hardware design & simulation of advanced traffic light

8/4/2019 Hardware Design & Simulation of Advanced Traffic Light

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INTRODUCTIONTraffic lights, which may also be known as stoplights,

traffic lamps, traffic signals, stop-and-go light , are

signaling devices positioned at road intersections,

pedestrian crossings and other locations to control

competing flows of traffic. Traffic lights have beeninstalled in most cities around the world. They assign

the right of way to road users by the use of lights in

standard colors (red - amber/yellow - green), using a

universal color code (and a precise sequence to enablecomprehension by those who are color blind).



Typically traffic lights consist of a set of three colored lights: red, amber/yellow

and green. In a typical cycle,Illumination of the green light allows

traffic to proceed in the direction

denoted,Illumination of the amber/yellow light

denoting, if safe to do so, prepare to stop

short of the intersection, andIllumination of the red signal prohibits

any traffic from proceeding.



TOOLS USED TO DESIGN

ADVANCED TRAFFIC LIGHT

1. AVR MICROCONTROLLER2. ATMEL PROGRAMMER.

3. ATMEL 89C51 controller,

4. DRIVER BC557,



Dip Switches

( Jumpers )

Power Supply

LEDIndication

Microcontroller

Timer ON/OFFSwitch

Driver 1Signal Lamp

1

Driver2

Driver 3

Driver 4

Signal Lamp

2

Signal Lamp3

Signal Lamp4



Signal lamp consists of cluster of Red, Green, andYellow LED’s. These lamps requires current of 60mA which microcontroller doesn’t capable to

deliver . Drivers are used to deliver this required current.

The purpose of microcontroller is to switch on thesignal lamps with proper timing and to read the

timer ON/OFF switch and to dip switches for passtime delay.

With the help of timer ON/OFF switch, the Timercan be enabled or disabled.

Led show the status of operation. By configuring jumpers, the pass time delay can be

changed.

5V regulated power supply is required.



DESCRIPTION OF TOOLS USED1. AVR MICROCONTROLLER :-

The AVR is a modified Harvard architecture

machine where program and data is storedin separate physical memory systems thatappear in different address spaces, but

having the ability to read data items fromprogram memory using special instructions.



The AVR was one of the first

microcontroller families to use on-chip flash memory for program

storage, as opposed to one-time

programmable ROM, EPROM, orEEPROM used by other

microcontrollers at the time.



AVR Microcontrollers have been

used in various automotiveapplications.

Some of them are :-

Security,

Safety

Power trainEntertainment systems



2. ATMEL AT89S51 :-

ATMEL AT89S51 is used in the project. Thisparticular microcontroller is chosen becausefollowing features:

1. 4K Bytes of In-System programmable flashmemory.

2. Compatible with MCS®-51 Products

3. 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range

4. Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz5. 128 x 8-bit Internal RAM

6. 32 Programmable I/O Lines

7. Low cost.



3. LED LIGHTS :-

These lights are used for display purpose.



4. Sensors :-

In this , those types of sensors will be used whichwill turn the light green on listening emergency

vehicle’s noise like ambulance.



OBJECTIVE This project aims at use of AVR

Microcontroller for the control of traffic

lights in our traffic system.Few of the main features of this project are :-

Proteus Simulation

Use of LCD lights for traffic control

Right side traffic control also



CONTROL OF TRAFFIC LIGHT IN

CASE OF PASSING OF

AMBULANCE

For this a system known as TRAFFIC SIGNAL

PREEMPTION is used



TRAFFIC SIGNAL PREEMPTIONTraffic signal preemption is a type of system

that allows the normal operation of traffic lights

to be preempted, often to assist emergencyvehicles . The most common use of these

systems is to manipulate traffic signals in the

path of an emergency vehicle like‘AMBULANCE’, stopping conflicting traffic and

allowing the emergency vehicle right-of-way, to

help reduce response times and enhance traffic

safety.



IMPLEMENTATION Traffic preemption devices are implemented in a variety of ways.

They can be installed on road vehicles, integrated with traintransportation network management systems, or operated byremote control from a fixed location, such as a fire station, or by a9-1-1 dispatcher at an emergency call center. Traffic lights must be equipped to receive an activation signal to be controlled byany system intended for use in that area. A traffic signal not equipped to receive a traffic preemption signal will not recognizean activation, and will continue to operate in its normal cycle.

Vehicular devices can be switched on or off as needed, but in thecase of emergency vehicles they are frequently integrated with

the vehicle's emergency warning lights. When activated, thetraffic preemption device will cause properly-equipped trafficlights in the path of the vehicle to cycle immediately, to grant right-of-way in the desired direction, after allowing for normalprogrammed time delays for signal changes and pedestriancrosswalks to clear.

hardware design & simulation of advanced traffic light

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