guidelines for documenting your design
TRANSCRIPT
2015 REGIONAL CONFERENCES
True or False?
EWB-USA is the only international development organization which
monitors 100% of their implementation projects 1 year
after they are completed.
Guidelines for Documenting Your Design
2015 REGIONAL CONFERENCES
Purpose of Presentation
2015 REGIONAL CONFERENCES
EWB-USA members implement 600+ projects around the world in six disciplines
Structures
Sanitation
Energy
Civil WorksAgriculture
Water
Part 1: Design Drawings 101What is a Design?
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Design Drawings 101What is a Design?
• Drawings• Specifications• Calculations
2015 REGIONAL CONFERENCES
Design Drawings 101What is a Design?
• Drawings• Specifications• Calculations
2015 REGIONAL CONFERENCES
Design Drawings 101What is a Design?
• Drawings• Specifications• Calculations
2015 REGIONAL CONFERENCES
Design Drawings 101Why do we draw?
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Assessment Tool
Design Tool / Communications Tool
Design Drawings 101Why do we draw?
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Implementation Tool Teaching Tool
Design Drawings 101Design Drawing Example
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Design Drawings 101Complete Drawing Set
• Title Page – who, where, what, index of drawings, site location
• Site Layout - map of community showing important features and work area
• Project Plan – Plan view of entire system to be constructed
• Details – Drawing of each component, both plan views and cross sections as needed
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Design Drawings 101Title Page
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Design Drawing 101Site Layout/Community Map
Insert good example – ideally without the system layout on it .
Add call outs for specific items that are in the notes below
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Design Drawings 101Complete Drawing Set
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Part 2: Recommended Drawing Sets
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Structures
Sanitation
Energy
Civil WorksAgriculture
Water
Recommended Drawing SetWater Supply and Distribution
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Recommended Drawing Set
• Title Page
• Site Layout
• System Layout
• Water System Profile
• Component plans: springbox or wellhead, storage tank, valve chamber, low point drain, tapstand
• Typical pipe installation details, including trench cross section
• Details: overflow or tapstand runoff (erosion control), thrust blocks
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Recommended Drawing SetExample System Layout
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Recommended Drawing SetExample Pipe Profile
• Baseline with stationing • Appropriate scale• Existing ground surface and
pipeline profile• Static pressure level for
system in unused state• Hydraulic grade line for
system • Branch lines and critical
points• Pipe sizes, materials and
ratings• Unusual conditions such as
road or gully crossings
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Recommended Drawing SetPipe Profile with Hydraulic Grade Line
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Recommended Drawing SetStorage Tank Plan and Sections
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Recommended Drawing SetStorage Tank Plan and Section
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Recommended Drawing SetRainwater Catchment Details
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Recommended Drawing SetRainwater Catchment Details
• Existing roof structure• Gutter and leaders
attachment• Tank support detail • First flush details• Fill, overflow, and drain lines• Scour protection at
discharge
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Recommended Drawing SetSanitation - Latrines
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Recommended Drawing Set• Title Page
• Site Layout and Site Plan• Plan and section views• Wall section of lined pit • Enclosure details – wall and roof
materials, attach to slab or foundation support, connection of roof to walls, doors, ventilation
• Access hatches or alternating pits for composting latrine
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Recommended Drawing SetLatrine – Slab Reinforcement
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• Details: slab reinforcement and support, lifting points
• Wall section of lined pit • Enclosure details – wall and roof
materials, attach to slab or foundation support, connection of roof to walls, doors, ventilation
• Access hatches or alternating pits for composting latrine
Recommended Drawing SetLatrine – Details
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Recommended Drawing SetElectrification by Photovoltaic System
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Recommended Drawing SetElectrification by Photovoltaic System
• Title Page • Community Map• Solar panel layout and support• Location and arrangement of controls and batteries • Demonstrate adequate space, access and ventilation• One-line diagram of electrical components• Three-wire diagram of electrical system• Details for grounding and lightning protection• Details for conduit burial or surface-mounting as appropriate• Light fixture and outlet types and locations on building plans
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Photovoltaic SystemExample Connection Diagram
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Recommended Drawing SetStructures - Building (School / Clinic)
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Recommended Drawing SetBuilding
• Title Page • Community Map• Site plan at building location• Building plan
• Layout and Framing plan for roof• Typical sections• Structural component reinforcement• Connection details• Finishes
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Recommended Drawing SetBuilding
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Recommended Drawing SetEarth Retaining Structures
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Recommended Drawing SetEarth Retaining Structure - Dam
• Consider whether earth pressure is a concern.
• Geometry of structure, • Wall and slab
thicknesses, materials, depth of embedment, and interconnections.
• Reinforcement size, spacing and
• Backfill• Masonry reinforcement• Finishes
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Recommended Drawing SetEarth Retaining Structure – Partially Buried Tank
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Recommended Drawing Set Summary
No matter what you are building, consider the following guidelines:
• Show WHAT you are building, WHERE you are building it, HOW it is put together.
• ZOOM IN on your project through the drawing set: • Big picture: Where is your community, and who is partnering for your
Project? (Title Page) • Where in the community will the project be implemented? (Location
or context plan)• What are you building, and how does it relate to its site? (Site plan)• What does the project look like, from above, front, back, sides?
(Plan and elevation views)• What is it made from? (Typical sections)• How is it put together? (Details)
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Part 3: Tips and Resources Professional Touches
• Provide a graphic scale as well as noting the scale; if someone plots the drawing at less than full size, measurement can still be obtained.
• Number and date all drawings. Highlight and date any revisions.• Be consistent with dimensions; either metric or English, but not both.• Indicate data sources where appropriate (Google Earth, USGS, etc.)• Where a project such as a roadway or pipeline must be shown across
several drawings, provide a key map and match lines so it is clear how the sheets relate.
• Provide a baseline with stationing for linear projects (roads or pipelines), this is critical if you are providing a profile or cross-sections.
• Consider using vertical exaggeration for profiles; 1 Horizontal: 10 Vertical is common.
• Label, label, label. Provide references to specific drawings or details as needed.
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Improving Your DrawingsAvoid Common Missteps and Omissions
• How are things held up? Depict and detail pads, towers, supports• Pipe and conduit installation details / roadway crossings• Internet-sourced sketches (latrines and springboxes are common) may be
helpful starting points, but be sure that they are relevant to your project and adapt them for your site geometry and conditions
• If you show a manufacturer’s drawing (such as a precast septic tank), be sure that it reflects how you plan to build, and provide calculations and design drawings.
• Show wall thicknesses and joinery details on buildings or enclosures• If you are putting something new (solar panel, rain gutters) on something
old (roof or tower), be sure to accurately measure the existing structure and how it is built so you can design attachments and verify capacity – or understand what might need to be modified or rebuilt.
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Project Resources http://www.ewb-usa.org/resources/
• EWB-USA Guidelines (select “Technical Guidelines” filter)• EWB-USA Bridge Design Guidelines• Recommendations for PV Projects• Design Checklist for Rainwater Catchment Projects• Drilled Well Design Checklist• Design Checklist for Solar PV Projects
• Example Documents (search for “525 example” in search bar)• Various example 525 Reports• Various example Drawing Sets
• Recorded Presentations (select “Presentation” filter)• How to Prepare a 525 – Pre-Implementation Report• Water Supply 3-Part Series
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