gradate portfolio // snafus
DESCRIPTION
architectural projects and researchTRANSCRIPT
evolving norms of complex site processesCONTEXT
megan suau
1
SNAFUs
Are both reactionary and critical of the preexisting conditions leading to their present situation and future realities...
Are not new situations, but ever-present conditions which shift location based on current global relationships...
Demand historic understanding, economic evaluation, and cultural immersion...
Must have wildly appropriate architectural solutions, from careful triage of existing norms to imaginatively speculative projection for future progress...
Offer an altruistic outlet coupled with opportunistic self-evaluation of the expanding architectural profession...
Sites of post-industrial decline, pre-industrial development and post-disaster response...
SNAFUsmegan suau
emergent norms of sites & processes
2
POSTindustrial
PREindustrial
POSTdisaster
OTHERworksp53
p5
p21
p37
3
p61CV
p39
p23
p7
p45
p29
p15
4
5
POSTindustrial
6
w/ Andrew Brown
critic: Charlie Menefee
University of Virginia
Fall 2012
project selected for publication in:
LUNCH8
selected for presentation and publication at :
Reclaim + Remake Symposium at The Catholic University of America
7
Danville, Virginia
This design proposal explores the ways in which deconstruction
can spur regenerative economies and empower urban
communities in post-industrial, post-housing boom - and bust
- landscapes.
Declining cities like Danville, Virginia are currently rethinking their
land use and construction policies to promote the regeneration
of downtown areas. Several shrinking cities in the US now
home to small business upstarts advocating for deconstruction
of vacant buildings around the city’s periphery, as opposed to
wholesale demolition. This proposal explores the ways in which
Danville’s unique resource - it’s vacant building stock - can serve
as a platform for economic revival and community engagement
through material salvaging and deconstruction field-operations.
Based on the large infrastructural projects run by the Tennessee
Valley Authority and Civilian Conservation Corps models of the
1930s and 40s, the Danville Deconstruction Corps (DCC) will
operate as contractors-in-training as well as liaisons within the
community to account for neighborhood needs throughout the
deconstruction process. DCC members will live in close proximity
to neighborhood job sites in temporary, transportable shelters.
The small, mobile DCC camps allow for easy deployment on the
city’s rail line, placing Danville in a critical location for exporting
deconstruction services throughout the Rust Belt.
DANVILLE DECONSTRUCTION CORPS
8
site rotation processes
community sites
camp site reforested site
deconstruction site
deconstruction sitevacant site
vacant site
Je�erson Street Crossing 1275 min: 50 (36 n / 14 s)
10 min: 34 (22 n / 12 s)
10+ min: 43 (43 n / - s)
Holbrook Avenue Crossing 665 min: 50 (37 n / 13 s)
10 min: 16 (3 n / 13 s)
10+ min: 0 (- n / - s)
Magnolia Drive Crossing 535 min: 14 (- n / 14 s)
10 min: 21 (1 n / 20 s)
10+ min: 18 (- n / 18 s)
Wood Avenue Crossing 215 min: 16 (11 n / 5 s)
10 min: 5 (- n / 5 s)
10+ min: 0 (- n / - s)
Stokesland Avenue Crossing 725 min: 14 (5 n / 9 s)
10 min: 21 (1 n / 20 s)
10+ min: 37 (- n / 37 s)
2.52 million ft
3
601 / 944
0.73million ft
31.85million ft
31.85million ft
34.44million ft
3
Southampton Avenue Crossing 535 min: 14 (4 n / 10 s)
10 min: 20 (10 n / 10 s)
10+ min: 8 (- n / 8 s)
Main Street Crossing 955 min: 39 (22 n / 17 s)
10 min: 39 (19 n / 20 s)
10+ min: 17 (- n / 17 s)
.25m (5 min walk)
crossings route to sites
city center city limits17.02 / 33.04
city center city limits
million cubic feet of material
railroad vacant sites
.5m (1
0 min
walk)
100
112
3256
70
12766
9553
5321
72
3022
11
10
14
2.31million ft
33.32million ft
3
vacancies + abandoned lots
9
housing vacancies
community sitescamp site
Je�erson Street Crossing 1275 min: 50 (36 n / 14 s)
10 min: 34 (22 n / 12 s)
10+ min: 43 (43 n / - s)
Holbrook Avenue Crossing 665 min: 50 (37 n / 13 s)
10 min: 16 (3 n / 13 s)
10+ min: 0 (- n / - s)
Magnolia Drive Crossing 535 min: 14 (- n / 14 s)
10 min: 21 (1 n / 20 s)
10+ min: 18 (- n / 18 s)
Wood Avenue Crossing 215 min: 16 (11 n / 5 s)
10 min: 5 (- n / 5 s)
10+ min: 0 (- n / - s)
Stokesland Avenue Crossing 725 min: 14 (5 n / 9 s)
10 min: 21 (1 n / 20 s)
10+ min: 37 (- n / 37 s)
2.52 million ft
3
601 / 944
0.73million ft
31.85million ft
31.85million ft
34.44million ft
3
Southampton Avenue Crossing 535 min: 14 (4 n / 10 s)
10 min: 20 (10 n / 10 s)
10+ min: 8 (- n / 8 s)
Main Street Crossing 955 min: 39 (22 n / 17 s)
10 min: 39 (19 n / 20 s)
10+ min: 17 (- n / 17 s)
.25m (5 min walk)
crossings route to sites
city center city limits17.02 / 33.04
city center city limits
million cubic feet of material
railroad vacant sites
.5m (1
0 min
walk)
100
112
3256
70
12766
9553
5321
72
3022
11
10
14
2.31million ft
33.32million ft
3
vacancies + abandoned lots
10
Wood SheathingPlywood
Structural Lumber
Framing Lumber
OSB
Asbestos
Led PaintHazardous Materials
Wall SurfacesDrywall
Plaster
Metals
Copper
Brass
Aluminum
Roofing
Asphalt Shingles
Wood Shingles
Sheet Metal
Rigid / Batt
Flooring
Vinyl
Tiles
Carpet
Wood
Built-ins
Cabinets
Shelving
Bookcases
Lighting
Plumbing
Concrete
CMUFoundation
Cladding
Wood Shingles
Vinyl
Brick
Doors and Windows
Rubbish
Appliances
Appliances / Fixtures / Doors / Windows / Built-InsWall Surfaces
Foundation
HazMatRubbish
ChimneyFoundation
Structural LumberFraming Lumber
FlooringWall Surfaces
Trim / MouldingWood Sheathing
MetalsRoofing InsulationFlooringCladding
Wall Surfaces
Structural LumberFraming Lumber
Foundation
Appliances / Fixtures / Doors / Windows / Built-Ins
Insulation
Wood Studs
Fixtures
Trim/Moulding
Chimney
CHIMNEY
ROOF
EXTERIOR WALLSINTERIOR WALLS
FOUNDATION
152.5 122 7
INTERIORS
FLOOR13,000 board feet
40 C.Y.
8,000 ft2
12 C.Y.
2,400 ft2
1 C.Y.
84 C.Y.
2,400 ft2
5 C.Y.
2,000 ft2
3 C.Y.
2,600 ft2
1 C.Y.
6 C.Y.
50 C.Y.
160 ft3
7,800 ft2
18 C.Y.
500 ft 2
.5 C.Y.
1,300 ft3
REUSE[Redistribute “As-is”]
of all material
HazMat Disposal
TRASH of all material HazMat + Rubish
Architectural SalvageTimber Reuse / Recycling
Concrete Reuse / RecyclingMetal Reuse
Asphalt Reuse
RECYCLE
DOWNTOWN DANVILLERESOURCE CENTER
LANDFILL
SCHOOLFIELD SITE
[Redistribute after altering form]25-30% of all material
50%
20-25%
~2,000 ft 2
20 C.Y.
~2,000 ft 2
20 C.Y.
various20 C.Y. 30.5 C.Y.
(2) 20 C.Y.
76 C.Y.(4) 20 C.Y.
46 C.Y.(3) 20 C.Y.
Asphalt RecyclingMetal Recycling
Material Harvesta flow chart for
Cubic YardsCubic Yards 20 C.Y. units
total materials collected total materials reused number of containers needed
DECONSTRUCTION SORTING VOLUME CONTAINERIZATION TRANSPORT
housing deconstruction
material harvest
community site reconstruction
11
Wood SheathingPlywood
Structural Lumber
Framing Lumber
OSB
Asbestos
Led PaintHazardous Materials
Wall SurfacesDrywall
Plaster
Metals
Copper
Brass
Aluminum
Roofing
Asphalt Shingles
Wood Shingles
Sheet Metal
Rigid / Batt
Flooring
Vinyl
Tiles
Carpet
Wood
Built-ins
Cabinets
Shelving
Bookcases
Lighting
Plumbing
Concrete
CMUFoundation
Cladding
Wood Shingles
Vinyl
Brick
Doors and Windows
Rubbish
Appliances
Appliances / Fixtures / Doors / Windows / Built-InsWall Surfaces
Foundation
HazMatRubbish
ChimneyFoundation
Structural LumberFraming Lumber
FlooringWall Surfaces
Trim / MouldingWood Sheathing
MetalsRoofing InsulationFlooringCladding
Wall Surfaces
Structural LumberFraming Lumber
Foundation
Appliances / Fixtures / Doors / Windows / Built-Ins
Insulation
Wood Studs
Fixtures
Trim/Moulding
Chimney
CHIMNEY
ROOF
EXTERIOR WALLSINTERIOR WALLS
FOUNDATION
152.5 122 7
INTERIORS
FLOOR13,000 board feet
40 C.Y.
8,000 ft2
12 C.Y.
2,400 ft2
1 C.Y.
84 C.Y.
2,400 ft2
5 C.Y.
2,000 ft2
3 C.Y.
2,600 ft2
1 C.Y.
6 C.Y.
50 C.Y.
160 ft3
7,800 ft2
18 C.Y.
500 ft 2
.5 C.Y.
1,300 ft3
REUSE[Redistribute “As-is”]
of all material
HazMat Disposal
TRASH of all material HazMat + Rubish
Architectural SalvageTimber Reuse / Recycling
Concrete Reuse / RecyclingMetal Reuse
Asphalt Reuse
RECYCLE
DOWNTOWN DANVILLERESOURCE CENTER
LANDFILL
SCHOOLFIELD SITE
[Redistribute after altering form]25-30% of all material
50%
20-25%
~2,000 ft 2
20 C.Y.
~2,000 ft 2
20 C.Y.
various20 C.Y. 30.5 C.Y.
(2) 20 C.Y.
76 C.Y.(4) 20 C.Y.
46 C.Y.(3) 20 C.Y.
Asphalt RecyclingMetal Recycling
Material Harvesta flow chart for
Cubic YardsCubic Yards 20 C.Y. units
total materials collected total materials reused number of containers needed
DECONSTRUCTION SORTING VOLUME CONTAINERIZATION TRANSPORT
12
wash
13
rest
campers
eat
14
camp site typologies
connection details
work
15
camp site
communitycamp
16
w/ Alex Atwood, Mitch Bush, & Noah Marks
critics: Robert MacLeod & Albertus Wang
University of Florida
Summer 2008
with
University of Florida East Asia Program
in partnership with:
Xi’an University of Science & Technology
17
Shaanxi Province, Central China
Located in China’s Shaanxi Province, the hillside town of Chen
Lu is an historic pottery village that is trying to market its
craft to outside visitors. This proposal respects the village’s
existing morphology, siginificantly impacted by changes
in China’s economic policies over the past 60 years, while
providing necessary infrastructure for villagers and tourists.
For generations, Chen Lu has relied on pottery-making as its main
source of income. The craft is laced into the built fabric of the
village, from the broken clay pieces in the walking paths to the
surplus pots used by residents to build parti walls. However, the
rich traditions of Chen Lu have been endangered by both past
government policies and current economic downturns.
By creating a connective, infrastructural tissue up the hill - from
the lower Factory region created in the 1950s to the upper Main
Street built in the 1980s - the project physically rejoins the
disparate modern and historic regions of the village by infusing
the original section of the hillside back into the landscape.
REGENERATIVE INFRASTRUCTURES
18
upper to lower hillside sectionp 8 of 12
HONG KONG/CHINA SUMMER STUDIO 2008
CRITICS: ROBERT MACLEOD, ALBERTUS WANG
Located in China’s Shaanxi Province, the hillside village of
Chen Lu has relied on pottery-making as its main source
of income for generations. The craft is laced into the built
fabric of the village, from the BROKEN CLAY pieces in the
walking paths to the SURPLUS POTS used by residents to
build parti walls. However, the rich traditions of ChenLu
have been endangered by both past government policies
and current economic downturns.
By creating A CONNECTIVE, INFRASTRUCTURAL TISSUE
up the hill, from the lower Factory region to the upper
Main Street, this project attempts to physically rejoin the
disseparate pieces of the landscape while providing housing
and pottery studios for tourists and artist-in-residence.
STEPPING LIGHTLY: Pedestrian Infrastructure for an Pottery Village in Rural China
upper to lower hillside sectionp 8 of 12
HONG KONG/CHINA SUMMER STUDIO 2008
CRITICS: ROBERT MACLEOD, ALBERTUS WANG
Located in China’s Shaanxi Province, the hillside village of
Chen Lu has relied on pottery-making as its main source
of income for generations. The craft is laced into the built
fabric of the village, from the BROKEN CLAY pieces in the
walking paths to the SURPLUS POTS used by residents to
build parti walls. However, the rich traditions of ChenLu
have been endangered by both past government policies
and current economic downturns.
By creating A CONNECTIVE, INFRASTRUCTURAL TISSUE
up the hill, from the lower Factory region to the upper
Main Street, this project attempts to physically rejoin the
disseparate pieces of the landscape while providing housing
and pottery studios for tourists and artist-in-residence.
STEPPING LIGHTLY: Pedestrian Infrastructure for an Pottery Village in Rural China
upper to lower hillside sectionp 8 of 12
HONG KONG/CHINA SUMMER STUDIO 2008
CRITICS: ROBERT MACLEOD, ALBERTUS WANG
Located in China’s Shaanxi Province, the hillside village of
Chen Lu has relied on pottery-making as its main source
of income for generations. The craft is laced into the built
fabric of the village, from the BROKEN CLAY pieces in the
walking paths to the SURPLUS POTS used by residents to
build parti walls. However, the rich traditions of ChenLu
have been endangered by both past government policies
and current economic downturns.
By creating A CONNECTIVE, INFRASTRUCTURAL TISSUE
up the hill, from the lower Factory region to the upper
Main Street, this project attempts to physically rejoin the
disseparate pieces of the landscape while providing housing
and pottery studios for tourists and artist-in-residence.
STEPPING LIGHTLY: Pedestrian Infrastructure for an Pottery Village in Rural China
upper to lower hillside sectionp 8 of 12
HONG KONG/CHINA SUMMER STUDIO 2008
CRITICS: ROBERT MACLEOD, ALBERTUS WANG
Located in China’s Shaanxi Province, the hillside village of
Chen Lu has relied on pottery-making as its main source
of income for generations. The craft is laced into the built
fabric of the village, from the BROKEN CLAY pieces in the
walking paths to the SURPLUS POTS used by residents to
build parti walls. However, the rich traditions of ChenLu
have been endangered by both past government policies
and current economic downturns.
By creating A CONNECTIVE, INFRASTRUCTURAL TISSUE
up the hill, from the lower Factory region to the upper
Main Street, this project attempts to physically rejoin the
disseparate pieces of the landscape while providing housing
and pottery studios for tourists and artist-in-residence.
STEPPING LIGHTLY: Pedestrian Infrastructure for an Pottery Village in Rural China
upper to lower hillside sectionp 8 of 12
HONG KONG/CHINA SUMMER STUDIO 2008
CRITICS: ROBERT MACLEOD, ALBERTUS WANG
Located in China’s Shaanxi Province, the hillside village of
Chen Lu has relied on pottery-making as its main source
of income for generations. The craft is laced into the built
fabric of the village, from the BROKEN CLAY pieces in the
walking paths to the SURPLUS POTS used by residents to
build parti walls. However, the rich traditions of ChenLu
have been endangered by both past government policies
and current economic downturns.
By creating A CONNECTIVE, INFRASTRUCTURAL TISSUE
up the hill, from the lower Factory region to the upper
Main Street, this project attempts to physically rejoin the
disseparate pieces of the landscape while providing housing
and pottery studios for tourists and artist-in-residence.
STEPPING LIGHTLY: Pedestrian Infrastructure for an Pottery Village in Rural China
19
Located in China’s Shaanxi Province, the hillside village of
Chen Lu has relied on pottery-making as its main source
of income for generations. The craft is laced into the built
fabric of the village, from the broken clay pieces in the
walking paths to the surplus pots used by residents to build
parti walls. However, the rich traditions of Chen Lu have
been endangered by both past government policies and
current economic downturns.
By creating a connective, infrastructural tissue up the hill -
from the lower Factory region to the upper Main Street - the
project physically rejoins the disparate modern and historic
regions of the village by infusing the original section of the
hillside back into the landscape.
PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTUREHONG KONG/CHINA TRAVEL STUDIO, Chen Lu, Shaanxi Province, China critics: ROBERT MACLEOD, NANCY SANDERS ALBERTUS WANG
Located in China’s Shaanxi Province, the hillside village of
Chen Lu has relied on pottery-making as its main source
of income for generations. The craft is laced into the built
fabric of the village, from the broken clay pieces in the
walking paths to the surplus pots used by residents to build
parti walls. However, the rich traditions of Chen Lu have
been endangered by both past government policies and
current economic downturns.
By creating a connective, infrastructural tissue up the hill -
from the lower Factory region to the upper Main Street - the
project physically rejoins the disparate modern and historic
regions of the village by infusing the original section of the
hillside back into the landscape.
PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTUREHONG KONG/CHINA TRAVEL STUDIO, Chen Lu, Shaanxi Province, China critics: ROBERT MACLEOD, NANCY SANDERS ALBERTUS WANG
Located in China’s Shaanxi Province, the hillside village of
Chen Lu has relied on pottery-making as its main source
of income for generations. The craft is laced into the built
fabric of the village, from the broken clay pieces in the
walking paths to the surplus pots used by residents to build
parti walls. However, the rich traditions of Chen Lu have
been endangered by both past government policies and
current economic downturns.
By creating a connective, infrastructural tissue up the hill -
from the lower Factory region to the upper Main Street - the
project physically rejoins the disparate modern and historic
regions of the village by infusing the original section of the
hillside back into the landscape.
PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTUREHONG KONG/CHINA TRAVEL STUDIO, Chen Lu, Shaanxi Province, China critics: ROBERT MACLEOD, NANCY SANDERS ALBERTUS WANG
upper: main st
transition: hillside
lower: factory
20
hillside section
21
22
23
PREindustrial
24
critic: Anselmo Canfora
University of Virginia
Spring 2012
with:
Studio reCOVER
in partnership with:
Water and Health In Limpopo (WHIL)
25
Limpopo Province, South Africa
The Mukondeni Pottery Cooperative is a prototypical design
which also responds to the characteristics and qualities of
its site. The factory produces water filtration vessels made
of clay from a neighboring site. Just like the pots currently
produces on-site, the new factory will be entirely influenced
by the effects the local environment has on its production.
The construction site at the Mukondeni Pottery Village takes its
cues from the existing women’s pottery cooperative: it is a place
where materials are gathered, skills are transferred, and where
the process of making is always readily visible. The process of
marking points and lines on the ground is lifted from traditional
construction techniques using landmarkers and string lines. The
process of construction is meant to embed itself in the physical
form of the intervention.
The ground is marked by implicit vectors informed by a set of
environmental, cultural, and security conditions. From these
vectors emerge the edges for retaining, site, and building walls.
These walls physically map the underlying programmatic
imparatives of (1) collecting water for potterymaking and (2)
outlining the complex process of creating each filter. The building
acts as a visual manual for creating the filters, sequentially
marching from the raw clay deposit to points of access for final
distribution.
WATER FILTER POTTERY FACTORY
26
ceramic factory programming
material procurement + site staging
1_LAN
DM
AR
KERS
establish p
oints of co
nstruction
stakes in the ground
2_AN
GLES
establish p
rojected
lines from
po
ints
building line
builder’s square
3/4/5 triangle + pythagorean theorem
3_PERIM
ETERd
enotes space of co
nstruction
scrap materials
4_FOO
TPRIN
Tim
plied
, not seen
construction documents
5_STRIN
G LIN
Evisualizes the fo
otp
rint
building line
6_INTER
SECTIO
NS
each line must b
e free hanging
building line
7_MA
RKIN
Gm
arking the g
round
with intersectio
ns
marking
the perim
eter with string
lines
plumb bom
b
nails
8_TREN
CH
ESoffset trenches fro
m b
uilding
line
allow
adaq
uate space for co
nstruction
building line
sand for marking
9_PILESallo
w ad
aquate space fo
r disp
laced earth
spades
10_MATER
IALS
allow
adaq
uate space for co
nstruction m
aterials
bricks
wood
aggregates
11_CIR
CU
LATION
allow
adaq
uate space for co
nstruction w
orkers
planks to cross trenches
12_PREPA
RED
SITEfull co
mp
lexity of a wo
rking site
EXISTING FACTORY/CONSTRUCTION STAGING/
FUTURE COURTYARD
EXISTING POTTERY COOPERATIVE EXISTING POTTERY STORAGE/FUTURE COURTYARD
SILVER APPLICATION/PACKAGING/
LOADING
FIRED FILTER STORAGE/LABORATORY TESTING/
SOAK TESTING
KILNS COVERED PRESSED FILTER DRYING/EXPOSED PRESSED FILTER DRYING
FILTER PRESS/FILTER MOLDS/
STORAGE
HAMMERMILL/STORAGE
RAW CLAY DRYING PATH TO CLAY DEPOSITS123456
1 : 75
form makingdryingfiringtestingpreparation raw clay
27
1_LAN
DM
AR
KERS
establish p
oints of co
nstruction
stakes in the ground
2_AN
GLES
establish p
rojected
lines from
po
ints
building line
builder’s square
3/4/5 triangle + pythagorean theorem
3_PERIM
ETERd
enotes space of co
nstruction
scrap materials
4_FOO
TPRIN
Tim
plied
, not seen
construction documents
5_STRIN
G LIN
Evisualizes the fo
otp
rint
building line
6_INTER
SECTIO
NS
each line must b
e free hanging
building line
7_MA
RKIN
Gm
arking the g
round
with intersectio
ns
marking
the perim
eter with string
lines
plumb bom
b
nails
8_TREN
CH
ESoffset trenches fro
m b
uilding
line
allow
adaq
uate space for co
nstruction
building line
sand for marking
9_PILESallo
w ad
aquate space fo
r disp
laced earth
spades
10_MATER
IALS
allow
adaq
uate space for co
nstruction m
aterials
bricks
wood
aggregates
11_CIR
CU
LATION
allow
adaq
uate space for co
nstruction w
orkers
planks to cross trenches
12_PREPA
RED
SITEfull co
mp
lexity of a wo
rking site
EXISTING FACTORY/CONSTRUCTION STAGING/
FUTURE COURTYARD
EXISTING POTTERY COOPERATIVE EXISTING POTTERY STORAGE/FUTURE COURTYARD
SILVER APPLICATION/PACKAGING/
LOADING
FIRED FILTER STORAGE/LABORATORY TESTING/
SOAK TESTING
KILNS COVERED PRESSED FILTER DRYING/EXPOSED PRESSED FILTER DRYING
FILTER PRESS/FILTER MOLDS/
STORAGE
HAMMERMILL/STORAGE
RAW CLAY DRYING PATH TO CLAY DEPOSITS123456
1 : 75
form makingdryingfiringtestingpreparation raw clay
ventilation hazmat sunlight exposure security + privacy water access maintenance +growth
28
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
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UC
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ON
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PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
ASSEMBLY_FILTER FACTORY ADDITION
1 dry stone foundation with level mortared top2 CIP concrete soak tank with concrete countertop3 typ. wood column (2) 2x6 with 2x6 blocking,
in bracket with CIP concrete footer4 typ. brick buttressed wall5 CIP reinforced concrete ringbeam6 perforated brick sunshading parapet with concrete topper7 wood box truss, double 2x6 top and bottom cord8 angled wood post9 1.5x3.5 steel purlins10 corrugated metal roof11 rammed earth foundation and slab12 typ. CIP concrete slab beam13 typ. brick wall, 1 wythe14 typ. wood cross box truss15 typ. metal gutter16 CIP concrete pad17 wood shelving unit18 typ. brick wall, 2 wythe19 header tank20 CIP concrete bench21 trellis with typ. wood column and lintel
with 2x6 horizontal elements 50cm OC22 wood fence post with bracket on CIP concrete footing23 french drain24 CIP concrete foundation25 wood shelf with metal bracket bolted to brick26 metal bracket with fabric hook
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
23
24
1
4
4
5
26
7
8
25
25
6
9
10
WATER COLLECTIONCOMMUNITY KITCHEN &DAYCARE CENTER
ASSEMBLY_CALLOUT REFERENCE
ASSEMBLY_WALL TO ROOF DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_MASONRY DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_CAST COUNTERTOP DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_DIVIDER PANEL DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_TRELLIS BRACKET DETAIL
DETAIL_COMPLETE WALL DETAIL
SOAK TESTING
TRELLIS
LABORATORY
LEARNING HOW TO USE YOUR NEW
CERAMIC WATER FILTER
SITE SECTION_TRANSVERSE 4
8
16
32
9
15
8
14
7
3
5
13
12
11
10
16
3
13
17
18
7
5
6
8
19
20
22
21
9
10
EDUCATION CENTEROPTION 2
ASSEMBLY_EDUCATION CENTERASSEMBLY_EXISTING FACTORY RENOVATION
EDUCATION CENTEROPTION 1
EDUCATION CENTERDAYCARE CENTER
CLAY PROCESSING
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
ASSEMBLY_FILTER FACTORY ADDITION
1 dry stone foundation with level mortared top2 CIP concrete soak tank with concrete countertop3 typ. wood column (2) 2x6 with 2x6 blocking,
in bracket with CIP concrete footer4 typ. brick buttressed wall5 CIP reinforced concrete ringbeam6 perforated brick sunshading parapet with concrete topper7 wood box truss, double 2x6 top and bottom cord8 angled wood post9 1.5x3.5 steel purlins10 corrugated metal roof11 rammed earth foundation and slab12 typ. CIP concrete slab beam13 typ. brick wall, 1 wythe14 typ. wood cross box truss15 typ. metal gutter16 CIP concrete pad17 wood shelving unit18 typ. brick wall, 2 wythe19 header tank20 CIP concrete bench21 trellis with typ. wood column and lintel
with 2x6 horizontal elements 50cm OC22 wood fence post with bracket on CIP concrete footing23 french drain24 CIP concrete foundation25 wood shelf with metal bracket bolted to brick26 metal bracket with fabric hook
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
23
24
1
4
4
5
26
7
8
25
25
6
9
10
WATER COLLECTIONCOMMUNITY KITCHEN &DAYCARE CENTER
ASSEMBLY_CALLOUT REFERENCE
ASSEMBLY_WALL TO ROOF DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_MASONRY DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_CAST COUNTERTOP DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_DIVIDER PANEL DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_TRELLIS BRACKET DETAIL
DETAIL_COMPLETE WALL DETAIL
SOAK TESTING
TRELLIS
LABORATORY
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCTPR
OD
UC
ED B
Y AN
AU
TOD
ESK ED
UC
ATIO
NA
L PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
ASSEMBLY_FILTER FACTORY ADDITION
1 dry stone foundation with level mortared top2 CIP concrete soak tank with concrete countertop3 typ. wood column (2) 2x6 with 2x6 blocking,
in bracket with CIP concrete footer4 typ. brick buttressed wall5 CIP reinforced concrete ringbeam6 perforated brick sunshading parapet with concrete topper7 wood box truss, double 2x6 top and bottom cord8 angled wood post9 1.5x3.5 steel purlins10 corrugated metal roof11 rammed earth foundation and slab12 typ. CIP concrete slab beam13 typ. brick wall, 1 wythe14 typ. wood cross box truss15 typ. metal gutter16 CIP concrete pad17 wood shelving unit18 typ. brick wall, 2 wythe19 header tank20 CIP concrete bench21 trellis with typ. wood column and lintel
with 2x6 horizontal elements 50cm OC22 wood fence post with bracket on CIP concrete footing23 french drain24 CIP concrete foundation25 wood shelf with metal bracket bolted to brick26 metal bracket with fabric hook
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
23
24
1
4
4
5
26
7
8
25
25
6
9
10
WATER COLLECTIONCOMMUNITY KITCHEN &DAYCARE CENTER
ASSEMBLY_CALLOUT REFERENCE
ASSEMBLY_WALL TO ROOF DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_MASONRY DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_CAST COUNTERTOP DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_DIVIDER PANEL DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_TRELLIS BRACKET DETAIL
DETAIL_COMPLETE WALL DETAIL
SOAK TESTING
TRELLIS
LABORATORY
connection details
29
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
ASSEMBLY_FILTER FACTORY ADDITION
1 dry stone foundation with level mortared top2 CIP concrete soak tank with concrete countertop3 typ. wood column (2) 2x6 with 2x6 blocking,
in bracket with CIP concrete footer4 typ. brick buttressed wall5 CIP reinforced concrete ringbeam6 perforated brick sunshading parapet with concrete topper7 wood box truss, double 2x6 top and bottom cord8 angled wood post9 1.5x3.5 steel purlins10 corrugated metal roof11 rammed earth foundation and slab12 typ. CIP concrete slab beam13 typ. brick wall, 1 wythe14 typ. wood cross box truss15 typ. metal gutter16 CIP concrete pad17 wood shelving unit18 typ. brick wall, 2 wythe19 header tank20 CIP concrete bench21 trellis with typ. wood column and lintel
with 2x6 horizontal elements 50cm OC22 wood fence post with bracket on CIP concrete footing23 french drain24 CIP concrete foundation25 wood shelf with metal bracket bolted to brick26 metal bracket with fabric hook
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
23
24
1
4
4
5
26
7
8
25
25
6
9
10
WATER COLLECTIONCOMMUNITY KITCHEN &DAYCARE CENTER
ASSEMBLY_CALLOUT REFERENCE
ASSEMBLY_WALL TO ROOF DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_MASONRY DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_CAST COUNTERTOP DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_DIVIDER PANEL DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_TRELLIS BRACKET DETAIL
DETAIL_COMPLETE WALL DETAIL
SOAK TESTING
TRELLIS
LABORATORY
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
ASSEMBLY_FILTER FACTORY ADDITION
1 dry stone foundation with level mortared top2 CIP concrete soak tank with concrete countertop3 typ. wood column (2) 2x6 with 2x6 blocking,
in bracket with CIP concrete footer4 typ. brick buttressed wall5 CIP reinforced concrete ringbeam6 perforated brick sunshading parapet with concrete topper7 wood box truss, double 2x6 top and bottom cord8 angled wood post9 1.5x3.5 steel purlins10 corrugated metal roof11 rammed earth foundation and slab12 typ. CIP concrete slab beam13 typ. brick wall, 1 wythe14 typ. wood cross box truss15 typ. metal gutter16 CIP concrete pad17 wood shelving unit18 typ. brick wall, 2 wythe19 header tank20 CIP concrete bench21 trellis with typ. wood column and lintel
with 2x6 horizontal elements 50cm OC22 wood fence post with bracket on CIP concrete footing23 french drain24 CIP concrete foundation25 wood shelf with metal bracket bolted to brick26 metal bracket with fabric hook
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
23
24
1
4
4
5
26
7
8
25
25
6
9
10
WATER COLLECTIONCOMMUNITY KITCHEN &DAYCARE CENTER
ASSEMBLY_CALLOUT REFERENCE
ASSEMBLY_WALL TO ROOF DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_MASONRY DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_CAST COUNTERTOP DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_DIVIDER PANEL DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_TRELLIS BRACKET DETAIL
DETAIL_COMPLETE WALL DETAIL
SOAK TESTING
TRELLIS
LABORATORY
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
ASSEMBLY_FILTER FACTORY ADDITION
1 dry stone foundation with level mortared top2 CIP concrete soak tank with concrete countertop3 typ. wood column (2) 2x6 with 2x6 blocking,
in bracket with CIP concrete footer4 typ. brick buttressed wall5 CIP reinforced concrete ringbeam6 perforated brick sunshading parapet with concrete topper7 wood box truss, double 2x6 top and bottom cord8 angled wood post9 1.5x3.5 steel purlins10 corrugated metal roof11 rammed earth foundation and slab12 typ. CIP concrete slab beam13 typ. brick wall, 1 wythe14 typ. wood cross box truss15 typ. metal gutter16 CIP concrete pad17 wood shelving unit18 typ. brick wall, 2 wythe19 header tank20 CIP concrete bench21 trellis with typ. wood column and lintel
with 2x6 horizontal elements 50cm OC22 wood fence post with bracket on CIP concrete footing23 french drain24 CIP concrete foundation25 wood shelf with metal bracket bolted to brick26 metal bracket with fabric hook
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
23
24
1
4
4
5
26
7
8
25
25
6
9
10
WATER COLLECTIONCOMMUNITY KITCHEN &DAYCARE CENTER
ASSEMBLY_CALLOUT REFERENCE
ASSEMBLY_WALL TO ROOF DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_MASONRY DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_CAST COUNTERTOP DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_DIVIDER PANEL DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_TRELLIS BRACKET DETAIL
DETAIL_COMPLETE WALL DETAIL
SOAK TESTING
TRELLIS
LABORATORY
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
ASSEMBLY_FILTER FACTORY ADDITION
1 dry stone foundation with level mortared top2 CIP concrete soak tank with concrete countertop3 typ. wood column (2) 2x6 with 2x6 blocking,
in bracket with CIP concrete footer4 typ. brick buttressed wall5 CIP reinforced concrete ringbeam6 perforated brick sunshading parapet with concrete topper7 wood box truss, double 2x6 top and bottom cord8 angled wood post9 1.5x3.5 steel purlins10 corrugated metal roof11 rammed earth foundation and slab12 typ. CIP concrete slab beam13 typ. brick wall, 1 wythe14 typ. wood cross box truss15 typ. metal gutter16 CIP concrete pad17 wood shelving unit18 typ. brick wall, 2 wythe19 header tank20 CIP concrete bench21 trellis with typ. wood column and lintel
with 2x6 horizontal elements 50cm OC22 wood fence post with bracket on CIP concrete footing23 french drain24 CIP concrete foundation25 wood shelf with metal bracket bolted to brick26 metal bracket with fabric hook
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
23
24
1
4
4
5
26
7
8
25
25
6
9
10
WATER COLLECTIONCOMMUNITY KITCHEN &DAYCARE CENTER
ASSEMBLY_CALLOUT REFERENCE
ASSEMBLY_WALL TO ROOF DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_MASONRY DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_CAST COUNTERTOP DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_DIVIDER PANEL DETAIL
ASSEMBLY_TRELLIS BRACKET DETAIL
DETAIL_COMPLETE WALL DETAIL
SOAK TESTING
TRELLIS
LABORATORY
water collection canopy
LEARNING HOW TO USE YOUR NEW
CERAMIC WATER FILTER
SITE SECTION_TRANSVERSE 4
8
16
32
9
15
8
14
7
3
5
13
12
11
10
16
3
13
17
18
7
5
6
8
19
20
22
21
9
10
EDUCATION CENTEROPTION 2
ASSEMBLY_EDUCATION CENTERASSEMBLY_EXISTING FACTORY RENOVATION
EDUCATION CENTEROPTION 1
EDUCATION CENTERDAYCARE CENTER
CLAY PROCESSING
30
BIM Unplugged: Experimental Construction Practices in East Africa
advisors: Anselmo Canfora & Jeana Ripple
University of Virginia
Fall 2012 & Spring 2013
recipient of:
UVa School of Architecture Graduate Student Research Grant
31
Kampala, Uganda
The thesis investigates, questions, and critiques current design
and construction practices by Western-run NGOs and non-
for-profits in East Africa, each with a significant presence in
Uganda. Much like the robust BIM systems used for construction
coordination in industrialized nations, the thesis creates a
Toolkit of information stemming from the particularities of
design in this region and the emergent, complex relationships
between East Africa and it’s Western supporters.
Improvisation, practical knowledge, and social interaction
characterize on-the-ground construction operations in East Africa;
yet these processes are sometimes in direct conflict with the Western
management practices inherently imported with design documents
created by humanitarian aid organizations. As visibility and
operations increases for non-for-profits, schools of architecture, and
young firms engaged in design for marginalized communities, few
of their improvised processes are well understood or documented
outside of the individual circles directly involved in the work. Lack
of documentation and congruency between projects is a result of the
overwhelming nature of cross-cultural work, yet makes long-term
progress difficult to gauge.
The Toolkit is suited to the needs and complexities of working in the
developing world through a series of field tests conducted in-country
in March 2013. It serves as a collective memory for the failures and
successes of the past, as well as a comprehensive manual for those
investing in cross-cultural designs for the future.
MASTERS THESIS
32
Is there a trained construction managerwith exerpeince workingin Uganda?
What is the
primary design
conern?
What is the
primary design
conern?
NO
YES
What is the best tool to facilitate this process?
DATA
BASE
MAP
2-D
3-D
VIRTUAL
KINETIC
Which phases design process suitable for intervention or improvement?1 2 3safety
workers during constructionoccupants after construction
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
SITE PREPARATION FOUNDATIONS WALLS/APERTURES BEAMS/COLUMNS ROOF DETAILING WATER SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT
stepped foundationsaccessibility ramping
broom-finished concrete
brick piers for concretemortar gauges
brick bondswall type mock-ups
ISSB bricksmortar gauges
exposed rebarconcrete + wood connections
various structural gridscontinuous ring beam
(instead of concrete above lintels)
precast metal connectionsconcrete + wood connections
double boom trusses(instead of 3-plane)
using power tools plumbing seminarssoak pits + septic tanks(instead of pit latrines)
quality controldimension controlbarefootednessdeep pit-digginguse of hard hats
drawings
interviews
instruction manuals
graphic icons
storybooks
gauges
post-secondary curricula
post-secondary curricula
primary school workshop
prototypes
prototypes
vocational school building
introductory lessons
videography
database
open source documents
recipe cards
regulatory code book
1-1 built experimentscompactiongrading for drainage
cut and fill
accessibility rampingbroom-finished concrete
ISSB bricksmortar gauges
continuous ring beam(instead of concrete above lintels)
simple truss designdouble boom trusses(instead of 3-plane)
soak pits + septic tanks(instead of pit latrines)
barefootednessdeep pit-digginguse of hard hats
cut and fill
multi-story securitystorage facilitiesperipheral building locations
perimeter established
rotated or removed bricksPVC for interior ventilation
glass louvers for daylighting
simple truss designplenum roof for noise control
soak pits + septic tanks(instead of pit latrines)
mortar gaugesexposed brick
lined roof decking(instead of purlins)
nailing patternsbrick patterns
use of templates for rebar use of detailing templates irrigation through rainfallstorage through gravity
bargainingstore record-keeping
agricultural planning
accountability policies for theft
rain through aperturesdouble-skinned walls w/tiesrotated or removed bricksPVC for interior ventilation
glass louvers for daylighting
truss design for air controlplenum roof for noise control
custom security barsmulti-story security
storage facilitiesperipheral building locations
perimeter established
solar panels pit latrines v flush toiletssoak pits + septic tanks(instead of pit latrines)
broom-finish concretestepped foundations
load-bearing stone masonrywall type mock-ups
selective brick patternsmortar gaugesexposed brick
precast metal connectionsconcrete + wood connections
exposed rebar
precast metal connectionsconcrete + wood connections
lined roof decking(instead of purlins)
furniture built-insterrazzo
exposed brick w/polyeurathanenailing patterns
grading / landscape for bioswalesleech fieldsaqua privies
composting toilets
quality controlfield-measured detailing
contractural agreesland rights
adjacenciesagricultural planning
be present when:setting walls
on-site kilns
be present when:setting foundations
pouring the slab
be present when:pouring ring beam
use of templates for rebar
be present when:building first trussplacing first truss
field-measured detailinguse of detailing templates
use of glass in leech fieldsirrigation through rainfallstorage through gravity
use of workshops for trainingcross-training
responsible hiringexit interviews
planning for cheaper transportbargaining
store record-keeping
TYPE 9Stretcher Square Pier
TIGHTBricks / 1m² ~54
Wall Width
100-400mm
Mortar Width 25mm
Tools
9
25mm
100mm
375mm
9
(p) PROS
Additional support for a typical wall
Better used with header course
Clean corners for window openings
Concrete reinforcement possible
Can act as concrete formwork
(x) CONSMore bricks and mortar than typical
construction (more expensive)
Needs quality control supervision
and training
DRAWING
NOTES
DETAIL
data tree
construction tools
field tests
33
Clean UpAll Tools
Off-cuts and Scraps
Unused Materials
Fasteners
Sawhorses
14
STEP 14COMPLETE!
!
14
DRAWING
NOTES
DETAIL
•If
you’re feeling
lucky -
FLIP AGAIN!
•Clean up!
•Jebale ko!
Is there a trained construction managerwith exerpeince workingin Uganda?
What is the
primary design
conern?
What is the
primary design
conern?
NO
YES
What is the best tool to facilitate this process?
DATA
BASE
MAP
2-D
3-D
VIRTUAL
KINETIC
Which phases design process suitable for intervention or improvement?1 2 3safety
workers during constructionoccupants after construction
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
SITE PREPARATION FOUNDATIONS WALLS/APERTURES BEAMS/COLUMNS ROOF DETAILING WATER SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT
stepped foundationsaccessibility ramping
broom-finished concrete
brick piers for concretemortar gauges
brick bondswall type mock-ups
ISSB bricksmortar gauges
exposed rebarconcrete + wood connections
various structural gridscontinuous ring beam
(instead of concrete above lintels)
precast metal connectionsconcrete + wood connections
double boom trusses(instead of 3-plane)
using power tools plumbing seminarssoak pits + septic tanks(instead of pit latrines)
quality controldimension controlbarefootednessdeep pit-digginguse of hard hats
drawings
interviews
instruction manuals
graphic icons
storybooks
gauges
post-secondary curricula
post-secondary curricula
primary school workshop
prototypes
prototypes
vocational school building
introductory lessons
videography
database
open source documents
recipe cards
regulatory code book
1-1 built experimentscompactiongrading for drainage
cut and fill
accessibility rampingbroom-finished concrete
ISSB bricksmortar gauges
continuous ring beam(instead of concrete above lintels)
simple truss designdouble boom trusses(instead of 3-plane)
soak pits + septic tanks(instead of pit latrines)
barefootednessdeep pit-digginguse of hard hats
cut and fill
multi-story securitystorage facilitiesperipheral building locations
perimeter established
rotated or removed bricksPVC for interior ventilation
glass louvers for daylighting
simple truss designplenum roof for noise control
soak pits + septic tanks(instead of pit latrines)
mortar gaugesexposed brick
lined roof decking(instead of purlins)
nailing patternsbrick patterns
use of templates for rebar use of detailing templates irrigation through rainfallstorage through gravity
bargainingstore record-keeping
agricultural planning
accountability policies for theft
rain through aperturesdouble-skinned walls w/tiesrotated or removed bricksPVC for interior ventilation
glass louvers for daylighting
truss design for air controlplenum roof for noise control
custom security barsmulti-story security
storage facilitiesperipheral building locations
perimeter established
solar panels pit latrines v flush toiletssoak pits + septic tanks(instead of pit latrines)
broom-finish concretestepped foundations
load-bearing stone masonrywall type mock-ups
selective brick patternsmortar gaugesexposed brick
precast metal connectionsconcrete + wood connections
exposed rebar
precast metal connectionsconcrete + wood connections
lined roof decking(instead of purlins)
furniture built-insterrazzo
exposed brick w/polyeurathanenailing patterns
grading / landscape for bioswalesleech fieldsaqua privies
composting toilets
quality controlfield-measured detailing
contractural agreesland rights
adjacenciesagricultural planning
be present when:setting walls
on-site kilns
be present when:setting foundations
pouring the slab
be present when:pouring ring beam
use of templates for rebar
be present when:building first trussplacing first truss
field-measured detailinguse of detailing templates
use of glass in leech fieldsirrigation through rainfallstorage through gravity
use of workshops for trainingcross-training
responsible hiringexit interviews
planning for cheaper transportbargaining
store record-keeping
34
site orientation + policy explained
SITE SET-UP
chan
ges d
esign
of w
indow
s
DETA
ILING
hired as a porter
SITE SET-UP
promote
s carp
enter
to fo
reman
MANAG
EMEN
T
rumors of a construction project in the village
SITE SET-UP
inital land discussion meetings w
ith the villagesSITE SET-UP
land deed signedSITE SET-UP
assists foreman to set foundations
SITE SET-UP
train
s car
pent
er to
read
des
ign
draw
ings
DETA
ILIN
G
excavates trenchesEXCAVATION
doub
le c
heck
s pl
ubs
/ lev
els
/ squ
ares
DETA
ILIN
G
mixes concrete
FOOTINGS
plan
s fo
r de
taili
ng
ROOF
promote
d to a
ssista
nt car
pente
r
MANAG
EMEN
T
promotes porter to storekeeper
MANAGEMENT
PHASE 2
promote
d to s
ite fo
reman
NEXT
PROJ
ECT
PHASE 1
PHASE 1
ALL PHASES
PHASE 2
PHASE 3
starts working with skilled antional
SITE SET-UP
finds a place to live close to the site
SITE SET-UP
trai
ns n
ext i
ncom
ing
fore
ign
cons
truc
tion
man
ager
NEXT
PRO
JECT
LEARNING CURVE
WESTERNER
NATIONAL
NATIONAL TRAINS
NATIONALWESTERNER TRAINS
finds
nex
t tea
m to
trai
nNE
XT P
ROJE
CT
exits host countryenters host country
promoted to storekeeper
MANAGEMENT
promote
S stor
ekeep
er to
carpe
nter
MANAG
EMEN
T
PHASE 3
mixes m
ortar and moves bricks
FOUNDATIONS
fires
wor
ker f
or th
eft
ROOF
learns to pour concrete
SLAB
doub
le ch
ecks
plub
s / le
vels
/ squ
ares
ROOF
clears site for material deliveries
EXCAVATION
leav
es c
arpe
nter
in c
harg
e w
hen
on le
ave
DETA
ILIN
G
assists mason
WALLS
plans
for roo
f truss
es
BEAMS A
ND COLUMNS
trained to lay brick from mason
WALLS
double ch
ecks plu
bs / leve
ls / squa
res
BEAMS AND COLUMNS
lays mortar too thickly and must rebuild
WALLS
forgets to check walls and must rebuild
WALLS
assists carpenter
ROOF
double checks plubs / levels / squares
WALLS
trained t
o frame by
carpenter
ROOF
changes design of wall apertures
SLAB
trained
to err
ect tru
sses
ROOF
double checks plubs / levels / squares
FOUNDATIONS
comp
letes
roof
cons
tructi
on
ROOF
plans for foundations
EVACATIONS
train
ed to
cons
truct
door
s and
win
dows
DETA
ILIN
G
double checks plubs / levels / squares
EXCAVATION
train
ed to
ord
er m
ater
ials
by fo
rem
an
MAN
AGEM
ENT
plans for foundationsEXCAVATION
cons
truc
ts d
oors
+ w
indo
ws
DETA
ILIN
G
hires initial workers
SITE SET-UP
give
n sit
e le
ader
ship
whe
n ca
rpen
ter i
s ill
MAN
AGEM
ENT
gets final permit approval
SITE SET-UP
give
n a
small
team
of w
orke
rs to
ove
rsee
MAN
AGEM
ENT
meets with village elders
SITE SET-UP
traine
d to r
ead c
onstr
uctio
n dr
awing
s
MANAG
EMEN
T
initial material procurement
SITE SET-UP
trained form concrete from foremanBEAMS & COLUMNS
plans for beams, columns, and roofWALLS
timber for trusses not yet dry
SITE DELAY
riots
delay
mat
erial
deli
very
SITE
DEL
AY
welding
train
ing fo
r fini
sh work
SITE S
ET-UP
forem
an on
leav
e
SITE D
ELAY
wall mock-up constructed
SITE SET-UP
truss mock-up constructedSITE SET-UP
site volunteers wane
SITE DELAY
initial workers hired
SITE SET-UP
natio
nal e
lect
ion
SITE
DEL
AY
village e
lder dies
SITE DELAY
harvest time
SITE DELAY
workers contract malaria
SITE DELAY
site
thef
tSI
TE D
ELAY
TRAINED by S
KILLED National
WORKS with SKILLED National
TRAINS UNSKILLED National
TRAINS UNSKILLED Westerner
WORK
S w
ith S
KILL
ED W
este
rner
TRAINED by SKILLED Westerner
TEAM 1
Western Management + Ugandan Labor(1) Western Construction Manager
(1) skilled Ugandan
(1) unskilled Ugandan
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
1
2
3
4
5
RECIPE CARDS
TEAM DYNAMIC
CRAFTSMENSHIP
DETAIL
ASSEMBLY
Consulted in order to change the designRe-created own drawings in-the-fi eld
Westerner checked quality control, time, and design changesSkilled and unskilled carpenters responsible for all labor and some design changes
Skilled carpenter came equipped with own toolsExtra time spent on fi nish quality of timber and all cut materials
Innovative counter-sinking of nails to make purlins structuralRecognized the need not to use washers for ceiling panelRe-shaped fascia to fi t the new design
Radically changed to use 30% less timber with same amount of insulation and lighter frameCeiling panel placed within the span of the trusses
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
TEAM 2
Ugandan Management + Labor(1) Ugandan Construction Manager w/Western training
(1) skilled Ugandan
(1) unskilled Ugandan
1
2
3
4
5
RECIPE CARDS
TEAM DYNAMIC
CRAFTSMENSHIP
DETAIL
ASSEMBLY
Consulted throughout the processAsked thoughtful questions about information that was lacking
Construction manager took direction of activity, time, and quality controlWorked effi ciently and together throughout
Frequent measurement checksShimmed and leveled on their own accord
Understood structural orientation of the purlinsProperly located insulation and roofi ng sheets for air and water control
Completed as specifi ed without alternation
digital app [under development]
35
site orientation + policy explained
SITE SET-UP
chan
ges d
esign
of w
indow
s
DETA
ILING
hired as a porter
SITE SET-UP
promote
s carp
enter
to fo
reman
MANAG
EMEN
T
rumors of a construction project in the village
SITE SET-UP
inital land discussion meetings w
ith the villagesSITE SET-UP
land deed signedSITE SET-UP
assists foreman to set foundations
SITE SET-UP
train
s car
pent
er to
read
des
ign
draw
ings
DETA
ILIN
G
excavates trenchesEXCAVATION
doub
le c
heck
s pl
ubs
/ lev
els
/ squ
ares
DETA
ILIN
G
mixes concrete
FOOTINGS
plan
s fo
r de
taili
ng
ROOF
promote
d to a
ssista
nt car
pente
r
MANAG
EMEN
T
promotes porter to storekeeper
MANAGEMENT
PHASE 2
promote
d to s
ite fo
reman
NEXT
PROJ
ECT
PHASE 1
PHASE 1
ALL PHASES
PHASE 2
PHASE 3
starts working with skilled antional
SITE SET-UP
finds a place to live close to the site
SITE SET-UP
trai
ns n
ext i
ncom
ing
fore
ign
cons
truc
tion
man
ager
NEXT
PRO
JECT
LEARNING CURVE
WESTERNER
NATIONAL
NATIONAL TRAINS
NATIONALWESTERNER TRAINS
finds
nex
t tea
m to
trai
nNE
XT P
ROJE
CT
exits host countryenters host country
promoted to storekeeper
MANAGEMENT
promote
S stor
ekeep
er to
carpe
nter
MANAG
EMEN
T
PHASE 3
mixes m
ortar and moves bricks
FOUNDATIONS
fires
wor
ker f
or th
eft
ROOF
learns to pour concrete
SLAB
doub
le ch
ecks
plub
s / le
vels
/ squ
ares
ROOF
clears site for material deliveries
EXCAVATION
leav
es c
arpe
nter
in c
harg
e w
hen
on le
ave
DETA
ILIN
G
assists mason
WALLS
plans
for roo
f truss
es
BEAMS A
ND COLUMNS
trained to lay brick from mason
WALLS
double ch
ecks plu
bs / leve
ls / squa
res
BEAMS AND COLUMNS
lays mortar too thickly and must rebuild
WALLS
forgets to check walls and must rebuild
WALLS
assists carpenter
ROOF
double checks plubs / levels / squares
WALLS
trained t
o frame by
carpenter
ROOF
changes design of wall apertures
SLAB
trained
to err
ect tru
sses
ROOF
double checks plubs / levels / squares
FOUNDATIONS
comp
letes
roof
cons
tructi
on
ROOF
plans for foundations
EVACATIONS
train
ed to
cons
truct
door
s and
win
dows
DETA
ILIN
G
double checks plubs / levels / squares
EXCAVATION
train
ed to
ord
er m
ater
ials
by fo
rem
an
MAN
AGEM
ENT
plans for foundationsEXCAVATION
cons
truc
ts d
oors
+ w
indo
ws
DETA
ILIN
G
hires initial workers
SITE SET-UP
give
n sit
e le
ader
ship
whe
n ca
rpen
ter i
s ill
MAN
AGEM
ENT
gets final permit approval
SITE SET-UP
give
n a
small
team
of w
orke
rs to
ove
rsee
MAN
AGEM
ENT
meets with village elders
SITE SET-UP
traine
d to r
ead c
onstr
uctio
n dr
awing
s
MANAG
EMEN
T
initial material procurement
SITE SET-UP
trained form concrete from foremanBEAMS & COLUMNS
plans for beams, columns, and roofWALLS
timber for trusses not yet dry
SITE DELAY
riots
delay
mat
erial
deli
very
SITE
DEL
AY
welding
train
ing fo
r fini
sh work
SITE S
ET-UP
forem
an on
leav
e
SITE D
ELAY
wall mock-up constructed
SITE SET-UP
truss mock-up constructedSITE SET-UP
site volunteers wane
SITE DELAY
initial workers hired
SITE SET-UP
natio
nal e
lect
ion
SITE
DEL
AY
village e
lder dies
SITE DELAY
harvest time
SITE DELAY
workers contract malaria
SITE DELAY
site
thef
tSI
TE D
ELAY
TRAINED by S
KILLED National
WORKS with SKILLED NationalTRAINS UNSKILLED National
TRAINS UNSKILLED Westerner
WORK
S w
ith S
KILL
ED W
este
rner
TRAINED by SKILLED Westerner
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
TEAM 4Western Labor(1) skilled Westerner
(1) unskilled Westerner
1
2
3
4
5
RECIPE CARDS
TEAM DYNAMIC
CRAFTSMENSHIP
DETAIL
ASSEMBLY
Consulted throughout the processAsked thoughtful questions about information that was lacking
Split tasks and worked separately
Diffi culty with irregular materials and toolsVery few measurement checks throughoutHad to recut timber for purlins
Purlins not rotated for maximum structural effi ciency(however, is structurally appropriate for this mock-up)Determined a roof slope
Completed as specifi ed without intentional alteration
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
safetyworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
securityworkers during constructionoccupants after construction
comfortoccupants after construction
astheticscraft during construction maintenance after construction
managementinnovationinformation during construction
economy
speed
craft
changes
questions
TEAM 3Ugandan Labor(1) skilled Ugandan
(1) unskilled Ugandan
1
2
3
4
5
RECIPE CARDS
TEAM DYNAMIC
CRAFTSMENSHIP
DETAIL
ASSEMBLY
Consulted only in the beginningDid not ask additional questions
Worked effi ciently and together throughoutQuickly changed the sizing of materials
Typical village executionNo nailing patterns or additional quality measuresFew measurement checks throughout
Purlins not rotated for maximum structural effi ciencyToo many purlinsMisplaced roofi ng sheet
Completed as specifi ed without intentional alteration
36
research
37
38
39
POSTdisaster
40
w/ Sara Harper
director: Anselmo Canfora
University of Virginia
January 2012 - February 2013
with:
Initiative reCOVER
design prototype
41
San Marc, Haiti
The Breathe House is the first prototype for Initiative
reCOVER’s Transitional Disaster Prototype Housing (TDRH). It
is an adaptable, deployable, demountable unit created through
interdisciplinary research, manufacturing partnerships, and
marketing campaigns.
The robust design of the Breathe House design incorporates
the constraints of containerization, affordability, easy in-the-field
assembly, and customizable detailing for regional adaptability.
Through industry and academic partnerships, the Breathe House
is currently being tested to achieve FEMA certification for disaster
relief housing. Responsibilities on the project include adaptability
design, design development, detailing, and readiness testing.
The Breathe House was the winner of the ARCHive Institute’s
housing competition in 2010. The panelized house was pre-
fabricated and shipped to Haiti in Summer 2011, and was built in 5
days with no mechanical or electrical assistance. Responsibilities
on the project included project management, coordination,
construction and shop drawings, and adaptable design changes
for Prototype 2.0, completed in February 2013.
DISASTER RESILIENCE
build
42
SHEET NUMBER
A7.04TRANSITIONAL DISASTER RECOVERY HOUSING:PROTOTYPE 2
PROJECT NAME AND LOCATION DRAWING TITLE
TYP. WALL CONNECTIONWORKING DETAILS:I-SEAM
RECORD
CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA
NO. DATE DESCRIPTION
CONSULTANTS
ARCHITECTUREUniversity of VirginiaSchool of ArchitectureInitiative reCOVERCampbell Hall P.O. Box 400122Charlottesville VA 22904-4122, USA+ 1 434 924 7057
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERThe ARUP Cause13 Fitzroy StreetLondon W1T 4BQUnited Kingdom+ 44 0 20 7636 1531
SCALE: 1'-0":1-0"'1
SHEET NUMBER
A7.05TRANSITIONAL DISASTER RECOVERY HOUSING:PROTOTYPE 2
PROJECT NAME AND LOCATION DRAWING TITLE
TYP. CORNER CONNECTIONWORKING DETAILS:MODIFIED I-SEAM 1
RECORD
CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA
NO. DATE DESCRIPTION
CONSULTANTS
ARCHITECTUREUniversity of VirginiaSchool of ArchitectureInitiative reCOVERCampbell Hall P.O. Box 400122Charlottesville VA 22904-4122, USA+ 1 434 924 7057
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERThe ARUP Cause13 Fitzroy StreetLondon W1T 4BQUnited Kingdom+ 44 0 20 7636 1531
SCALE: 1'-0":1-0"'1
3
℄
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
SHEET NUMBER
A7.06TRANSITIONAL DISASTER RECOVERY HOUSING:PROTOTYPE 2
PROJECT NAME AND LOCATION DRAWING TITLE
T-CORNER CONNECTIONWORKING DETAILS:MODIFIED I-SEAM 2
RECORD
CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA
NO. DATE DESCRIPTION
CONSULTANTS
ARCHITECTUREUniversity of VirginiaSchool of ArchitectureInitiative reCOVERCampbell Hall P.O. Box 400122Charlottesville VA 22904-4122, USA+ 1 434 924 7057
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERThe ARUP Cause13 Fitzroy StreetLondon W1T 4BQUnited Kingdom+ 44 0 20 7636 1531
SCALE: 1'-0":1-0"'1
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
SHEET NUMBER
A7.06TRANSITIONAL DISASTER RECOVERY HOUSING:PROTOTYPE 2
PROJECT NAME AND LOCATION DRAWING TITLE
PORCH CORNER CONNECTIONWORKING DETAILS:2'-0" PANELS
RECORD
CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA
NO. DATE DESCRIPTION
CONSULTANTS
ARCHITECTUREUniversity of VirginiaSchool of ArchitectureInitiative reCOVERCampbell Hall P.O. Box 400122Charlottesville VA 22904-4122, USA+ 1 434 924 7057
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERThe ARUP Cause13 Fitzroy StreetLondon W1T 4BQUnited Kingdom+ 44 0 20 7636 1531
SCALE: 1'-0":1-0"'1
PRO
DU
CED
BY
AN
AU
TOD
ESK
ED
UC
ATI
ON
AL
PRO
DU
CT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRO
DU
CED
BY A
N A
UTO
DESK
EDU
CA
TION
AL PR
OD
UC
T
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
prefabricated / demountable connection details
43
44
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Panels
Step 2.1a Order OSB Material
PRE-
FABR
ICAT
ION
Pane
l Sur
faces
PRE-
FABR
ICAT
ION
Pane
l Fra
ming
PRE-
FABR
ICAT
ION
Addit
ional
Comp
onen
ts
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Framing
Step 2.1b Order LVL Beams / Timberstrand / Camlocks
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Additional Components
Step 2.1c Order LVL Beams / 4x4 Ledgers
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Panels
Step 2.2a Coat OSB PanelsPART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Panels
Step 2.3 Press SIPs PanelPART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Panels
Step 2.4 Rough Cut SIPs PanelPART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Panels
Step 2.5a Route + Finish Cut SIPs Panel
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - All
Step 2.5a Assemble Panel w/Timberstrand / Camlocks / Gasket (Applied on-site)
PART 3 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 3.1 - 3.10
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Framing
Step 2.5b Route Timberstrand for CamlocksPART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Framing
Step 2.2b Cut and Coat LVLs / Timberstrand Faces
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Additional Components
Step 2.2b Cut and Coat LVL Beams / 4x4 Ledgers
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Panels
Step 2.1a Order OSB Material
PRE-
FABR
ICAT
ION
Pane
l Sur
faces
PRE-
FABR
ICAT
ION
Pane
l Fra
ming
PRE-
FABR
ICAT
ION
Addit
ional
Comp
onen
ts
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Framing
Step 2.1b Order LVL Beams / Timberstrand / Camlocks
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Additional Components
Step 2.1c Order LVL Beams / 4x4 Ledgers
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Panels
Step 2.2a Coat OSB PanelsPART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Panels
Step 2.3 Press SIPs PanelPART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Panels
Step 2.4 Rough Cut SIPs PanelPART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Panels
Step 2.5a Route + Finish Cut SIPs Panel
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - All
Step 2.5a Assemble Panel w/Timberstrand / Camlocks / Gasket (Applied on-site)
PART 3 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 3.1 - 3.10
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Framing
Step 2.5b Route Timberstrand for CamlocksPART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Framing
Step 2.2b Cut and Coat LVLs / Timberstrand Faces
PART 2 - PREFABRICATION - Additional Components
Step 2.2b Cut and Coat LVL Beams / 4x4 Ledgers
fabrication sequencing
45
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.1 Pour Concrete Piers + Attach Brackets
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.6 SIPs Wall / Floor / Amenities Completion
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.2 LVLs with Ledgers
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.7 Deck Cartridges
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.3 SIPs Exterior Walls
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.8 SIPs Deck Walls
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.4 SIPs Floor Panels
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.9 SIPs Roof Panels
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.5 Interior Walls / Amenities Unit
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.10 Windows / Doors / Vents / Stairs / Coatings
(1) 1-CY 12-bracket package (3) A panels(2) B panels(1) C panels(1) D panels
(2) S panels
(1) C panel(1) D panel(1) E panel(1) F panel
(6) S panels
(4) T cartridges
(3) A panel(3) B panel
(1) G panel(1) H panel
(3) S panels
Living Room Amenities
(1) A panels(1) E panels(1) F panels
(1) A panel(1) B panel
(1) I panel(1) J panel
(4) S panels
Bedroom Amenities
(2) M panels(1) N panel(1) O panel(1) Q panel(1) P panel
(2) R panels
(2) a LVLs (with 4x4 ledgers attached)(2) b LVLs (with 4x4 ledgers attached)(2) c LVLs (with 4x4 and 2x4 ledgers attached)(2) d LVLs (with 4x4 and 2x4 ledgers attached)(1) e LVL(1) f LVL(1) g LVL
(1) 1-CY fixtures / coatings / misc. package
(1) exterior door(1) interior door(10) windows(11) vents
(4) treads(3) risers(5) ribs
(2) K panels(1) L panel
(18) R panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.1 SIPS Roof Panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.6 SIPS Floor Panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.2 Deck Cartridges
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.7 SIPs Long Wall Panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.3 Doors / Windows / Vents
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.8 SIPs Short + Interior Wall Panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.4 SIPS Deck Wall Panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.9 - LVLs with attached Ledgers
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.5 Stairs
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.10 - Bracket / Coatings / Misc Packages
(20) R panels
(15) S panels
(9) T cartridges
(7) A panels(7) B panels
(1) exterior door(1) interior(10) windows(11) vents
(2) C panels(2) D panels(2) E panels(2) F panels(1) G panel(1) H panel(1) I panel(1) J panel
(2) K panels(1) L panel(2) M panels(1) N panel(1) O panel(1) Q panel(1) P panel
(2) a LVLs (with 4x4 ledgers attached)(2) b LVLs (with 4x4 ledgers attached)(2) c LVLs (with 4x4 and 2x4 ledgers attached)(2) d LVLs (with 4x4 and 2x4 ledgers attached)(1) e LVL(1) f LVL(1) g LVL
(4) treads(3) risers(5) ribs
(1) 1-CY bracket package(1) 1-CY fixtures / coatings / misc. package
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.1 Pour Concrete Piers + Attach Brackets
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.6 SIPs Wall / Floor / Amenities Completion
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.2 LVLs with Ledgers
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.7 Deck Cartridges
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.3 SIPs Exterior Walls
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.8 SIPs Deck Walls
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.4 SIPs Floor Panels
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.9 SIPs Roof Panels
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.5 Interior Walls / Amenities Unit
PART 5 - SITE ASSEMBLY
Step 5.10 Windows / Doors / Vents / Stairs / Coatings
(1) 1-CY 12-bracket package (3) A panels(2) B panels(1) C panels(1) D panels
(2) S panels
(1) C panel(1) D panel(1) E panel(1) F panel
(6) S panels
(4) T cartridges
(3) A panel(3) B panel
(1) G panel(1) H panel
(3) S panels
Living Room Amenities
(1) A panels(1) E panels(1) F panels
(1) A panel(1) B panel
(1) I panel(1) J panel
(4) S panels
Bedroom Amenities
(2) M panels(1) N panel(1) O panel(1) Q panel(1) P panel
(2) R panels
(2) a LVLs (with 4x4 ledgers attached)(2) b LVLs (with 4x4 ledgers attached)(2) c LVLs (with 4x4 and 2x4 ledgers attached)(2) d LVLs (with 4x4 and 2x4 ledgers attached)(1) e LVL(1) f LVL(1) g LVL
(1) 1-CY fixtures / coatings / misc. package
(1) exterior door(1) interior door(10) windows(11) vents
(4) treads(3) risers(5) ribs
(2) K panels(1) L panel
(18) R panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.1 SIPS Roof Panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.6 SIPS Floor Panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.2 Deck Cartridges
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.7 SIPs Long Wall Panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.3 Doors / Windows / Vents
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.8 SIPs Short + Interior Wall Panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.4 SIPS Deck Wall Panels
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.9 - LVLs with attached Ledgers
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.5 Stairs
PART 4 - CONTAINERIZATION
Step 4.10 - Bracket / Coatings / Misc Packages
(20) R panels
(15) S panels
(9) T cartridges
(7) A panels(7) B panels
(1) exterior door(1) interior(10) windows(11) vents
(2) C panels(2) D panels(2) E panels(2) F panels(1) G panel(1) H panel(1) I panel(1) J panel
(2) K panels(1) L panel(2) M panels(1) N panel(1) O panel(1) Q panel(1) P panel
(2) a LVLs (with 4x4 ledgers attached)(2) b LVLs (with 4x4 ledgers attached)(2) c LVLs (with 4x4 and 2x4 ledgers attached)(2) d LVLs (with 4x4 and 2x4 ledgers attached)(1) e LVL(1) f LVL(1) g LVL
(4) treads(3) risers(5) ribs
(1) 1-CY bracket package(1) 1-CY fixtures / coatings / misc. package
containerization
on-site assembly
46
critic: Karen van Lengen
University of Virginia
Fall 2011
47
Louis Armstrong Park, New Orleans
Located in the Treme Neighborhood, the Roots of Music Band
Campus acts as a piece of the larger cultural and hydrological
infrastructure of the city.
Specifically, (1) the marching facilities of the school contribute to
the realm of public spectacle in the Treme neighborhood’s second
line parades; (2) the school’s location on the high ground of the
park channels localized water collection to lower ground and
provides shelter during flood; and (3) the school is an anchoring
point for a larger gesture throughout the site, connecting the three
musical venues of the park (school, theater, auditorium) with the
adjacent La Fitte Greenway.
The school itself is able to operate as an insulated institution for
its own purposes, we well as a public stage for its performance
schedule. This public stage is shared with the community
parading clubs, and is the link to the armature that connects all
musical venues with the La Fitte Greenway trailhead. This trailhead
collects pedestrian, bike, and vehicular traffic for both the Park and
the Greenway, freeing up the existing parking on the low ground
of the Park for wetland reclamation and on-site water retention.
ROOTS OF MUSIC BAND CAMPUS
48
east / west pedestiran route
school practice route
la fitte greenwayneutral groundsreclaimed wetlandsnew public ground
school parade routesecond line parade route
north / south pedestrian routevehicular route
site design
49
planned floodingreclaimed wetland
sea level
50
band campus
band hall
band hallrooftop access classroomlibrary + community center
practice field
classrooms
lobby
library +community
center
rooftopaccess
utility
cafeteria
51band hall practice field rooftop access
rooftopaccess
site entry
commercial
commercial
material systems
52
new orleans municipal auditoriumbasin stla fitte greenway mahalia jackson theater
53
site design
building design
regional research
band hall treme nieghborhoodmahalia jackson theater
54
55
OTHERworks
56
spring 2006 fall 2007
desert intervention florida house hongkong photoessaysummer 2008
57
hongkong photoessaysummer 2008 spring 2008 spring 2009
UNDERGRADUATEwork
charleston library university dormitory
58
18”
18”
18” 6”
6”
12”
6”
12”
window
window
interior panel
interior panel
SOUTHERN EXPOSURE_an iterative study of daylight illumination through diffuse southern light megan suau_arch 7250_spring 2012
OPTION_1
south-east vertical face: 28.8% GR (346sf/1200sf) south-east roof face: 12.3% GR (142sf/1150sf)south-west vertical face: 25.0% GR (186sf/742sf)
north-east vertical face: 67.4% GR (452sf/670sf)north-west roof face: 5% GR (30sf/600sf)
interior panels: white-painted gypsum board reflectance: 90% 18” off face of window 6” extention past window openings
interior finishes: finished plywood reflectance: 75.3%
OPTION_2decreased glazing by halfincrease interior panel width to reduce direct illumination
southeast vertical face: 14.4% GR (172.5sf/1200sf) southeast roof face: 6.5% GR (75sf/1150sf)southwest vertical face:
northeast vertical face: 67.4% GR (452sf/670sf)northwest roof face: 5% GR (30sf/600sf)
interior panels: white-painted gypsum board reflectance: 90% 6” off face of window 12” extention past window openings
interior finishes: finished plywood reflectance: 75.3%
10AMsunny
10AMsunny
10AMsunny
10AMsunny
3PMsunny
3PMsunny
3PMsunny
3PMsunny
overcast (design sky) overcast (design sky)
schematic_2schematic_1 specsspecs window+panel plan detailwindow+panel plan detail
overcast (design sky) overcast (design sky) overcast (design sky)
overcast (design sky) overcast (design sky)
overcast (design sky)
JUN
E 21
stD
ECEM
BER
20t
h
N
N
FIGURE 2_3PM_SUNNY_illuminance levels
FIGURE 10_3PM_SUNNY_illuminance levels
FIGURE 6_3PM_SUNNY_illuminance levels
FIGURE 14_3PM_SUNNY_illuminance levels
FIGURE 4_10AM_SUNNY_shadow study
FIGURE 12_10AM_SUNNY_shadow study
FIGURE 8_10AM_SUNNY_shadow study
FIGURE 16_10AM_SUNNY_shadow study
FIGURE 3_3PM_SUNNY_luminance false color study
FIGURE 11_3PM_SUNNY_luminance false color study
FIGURE 7_3PM_SUNNY_luminance false color study
FIGURE 15_3PM_SUNNY_luminance false color study
(CONTOUR NOT INCLUDED FOR CLARITY) (CONTOUR NOT INCLUDED FOR CLARITY)
(CONTOUR NOT INCLUDED FOR CLARITY)
SOUTHEASTSOUTHEAST
SOUTHWESTSOUTHWEST
607 lux481 lux
492 lux
1043 luxsouthwest wall
1371 luxsouthwest wall
1414 luxsouthwest
881 luxsoutheast wall3517 lux
southeast window
3380 luxsoutheast
775 luxsoutheast panel
784 luxsoutheast
614 lux
1384 luxsouthwest
761 luxsoutheast
The project is a class hall intended for meetings, reviews, and pin-ups. The space is a continuous volume with exposed glulam beams 4’-0” on-center, with 3’-4” gaps between for glazing and apertures. The illuminance target for this project was set by a observed conditions in a room of similar occupational programming and square-footage (approx. 1000sf) – Campbell Hall Room 425. The room was measured on a sunny day at noon with readings between 5-100 lux, and on an overcast day with readings of 5-50 lux. Because the program requires visual attention directed at wall surfaces (ie, discussion directed at posters, screens, etc), the glare ratio is intended to be as low as possible to prevent discomfort while direct sunlight on pin-up surfaces is to be entirely omitted. Glare ratios are therefore intended to be less than 15 for visual comfort, as recommended by Szokolay.1
1 Szokolay, SV. “Light: The Luminous Environment.” Introduction to Architecture Science. Architectural
Press, 2008. 107.
This study is concerned with the glazing ratios and diffusing panels on the southeast face, southeast roof skylights, and southwest face of the building. The building is sited on a 45° angle to true North at latitude 38.1 and is occupied between the hours of 9am-5pm. Because of low sun angles during the winter, fenetration is placed along the southern edges to provide daylight illumination at all times of the year. All glazing is double-pane low-E glass. Interior gypsum panels hang just inside of these windows; these panels diffuse light on their outer face, act as pin-up walls on their inner face, and help to reduce the overall direct glare that enters the building. Both sides of these panels are painted white. All other interior finishes are light woods of with a reflectance of 75.3%.
ECOTECT/RADIANCE readings were taken at the extreme conditions of December 20th and June 21st, at 10am and 3pm, during overcast and sunny conditions. The first set of readings was conducted with 18”-wide glazing panels at glazing ratios of 28% on the southeast wall and 12% on the southeast roof. The large picture window on the southwest face has a glazing ration of 25%. The interior panels were placed 18” away from the surface of the glass, and extended 6” beyond the edge of the glazing. Unexpected findings in ECOTECT/RADIANCE showed that the sun angle in the afternoon easily penetrates the space between the glazing and the panels (FIGURES 2, 10). In addition, false color readings show that the glare ratio between window surfaces and surrounding surfaces at this time of day was 19 (950cd/m / 50cd/m) and did not meet the target criteria (FIGURES 3, 11). Also, while design sky conditions produced more even daylight results throughout the room, sunny conditions resulted in surface illumination above 2000 lux (FIGURES 1, 9).
The second set of studies is in response to these failed criteria and to the unexpected consequence of having possibly too much daylight illumination. In order to create a more even distribution of daylight along the southeast pin-up wall, the panels were moved closer to the windows (6” off the face) and were extended 12” beyond the edge of the glazing. In addition, the glazing ratio was reduced by half on the southeast wall and roof. Readings in the middle of the space averaged between 400-500 lux during overcast conditions, and 800-900 lux during sunny conditions (FIGURES 5, 13). However, the lack of panels on the northeast and southwest picture windows produces significant glare during sunny conditions. Illuminance and false color renderings show that there is now no direct sunlight entering the space on the southeast wall, and that glare ratios along this edge reach their target of 11 (550cd/m / 50 cd/m) (FIGURES 6, 7, 14, 15).
If this study were to continue to achieve zero glare using diffused light, I would significantly reduce the glazing ratio on the northeast (67.5%) and southwest (25.0%), or include similar diffusing panels for these edges. I had not anticipated the amount of direct solar exposure that would result from these large picture windows since neither is facing directly south. I believe the next step would be to eliminate the picture windows entirely, restore the previous southeasterly glazing ratios of 28.8% (wall) and 12.3% (roof) with the larger interior panel option, and then test to see if the illumination performance criteria were met with these variables.
FIGURE 1_A-D_RADIANCE illumination readings
FIGURE 9_A-D_RADIANCE illumination readingsFIGURE 13_A-D_RADIANCE illumination readings
FIGURE 5_A-D_RADIANCE illumination readings
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NET HEAT TRANSFER
HEAT LOSS
BHLC
ASSEMBLY LOSS
INTERNAL GAIN
VENTILATION LOSSBUILDINGDESIGN
ASHRAESTANDARDS
CLIMATEDATA
ASSEMBLY LOSS
SOLAR GAIN
∆T (°F)
HEAT GAIN
heat loss - heat gain
(bhlc) x (∆T) x (24)
solar gains + internal gains
ventilation loss + assembly loss
Fenestration Thermal Properties + Elevations Calculations Heat Gains + Losses
Assembly + U-Values
∑(A x U)
occupants + lighting + plug load
1.08 x ventilation rate
(occupancy) x (air rate / person)
(glass A) x (glass U-value)
(opaque A) x (opaque U-value)
(area) x( air rate / area)FOOTPRINT
1640 ft² opaque
90 ft² glazing
NORTHEASTSOUTH
FLOOR PLAN
WESTROOF
500 ft² opaque
580 ft² opaque
256 ft² glazing
33.9 %WWR
21.1 %WWR
0 %WWR
0 %WFR
39.8 %WFR
21.3 %WFR
7.5 %WFR
25.5 %WFR
5.14 %WWR
34.2 %WWR
28.8 %GROSS WWR
1130.5 ft²GROSS GLAZING
3930.5 ft²GROSS WALL AREA
0 ft² glazing
FRAMEASSEMBLY THICKNESS /CONDUCTIVITY* =R-VALUEStanding-seam 5mm /1.61 =1.61Batten 3/4" /1.0 =0.75Plywood 3/4" /1.07 =0.93Heavy Timber Purlin 7 1/2" /1.1 =8.25Plywood 1/2" /1.6 =.62Batten 1 1/2" /1.0 =1.5Gypsum 1/2" /2.22 =.25Inside Air =.68 =13.8
CAVITYASSEMBLY THICKNESS /CONDUCTIVITY* =R-VALUEStanding-seam 5mm /1.61 =1.61Air Space 3/4" =2.36Plywood 3/4" /1.07 =0.93Batt Insulation 7 1/2" /.045 =22.0Plywood 1/2" /1.6 =.62Air Space 1 1/2" /1.0 =2.18Gypsum 1/2" /2.22 =.25Inside Air =.68 =29.8
U-VALUE - FRAME 1/13.8 .072
U-VALUE - CAVITY 1/29.8 .033
.072 x 12%(@ 24" O.C.) .00864
.033 x 88%(@ 24" O.C.) .02904
U-VALUE WALL
.038
U-VALUE GLASS
.28
GLASS*
ASSEMBLY U-VALUE
Low-E Clear .28
.28
1252 ft² opaque
478.5 ft² glazing
535 ft² opaque
306 ft² glazing
4295 ft²
1200 ft²
30
65 W/m²
1360 ft²
1.0 W/ft²
.25 W/ft²3.4 kW
13.6 kW
35.1 kW
.038
.06*
390.0 kBTU
163.2 kBTU
the U-value of the opaque wall and roof are the samethere are no skylights
fenestration propertiesclimate datafloor reflectance based on window/floor ratios
ASHRAE standardASHRAE standard, Table 9.5.1ASHRAE Journal, May 2011
ASHRAE Appendix B
ASHRAE 62.1-2007
*
**
***
***
***
***
*
*
1393 ft²
30
.28
10*
72 CFM
300 CFM
AIR RATE/AREA
OPAQUE U-VALUE*
OCCUPANT LOAD
49.7 kBTU
OCCUPANCY
OPAQUE AREA
LIGHTING LOAD
142 kBTU
AIR RATE/PERSON
GLAZING AREA
GLASS U-VALUE**
PLUG LOAD
8.8 kBTU
∑(SHGC x GVI x SRR x 1/U x AREA)
mean T indoor - mean DB outdoor
+ 79.5 kBTU
458.4 kBTU
955.0 kBTU553.25 kBTU
52.1 kWh / 177.8 kBTU
401.7 kBTU
201.0 kBTU
20°F
378.9 kBTU
458.4 kBTU - 378.9 kBTU
(955.0) x (20) x (24)
(201.1 kBTU) + (177.8 kBTU)
(401.7 kBTU) + (553.3 kBTU)
(141.2) + (390.0) + (22.0) + (0.0)
(35.1 kW) + (13.6 kW) + (3.4 kW)
(1.08) x (372)
(30) x (10)
(1393 sf ) x (.280 BTU/sf )
(4295 sf ) x (.038 BTU/sf )
(1200) x (.06)
(49.7) + (142) + (8.8)
(64°F) - (44°F)
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
x
OCCUPANCY
SHGC
METABOLIC RATE*
IRRADIATION
TOTAL SQFT
RAD. RETAINED
MAX LPD**
UNOBSTRUCTED
PLUG LOAD***
GLASS AREA
x1.8
x
x x x
x
.27*
S
.27*
E/W
.27*
N
1000** 790** 390**
.77*** .81*** .93***
0.5 1.0 1.0
478.5 ft2 825.0 ft2 90.0 ft²
+
++
a c
c1
c2
d
d1
d2
d3
d4
d5
b
FOOTPRINT 1200 ft²
TOTAL FT² 1360 ft²MULTI-USE
30 OCCUPANTSVOLUME 34,480 ft³
SURF AREA 5742 ft²
c3
c4
This multi-use design proposal has relatively high heat losses (458.4 kBTU) and heat gains (378.9 kBTU) through-out the day, with a net HEAT loss of 79.5 kBTU (Figure D5).
HEAT LOSS
Heavy timber construction dictates that purlin dimensions are no less than 5’-6”. This design utilizes 7’-6” purlins with a con-tinuous cavity from roof to foundation (Figure B). Because the wall framing and corresponding insulation cavity is thicker than typical wood stud construction (1.5-2.5” studs), the assembly has a low U-value of .038 (Figure B), well below the ASHRAE standard of .50. The assembly loss is therefore relatively low for such a large surface area of opaque wall and roof (163.2 kBTU/day over 4507 ft2). However, with a gross glazing ratio of 28.8% and 1130.5 ft2 of glass (Figure A), much assembly heat loss occurs through the glass surfaces. Even though glazing con-tributes to a quarter of the total overall surface area, it is more than double the total heat loss through the building envelope (390.0 kBTU, Figure C2). Assembly heat loss could be reduced by (1) specifying glazing with a lower U-value (.28, Figure B); (2) reducing the amount of glazing, but therefore reducing solar gains and daylighting; or (3) by using the depth of the wall to create a significantly thicker transparent assembly to mitigate heat transfer through multiple layers and reducing the U-value.
HEAT GAIN
Though much of the assembly heat loss occurs through the glazing surfaces, this is also where much of the solar gains occur. (157.4 kBTU/day over only 562 ft2). While the glazing ratios are greatest on the Southern face (39.8%, 478.5 ft2 Figure A), the glass sections are only 18” wide and set within the 10” depth of the wall section, therefore creating considerable overshading on the South side. The thickness of the wall creates a veritable vertical “louver” for these narrow panes of glass.
Large picture windows on the East and West elevations is where the majority of solar heat gains occur. Even though the surface area of Southern glazing is comparable to the combined East and West glazing (478.5 ft2 and 562 ft2, respectively), the East and West heat gain is three-times greater than that on the Southern elevation (142 kBTU and 49.7 kBTU, respectively, Figure C3). A way to reduce solar gains would be to incorporate the narrower sections of glass used on the Southern face, there-fore increasing overshading on the East and West faces. Also, increasing the glazing ratio on the North elevation (5.14%, Figure A) while reducing ratios on the East and West elevations could increase solar gains during the winter while preventing overheating in the summer. (Currently, the fire stair is located on the North side of the building and prevents additional glazing.) As glazing ratios increase, however, so would heat loss through the glazing with the currently specified assembly and U-value.
CONCLUSIONS
As the current design has higher heat loss than heat gain, determining a way to decrease losses while maintaining current gains would be ideal. While ventilation heat loss and internal heat gains are relatively fixed based on the building’s footprint and occupational use, the majority of designable alternatives are through assembly heat loss and solar heat gain. The high values of assembly heat loss (553.3 kBTU, Figure D1) compared to solar heat gain (201.1 kBTU, Figure D2) would make reducing heat losses through the glazing assembly a design priority mov-ing forward. If the glass assembly’s U-value could be reduced while increasing glazing ratios on the North elevation, solar gains may increase while assembly heat loss decreases.
Even though the heat loss / heat gain values are within 80 kBTU, they are also relatively large for a 1200 ft2 building. This is a concern, should site conditions shift and create a larger discrepancy between heat loss and heat gain. For example, should large trees be planted near the East and West elevations, solar heat gains would be significantly reduced and the large heat loss values would require the building to have considerably larger mechanical systems. In addition, the thick opaque wall assembly might produce overheating in the summer. When the mean indoor and outdoor dry bulb temperatures are similar, they will produce reduced heat loss transfers, making solar and internal heat gains greater than assembly heat loss in summer months.
WorkshopMegan SuauARCH 8230Spring 2013
spring 2012 spring 2012
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detailing analysis daylighting + thermal analysis new york theory analysissummer 2012
59
new york theory analysis2012 2013summer 2012
GRADUATEwork
VORTEX competition VORTEX competition
60
design / documents / construction managementengineering ministries international
design / documents / modeling / renderingsweet sparkman architects
rural clinic beach house beach park 1modeling / rendering / competition
sweet sparkman architects
61
beach park 1modeling / rendering / competition
sweet sparkman architectsmodeling / rendering / competition
sweet sparkman architectsdesign / modeling / rendering / competition
sweet sparkman architects
PROFESSIONALwork
beach park 2 historical renovation / park pavilion
62
EDUCATION
2011.09 - 2013.05
Master’s of ArchitectureUniversity of Virginia, Charlottesville(3.6 GPA)
2012.01.07 - 2012.01.11
ExternshipEnnead Architects, New York, NY
2011.01 - 2011.07
Architect InternSweet Sparkman Architects, Sarasota, FL
Worked in a small practice specializing in residential and public works projects. Responsibilities included as-built drawings and construction documents; physical and 3D digital modeling and rendering; preparation of marketing materials and proposals; and participation in public design charrettes and private competitions.
2010.01 - 2010.12
Architect & Construction Management InternEngineering Ministries International,Kampala & Jinja, Uganda
Worked as a volunteer in an design/build A/E firm serving the region of East Africa. Projects included housing, education, and health care facilities for rural communities. Responsibilities included design, construction documents, marketing materials, project reports, and daily on-site construction management of 4-10 skilled and unskilled Ugandan workers.
2009.05-2009.11
Architect InternSweet Sparkman Architects, Sarasota, FL
2005.08 - 2009.05
Bachelor of Design with a Major in ArchitectureArt History MinorUniversity of Florida, GainesvilleSumma Cum Laude (3.8 GPA)
2005.05 - 2005.06
Paris Research CenterUniversity of Florida Study Abroad, Paris, France
2008.05 - 2008.07
East Asia Summer ProgramUniversity of Florida Study Abroad, Hong Kong & Xi’an, China
WORK EXPERIENCE
Megan SuauArchitect Intern2319 Highland AveCharlottesville, VA 22903
[email protected](941) 882 2280
2012.01 - 2012.08
Graduate Research AssistantInitiative reCOVER, Charlottesville VA
Worked as designer and project manager to complete construction documents and shop drawings. Coordinated with manufacturers and fabricators for the creation of a two prototypical, flat-packed, disaster recovery housing units.
Fall 2011, Spring 2013
Graduate Teaching Assistant ARCH 2010, ARCH 1030Worked as a design studio teaching assistant and mentor to first- and second-year undergraduate students.
Spring 2013
Graduate Admissions CommitteeUniversity of Virginia School of ArchitectureServed as a student advisor to A-School faculty to review and select the incoming graduate class of 2016.
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CURRICULUMvitae
AutoCAD ArchitectureAdobe Photoshop / Illustrator / InDesignRhino / SketchUpVray / Maxwell / PodiumEcotect / TAS
DraftingModelingSketching / Painting
2013
Jefferson Public Citizens GrantSchool Design in Ugandawith Initiative reCOVER
May 2013
LUNCH8for “Deconstructing Danville”with Andrew Brown, Liz Kneller, and Parker Sutton
2012
Masters Thesis Traveling Research GrantUniversity of Virginia School of Architecture
April 2013
Reclaim + Remake Symposiumat The Catholic University of Americafor “Deconstructing Danville”with Andrew Brown, Liz Kneller, and Parker Sutton
2012.05-2012.08
Virginia Tobacco Indemnification Commission GrantTransitional Disaster Recovery Housingwith Initiative reCOVER
April 2013
Paper Matters for “Mukondeni Pottery Cooperative”with Initiative reCOVER Studio
July 2009
Beyond Media 2009: Visions “Spot on Schools” Exhibitionfor “University Dormitory” and “Multiuse Furniture”
May 2009
Architravefor “Regenerative Infrastructures”
2012.01-2012.04
National Science Foundation GrantTransitional Disaster Recovery Housingwith Initiative reCOVER
2011.09 - 2013.05
Academic ScholarshipUniversity of Virginia School of Architecture
2009
Design Honor AwardUniversity of Florida School of Architecture
2005.08 - 2009.05
Full Academic ScholarshipFlorida Academic Scholars Award
AWARDS & HONORS PUBLICATIONS
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THANK YOU
I dedicate this portfolio to my studiomates. Especially, Matthew Pinyan, Ryan Metcalf, Ryan Lewandowski, Rebecca Hora, Erin Root, Alexander Ruhnau, Andrew Davis, and Sarah & Noah Marks. I see your never-ending supply of inspiration, support and talent evidenced in every page of this book. You continue to shape me as a designer and a friend.
To the gifted professors and professionals who dedicated themselves to sparking my interests, helped me to pursue them, and answered my many, many questions. Especially, Anselmo Canfora, Jeana Ripple, Karen Van Lengen, Charlie Menefee, Matthew Jull, John Quale, Iñaki Alday, Jerry Sparkman, and Todd Sweet.
To the Sauder and Hoyt Families, for your continued encouragement and guidance.
To Mom and Dad, for everything.
Seriously, thanks.
evolving norms of complex site processesCONTEXT
megan suau
