gps adjacent wassaf, ph.d. stephen mackey george dimos€¦ · 18/09/2014 · 1 gps receivers...
TRANSCRIPT
1
GPS Receivers Use-Case Information
GPS Adjacent Band Compatibility Assessment WorkshopHadi Wassaf, Ph.D. Stephen Mackey George Dimos
The National Transportation Systems Center
Advancing transportation innovation for the public good
U.S. Department of TransportationOffice of the Secretary of TransportationJohn A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
September 18, 2014
2
Topics
1. Background2. Use Case Template3. Description of Submitted Use‐Cases from
DOT Extended Pos/Nav Working Group4. Utilization of Use‐Case Information 5. Request of Information for Additional Use‐
Cases from GPS Receiver Manufacturers6. Future Steps
3
Background June 2014 : DOT Extended Pos/Nav WG meeting in
Washington DC to discuss the technical approach of the OST‐R portion of the GPS Adjacent Band Compatibility Program including the need for use case information.
July 2014 : GPS use‐case template sent out to DOT Extended Pos/Nav WG participating civil departments and agencies
August 15, 2014 : Extended Pos/Nav WG responses were due September 04, 2014: Presented initial data gathering results
to the WG for data received up till August 15th
Today: Updated results to reflect data received up through September 5, 2014
4
Use Case Template
5
Extended Pos/Nav WG Submitted Use Cases
6
Agencies That Provided Use Case Responses
DHS(CBP, ICE, TSA, USSS) DOC(NIST, NOAA) DOI(BLM, FWS) DOT(FAA, FRA, MARAD) NASA DOT‐CA USDA
7
Description of Submitted Use-Cases (Up Till 08\15\2014)
RECEIVER CATEGORIES, RESPONSES, Number of Units
Summary of Use‐Case Information from Pos/Nav responses
Receiver Category Responses Total Known Number of Units/Future
Cellular (CEL) 1 375
General Aviation (GAV) 23 UNKGeneral Location/Navigation (GLN) 42 45,279/22,000High Precision (HPR) 32 4,293/300
Timing (TIM) 28 133/45,100Networks (NET) 3 38
Space Based (SPB) 1 16/7
8
Summary of Received Use-Case Information Sorted by Manufacturer (1/2)
*Unknown**To be deployed in the future***Trimble, Ashtech, Novatel, Javad Septentrio, etc
8 10
429
4 1 32
1850
13 2 39 6 8
260
2
1610
3 12 2
300
670
380 32 1
1968
192
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
9
Summary of Received Use-Case Information Sorted by Manufacturer (2/2)
5 2
3674
2006 11
21450 25 2
30027 47 2 77 3 15 10 9
16524814 30 8 15
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
500024000 67100 6471
*Unknown**To be deployed in the future****TBD
10
Some Caveats
There are a number of ambiguities on the classifications of receivers that need to be resolved: For example: 22,000 receivers classified as GLN and Timing. We need to go back and get clarification
The make/models are shown mostly as reported. We will need to validate each of the make and model and probably verify them with the reporting agencies to minimize assumptions on our side.
We have reclassified some of the responses: One response was reclassified from GLN to GAV One response was reclassified from HPR to GAV One response was reclassified from HPR to SPB
A lot of TBD and Unknown receivers: Unless we get clarifications, they will clearly not be part of the pool of receivers to consider for testing although any other relevant use‐case information will be considered
11
General Location/Navigation (GLN)
12
10000
1
1850
1 39 6 260 21609
3 670 1 105 191
3674
200
24000
77
22000
1
2570
00
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
General Location/Navigation (GLN)by Manufacturer
*No Manufacturer available**22,000 GPS receivers to be deployed in the Future/Note that those are double counted under Timing***In release process
Receiver by Manufacturer
13
High Precision (HPR)
14
High Precision (HPR)by Manufacturer
*Trimble, Ashtech, Novatel, Javad, Septentrio, etc** To be launched in the future
8 10
428
4 16 12 0 12 2300
80 32
1863
1 2 6 11214
2 27 2 9164 248
7
3863
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500 Receiver by Manufacturer
15
Networks (NET), Space Based (SPB), Cellular (CEL)
16
Networks (NET), Space Based (SPB), Cellular (CEL)by Manufacturer
NET
SPB
Receiver by Manufacturer
CEL
*Launched in the Future
38
167 3
25
300
47
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
17
Timing (TIM)
18
1 2 8 1 5
50
315 10 2
288
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
50045,100
Timing (TIM)by Manufacturer
*Unknown**45,100 GPS receivers to be deployed in the future will be deployed/22000 of which are double‐counted under GLN
Receiver by Manufacturer
19
General Aviation (GAV) [Non-Precision]
20
General Aviation (GAV) [Non-Precision]by Manufacturer
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2 Receiver by Manufacturer
21
Description of Submitted Use-Cases ANTENNA TYPESCategory Make Model Integration Orientation
CEL No Response No Response Integrated Fixed
GLN >20 >20 Integrated / Separate
Fixed / Variable
HPR >20 >20 Integrated / Separate
Fixed / Variable
TIM Novatel, Ashtech, Symmetricom,TrueTime, Trimble
701/702/703ASH701945G_M58532A
Separate Fixed(Variable in future,application to support radio networks)
NET Trimble, Cambium Zephyr,PTP45600
Separate Fixed
SPB JPL, Haig‐Farr Separate Fixed
22
Description of Submitted Use-Cases RECEIVER ANTENNA HEIGHT AND SPEEDCategory MIN Height
(ft. AGL)MAX Height (ft. AGL)
Speed (mph)
Comments
CEL NoResponse
NoResponse
NoResponse
GAV NoResponse
1,00033,000
100300
Aerial surveysAirborne science
GLN 0 – 5
50
2 – 15
100
0 ‐ 1040 ‐ 7015035
Mississippi river, soloforestData collectionProvide constant lat/lon pos.
HPR 0 ‐ 5 2 –33
0 ‐ 100
0 ‐ 100 ‐ 4515 – 60
Cadastral boundary surveysMobile terr. Laser scanningGround networks
TIM 0 ‐ 8 15 ‐ 100 150
0100 Future radio support
NET 0 ‐ 7 7 ‐ 130 0
SPB 1,700,000 4,300,000 16,000
23
Description of Submitted Use-Cases URBANIZATION AND TERRAIN
Category Urbanization (mostly) Terrain (mostly)URBAN / SUBURBAN / RURAL FLAT/SLOPED/CANYON – OPEN/IMPEDED – DRY/WET
CEL Urban/Suburban/Rural Flat/Sloped/Canyon – Open/Impeded ‐ Dry
GAV Rural Flat ‐ Open ‐ Dry
GLN Urban/Rural/Suburban Flat/Sloped/Canyon ‐ Open/Impeded ‐ Dry/Wet
HPR Urban/Rural/Suburban Flat/Sloped/Canyon ‐ Open/Impeded ‐ Dry/Wet
TIM Urban/Rural/Suburban Flat/Sloped/Canyon ‐ Open/Impeded ‐ Dry
NET Urban/Rural Flat/Sloped ‐ Open ‐ Dry
SPB N/A N/A
24
Utilization of Use-Case Information
The use‐cases collected have the following 2 primary purposes:A. Identifying the receiver types and associated applications B. Collecting input to the network aggregation tool
25
A. Identifying Receiver Types and Associated Applications (1/2)
An integral part of the current Adjacent Band Compatibility work is the development and implementation of a receiver test plan to assess harmful interference levels in the adjacent band.
The receivers in the use case responses will be considered candidate receivers to be tested.
However, a set of agreed upon criteria must be used to down‐select from a set of “representative” receivers to be tested.
26
A. Identifying Receiver Types and Associated Applications (2/2) What should the down‐selection process entail? Possible criteria are:
The number of units deployed (must be greater than some threshold)
Type and/or criticality of the application
Whether a particular receiver model is known to bound the performance of some other receiver models from the same manufacturer , (i.e. representative of other receiver for the same application).
o This is to eliminate redundant testing o This requires going through receiver specifications and working with manufacturers
Testing Feasibility:o Whether the receiver hardware and software permit easy access to the relevant
information (SNR, other spectral information, Pseudorange error, Loss of Lock and other Alarms, etc…)
o In the case of integrated Antenna/Receiver: Accessibility to receiver input port for a wired test.
27
B- Collecting Input to the Network Aggregation Model (1/7)
Volpe is in the process of developing and implementing a Network power aggregation tool based on known and established propagation models.
The purpose of this tool is to estimate the RFI power coupled into a GNSS receiver antenna based on a wireless network characteristics with flexible attributes
The use cases determine some of the ranges of inputs to be used when looking at an interaction scenario using the aggregation tool
28
B- Collecting Input to the Network Aggregation Model (2/7)
The relevant use‐case information for the aggregation tool are:i. Range of Antenna Heightsii. Antenna Orientation: Fixed or Variableiii. Urbanization Leveliv. Terrain Attributesv. Mobility/Maneuvering Speeds
29
B- Collecting Input to the Network Aggregation Model (3/7)
i. The GNSS antenna height (or relative height to transmit antenna) determines the effects of each transmitter antenna pattern on the coupled RFI power level.
- 1 0 0- 5 0
05 0
1 0 0
- 1 0 0
- 5 0
0
5 0
1 0 0- 1
- 0 . 5
0
0 . 5
1
G x ( d B )
3 - D G ( , ) A n t e n n a D i r e c t i v i t y F o r t h e F i r s t T r a n s m i t t e r In S p h e r . C o o r .
G y ( d B )
30
- 1 0 0- 5 0
05 0
1 0 0
- 1 0 0
- 5 0
0
5 0
1 0 0- 1
- 0 . 5
0
0 . 5
1
G x ( d B )
3 - D G ( , ) A n t e n n a D i r e c t i v i t y F o r t h e F i r s t T r a n s m i t t e r In S p h e r . C o o r .
G y ( d B )
B- Collecting Input to the Network Aggregation Model (4/7)
ii. GNSS Receiver Orientation: determines the receiver antenna pattern effects on power coupling
31
B- Collecting Input to the Network Aggregation Model (5/7)
iii. Urbanization Level:
This information is primarily relevant to the electromagnetic propagation. The choice of parameters for these propagation models are based on the urbanization levels among other contributing factors
32
B- Collecting Input to the Network Aggregation Model (6/7)iv. Terrain attributes have two main effects:
Affects Antenna orientation
Blockage for a sector of the interfering network
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
60
-1800-1600-1400-1200-1000-800-600-400-2000200
0
10
20
30
40
50
X (m)
Transmitters Network 3-D Map
Y (m)
Z (m
)
Blocked Transmitters
33
B- Collecting Input to the Network Aggregation Model (7/7)v. Mobility/Maneuvering speeds:
• This is not an explicit input to the model. The primary utilization of this parameter is to get a feel of how dynamic the scenario is.
• For example, in a complex terrain the speed can be informative on how long a scenario is expected to be static. That is, how often a scenario can change in the course of one hour (for example).
34
Request Use-Cases from GPS Receiver Manufacturers
Although the collected responses from US agencies reveal a wide diversity of specialized applications, the number of receiver units involved is probably not representative of the total number of active GPS receivers in the US.
It is desirable that the DOT Extended Pos/Nav Working Group responses be complemented with additional information from receiver manufacturers, academic institutions, or other sources, regarding the characteristics of prominent applications which involve the bulk of the GPS receiver units in the US.
35
Appendix
36
General Location/Navigation (GLN)by Manufacturer and Model
Receivers by Model
1
1850
1 39 6120
5585 2 2 2 10 3 1 3 59 6 3
842
8 501050
454
1004 2 3
670
1105
4 2
185
2124
50
1500
20077
1 4 1102100
2035
2 16
209
2 5741 1 0 150
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
300010000
24000 22000
*No Manufacturer available**22,000 GPS receivers to be deployed in the Future/Note that those are double counted under Timing***In release process
37
High Precision (HPR) [1/2]by Manufacturer and Model
*Trimble, Ashtech, Novatel, Javad Septentrio, etc**To be launched in the future
6 2 6 4 1 1 2 1672
284
2 3 48 2 2 12 4 12 0 12 2
300
278
101012 8 1 1 1 5104
1672
12 6 2025 8 1 2 2 2 2 3 8 2 2 2 2 412478
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800Receiver by Model
38
High Precision (HPR) [2/2]by Manufacturer and Model
**To be launched in the future
2 1 26 2 910050 2 4 2 6
248
6 1 31171733 1 1101
1523198
2 1 2 1 1 2
2578
1 3 1 8
300
1115 2
391
3 2 31 1 1534 4 12 2 2 10
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000 Receiver by Model
39
Networks (NET), Space Based (SPB), Cellular (CEL)by Manufacturer and Model
Receivers by ModelNET
SPB
CEL
16 19
2 1 412 7
100
200
10 153 2
45
0
50
100
150
200
250
*Launched in the Future
40
Timing (TIM)by Manufacturer and Model
Receiver by Model
*Unknown**45,100 GPS receivers will be deployed in the future/22000 of which are double‐counted under GLN
1 2 4 4 1 5
50
3 15 3 2 5 2 222
1 1 1 1 80
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
50045,100
41
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
General Aviation (GAV) [Non-Precision]by Manufacturer and Model
Receiver by Model