high temperature product gas treatment for clean gas ......2010/12/04 · high temperature product...

Dresden, May 2010

High temperature product gas treatment for clean gas applicationsS. Martini*[email protected]

M. Kleinhappl*, H. Hofbauer**

*Bioenergy 2020+ GmbH, Graz, Austria**Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering

Dresden, May 2010

4th International Freiberg Conference on IGCC & XtL Technologies - IFC2010

Folie 2

Overview

■

Introduction■

Catalytic conversion

■

Harmful gas substances and damage mechanism

■

Test setups■

Real gas Güssing, Austria

■

Real gas Graz, Austria■

Laboratory

■

Characterisation of solids and gas

■

Results and conclusion

Dresden, May 2010


Folie 3

Catalytic processes in biomass conversion steps

gasification

coal, biomass

catalytic reaction application

800 °C

700 °C

500 °C

300 °C

100 °C

Ni SOFCNi tar reforming

Fe, Cr, Cu HT-Shift: H2 /CO ratioFe, Rt ammonia-synthesisNi, Mg methane-synthesis

Co, Cr LT-Shift : H2 /CO ratioCo, ZnO methanol-synthesisCu, Zn, Al2 O3 DMECu, V, Co Fischer-Tropsch-fuelsPt, Co PEM

Product gas900 °C

H2 , CH4 CO, H2 O CO2, N2

treatment

■

particulate matter

■

tar■

sulphur■

chlorine, ammonia, hydrocyanic acid

■

metals, alkali metals (salts)

Dresden, May 2010


Folie 4

Catalyst damage mechanism

inhibit & dilution

blocking of active

centresdeposits material

lossoxidation reduction

chemi- sorption, sintering nitration

CO2 X X

CO X X carbonyl formation X X

H2 O X X X X

particulate matter X

tar X C- formation

sulphur X X

chlorine X X X

ammonia and hydrocyanic acid X X X

alkali metals (salts), metals X X X

Dresden, May 2010


Folie 5

Test set up – Güssing, Austria

Gasification plant Güssing

Desulphurisation

Gas pump and flow control

Fuel Cell test bench

gas flow rate: 5 m3/h (usc)

AirOffgas

Exhaust air

Biomass Product gas

Product gas

yH2 = 40 vol%

yCO = 26 vol%

yCO2 = 22 vol%

yCH4 = 10 vol%

Residual: N2 impurities

Water content: 35 -45 vol%

Product gas, cleaned

Hot gas filtration

Dresden, May 2010


Folie 6

Test set up – Graz, Austria

Staged Gasification Graz

Hot gas filtration + additives

Chlorine, sulphur removal

Sulphur fine cleaning

CO-Shift

gas flow rate: 20 m3/h (usc)

steam

Alternative Biomass Product gas

Product gas

yH2 = 18-23 vol%

yCO = 15-18 vol%

yCO2 = 22-25 vol%

yCH4 = 1-2 vol%

Residual: N2 impurities

Water content: 15 - 25 vol%

Fan, flow control

Dresden, May 2010


Folie 7

Test set up – Laboratory, Graz sorbent investigations

Test gas generation

Sulphur removal HCN removal

Sampling online-detection

gas flow rate: 100 - 200 l/h (usc)

N2 , CO2

Test gas

yN2 = 75 - 100 vol%

yCO2 = 0 - 30 vol%

Water content: 5 - 30 vol%

H2 S content: 50 – 600 mg/m³

HCN content: 140 –m 160 mg/m³

H2 O, H2 S, HCN

ZnO-based ZnO-based

Ash of sewage sludge

Cerium-coated clay spheres

Soda-coated clay spheres

Fume cupboard

Cerium oxide

Dresden, May 2010


Folie 8

Characterisation of solids and gas Methods

■

Continuous monitoring process parameter, main gas components

■

Sampling: tar and particulate matter (tar guideline)

trace elements (absorptive)

■

Additional investigation : total sulphur

HCN-sampling (in CO2

-gases)

solids (dust, sorbents, additives)

■

Analyses: photometric methods, ICP-OES, GC-screening, electron microscopy + EDX, XRF

■

Data comparison operation behaviour, conversion rates, selectivity, separation rates, efficiencies

Dresden, May 2010


Folie 9

Selected results

Güssing Graz Laboratory testsFiltration Metal-membrane

filtercandle

Alumina-silicate-wool

filter

cartrigde

-

Filtration temperature 400 – 500 °C 500 – 700 °C -

Crude

gas dust up to 120,000 mg/m³ up to 10,000 mg/m³ -

Cleaned

gas dust 0 - 5 mg/m³ 5 - 60 mg/m³,

(max. 200 –

depend. on feedstock)-

Desulphurisationvia fixed

bed

adsorption

ZnO-based

pelletsZnO-based

spherical

granules

Soda-coated

granulated

clay

andZnO-based

spherical

granules

ZnO-based

spherical

granulesAsh

of sewage

sludgeCerium-coated

clay

Adsorption temperature 400 – 550 °C 350 – 450 °C 200 – 800 °C

Crude

gas H2

S conc.: 100 – 300 mg/m³ 100 – 700 mg/m³ 50 – 600 mg/m³Resid. H2

S concentration:ZnO: 350 to 450 °CZnO: 450 to 700 °C

0,2 to 5 mg/m³> 25 mg/m³

0,3 to 5 mg/m³-

0 to 2,5 mg/m³2,5 to 5 mg/m³

Application PG-operated

SOFC; 200h HT CO-Shift; 50h -

Dresden, May 2010


Folie 10

Selected results

Surface of applied sorbent

Surface of sorbent, unused

Surface of sorbent, used

Sorbent inside, soda-coated

EDX-spectra

Soda-coated clay

Dresden, May 2010

High temperature producer gas treatment for clean gas applicationsS. Martini*[email protected]

M. Kleinhappl*, H. Hofbauer**

*Bioenergy 2020+ GmbH, Graz, Austria**Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering

high temperature product gas treatment for clean gas ......2010/12/04 · high temperature product...

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