good application e-con2012 new for publishing.pptx

What makes an applica/on a “good” applica/on ? How is so'ware experienced by end-‐users ? Chris7an Campo EclipseCon 2012

•  Chris/an Campo

How is so:ware experienced by end-‐users ? •  What is Usability ?

•  Flow ? •  “Gestalt” Laws ?

Who are we ?

So'ware Quality

Efficiency

Func7o-‐nality

Maintainability

Portabi-‐lity

Usability

So:ware Quality

Defini/on of Usability "The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to

achieve specified goals with effec:veness, efficiency, and sa:sfac:on in a specified context of use."

Source: ISO 9241-‐11

Usability, a defini/on

Defini/on of Usability "The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effec1veness, efficiency, and

sa1sfac1on in a specified context of use."


Usability

Product, User, Goal, and Context of Use "The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to

achieve specified goals… …in a specified context of use."

Usability

Context of Use

Input

Output

USER Input

Output

PRODUCT

Source: Productergonomie, H. Dirken

I have Goals

Usability: the user

Context of Use

Input

Output Throughp

ut

Input

Output

Throughp

ut


User

PRODUCT

Input •  Sight, Hearing, Taste, Smell, Touch,

Balance & Accelera7on, Temperature

Output •  Motor skills, Speech

Throughput •  Decision (processing),

Memory (storing)

Input •  Keyboard/Keypad, Mouse, Joys7ck,

Microphone, Touch Screen Output

•  Monitor, Internal speak, Vibra7on

Usability: the product

Context of Use

Input

Output Throughp

ut

Input

Output

Throughp

ut


Product Throughput •  Decision (processing),

Memory (storing)

USER

Context of Use Context of Use •  Use environment (Environmental-‐,

Social-‐ Technological context •  E.g. Temperature, Noise, Pressure,

Ligh7ng Condi7ons, Other products (e.g. safety glasses, gloves), Social Context

Usability: context of use

Context of Use

Input

Output Throughp

ut

Input

Output

Throughp

ut


USER PRODUCT

Product, User, Goal, and Context of Use "The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to

achieve specified goals… …in a specified context of use."

Design decisions ?

Context of Use

Input

Output Throughp

ut

Input

Output

Throughp

ut Product

?


USER

Design decisions: the user

•  Required domain knowledge knowledge (what does the user need to know to accomplish their job?)

User • What goals does the user have? •  Vocabulary of the domain

•  How exis7ng products are used

•  Abili7es and impairments? • How do the goals of my so'ware relate to other goals of the user’s job? •  Experience level?

Context of Use •  What are characteris7cs of the context (e.g. heat, noise) •  Ar7facts in the context

Design decision: context of use

•  Context of how the product fits into their lives/workflow

Factory floor Public space Library Crowded office space

•  To make a more usable design, you need to know: › Who are your users ?

› What are their skills ? › What are their goals ?

›  In which context is your product used ?

•  The informa/on on user, context, goals will help you make realis/c design decisions

•  How to get this informa/on ?

› USABILITY RESEARCH & TESTING!

What does this all mean ?

Defini/on of Usability "The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to

achieve specified goals with effec1veness, efficiency, and sa1sfac1on in a specified context of use."


Usability

•  Effec/veness ›  Defini7on: Successful in producing an intended result

Usability: effec/veness

›  Measuring Effec7veness ›  Percentage of task completed

›  Ra7o of success to failure

›  Number of features or commands used

Source: hfp://www.usabilitymetrics.com/usability-‐metrics.html

Sports car Bicycle

•  Efficiency ›  Defini7on: Achieving maximum produc/vity with minimum wasted effort or expense

Usability: efficiency

›  Measuring Efficiency ›  Time to complete the task

›  Time to learn ›  Time spent on error

›  Percentage or number of errors


Sports car 1-‐Liter car

•  Sa/sfac/on ›  Defini7on: Fulfillment in one’s expecta/ons, needs, or pleasure derived from this

Usability: sa/sfac/on

›  Measuring Sa7sfac7on ›  Ra7ng scale for sa7sfac7on with func7ons and features

›  Ra7ng scale for usefulness of the product or service

›  Number of 7mes user expresses frustra7on or anger


•  Sa/sfac/on ›  Fulfillment in one’s expecta/ons, needs, or pleasure derived from this

Keep users happy by allowing for flow

Usability: sa/sfac/on Experience

•  Flow is the mental state of opera7on in which a person in an ac7vity is fully immersed in a feeling of energized focus, full involvement, and success in the process of the ac7vity

How to allow for flow ? (Some principles)

•  The user must have a clear goal •  Task should be doable/workable •  (Inter)ac7ons should have immediate feedback

In So:ware ? (Some principles)

•  Direct, don’t discuss •  Keep tools close at hand •  Provide modeless feedback

What is flow ? Experience

Sources: About Face 2.0, Cooper, Reiman, The Psychology of Op7mal Experience; Csikszentmihalyi

Flow ?

Allowing for flow search

Allowing for flow save

Allowing for flow save

Demo textedit

Allowing for flow

• Flow != Workflow › Flow links Workflows

› Flow allows uninterrupted Work › Think ahead for your user ???

Allowing for flow

•  Efficiency ›  Achieving maximum produc/vity with minimum wasted effort or expense

To make a product more efficient one can reduce TIME and WORK

Logical Work

Perceptual Work

Mnemonic Work

Physical/Motor Work

Usability: efficiency

“decoding visual layouts and seman7cs of shape, size, color, and representa7on”

“recall of passwords, command vectors, names and loca7ons of data objects and controls, and other rela7onships between objects”

“comprehension of text and organiza7onal structures”

“number of keystrokes, degree of mouse movement, use of gestures, switching between input modes…”

Source: About Face 2.0, Cooper, Reimann

Reducing perceptual work ?

•  (Some) Dimensions of visual coding

›  Posi7on

›  Color

›  Texture

›  Shape

›  Size


Reducing perceptual work ?

Proximity •  Elements that are close together tend to be

perceived as a group (belonging together)

Similarity •  Elements with similar proper/es (e.g. shape, color)

tend to be perceived as groups

Reducing perceptual work


Label Textfield

10 px

next Label

30 px

Label always at the beginning of a new line

1.

2.


I meant in an intelligent way :-)


YES ! this is the same as the one above J


•  mandatory •  static •  easy to

overlook


no longer mandatory


•  errormarker


ambiguous meaning of disabled


better ? what about the label ?

Defini/on of Usability "The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effec1veness, efficiency, and

sa1sfac1on in a specified context of use.”

Recap


Flow “Gestalt” Law

s

Mind this Do not interrupt this

The ques/on is ?

What is the context of use ?

Who are my users ?

What are their goals ?

How can I make their work more efficient ?

How can I make their work more sa/sfying ?

How can I make their work effec/ve ?

How do users experience YOUR so:ware ?

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good application e-con2012 new for publishing.pptx

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