gustavo caruso section head regulatory activities section department of nuclear safety and security...
TRANSCRIPT
Gustavo Caruso
Section Head
Regulatory Activities Section
Department of Nuclear Safety and Security
STRENGTHENING THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR COUNTRIES EMBARKING
NUCLEAR POWER
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OutlineOutline
• GENERAL OVERVIEW – CURRENT SITUATION
• APPLICABLE IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS and SERVICES
• MAJOR NEEDS TO ESTABLISH A REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
• THE IAEA’S STRATEGY
• CONCLUSIONS
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OutlineOutline
• GENERAL OVERVIEW – CURRENT SITUATION
• APPLICABLE IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS and SERVICES
• MAJOR NEEDS TO ESTABLISH A REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
• THE IAEA’S STRATEGY
• CONCLUSIONS
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Strong Nuclear Safety Infrastructure Needs
• Emerging optimistic and ambitious plans for the development of nuclear energy
• Different situations require customized approaches
• Countries with optimistic plans for the future
• Countries with realistic near term plans to enter nuclear
• Countries expanding their fleet
• Countries extending plant life or decommissioning
• Needs are different, but the prevention of accidents must be a priority for all
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A Changing World and Challenges to the International Nuclear Community
• Globalization• Sustainable and dynamic development• Secure, safe and clean energy supply• Nuclear “Renaissance” (vita nova)• Non-proliferation• Public concern for nuclear safety• Nuclear security• Technology and management innovation
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Safety Conventions and Codes
IAEA Safety Standards are increasingly
complementing international instruments
Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident
Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency
Convention on Nuclear Safety
Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management
Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources
Code of Conduct on the Safety of Research Reactors
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Convention on Nuclear Safety
• Nuclear Power Plants Only- 61 Contracting Parties- Triennial Meeting- National Reports
• Peers Pressure
• Transparency
4th CNS Review Meeting
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4th CNS Review Meeting
Global conclusions and observations (con’t)
• For new NPPs• Necessity to establish the safety infrastructure
well in advance
• Countries starting a nuclear programme should join CNS
• Relevant experience with IRRS missions
• References to safety standards
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OutlineOutline
• GENERAL OVERVIEW – CURRENT SITUATION
• APPLICABLE IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS and SERVICES
• MAJOR NEEDS TO ESTABLISH A REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
• THE IAEA’S STRATEGY
• CONCLUSIONS
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IAEA Safety Standards and Services
• IAEA has statutory obligation to develop international standards of safety
Article III.A.6 of Statutes:• To establish or adopt standards of safety
for the protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property
• To provide for the application of these standards
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IAEA Nuclear Safety Activities
• Establishment and Revision of Nuclear Safety Standards
• Fundamentals, Safety Requirements and Safety Guides
• Safety Standards Application and Feedback• Advisory and Review Services
• Training Courses and Workshops
• Sharing Experience and Knowledge through Networking
• Support for Implementation of Conventions, Codes of Conduct and for Improvement of the Global Nuclear Safety Regime
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Global Nuclear Safety RegimeGlobal Nuclear Safety Regime
National and RegionalNuclear Infrastructure
IAEA Safety Standards IAEA Safety
Reviews and Services
Global Knowledge
Network
RegulationEnforcement
Operation
Research & Education
International Legal InstrumentsConventions and Codes of Conduct
Global Experts’ Community
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Strong Nuclear Safety Infrastructure Needs
Developing a NP programme means 10 to 15 y planning and development before operation and a “100 y commitment”
Three Major Phases• Consideration before decision
• Preparatory work for the construction
• Activities to implement a first NPP
““Considerations to Launch a Nuclear Power Programme”Considerations to Launch a Nuclear Power Programme”
““Nuclear Safety Infrastructure for a National Power Nuclear Safety Infrastructure for a National Power Programme” INSAG-22 Programme” INSAG-22 –NEW-–NEW-
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NUCLEAR SAFETY STANDARDS
Safety GuidesSafety Guides
Safety RequirementsSafety Requirements
Safety FundamentalsSafety Fundamentals NUCLEAR SECURITY SERIES
Structure of Safety and Security Documents Structure of Safety and Security Documents
Implementing GuidesImplementing Guides
RecommendationsRecommendations
Security FundamentalsSecurity Fundamentals
Early stage of developmentEarly stage of developmentMature stage through transparent Mature stage through transparent
development process development process
Global reference for high level of nuclear safety and security
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Structure of Safety Standards
Legal and governmental infrastructure
Emergency preparedness and response
Management systems
Assessment and verification
Site evaluation
Radiation protection
Radioactive waste management
Decommissioning
Remediation of contaminated areas
Thematic standards
Nuclear power plants: design
Radiation related facilities and activities
Research reactors
Fuel cycle facilities
Waste treatment and disposal facilities
Facilities specific standards
Safety Fundamentals
Nuclear power plants: operation
Note: Each area has one Safety Requirement except for the area of Radiation related facilities and activities. G = Safety Guide(s)
(5 G)
(5 G)
(5 G)
(5 G)
(5 G)
(2 G)
(3 G)
(7 G)
(1 G)
(1 G)
(6 G)
(10 G)
(17 G)
(15 G)
(9 G)
(9 G)
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Safety Fundamentals
• Global reference point for the high level of safety required for use of nuclear energy and technology
• Ten principles:1. the prime responsibility for safety must rest
with the operator and the user
2. an effective legal and governmental framework for safety, and a
competent, independent nuclear safety regulatory body with sufficient authority to ensure compliance
…..…..
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Safety Requirements
GOVERNAMENTAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR SAFETY
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BACKGROUND
Published in 2000
Currently under revision.
“GOVERNAMENTAL AND REGULATOTY FRAMEWORK FOR SAFETY” new
First draft approved by all Committees
All MS comments received.
High level consultancy
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Licensing process for Nuclear installations
New Safety Guides (on going):
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Stages of the Licensing Process
Site evaluation
Design
Construction
Commissioning
Operations
Decommissioning
Release
“whole life cycle”
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Establishing a National Nuclear Installations Safety Infrastructure
New Safety Guides (on going):
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• “Road-map” to apply the entire suite of IAEA SS progressively at early phases of the implementation of a nuclear power programme.
Major three elements:
• Institutional Safety ElementsInstitutional Safety Elements
• OrganizationalOrganizational Safety ElementsSafety Elements
• Technical Safety ElementsTechnical Safety Elements
Safety Guide: Establishing a National Nuclear Installations Safety Infrastructure
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OutlineOutline
• GENERAL OVERVIEW – CURRENT SITUATION
• APPLICABLE IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS and SERVICES
• MAJOR NEEDS TO ESTABLISH A REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
• THE IAEA’S STRATEGY
• CONCLUSIONS
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Establishment of Regulatory Framework
• National Policy and Strategy • Establishment of a National Framework
• Establishment of an Independent Regulatory Body
• Responsibility for Safety
• Competence in Safety
• GOVERNMENTAL RESPONSIBILITIES FOR SAFETY and STRATEGIC DECISION OF GOVERNMENT
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Establishment of Regulatory Framework
• International arrangements for cooperation
• Legally Binding International Instruments – Conventions
• International Safety Standards
• Multinational and Bilateral Arrangements for Cooperation
• International Peer Reviews
• Exchange of Operating and Regulatory Experience • National and International
• Lessons learned application
• INTERACTION WITH THE GLOBAL SAFETY REGIME
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Establishment of Regulatory Framework
• Organizational Structure and Allocation of Resources • Effective Independence• Coordination of Regulatory Responsibilities • Management System • Staffing and Competence of the Regulatory Body• Advisory Bodies and Support Organisations • Relations between the Regulatory Body and the Licensee• Relations Regulatory Body and Interested Parties• Regulatory Stability
• REGULATORY BODY - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
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GS-R-1
•FUNCTIONS OF THE REGULATORY BODY
•Authorization/Licensing
•Review and Assessment
•Inspection
•Enforcement
•Regulations and Guides
•Information and Public Communication
Establishment of Regulatory Framework
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GS-R-1
•REGULATORY INDEPENDENCE:
The government shall, through its national legal system, establish and maintain a regulatory body whose task is to regulate facilities and activities for achievement of safety.
The government shall ensure that the regulatory body is effectively independent in its safety related decision making and possesses an adequate measure of functional separation from entities having interests or responsibilities that could unduly influence regulatory decision making.
The government shall ensure that the regulatory body is given the legal authority, competence and resources necessary to fulfil its statutory obligation to regulate facilities and activities.
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IAEA Safety Guides
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Integrated Regulatory Review Service
• Top level Regulatory Review Service dedicated to Governmental and Regulatory Framework for Safety (including regulatory policy aspects)
• Modular service, adjusted to country’s request
MAIN SERVICES : “IRRS”
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OutlineOutline
• GENERAL OVERVIEW – CURRENT SITUATION
• APPLICABLE IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS and SERVICES
• MAJOR NEEDS TO ESTABLISH A REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
• THE IAEA’S STRATEGY
• CONCLUSIONS
IAEA Assistance on Regulatory Framework
• Strengthening national regulatory infrastructures
• Assisting MS on specific regulatory issues
• Performing Integrated Regulatory Review Services (IRRS)
• Reviewing and Issuing Safety Standards in the Regulatory Area
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Strengthening Regulatory Capabilities for Countries Embarking on Nuclear Power
• Regulatory framework including development of nuclear legislation and the regulatory body;
• Regulatory approach;
• Enhancement of regulatory functions (development of regulations and guides, inspection, enforcement, review and assessment, etc.);
• Development of a comprehensive licensing process;
• Regulatory practices, including the establishment and promotion of international regulatory networks;
• Self-sustainability, including self-assessment
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Workshop: The Role and Responsibilities of Vendor Countries and Countries Embarking on Nuclear Power to Ensure Long-term Safety, IAEA, 1- 3 July, 2008
• To review relevant experiences, to identify and disseminate good practices and lessons learned regarding assistance, support and training provided by vendor countries for countries embarking on nuclear power programs.
Safety Infrastructure for New NPP Countries
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Role and Responsibilities of Vendor Countries and Countries Embarking on Nuclear Power to Ensure Long-term Safety
• CHINA (Buyer) & FRANCE (Vendor)
• PAKISTAN (Buyer) & CHINA (Vendor)
• FINLAND, IRAN (Buyer) & RUSSIA (Vendor)
• MEXICO (Buyer), SPAIN (Buyer) & USA (Vendor)
• ROMANIA (Buyer) & CANADA (Vendor)
• INSAG and IAEA (NS, NE and OLA) presentations
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Role and Responsibilities of Vendor Countries and Countries Embarking on Nuclear Power to Ensure Long-term Safety
• Nuclear safety is a national responsibility
• International leverage should be enhanced through IAEA actions, bilateral or multilateral arrangements, MDEP initiative, etc.
• Newcomers should include the package of Treaties, Conventions to join the nuclear community.
• Moral responsibilities of Vendor countries and should report to all (CNS) about steps and actions establishing contracts and transferring nuclear technology to nuclear newcomers.
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Role and Responsibilities of Vendor Countries and Countries Embarking on Nuclear Power to Ensure Long-term Safety
• Continue with IAEA Safety guides development for countries embarking on nuclear power programmes and mechanisms to reinforce the Global Safety Regime.
• Systematic IAEA tailored review services, IRRS and pre-OSART for countries embarking on nuclear power, as prerequisite at different stages.
• This type of Workshop should be repeated on regular basis,1-2 y
• Next, November, 2009, nuclear newcomers will present their particular situation, difficulties and challenges developing their safety infrastructure to embark on nuclear power.
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OutlineOutline
• GENERAL OVERVIEW – CURRENT SITUATION
• APPLICABLE IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS and SERVICES
• MAJOR NEEDS TO ESTABLISH A REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
• THE IAEA’S STRATEGY
• CONCLUSIONS
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• Governmental and Regulatory Framework need strong support
• Tasks necessary to establish an effective independent regulatory body need to be carried out by the Member State.
• Licensing process needs to be defined at the early stage
• “How safe is safe enough?” is a national responsibility, the regulatory approach is the key element
• Efforts coordinated are essential in order to be consistent, comprehensive and effective.
Final remarks
