grammar present simple
TRANSCRIPT
UNIT 1: PRESENT SIMPLE
Use: The Present Simple is used to express: 1. A habit The general manager doesn’t arrive before noon on Mondays 2. A fact that’s always true Maintenance is part of the stewardship of assets 3. A fact that is true for a long time We work in maintenance
• Affirmative
1.1. Verb to be
Subject Verb to be Complement
Singular
I
You
He/she/it
am
are
is
a maintenance engineer
Plural
We
You
They
are maintenance engineers
Asset management is a recognition that assets have a life cycle
Contracted way:
Subject + Verb to be Complement
Singular I’m
You’re He’s/She’s/It’s
a maintenance engineer
Plural We’re You’re
They’re maintenance engineers
Asset management’s a recognition that assets have a life cycle
Exercises: fill in the blanks with the correct to be form:
a) am b) is c) are
1. All of us maintenance engineers _____ responsible for assets performance
2. For many assets, this phase ____ decades long 3. Operate _____ the phase that many engineers ____ most familiar
with 4. Nowadays I ____ involved in maintenance 5. asset managers ____ responsible for optimizing outcomes
Exercises: fill in the blanks with the correct to be form:
a) am b) is c) are
1. All of us maintenance engineers __c___ responsible for assets performance
2. For many assets, this phase __b__ decades long 3. Operate __b___ the phase that many engineers __c__ most familiar
with 4. Nowadays I __a__ involved in maintenance 5. asset managers __c__ responsible for optimizing outcomes
• Negative
Subject Verb to be Particle not Complement
Singular
I
You
He/she/it
am
are
is
not
a maintenance
engineer
Plural
We
You
They
are maintenance
engineers
Managing assets effectively is not optional these days
Contracted way I:
Subject + Verb to be Particle not Complement
Singular I’m
You’re He’s/She’s/It’s*
not
a maintenance
engineer
Plural We’re You’re
They’re
maintenance
engineers
* Good management’s not optional these days
Contracted way II:
Subject Verb to be +
Particle not Complement
Singular I’m You
He/She/It
´m not
aren’t
isn’t
a maintenance engineer
Plural We You
They
aren’t maintenance engineers
Managing assets effectively isn’t optional these days NEVER: I am’t a maintenance engineer
Exercises: fill in the blanks with the correct negative to be form:
a) am not b) is not c) are not
1. Proper policies ______ focused only in money
2. Asset management _____ a purely academic discipline
3. Being in charge you _____ supposed to work less but harder
4. I’m an engineer but I ______ a stakeholder.
5. John Campbell and I _____ specialized in psychology.
Exercises: fill in the blanks with the correct negative to be form:
a) am not b) is not c) are not
1. Proper policies ___c___ focused only in money
2. Asset management __b___ a purely academic discipline
3. Being in charge you __c___ supposed to work less but harder
4. I’m an engineer but I __a____ a stakeholder.
5. John Campbell and I __c___ specialized in psychology.
• Questions with question words
(Question word) Verb to be Subject Complement
Singular
why
am
are
is
I You
He/she/it
a maintenance
engineer?
Plural are We You
They
maintenance
engineers?
Are you the general manager? Why is asset management important?
What are maintenance engineers functions?
Exercises: Put in order the scrambled questions:
1. is / future / what / management / the / asset / for ? 2. the / where / workshops/ are? 3. in / accountants / how / involved /management /are / asset? 4. organization / important / maintenance / for / is / the / Why? 5. end / are / we / of / the / at / project / the?
Exercises: Put in order the scrambled questions:
1. is / future / what / management / the / asset / for ? 2. the / where / workshops/ are? 3. in / accountants / how / involved /management /are / asset? 4. organization / important / maintenance / for / is / the / Why? 5. end / are / we / of / the / at / project / the?
1. What is the future for asset management? 2. Where are the workshops? 3. How are accountants involved in asset management? 4. Why is maintenance important for organizations? 5. Are we at the end of the project?
• Yes/No questions and short answers
* Contracted way (to be + not) is allowed
Verb
to be Subject Complement
Short answers
affirmative Negative*
Am
Are
Is
I
you
he/she/it
a maintenance
engineer?
Yes, you are
Yes, I am
Yes, he/she/it is
No, you are not
No, I’m not
No, he/she/it isn’t
Are
we
you
they
maintenance
engineers?
Yes, we/you are
Yes, we are
Yes, they are
No, we/you aren’t
No, we aren’t
No, they are not
• Affirmative
1.1.1. Other full verbs
Subject Verb (Complement)
I
You
work
in maintenance
He
She
it
works
We
You
They
work
e.g.
Some life cycle diagrams capture planning as a separate function. Asset management recognises, accommodates and aligns the risk of owning a particular asset. The strategy works.
Remember:
Spelling of the third person singular
1. Most verbs add -s in the third person singular
lift lifts
hammer hammers
unscrew unscrews
But go and do are different:
go goes
do does
2. If the verb ends in -s, -sh, or ch, add -es
diminish diminishes
wrench wrenches
Spelling of the third person singular
3. If the verb ends in consonant + -y, the y changes to -ies
study studies
fly flies
But if the verb ends in a vowel + -y, the y doesn’t change
play plays
4. Have is irregular
have has
• Negative
Subject Auxiliary Particle not Verb
infinitive Complement
I
You do
not work in maintenance
He
She
it
does
We
You
They
Do
e.g. It does not respond to the economy or politics. The arrows do not represent the length of time spent in each phase. Devices do not respond.
Contracted way:
Subject Auxiliary +
Particle not
Verb
infinitive (Complement)
I
You Don’t
work in maintenance
He
She
it
Doesn’t
We
You
They
Don’t
e.g. It doesn’t respond to the economy or politics. The arrows don’t represent the length of time spent in each phase. Devices don’t respond.
Exercises: fill in the blanks with the correct negative verb form:
a) do not b) does not
1. Assets _____ respond to the economy or politics
2. Asset management _____ teach us to ignore stages of the asset
life cycle
3. The Asset Management Strategy _____ direct the marketing
activity
4. Good asset management practices _____ introduce risk to an
organization
5. Purchasing always the more expensive tools _____ represent a
good asset management decision
Exercises: fill in the blanks with the correct negative verb form:
a) do not b) does not
1. Assets __a__ respond to the economy or politics
2. Asset management __b__ teach us to ignore stages of the asset
life cycle
3. The Asset Management Strategy __b__ direct the marketing
activity
4. Good asset management practices __a__ introduce risk to an
organization
5. Purchasing always the more expensive tools __b__ represent a
good asset management decision
• Questions
e.g. What do we mean by ’physical asset’? How do you get the right behavior from an entity that won’t listen? How does the asset manager quantify the risk? What does an asset manager do?
(Question
word) Auxiliary Subject
Verb
infinitive (Complement)
Why
do I
You
work in maintenance? does
he
she
It
do
we
you
they
• Yes/No questions and Short Answers
* Contracted way (auxiliary + not) is allowed
Auxiliary Subject Verb
infinitive (Complement)
Short Answers
Affirmative Negative*
Do I
you
work in
maintenance?
Yes, you do
Yes, I do
No, you do not
No, I don’t
Does
he
she
it
Yes, he does
Yes, she does
Yes, it does
No, he does not
No, she doesn’t
No, it does not
Do
we
you
they
Yes, we/you do
Yes, we do
Yes, they do
No, we/you don’t
No, we do not
No, they don’t
Exercises. Fill in the blanks: do(a), does(b), don´t(c), doesn´t(d)
1. _____ the asset manager work only in our industry? No, he _____
2. _____ poor asset management decisions generate extra
expenses? Yes, they _____ 3. _____ the suppliers and customers influence on asset
management? No, they _____
4. _____ assets respond to treatment? Yes, they _____ 5. _____ you as maintenance engineer keep asset information
updated? Yes, I _____
Exercises. Fill in the blanks: do(a), does(b), don´t(c), doesn´t(d)
1. __b__ the asset manager work only in our industry? No, he __d__
2. __a__ poor asset management decisions generate extra
expenses? Yes, they __a__ 3. __a__ suppliers and customers influence on asset
management? No, they __c__
4. __a__ assets respond to treatment? Yes, they __a___ 5. __a__ you as maintenance engineer keep asset information
updated? Yes, I __a__