grp 1 hwswb
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
1/30
Hardware and Software BasicsSubmitted to:
Mr Shubham Goswami By:
GROUP -1
Shivang Thacker
Ravi Vyas
Anuj Gosai
Nilesh Shahji
Bhargav Jambukiya
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
2/30
Computer Hardware
Central Processing Unit - also called The
Chip, a CPU, a processor, or a microprocessor
Memory (RAM) Storage Devices
Input Devices
Output Devices
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
3/30
Computer Hardware
Central Processing Unit - also called The
Chip, a CPU, a processor or a microprocessor
Memory (RAM) Storage Devices
Input Devices
Output Devices
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
4/30
Computer Hardware
Central Processing Unit - also called The
Chip, a CPU, a processor or a microprocessor
Memory (RAM) Storage Devices
Input Devices
Output Devices
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
5/30
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
6/30
CPU Types
CPU or microprocessor is often described as
the brain of a computer.
CPU is an integrated circuit or chip whichprocesses instructions and data.
CPU types.
Intel Pentium II, III, IV
Intel Celeron
AMD Athlon
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
7/30
CPU types
CPU speed is measured by the number of
completed instruction cycles per second
C
urrently,CPU
speeds range from 600 megahertz(MHz or million cycles per second) to 4 gigahertz
(GHz or billion cycles per second).
Always check new softwares requirements for
CPU type and speed before purchasing
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
8/30
Memory (RAM)
RAM or Random Access Memory
Waiting room for computers CPU.
Holds instructions for processing data,processed data, and raw data.
Ram is measured by:
Capacity (in Megabytes or Gigabytes)
Speed (in Nanoseconds)
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
9/30
Memory (RAM)
Amount of RAM installed will determine.
Which software applications will run
(efficiently)?
How many software applications can be open
simultaneously (multitasking ability)?
RAM upgrades are cost-effective and easy to
install.Check your computer manual for RAM type
(DIMM,SDRAM) and speed (100, 90ns).
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
10/30
Memory (RAM)
All software applications will have RAM
specifications listed on their packaging.
Many applications list both a minimum and arecommended amount of RAM necessary to
run the software.
Be cautious about buying software for a
system based on minimum requirement.
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
11/30
Storage HARDWARE Devices
CD-ROM Drives
Typically installed on all new computer
systems. (Were add-on device until the mid1990s).
Capacity is 600 to 750 megabytes
(M
B or millions of bytes).
Most mass-produced commercial software is
packaged on a CD.
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
12/30
Storage HARDWARE Devices
CD-ROM Drives
Used more often now for backup storage as
CD-RW (read/write) technology has becomeless expensive.
Data is read from CD by a laser.
Optical storage device.
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
13/30
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
14/30
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
15/30
Input Devices
Scanners are peripheral input devices which
allow users to import:
Text
Graphics
Images
Specialized software aids in translating
information into a format the computer can
understand and manipulate.
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
16/30
Output Devices
Printers
Dot matrix
Seldom used in a classroom.
Still frequently used in business.
Bubble or ink jet
Laser
Monitors
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
17/30
Options and Tradeoffs
Speed versus Cost
How fast are you able to access and save data
on the hard drive? How fast will application software open?
How quickly will software respond to
commands? How quickly will your printer produce a
document?
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
18/30
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
19/30
Options and Tradeoffs
Quality versus Cost
P
entium versusC
eleron Laser printer versus Ink Jet printer
Limited functionality editions versus full
versions of software 15 inch monitor versus 21 inch monitor
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
20/30
Options and Tradeoffs
Speed versus Cost
Capacity versus Cost
Quality versus Cost
Cost-Cost-Cost
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
21/30
Software
Instructions and associated data, stored in
electronic format, that direct the computer to
accomplish a task.
System software helps the computer carry out
its basic operating tasks.
Operating systems
Utilities
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
22/30
System Software
An Operating System (OS) is the master
controller within a computer.
EX: Windows, MacOS, DOS, UNIX, Linux
An operating system interacts with:
All hardware installed in or connected to a
computer system.
All software installed or running from a storage
device on a computer system.
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
23/30
System Software
Microsoft Windows
Most popular operating system.
Supports a vast array of application software and
peripheral devices.
MacOS
For Macintosh computers.
Proprietary system.
Does not have same functionality and support forsoftware and peripheral devices.
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
24/30
System Software
Network operating system (NOS)
Manages network resources.
Maintains security.
Tracks user accounts.
Handles communication between workstations
and servers.
Popular network operating systems
Windows NT, Novell Netware, UNIX
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
25/30
System Software
Utilities Utilities augment functionality of operating systems.Utilities includes device drivers and Troubleshooting
capabilities. Utilities provide file management capabilities such as
copying, moving or renaming a file.
Norton Utilities includes an undelete function that
can recover deleted files. Symantec and McAfee Virus checkers add protection
for all system and data files.
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
26/30
Application Software
Accomplishes specific tasks for users.
Enables a computer to become a multi-
purpose machine.
Produceworksheets and
reports.Automate record
keeping likeattendance and
grades.
Create flow chartsand graphic
organizers.Communicate
worldwide.
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
27/30
Application Software
Productivity Software
Spreadsheets
Databases
Presentation Software
Document Preparation
Word Processing
Desktop Publishing
Project Management Software
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
28/30
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
29/30
Programming Languages
Basic building blocks of any software.
Programming languages allow a programmer to
write instructions that a computer canunderstand.
Programming languages have some
resemblance to the English language. BASIC
Pascal
Fortran
C++
Java
-
8/3/2019 Grp 1 hwswb
30/30
Instructional Support
What problems do you need solved and which
application software will help solve the
problems?
Integrated Learning Systems
Computer Assisted Instruction
Drill, Tutorial, Simulation
Textbook Resources
Research and Information Access