goals and objectives of the major project information ... · goals of the major project: define and...
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� Goals and objectives of the major project
� Information about birds
� Reasons for decline
� Importance of monitoring
� Birds as indicators
� Data collection approach
� Database planning
� Database design
� Demonstration
Goals of the major project:
� Define and make operational a
species diversity indicator
� Use the indicator to evaluate and report
the ecological quality of agriculturally used
areas
(This project was executed under the aupices of the German
Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer
Protection)
Therefore it is necessary to:
� register, state and monitor changes relating
to breeding birds as indicators in
agricultural landscapes
� analyze causes of changes
� derive goal oriented agricultural and
environmental measures
The goals and objective of this research work
is in two parts:
� Use data collected from the major project to
develop a database
� Connect the database to other software such as
arcGIS or SPSS for further statistical and spatial
analysis
� General decline of 23 of the 64 commonest
German bird species in the last 15 years
(e.g House Sparrow, Common House Martin)
� Ground nesting birds such as Eurasion skylark
are threatened
� Forest birds have shown a slight recovery
(e.g. Great spooted Woodpecker due to
forest protection policies)
� Coastal breeding birds are particularly
threatened and have been placed under
protection
� Birds are policy indicators of the
sustainability of land use in Germany
� The government targets to stabilise all
species in the species diversity indicator list
and those selected to represent high value
habitats.
� Climate change
(e.g. increase number of Ducks wintering in
Germany due to harsher conditons in Eastern
Europe)
� Changes in land use
(esp. agricultural purposes)
� Deforestation
� Monitoring is a critical requirement in assessing
the environmental policy process and
effectiveness of various conservation measures
and is required under various international
treaties, including EU directives.
� Many patterns of land use and development are
affected by EU policies and it is important to
measure their sustainability across Europe,
including their impact on the accession countries
to the EU.
Why use birds as indicators for biodiversity:
� Their population trends reflect the average
behaviour of the constituent species
� Cast light on trends in attributes of other
taxa
� Act as a surrogate for ecosystem health
� Easy to detect, identify and census
� Sensitivity to environmental changes
� Links to drivers
� Clarity of message
� Affordability
� Easy to update
In order to be practical the data collection has
to meet the following requirements:
� Random sampling
� Ornithologic professionals
� Economical
To meet the requirements above:
� Stratification of Brandenburg was necessary
based on landscape structure classification
(Chorine code 2000)
� Observation areas of 1km x 1km were
selected at random in the different strata
� Ornithologists were assigned to observation
areas
� Observations were recorded for 2005 & 2006
Aggregated natural regions
4 (5) different strata
1
2
3
4
� Software: Microsoft Access 2007
� Selection of colours for the graphic user
interface
(green – grassland; brown - arable land)
� Selection of fonts Verdana
� Imput data into software
� Break down data into smaller tables
� Assign key indexes to tables and variable
types
� Create a relationship network between
tables
� Design a graphic user interface so that users
can manipulate data without viewing tables
The general project was supported by
the German Federal Ministry of Food,
Agriculture and Consumer Protection,
Agriculture, the Federal Office of Food
and Agriculture, and the Ministry for
Rural Development, Environment and
Consumer Protection of the Federal
State of Brandenburg.
Acknowledgement
This project work was done in
cooperation with the the ZALF (Centre
for Agricultural Landscape Research,
Institute for Landscape Systems
Analysis)
� Gerd LUTZE, Alfred SCHULTZ, Beatrix WUNTKE, Marion VOSS,
Joachim KIESEL/ Karl-Otto WENKEL:
Brutvogelausstattung der Agrarlandschaften Brandenburgs -
zwischen Artenreichtum und Artenarmut. Waldökologie,
Landschaftsforschung und Naturschutz, 9: 79-93
� Martin Flade, Christoph Grüneberg, Christoph Sudfeldt and
Johannes Wahl (2008)
Birds and Biodiversity in Germany -2010
� ) Arco J. VAN STRIEN, Jeroen PANNEKOEK, David W. GIBBONS:
Indexing European bird population trends using results of
national monitoring schemes: a trial of a new method, Bird
Study (2001) 48, 200–213
References