Explanation:

The Khongjom day is observed on 23rd April every year to pay rich tributes to the great warriors who laid down their lives to safeguard the freedom of the land during the Anglo-Manipur of 1891. They are the martyrs of Manipur. Lack of unity among the ruling princes and the British interference in the affairs of the state were the key factors of the war. The Anglo-Manipur war was a great historical event. The military

conflict was definitely a war between two independent countries, though the British looked at it as a rebellion. The historical facts (British imperial documentation and the Manipur chronicles and traditions perpetuated by a living ballad) point to the conflict as a war between two nations. Killing of five British officers including Mr James Wallace Quinton, the chief commissioner of Assam was the immediate cause

of the war 32 Ans C Topic: Dance

Level: moderate Type: conceptual Explanation: In Indian mythology, Lord Shiva is considered as the supreme lord of dance. This divine art form is

performed by Lord Shiva & his wife Goddess Parvathi. The Dance performd by Lord Shiva is known as Tandava, which depicts his violent nature as the distructor of the universe. The tandava performed with joy is called Ananda Tandava and performed in violent mood is called Rudra Tandava. There are 7 types of Tandava. Namely Ananda Tandava, Tripura Tandava, Sandhya Tandava, Samara Tandava, Kaali

tandava, Uma Tandava and Gauri Tandava. There are few people who believa that there are 16 types of Tandava. Tandava has vigourous, brisk movements. The dance performed by Goddess Parvathi is known as Lasya, in which the movements are gentle, graceful and sometimes erotic also. Some scholars call Lasya as the feminine version of Tandava. Lasya has 2 kinds: Jarita Lasya and Yauvaka Lasya

33 Ans D Topic: Dance Level: difficult


Type: factual Explanation:

According to Natya-Shastra by BharatMuni, classical dancing has three main aspects namely Nritta, Nritya, and Natya. NRITTA = Nritta is the illustration of rhythm through graceful body movements. It emphasizes the significance of acute synchronization between rhythm and time, with dance movements.

NATYA = Natya is achieving a story through speech, music, Nritya = combination of both the above 34 Ans A

Topic: dance Level: easy Type: current affairs Explanation:

Birju Maharaj is a leading exponent and torch-bearer of the Kalka-Bindadin gharana of Lucknow. He is the only son and disciple of Shri Achhan Maharaj and is a familiar face of Indian Kathak dance all over the world. Pandit Birju Maharaj has won several honors and awards including the coveted Padma Vibhushan (1986).

He has also been awarded with the Kalidas Samman by the Government of Madhya Pradesh, Soviet Land Nehru Award, Sangam Kala Award. In 2002, He was the recipient of the Lata Mangeshkar Puraskaar. Pandit Birju Maharaj has also been conferred with the honorary Doctorate degrees from Banaras Hindu University, and Khairagarh University

35 Ans A Topic: music Level: easy

Type: factual Explanation: In Kannada poetry, Vachana Sahitya is a form of rhythmic writing that evolved in the eleventh century and flourished in the twelfth, as a part of the “Lingayatha” movement. More than 259 Vachanakaras

(Vachana writers) have compiled over 11,000 vachanas. 21,000 of these verses, which were published in the 15-volume “Samagra Vachana Samputa” by the government of Karnataka, have been digitised. Some famous vachanakaras are;

Basavanna Allama Prabhu Akka Mahadevi Siddharama

Channabasavanna Palkuriki_Somanatha Sarvajna

36 Ans D Topic: painting Level: difficult Type: factual


Explanation: The Bhimbetka rock art sites that we saw next, about 45 kilometres south-east of Bhopal, have become

famous: they are the ones that are always mentioned whenever Indian rock art is alluded to. They were discovered and revealed to the world by V.S. Wakankar, from 1957 onwards. Bhimbetka, set in the Vindhyan range of central India, is about ten kilometres by two. On seven hills more than 500 painted sandstone shelters are known in an environment of forests, nowadays threatened by population increase

and pressure. Some of the painted sites are very minor, with a few images only whereas there will be hundreds in others. They were put on the World Heritage List of UNESCO in 2003. Fifteen or so of the most spectacular ones, in an environment of convoluted cliffs on the top of a hill with a large vista, are open to the public. They have been skilfully fitted up with unobtrusive but efficient passageways and

protections, so that visitors can view the paintings at leisure but are kept sufficiently away not to cause any damage. Guards provide information whenever necessary and see to it that the regulations are not broken. Excavations carried out at Bhimbetka have revealed occupational deposits ranging from the Acheulian to

Historical times. As to the art, the three main periods recognized by most Indian researchers (Mesolithic roughly 12,000 to 5,000 BP, Chalcolithic (rougly 5,000 to 2,500 BP) and Historical, from 2,500 BP onwards) are present on the shelter walls. The first impressions one has of the art have been graphically described:

Used colours included various shades of white, yellow, orange, red ochre, purple, brown, green and black. But white and red were their favourite 37 Ans B

Topic: Vijayanagar and Bahamani kingdoms Level: difficult Type: Factual Explanation:

The disinitigration of Bahani kingdom of Deccan gave birth to 5 sultanates Barid shahis of Bidar Adil shahis of Bijapur Qutb shahis of Golkonda

Nizam shahis of Ahmad nagar Imad shahis of Berar

38 Ans A Topic: paintings Level: moderate

Type: factual Explanation: Some of the characteristics of pre-historic paintings are: Human beings are represented in a stick-like form.

A long-snouted animal, a fox, a multi-legged lizard are main animal motifs in the early paintings (later many animals were drawn). Wavy lines, rectangular filled geometric designs and a group of dots also can be seen. Superimposition of paintings – earliest is Black, then red and later White

39 Ans C Topic: Paintings Level: moderate

Type: factual 40 Ans B Topic: Paintings

Level: difficult Type: factual Explanation: Chhattisgarh is very rich in rock paintings ranging in age from Mesolithic to Historical period and as said

above, some of the rock paintings date back even to prehistoric period. Many of the rock paintings throw interesting light on the life ways and art of Early Man. At Chitwa Dongri (Durg Dist.) interesting depiction of a Chinese human figure riding a donkey, pictures of dragons and those of agricultural scenes are depicted


41 Ans B

Topic: painting Level: moderate Type: factual Explanation:

Thanjavur painting is a classical South Indian painting style, which was inaugurated from the town of Thanjavur (anglicized as Tanjore) and spread across the adjoining and geographically contiguous Tamil country

42 Ans A Topic: paintings Level: difficult Type: factual

Explanation: In Bengal, a new group of nationalist artists gathered around Abinandranatha Tagore (1871-1951). Abanindranath Tagore was a nephew of Rabindranath Tagore. This new group of painters rejected the art of Raja Ravi Varma as imitative and westernized. They declared that such a style was unsuitable for

depicting the nation’s ancient myths and legends. This group felt that a genuine Indian style of painting must draw the inspiration from the non-western art tradition and should try to capture the spiritual essence of the East. So, these artists started doing experiments. They did the following things: They broke away from the tradition of oil painting and broke away from the realistic style of Raja Ravi Varma and

company artists The turned to the inspiration to medieval Indian traditions of the miniature paintings and ancient art of mural paintings in Ajanta Caves. The paintings of Ajanta and Bagh, Mogul, Rajput and Pahari miniatures provided the models

43 Ans D Topics: painting Level: difficult Type: factual

Explanation: Paitkar paintings Paitkar paintings of Jharkhand comprise one of the most popular paintings in the state. The Paitkar

paintings at Jharkhand are one of the most ancient schools of painting in India. The Paitkar paintings of Jharkhand have links with the socio-religious custom of holding yajnas and giving alms to the different Hindu gods and goddess and even the tribal gods of Jharkhand. The Paitkar paintings are also popularly known as the scroll paintings of Jharkhand. This painting is popular in West

Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and other adjacent states of India. The form of painting has got its name from its character. The paintings that belong to this school have a common subject of what happens to human life after death. While on the contrary, this scroll painting also mirrors the Bengali and Jharkhandi daily life

44 Ans B Topic: painting


Level: moderate Type: factual

Explanation: The Warlis or Varlis are an indigenous tribe or Adivasis, living in mountainous as well as coastal areas of Maharashtra-Gujarat border and surrounding areas Their mural paintings are similar to those done between 500 and 10,000 BCE in the Rock Shelters of

Bhimbetka, in Madhya Pradesh 45 Ans B Topic: painting

Level: easy Type: factual Explanation: Mithila painting (also known as Madhubani painting) is practiced in the Mithila region of India and Nepal.

Painting is done with fingers, twigs, brushes, nib-pens, and matchsticks, using natural dyes and pigments, and is characterized by eye-catching geometrical patterns. There is ritual content for particular occasions, such as birth or marriage, and festivals

46 Ans A Topic: festivals and fairs Level: easy Type: factual

Explanation: This peculiar event is a major attraction in one of the popular festivals in south India, Onam. Puli Kali is a form of folk art, dance, music and drama that depicts the theme of tiger hunting. Performers are painted like tigers and hunters in yellow, red and black… and they enact their roles to the beats of

instruments like Udukku and Thakil 47 Ans A Topic: festivals and fairs

Level: easy Type: current affairs Explanation:

Kambala is an annual Buffalo Race held traditionally under the sponsorship of local land lords and households, in coastal Karnataka, which is pre dominantly Tulu speaking and hence called Tulu Nadu or Tulu region

48 Ans D Topic: festivals and fairs Level: moderate Type: factual

49 Ans C Topic: Festivals and fairs Level: easy

Type: current affairs Explanation: The Nehru Trophy Boat Race is a popular Vallam Kali held in the Punnamada Lake near Alappuzha, Kerala, India. Vallam Kali or Vallamkali literally means boat play/game, but can be translated to boat

race in English. The most popular event of the race is the competition of Chundan Vallams (snake boats). Hence the race is also known as Snake Boat Race in English 50 Ans A

Topic: festivals and fairs Level: moderate Type: current affairs Explanation:

This practice of rolling over leftover food is witnessed at the Kukke Subramania Temple (Karnataka), which is known as Made Snana. This practice is observed by the lower castes people on the food leftovers of Brahmins on banana leaves and is blindly believed that such an act helps the lower castes to get rid of various ailments. This event has been linked with several controversies since 2010


51 Ans D Topic- Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre Difficulty level- Moderate Type-Factual

Explanation: Rashtriya Madhayamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) aims for universalization of access to education at secondary stage. RMSA aims to—

• Achieve gross enrolment ratio of 75% for classes of 9th and 10thwithin 5 years by providing a secondary school within a reasonable distance from every habitation • Provide universal access to secondary education by 2017 and universal retention by 2020

52 Ans D Topic- Indian Economic Development and employment Difficulty level- Moderate Type-Factual

Explanation: To address the convergence of education and skills number of initiatives has been established: a) National Skills Development Corporation (NSDC) b) National Skills Development Agency (NSDA)

c) National Skills Qualification Framework (NSQF) The NSQF provides framework for the much needed convergence between Education and skills by enabling mobility between formal and Vocational education. It also provides a framework for enabling recognition of the large numbers of

informally skilled individuals – opportunity for future career progression 53 Ans C Topic- Salient features of Indian Society

Difficulty level- Easy Type-Conceptual Explanation:

The major causes of skewed sex ratio: • Social: High preference for sons, a sense of financial security for parents during old age, Institution of marriage and dowry, are some of the important causes for adverse sex ratio. • Migration: Migration takes place on a large scale from rural areas to developing areas in search of

livelihood. Since usually men migrate, the place where in migration is there, the sex ratio gets skewed e.g. Delhi, Daman and Diu etc 54 Ans B

Topic- Food security Difficulty level- Difficult Type-Factual Explanation:

• The previous Govt. had come up with a program called “Pulses Villages” under ‘Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana’. • 5000-odd villages are adopted and intensive cultivation of pulses was practised with the right mixture of bio-fertilizers alongside the training and awareness to farmers.

• This has contributed to increase in production of pulses in the country. However, demand also has increased in parallel 55 Ans D

Topic- Issues relating to development of Human Resources Difficulty level- Moderate Type-Factual Explanation:

NYP aims to empower youth to utilise their full potential with the following priority areas: 1. Education, employment and skill development 2. Entrepreneurship 3. Health and healthy lifestyle


4. Sports 5. Promotion of social values

6. Community engagement 7. Participation in politics and governance 8. Youth engagement 9. Inclusion and social justice

56 Ans C Topic- E-governance- applications Difficulty level- Moderate

Type-Factual Explanation: URJA’- Urban Jyoti Abhiyaan Mobile application for Urban Power Distribution Sector. The mobile app has been developed by Power Finance Corporation (PFC) on behalf of Union Ministry of

Power The aim of the app is to enhance consumer connect with the Urban Power Distribution sector by providing information of IT enabled towns .The app allows users to get information of performance of their town, State level DISCOMs on different parameters including their ranking, pending consumer

complaints. It will provide information on average percentage of consumers making e-Payments, power cuts as well as power loss or theft. The app will also give information on various schemes and initiatives undertaken by the Union Government to improve the power supply

57 Ans C Topic- Infrastructure: Energy Difficulty level- Moderate

Type-Conceptual Explanation: Major Challenges in Shale Gas Exploitation: Use of sand/ceramic and high pressure water helps to fracture the shale and shale gas escapes out

through there fractures. There is fear of, this injected mixture or the escaping gas contaminating the groundwater. Many wells will have to be dug to sustain commercially viable production. Typically100-500 sq.km land

would be required. The fracturing mixture is injected at high pressure which has been speculated to have potential to cause earthquake. Advancement in technology has led to shale exploitation in areas which was previously impossible

58 Ans C Topic- Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors Difficulty level- Difficult

Type-Factual Explanation: Mission Indradhanush was launched in the year 2014 by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare with a dominant motive to immunize all the children under two years of age and

Pregnant women with vaccines for seven major preventable diseases. Under Mission Indradhanush, a local ASHA worker identifies potential beneficiaries, i.e. Children who are left out or not vaccinated and prepares a due list of her area In high-risk settlement areas in the rural strata of a state where large number of

Unvaccinated children are present, ANMs and ASHA workers go door-to-door to identify and immunize the unimmunised children 59 Ans A

Topic- Social empowerment Difficulty level- Moderate Type-Factual Explanation:

‘Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran Pariyojana’ implemented by Ministry of Rural Development is to empower women in agriculture by making systematic investments to enhance their participation and productivity, as also create and sustain agriculture based livelihoods of rural women


60 Ans B Topic- Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors

Difficulty level- Moderate Type-Factual Explanation: Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MDWS) has initiated ‘Swachhta Pakhwada’ (cleaning fortnight)

under which all Ministries follow a fixed calendar to clean up their offices and areas that come under their purview 61 Ans A

Topic- Mechanisms for the protection and betterment of vulnerable sections Difficulty level- Easy Type-Factual Explanation:

If a household own any of these items, they’ll be excluded. (List is indicative and not comprehensive) • Vehicle • Kisan Credit Card with credit limit of Rs. 50k and above

• Any member is Government employee • Any member is earning more than Rs.10k per month. • Paying income tax • Paying professional tax

• House has pucca walls and roof + Three or more rooms • Own a refrigerator • Own Landline phone • Owns irrigated land above a limit

62 Ans D Topic- Disaster and disaster management. Difficulty level- Moderate

Type-Factual Explanation: National Disaster Management Plan based on the four priority themes of the Sendai Framework namely:

understanding disaster risk, improving disaster risk governance, investing in disaster risk reduction (through structural and non-structural measures) and disaster preparedness, early warning and building back better in the aftermath of a disaster

63 Ans B Topic-Social empowerment Difficulty level- Difficult Type-Factual

Explanation: Sakhi is the One Stop Centre Scheme of the Ministry of Women and Child Development with the following objectives: • To support women affected by violence.

• It will offer medical aid, police assistance, legal aid, counselling and shelters. • These centres will be connected with 181 and other helplines 64 Ans B

Topic- Food Security Difficulty level- Difficult Type-Factual Explanation:

The Department of Agriculture & Cooperation has approved the Price Stabilisation Fund (PSF) as a Central Sector Scheme, with a corpus of Rs.500 crores, to support market interventions for price control of perishable agro-horticultural commodities. PSF will be used to advance interest free loan to State Governments and Central agencies to support their working capital and other expenses on procurement

and distribution interventions for such commodities. For this purpose, the States will set up a revolving fund to which Centre and State will contribute equally (50:50). The ratio of Centre-State contribution to the State level corpus in respect of North East States will however be 75:25. The revolving fund is being mooted so that requirements for all future interventions can be decided and met with at the State level it.


Central Agencies will, however, set up their revolving fund entirely with the advance from the Centre. Procurement of these commodities will be undertaken directly from farmers or farmers’ organizations at

farm gate/mandi and made available at a more reasonable price to the consumers. Initially the fund is proposed to be used for onion and potato only. However the Government has given clear directives that procurement of pulses is to be done under Price Support Scheme, if market price is below MSP and under Price Stabilisation Fund, if prices are above MSP Losses incurred, if any, in the operations will be shared

between the Centre and the States 65 Ans C Topic- Major crops cropping patterns in various parts of the country

Difficulty level- Moderate Type-Factual Explanation:

66 Ans B Topic- Important International institutions, agencies and fora, their structure, mandate Difficulty level- Difficult

Type-Factual Explanation: India is ranked 39th in the Global Competitiveness Index released by the World Economic Forum (WEF) for 2016-17, up by 16 places.

67 Ans C


Topic- Indian Economy-mobilization of resources Difficulty level- Difficult

Explanation: Type-Factual Explanation: • The Project SAKSHAM is a New Indirect Tax Network (Systems Integration) of the Central

• Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC). • It seeks to bolster the information technology network for the new Goods and Services Tax • (GST) regime that the Union Government intends to roll out from 1st April 2017. The Project SAKSHAM will help in-

• Integration of CBEC IT systems with the Goods and Services Tax Network (GSTN). • Extension of Indian Customs Single Window Interface for Facilitating Trade (SWIFT) • Other taxpayer-friendly initiatives under Digital India and Ease of Doing Business of CBEC

68 Ans B Topic- Major crops cropping patterns in various parts of the country Difficulty level- Moderate Type-Conceptual

Explanation: India is one of the largest vegetable oil economies in the world next to USA, China, Brazil and Argentina. India is also third largest cultivator of oilseeds in the world and paradoxically meets into more than 50% requirement through imports. Due to diverse agro-climatic conditions and geographical locations, farmers

are able to grow all the nine annual oilseeds viz. groundnut, rapeseed, soybean, sunflower, sesame, safflower, niger, castor and linseed. In India, oilseeds are second most important crop after cereals sharing 14% of the country’s gross cropped area and accounting for nearly 3% of GDP. Like pulses, oilseeds face severe challenges in terms of climatic stresses and unfavourable farming conditions.

Oilseeds cultivation is mainly undertaken on marginal land by resource poor farmers who are generally reluctant to provide necessary inputs for increasing the productivity 69 Ans C

Topic- Infrastructure: Energy Difficulty level- Easy Type-Factual

Explanation: It is a flagship programme of Power Ministry and will facilitate 24X7 electricity supply 70 Ans B

Topic- Indigenization of technology Difficulty level- Difficult Type-Factual Explanation:

Surya Jyoti – Photo-Voltaic (PV) Integrated Micro Solar Dome (MSD) is used to capture day light and concentrate the same inside a dark room, particularly in urban slum or rural areas which lack electricity supply

71 Ans D Topic- Issues relating to development and management of Human Resources Difficulty level- Difficult Type-Factual

Explanation: • The Union Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship has launched of Pradhan Mantri Yuva Yojana (PMYY) to scale up an ecosystem of entrepreneurship for youngsters. • It is MSDE’s flagship scheme on entrepreneurship education and training. The scheme spans over five

years (2016-17 to 2020-21) • It will provide entrepreneurship education and training 72 Ans B

Topic- Issues relating to development and management of Human Resources Difficulty level- Moderate Type-Factual Explanation:


KIRAN (Knowledge Involvement in Research Advancement through Nurturing) is an initiative of the Ministry of Science and technology launched in 2014; it enables gender parity in science through

nurturing research careers of women scientists 73 Ans B Topic- Indigenization of technology and developing new technology

Difficulty level- Easy Type-Factual Explanation: A state of the art world class 3.6 meter Devasthal Optical Telescope was remotely activated jointly by

India and Belgium. The telescope is installed at Devasthal near Nainital. It is the largest steerable imaging telescope in Asia 74 Ans D

Topic- Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday Difficulty level- Difficult Type-Conceptual Explanation:

Handheld radar guns used by police to check for speeding vehicles rely on the Doppler Effect. The difference between the emitted frequency and the reflected frequency is used to determine the speed of the vehicle. Meteorologists use a similar principle to read weather events. In this case, the stationary transmitter is

located in a weather station and the moving object being studied is a storm system. In a Doppler echocardiogram, sound waves of a certain frequency are transmitted into the heart. The sound waves bounce off blood cells moving through the heart and blood vessels. The movement of these cells, either toward or away from the transmitted waves, results in a frequency shift that can be

measured. This helps cardiologists determine the speed and direction of blood flow in the heart 75 Ans B Topic- Environment and Ecology

Difficulty level- Moderate Type-Conceptual Explanation:

Seaweed refers to several species of macroscopic, multi-cellular, marine algae. They are found mostly in shallow seas. 76 Ans D

Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level-Moderate Type-Factual Explanation: Indian agriculture does not show high efficiency or productivity, though there is an

improvement since independence. Some reasons for this situation are as follows-Population Pressure, Uneconomic Holdings, Uncertain Monsoons and Inadequate Irrigation Facilities, Subsistence Nature of Farming, Poor Organisation of Resources and Lack of Entrepreneurship, Soil Erosion etc

77 Ans A Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level-Easy Type-Factual

Explanation: Rotavirus vaccine is a vaccine used to protect against rotavirus infections. These viruses are the leading cause of severe diarrhoea among young children.[2] The vaccines prevent 15 to 34% of severe diarrhoea in the developing world and 37 to 96% of severe diarrhoea in the developed world. The vaccines appear to

decrease the risk of death among young children due to diarrhoea. Immunizing babies appears to decrease rates of disease among older people and those who have not been immunized 78 Ans B

Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level-Moderate Type-Factual Explanation:


Kilkari, Mobile Academy, M-Cessation and TB Missed Call initiative by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare are part of the Government’s Digital India programme, is in line with its commitment to prioritise

public health and strengthen citizen-centric health services by leveraging India’s expanding mobile phone penetration. Kilkari, which means ‘a baby’s gurgle’, delivers free, weekly, time-appropriate 72 audio messages about pregnancy, child birth and child care directly to families’ mobile phones from the second trimester of

pregnancy until the child is one year old. 79 Ans D Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra

Difficulty level-Moderate Type-Factual Explanation: India is the largest producer of fruits and second largest producer of vegetables in the world. In spite of

that per capita availability of fruits and vegetables is quite low because of post-harvest losses which account for about 25% to 30% of production. Besides, quality of a sizable quantity of produce also deteriorates by the time it reaches the consumer. Most of the problems relating to the marketing of fruits and vegetables can be traced to their perishability

80 Ans D Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level-Moderate

Type-Factual Explanation: The mission aims to create 300 such Rurban growth clusters over the next 3 years, across the country. The funding for Rurban Clusters will be through various schemes of the Government converged into the

cluster. The SPMRM will provide an additional funding support of upto 30 percent of the project cost per cluster as Critical Gap Funding (CGF) as Central Share to enable development of such Rurban clusters 81 Ans A

Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level-Moderate Type-Factual

Explanation: ‘Grand Innovation Challenge’ to seek citizens inputs on the key developmental challenges facing India. The ‘Grand Innovation Challenge’ is being launched on the MyGov portal by Niti Ayog , to involve citizens at the very first stage in innovating for India’s development. The idea is to work together with the States

and every citizen as Team India to ensure progress. The focus is on the social sector, the most vulnerable sections and to involve citizens in crowd sourcing ideas to address challenges facing India’s development 82 Ans C

Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level-Moderate Type-Factual Explanation:

The total wind energy potential in India has been estimated at over 50,000 MW. India’s wind energy sector has seen significant investments spurred by the development potential, availability of wind farm equipment at competitive prices and conducive government policies. Currently more than 70% of the installed generation capacity from renewable sources is accounted by wind power. Wind power generation

capacity in India has significantly increased in the last few years and as of 31 January 2017 the installed capacity of wind power was 28,871.59 MW, mainly spread across the South, West and North regions. Limitations: • Wind machines must be located where strong, dependable winds are available most of the time.

• Winds do not blow strongly enough to produce power all the time, energy from wind machines is considered “intermittent,” that is, it comes and goes. Therefore, electricity from wind machines must have a back-up supply from another source. • Electricity produced by wind power sometimes fluctuates in voltage and power factor, which can cause

difficulties in linking its power to a utility system 83 Ans A Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra


Difficulty level-Moderate Type-Factual

Explanation: The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is constantly upgrading its research agenda to meet the future challenges and prepared a 'Vision-2050'. The “MeraGaonMeraGaurav” has been conceptualized in which scientists of ICAR and Agricultural Universities will identify villages in the vicinity of the

Institutions for providing advisories and consultations to farmers for increasing farm productivity and production 84 Ans C

Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level-Moderate Type-Factual

85 Ans A Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level-Moderate Type-Factual

Explanation: ‘IMPRINT India’, a Pan-IIT and IISc joint initiative to develop a roadmap for research to solve major engineering and technology challenges in ten technology domains. The objectives of this initiative is to (1) identify areas of immediate relevance to society requiring innovation, (2) direct scientific research into

identified areas, (3) ensure higher funding support for research into these areas and (4) measure outcomes of the research effort with reference to impact on the standard of living in the rural/urban areas

86 Ans D Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level-Moderate Type-Factual

Explanation: National Clean Energy Fund (NCEF) is created for funding research and innovative projects in clean energy technologies. In many areas of the country pollution level has reached alarming proportions.

“Polluter pays” remains the basic guiding criteria for pollution management. National Action Plan on Climate Change effectively pulls together a number of the government’s existing national plans on water, renewable energy, energy efficiency agriculture and others – bundled with additional ones – into a set of eight missions.

BEE Ratings - objectives of BEE are, to exert leadership and provide policy recommendation and direction to national energy conservation and efficiency efforts and programs.To leverage multi-lateral and bi-lateral and private sector support in implementation of Energy Conservation Act and efficient use of energy and its conservation programs.

National Bio fuel Policy - The Policy will bring about accelerated development and promotion of the cultivation, production and use of Biofuels to increasingly substitute petrol and diesel for transport and be used in stationary and other applications, while contributing to energy security, climate change mitigation, apart from creating new employment opportunities and leading to environmentally sustainable

development. The Policy endeavours to facilitate and bring about optimal development and utilization of indigenous biomass feed stocks for production of bio-fuels 87 Ans D

Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level- Easy Type-Factual Explanation:

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores higher HDI when the lifespan is higher, the education level is higher, and the GDP per capita is higher. The HDI was developed by the Pakistani economist Mahbub-ul-Haq working alongside Indian

economist Amartya Sen 88 Ans B Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra


Difficulty level-Moderate Type-Factual

Explanation: India is the biggest producer, as well as the largest consumer and importer of pulses. India having the largest shares about 25% production, about 33% acreage and about 27% consuming of total pulses of the world. The major pulses producing states are Madhya Pradesh (25%), Utter Pradesh (13%), Maharashtra

(12%), Rajasthan (11%), Andhra Pradesh (9%) and other states together (30%) during 2012-13. However, the production of pulses has lagged in relation to its demands. The reasons for it are as follows – 1. Lower MSP rates 2.Restrictions on export 3. Productivity issue 4. Lack of irrigation facilities; Most of the pulse grown areas depend on rain etc

89 Ans D Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level- Easy

Type-Factual Explanation: The Stand-up India initiative is aimed at promoting entrepreneurship among SCs/STs, women communities.

Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) is an Indian government welfare programme which provides food, preschool education, and primary healthcare to children under 6 years of age and their mothers. The MGNREGA was initiated with the objective of "enhancing livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year, to every household whose

adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work" At least one third beneficiaries have to be women. Participation of women: Since the income of female workers typically raises the standard of living of their households to a greater extent than their male counterparts, the participation of women must be increased through raising awareness about MGNREGA

90 Ans A Topic- Yojana and Kurukshetra Difficulty level-Moderate

Type-Factual Explanation: India ranks first in milk production, accounting for 18.5 % of world production, achieving an annual

output of 146.3 million tonnes during 2014-15 as compared to 137.69 million tonnes during 2013-14 recording a growth of 6.26 %. Whereas, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has reported a 3.1 % increase in world milk production from 765 million tonnes in 2013 to 789 million tonnes in 2014. The per capita availability of milk in India has increased from 176 grams per day in 1990-91 to 322

grams per day by 2014-15. 91 Ans D


92 Ans A

Explanation: The Large Underground Xenon experiment (LUX) aims to directly detect weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter interactions with ordinary matter on Earth. Despite the wealth of (gravitational) evidence supporting the existence of non-baryonic dark matter in the Universe dark matter

particles in our galaxy have never been directly detected in an experiment. LUX utilizes a 370 kg liquid xenon detection mass in a time-projection chamber (TPC) to identify individual particle interactions, searching for faint dark matter interactions with unprecedented sensitivity

93 Ans B Explanation: Stratellite is a brand name trademark of Sanswire for a future emissions-free, high-altitude stratospheric airship that provides a stationary communications platform for various types of wireless signals usually

carried by communications towers or satellites. The Stratellite is a concept that has undergone several years of research and development, and is not yet commercially available


94 Ans B

India’s 3 stage nuclear programmes consists of

95 Ans B 96 Ans C The Salient Features of the Solar Power Tree are:

• It takes only 4 square feet of land for a 5 KW Solar Power tree, whereas in a conventional layout, it requires 400 square feet of land. •By holding the photovoltaic panels at a higher height, on an average it gets more sunrays for one hour in a day. As a result, it is possible to harness 10-15% more power in comparison to a conventional layout on

ground. •It has a battery back-up of 2 hours on full load, hence giving light even after sunset. •It is facilitated with water sprinkler at the top for self-cleaning of panels, that increases the efficiency of the solar panels.

•The estimated cost of the device is around Rs. 5 Lakh for a 5 KW specification 97 Ans A SCATSAT-1 is a continuity mission for Oceansat-2 Scatterometer to provide wind vector data products for

weather forecasting, cyclone detection and tracking services to the users 98 Ans B The 2016 Physics Laureates have used advanced mathematical methods to study unusual phases, or

states, of matter, such as superconductors, superfluids or thin magnetic films. Topology is the mathematical study of the properties that are preserved through deformations, twistings, and stretchings of objects. Tearing, however, is not allowed. A circle is topologically equivalent to an ellipse (into which it can be deformed by stretching) and a sphere is equivalent to an ellipsoid

99 Ans C There are six schedules which give varying degrees of protection. Out of the six schedules, Schedule I and

part II of Schedule II provide absolute protection and offences under these are prescribed the highest penalties. The penalties for Schedule III and Schedule IV are less and these animals are protected. Schedule V includes the animals which may be hunted. These are Common crow, Fruit bats, Mice & Rats only. Schedule VI contains the plants, which are prohibited from cultivation and planting


100 Ans D Neerdhur: CSIR-NEERI’s initiative to develop a domestic multi-fuel stove: NEERDHUR, an Improved Cook

Stove (ICS) has been developed by adopting a comprehensive approach of technological innovations for improved stove efficiency, emission reduction and intensive stakeholder interactions to address issues of adoption such as stove cost, stove maintenance, fuel affordability, and availability. The NEERI stove “NEERDHUR” addresses adoption and sustainability related challenges of ICS. It is a multi-fuel (biomass,

charcoal, agro residue etc.) stove with hybrid operation modes

his+yoj+kur+sr byju’s classes...aryabhatta was born in kerala and lived from 476 ad to 550 ad he...

Documents