Halex3 Kft

Burning of wood

Heating value of wood

Water content (%)

Heating value (MJ/kg)

Heating value (kWh/kg)

Burning of woodPhases of the burning

1.Drying process (until 150°C)

In this phase wood shrinks due to heat transmission, wood splits that accelerates the drying process. The higher the water content of the wood is, the more heat has to be transmitted.

Burning of woodPhases of the burning

1.Gasification process

After drying and during pirolysis the components of wood become liquid and after vaporisation combustible gases arise. About 83% of wood will be combusted to gases, the rest is the wood ash.

Burning of wood

Phases of the burning

1.Burning out phase (500-1300°C)

In the third phase the produced gases react with the oxygen content of air and burn in long, yellow flames. The remaining charcoal smoulders with short, blue flames at about 500-800°C.

Burning of woodConditions of the effective wood burning:

1.Low water content2.Adequate, stable furnace chamber temperature3.Enough (primer and secondary) air for the perfect burning (oxidation)4.Adequate mixture of wood gases and oxygen5.Adequate large size of the furnace chamber for the burning out process6.A well-formed heat exchanger surface for the heat transfer (low temperature of smoke gases)

Amount of herbaceous plants’ by-products used as fuel (at harvest time)

Cereals 1.5-3.5 t/ha equals 29-50 GJ/ha

Maize shoots 3.5-5.5 t/ha equals 50-75 GJ/ha

Sunflower shoots 1.9-3.5 t/ha equals 25-45 GJ/ha

Rape straw 3.0-4.0 t/ha equals 45-65 GJ/ha

Mischatus 7-15 t/ha equals 120-260 GJ/ha

Sugar sorghum 20-25 t/ha equals 250-350 GJ/ha

Energy hemp 15-17 t/ha equals 150-230 GJ/ha

Amount of energy crops’ main products used as fuel (at harvest time)

Halex3 Ltd.Automatic chips burner

Halex3 Ltd.Burner-control and engine protection

Halex3 - Plate furnaces

Halex3 – Plate furnaces

„Adequate large size of the furnace chamber for the burning out process”

The chips burner can be attached to any kind of furnace