globalfiler casework kit validation, st. louis county police crime lab

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Globalfiler TM Casework Kit Validation Kyra Groeblinghoff DNA Technical Leader, Saint Louis County Police Crime Lab

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Page 1: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

ì  GlobalfilerTM  Casework  Kit  Validation  

Kyra  Groeblinghoff  DNA  Technical  Leader,  Saint  Louis  County  Police  Crime  Lab  

Page 2: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

St.  Louis  County  Police  Crime  Lab  ì  Serve  a  popula=on  of  ~1million  

ì  Two  other  labs  in  the  St.  Louis  area:  Saint  Charles  County  Sheriff’s  Office  and  St.  Louis  Metropolitan  Police  Dept.  –  we  are  not  part  of  the  MO  Highway  Patrol  lab  system  

ì  12  total  people  in  the  Bio/DNA  unit  -­‐  Currently  we  have  2.5  biologists  (one  new  hire),  1  technician,  5  full-­‐=me  DNA  analysts  (one  just  got  signed  off  this  week,  a  second  is  s=ll  in  training),  3  supervisory/DNA  analysts  (sec=on  supervisor,  TL,  and  CODIS  Administrator)      

ì  Biologists  perform  the  sampling  step  for  DNA  =  huge  ;me  savings  for  DNA  

ì  We  use  EZ1s  for  extrac=on  (Erase  on  EZ1s  for  differen=als)  and  3500s  for  CE.  310s  gone  as  of  last  year!!!  -­‐  We  average  ~  1000  cases  per  year  in  DNA    

ì  We  do  NOT  currently  have  a  LIMS!!  We  are  implemen=ng  the  new  Jus=ce-­‐Trax  LIMS  system  which  includes  a  DNA  module…  

Page 3: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Location  of  GlobalFiler  Loci  in  the  Genome  

D2S441    

DYS391,  Yindel,  Amel  

Amel  

D3S1358  

vWA  

D16S539  

CSF1PO  TPOX  

D8S1179  

D21S11  

D18S51  

D19S433  

TH01  

FGA  D5S818  

D13S317  

D7S820  

D2S1338  

Page 4: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Thermalcycling  and  3500  parameters  

ì  GF:  Run  Voltage  13kV  (data  collec=on  =me  of  25  minutes),  11kV  (collec=on  =me  35  minutes).  Injec=on  voltage  1.2kV,  injec;on  ;mes  included  10,  15,  and  20  seconds.    

ì  ID:  Run  Voltage  15kV  (data  collec=on  =me  20  minutes),  Injec=on  voltage  1.2kV,  injec;on  ;mes  included  10,  15,  and  20  seconds  

GlobalFilerTM  

Iden=filer®  

25uL  reac=on  volume,  up  to  15uL  sample  input  

25uL  reac=on  volume,  up  to  10uL  sample  input  

80  min!  

Page 5: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

        Injec=on  Time  Run  

Voltage  Peak  

Window  Size      

Study   10s   15s   20s  13  kV  

11  kV  

PWS  13  

PWS  11  

Also  used  Iden=filer  

Analy=cal  Threshold                                       Set  1   X   X   X   X       X               Set  2   X   X   X   X   X    X      Sensi=vity/Stochas=c                                       Set  1   X   X   X   X       X   X           Set  2   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X  Non-­‐Proba=ve                                  Trace,  Erase,  Blood,  Saliva,  Humic  Acid,  Hema=n,  

Degraded       X       X       X       X  Mixtures                                           Set  1   X   X   X   X       X   X   X       Set  2   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X  Stumer                                           Set  1   X   X   X   X       X          Reproducibility/Precision                                       Set  1       X       X       X               Set  2   X   X   X   X   X   X   X      Contamina=on                                  

       Same  parameters  as  corresponding  

samples      

Ø  Set  2  compared  13kV  run  voltage  to  11kV  run  voltage    

Study  Summary  

Page 6: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Analytical  Threshold  –  Set  1:  4  ANCs,  13kV  

2*(Max-­‐Min)   Blue   Green   Yellow   Red   Purple  

10  sec   42   72   34   44   50  15  sec   54   78   34   48   44  20  sec   40   82   36   42   40  

Avg+(10*std  dev)   Blue   Green   Yellow   Red   Purple  

10  sec   29   62   25   35   34  15  sec   29   63   28   35   33  20  sec   33   68   28   37   34  

Ø Analyzed  at  1RFU,  results  exported  to  excel.  Peaks  outside  allele  ranges  removed.  Used  two  equa=ons  for  AT.  

Ø Injec=on  =me  did  not  affect  baseline  noise  

Page 7: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Analytical  Threshold  –  Set  2:  4  ANCs  +  4  ENCs,  11kV  

CE#4  -­‐  11kV   Blue   Green   Yellow   Red   Purple  AT  =  2*(Max-­‐

Min)   40   72   40   44   76  

AVG+(10*std  dev)   38   45   26   39   42  

CE#5  -­‐  11kV   Blue   Green   Yellow   Red   Purple  AT  =  2*(Max-­‐

Min)   46   58   24   38   78  

AVG+(10*std  dev)   40   53   23   37   41  

Ø  Consistent  results  were  obtained  between  two  3500  instruments  Ø  Results  between  the  13kV  and  11kV  run  voltages  show  no  significant  

differences    

Page 8: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Highest  results  were  rounded  up  =  100  RFU  Analytical  Threshold  

Ø Results  from  AT  study  gave  a  100RFU  analy;cal  threshold  Ø Great  baseline  noise!  Ø Very  consistent  from  channel  to  channel  Ø No  apparent  LIZ  pull-­‐up    

Page 9: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Sensitivity  –  Set  1,  Control  007  

ì  Control  007  is  heterozygous  at  19/22  loci  

ì  1ng,  500pg,  250pg,  125pg,  62.5pg,  31.25pg,  15.625pg  

ì  4  replicates  of  each  concentra=on  

ì  Examined  10,  15,  and  20  sec.  inj.  

ì  Used  13kV  run  voltage  

ì  Analy=cal  threshold  of  100RFU  

Page 10: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Sensitivity  –  Set  2,  NIST  Sample  

ì  NIST  bloodstain  on  FTA  paper,  extracted  with  EZ1    

ì  Heterozygous  at  21/22  loci  

ì  1ng,  500pg,  250pg,  125pg,  62.5pg,  31.25pg,  15.625pg  

ì  3  replicates  of  each  concentra=on  with  GlobalFiler  and  Iden=filer  

ì  10,15,20  second  injec=on  =mes  used    

ì  Used  11kV  and  13kV  run  voltages    

ì  Run  on  two  3500  instruments  

ì  Analy=cal  threshold  of  100RFU  

Page 11: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Sensitivity  Study  ì  Examined  peak  height  ra=os  and  input  concentra=on  vs.  

heterozygous  peak  heights  

ì  GF  Input  concentra=on  vs.  peak  height  ra=os  for  Set  2  were  compared  to  Iden=filer  results  

ì  Compared  13kV  run  voltage  to  11kV  

ì  Examined  effects  of  increasing  the  injec=on  =me  using  10,  15,  and  20  second  injec=ons  (15  is  considered  the  default  injec=on  =me)  

ì  Used  results  to  determine  stochas=c  threshold    

Page 12: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

20%  

30%  

40%  

50%  

60%  

70%  

80%  

90%  

100%  

0   500   1000   1500   2000   2500   3000   3500   4000   4500   5000  

Peak  Height  R

a;o  pe

r  Locus  (%

)  

Average  Peak  Height  of  Locus  (RFU)  

Globalfiler  Peak  Height  Ra;o  vs.  Average  Peak  Height    of  Locus  (007,  10,15,  &  20  second  injec;ons  13kV)  

1ng  0.5ng  0.25ng  0.125ng  0.0625ng  0.03125ng  0.0156ng  

Set  1  

Page 13: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Set  1  results  ì  Peak  height  ra=o  (PHR)  varia=on  increases  as  the  concentra=on  (and  peak  

heights)  decrease.    

ì  Overall,  loci  with  average  peak  heights  of  2000RFU  and  above  had  PHR  above  60%.    

ì  Concentra=ons  of  500pg  and  1ng  correlated  with  average  peak  heights  of  ~2000RFU  and  above  for  heterozygous  loci.    

ì  The  250pg  concentra=ons  (peak  heights  from  1000-­‐2000RFU)  had  PHR  as  low  as  44%,  but  most  were  above  50%.    

ì  Full  profiles  were  obtained  from  125pg  and  above  

ì  Occasional  dropout  occurred  with  62.5pg  and  frequent  dropout  occurred  with  31.25pg  and  below  (corresponds  to  heterozygous  locus  peak  heights  of  ~100-­‐250RFU)  

ì  Increasing  the  injec;on  ;me  from  15  to  20  seconds  increased  signal  strength  (RFU  values)  by  22-­‐32%  

Page 14: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

20%  

30%  

40%  

50%  

60%  

70%  

80%  

90%  

100%  

0   500   1000   1500   2000   2500   3000   3500  

Peak  Height  R

a;o  pe

r  Locus  (%

)  

Average  Peak  Height  of  Locus  (RFU)  

Globalfiler  Peak  Height  Ra;os  vs.  Average  Peak  Height  of  Locus  (NIST,  15  second  injec;ons,  11kV,  CE#4)  

1ng,  11kV  

0.5ng,  11kV  

0.25ng,  11kV  

0.125ng,  11kV  

0.0625ng,  11kV  

Set  2,  GF  

Page 15: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

20%  

30%  

40%  

50%  

60%  

70%  

80%  

90%  

100%  

0   500   1000   1500   2000   2500   3000   3500   4000   4500  

Peak  Height  R

a;o  pe

r  Locus  (%

)  

Average  Peak  Height  of  Locus  (RFU)  

Iden;filer  Peak  Height  Ra;os  vs.  Average  Peak  Height  of  Locus  (NIST,  15  sec  injec;ons,  CE#4)  

1ng,  ID  

0.5ng,  ID  

0.25ng,  ID  

0.125ng,  ID  

0.0625ng,  ID  

Set  2,  ID  

Page 16: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Set  2  results  ì  It  should  be  noted  that  subsequent  quan=ta=ons  of  the  1ng  concentra=on  used  

to  make  the  dilu=on  series  was  actually  closer  to  500pg;  therefore  the  concentra=ons  from  set  2  are  es=mated  to  be  ~  half  as  concentrated  as  intended    

ì  Both  the  Iden=filer  and  GlobalfilerTM  kits  produced  similar  peak  heights  for  all  concentra=ons.    

ì  Both  kits  had  dropout  occurring  in  the  125pg  and  lower  concentra=ons.    

ì  GlobalFiler  PHR  results  show  all  loci  to  have  PHR  above  70%  when  heterozygous  peaks  at  the  locus  are  above  ~2000  RFU.    

ì  All  PHR  were  above  50%  when  peak  heights  were  above  1000  RFU  (both  kits).    

ì  Wide  varia=on  in  PHR  was  observed  when  peak  heights  were  less  than  1000  RFU  (both  kits)    

ì  No  significant  differences  were  noted  between  the  11kV  and  13kV  run  voltages  

Page 17: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Stochastic  Thresholds  ì  Used  the  following  formula  to  calculate  a  poten=al  ST  

ì  Examined  all  false  homozygotes  from  the  sensi=vity  studies  

ì  Compared  false  homozygote  peak  heights  from  the  10  and  15  second  injec=ons  to  the  20  second  injec=ons  

ì  Used  the  approximate  increase  in  signal  resul=ng  from  increasing  the  injec=on  =me  (sensi=vity  study)  to  adjust  the  ST  for  20  second  injec=ons  

Page 18: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Stochastic  Threshold  Calculation  Results  

Ø Results  suggest  a  300RFU  ST  if  rounded  up  to  the  nearest  mul=ple  of  50  

Ø How  does  this  compare  with  the  actual  false  homozygotes  observed?  

Page 19: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

100  

200  

300  

400  

500  

600  

700  

90   140   190   240   290   340   390   440  

Peak  Height  (RF

U)  o

f  False  Hom

ozygote  alleles  

Size  (bp)  of  false  homozygote  alleles  

Peak  heights  of  false  homozygotes  (N=91  alleles)  vs.  size  in  base  pairs  (Sensi;vity  Set  1:  10+15  sec  inj.)    

Blue  (14%)  

Green  (28%)  

Yellow  (14%)  

Red  (21%)  

Purple  (23%)  

Page 20: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

ST  for  20  second  injections  

ì  Results  from  the  Sensi=vity  study  showed  an  average  increase  in  peak  heights  of  26%  (ranged  from  22%-­‐32%)  when  the  injec=on  =me  was  increased  from  15  seconds  to  20  seconds.    

ì  If  a  stochas=c  threshold  of  400RFU  is  selected,  an  increase  of  up  to  32%  may  be  appropriate  for  use  with  samples  injected  at  20  seconds  resul=ng  in  a  528  RFU  threshold.    

Page 21: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

100  

150  

200  

250  

300  

350  

400  

450  

80   130   180   230   280   330   380  

Peak  Height  (RF

U)  

Size  in  Base  Pairs  

False  Homozygote  Peak  Heights  vs.  Size  in  Base  Pairs  Using  3  Injec;on  Times  (Sensi;vity  Set  2:  CE#4  -­‐  11kV,  N=208)  

11kV,  20  sec  (N=72)  

11kV,  15  sec  (N=71)  

11kV  10  sec  (N=65)  

Ø  Results  from  the  NIST  sensi=vity  (set  2)  samples  support  the  400  RFU  ST  for  10  and  15  second  injec=ons.    

Ø  A  duplicate  run  on  a  second  CE  showed  similar  results.  The  20  second  ST  was  rounded  up  to  the  nearest  mul=ple  of  50  resul=ng  in  a  550RFU  ST  for  the  increased  injec=on  =me  

Page 22: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

0  

500  

1000  

1500  

2000  

2500  

3000  

Average  Pe

ak  Heights  (R

FU)  

Average  of  triplicate  sensi;vity  set  2  samples  using  Iden;filer  and  Globalfiler  on  two  3500s  

Iden=filer  

Globalfiler  

Sensi=vity  Set  2,  ID+GF  

Ø  Both  the  Iden=filer  and  GlobalfilerTM  kits  produced  similar  peak  heights  for  all  concentra=ons.    

 Ø  Both  kits  had  dropout  occurring  in  the  

125pg  and  lower  concentra=ons    

Page 23: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Mixture  Study  

Ø Six  sources  (5  male  and  1  female)  were  combined  in  the  ra=os  noted  below  (F1=  Female  #1,  M1=  Male  #1,  M2=  Male  #2,  etc.)    

Ø  Several  mixtures  had  contributors  that  differed  by  only  1  base  pair  at  loci  D1  and  D12  

Ø  Resolu=on  issues  at  D1  and  D12  were  noted  in  some  mixtures  with  major/minor  contribu=ons  of  8:1  and  20:1  

Ø  Samples  highlighted  in  yellow  were  re-­‐amplified  and  run  using  11kV  and  13kV  run  voltages  to  determine  if  resolu=on  could  be  improved  

Page 24: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Example  mixture  with  resolution  issue  

Page 25: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Mixture  results  

Ø  When  mixture  propor=ons  are  less  disparate,  alleles  are  correctly  resolved  

Ø  The  1:1  and  4:1  mixtures  were  resolved  correctly  

Page 26: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Mixture  resolution  solution!  

ì  Changing  the  run  voltage  from  13kV  to  11kV  did  NOT  allow  these  alleles  to  be  recovered,  however…  

ì  Changing  the  Peak  Window  Size  in  GeneMapper  ID-­‐X  from  13  to  11  did  allow  several  alleles  to  be  recovered  from  mixture  samples  run  with  both  13kV  and  11kV  

ì  Sensi=vity,  precision  and  reproducibility  samples  reanalyzed  with  a  PWS  of  11  gave  concordant  results  with  those  analyzed  with  a  PWS  of  13  

ì  Decided  to  use  11kV  and  PWS  of  11  for  casework  

Page 27: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Overall  mixture  results  ì  A  clear  major  contributor  was  discernable  at  ra=os  of  4:1  and  greater.    

ì  The  DYS391  locus  had  mixture  ra=os  consistent  with  the  overall  mixture  propor=on  for  the  sample.    

ì  Dropout  in  the  2  contributor  samples  was  observed  at  ra=os  of  8:1  and  above.    

ì  The  minimum  number  of  contributors  is  best  predicted  using  the  SE33  locus*.    

ì  The  GlobalfilerTM  kit  yielded  the  correct  number  of  contributors  when  all  alleles  were  detected.    

ì  The  Iden=filer®  kit  had  the  correct  number  of  contributors  with  the  3  and  4  person  mixtures  but  indicated  only  4  contributors  in  the  5  contributor  mixture  (no  dropout).    

ì  When  dropout  occurred,  both  kits  underes=mated  the  number  of  contributors.    

Page 28: GlobalFiler Casework Kit Validation, St. Louis County Police Crime Lab

Overall  mixture  results  ì  All  4  and  5  contributor  mixtures  that  had  major/minor  propor=ons  

had  dropout  of  one  or  more  peaks  from  the  minor  contributor(s).    

ì  Samples  with  dropout  had  alleles  below  the  stochas=c  threshold  that  indicate  dropout  is  possible.    

ì  These  results  support  the  stochas=c  threshold  of  400  RFU  for  the  GlobalfilerTM  kit  (10  and  15  second  injec=ons).    

ì  Clear  single  major  contributors  were  correctly  discerned  when  the  major  contributor  was  approximately  4  =mes  higher  than  the  minor  contributors  (8:1:1,  12:1:1:1,  and  16:1:1:1:1).    

ì  Major  mixture  contribu=ons  could  be  deciphered  at  ra=os  of  8:8:1  and  8:8:1:1.    

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Known/Non-­‐Probative  

ì  Similar  results  were  obtained  from  the  ID  and  GF  kits  between  the  non-­‐proba=ve  samples  extracted  using  various  methods  (10uL  input  volume  used)    

ì  GF  allows  for  up  to  15ul  input  volume  as  compared  with  ID’s  10uL  maximum  input    

ì  Degraded  samples  were  similar  between  the  two  kits  at  the  shared  loci  when  10uL  input  was  used.  When  15uL  was  used  with  the  GF  kit,  it  increased  allele  recovery  by  27%  (at  the  shared  loci)  

ì  Control  DNA  007  samples  spiked  with  250µM  of  hema=n  or  150ng/µL  of  humic  acid  were  amplified  with  both  GlobalFilerTM  and  Iden=filer®.    

ì  Results  were  vastly  different  between  the  two  kits:  

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250µM  Hematin,  GF  vs  ID  

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150ng/µL  Humic  Acid,  GF  vs.  ID  

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Stutter  

ì  Stumer  ar=facts  including  minus  4/plus  4,  minus  3/plus  3  (D22),  and  minus  2  (SE33  and  D1)  from  the  20  second  injec=ons  were  examined.    

ì  Stumer  calculated  using:  Average  stumer  %  plus  3  standard  devia=ons  of  the  stumer  %  per  locus    

ì  The  calculated  stumer  ra=os  for  minus  4,  minus  3,  and  minus  2  ar=facts  were  then  compared  to  the  Applied  Biosystems’  stumer  ra=os  noted  in  the  kit’s  user  manual.    

ì  All  calculated  stumer  ra=os  were  below  the  Applied  Biosystems’  suggested  ra=os  with  the  excep=on  of  DYS391,  D7S820,  SE33  (minus  2),  and  D12S391.  The  internal  calculated  stumer  ra=os  were  less  than  1%  higher  than  ABI’s  stumer  thresholds.    

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Ø  Very  similar  results  were  obtained  between  the  ABI  and  SLCPD  stumer  data  

Ø Note  that  two  loci  have  minus  2  and  minus  4  stumer:  SE33  and  D1  

Minus-­‐Stutter  

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2012  Technical  Focus  article  from  ABI  ì  Indicates  that  changes  in  magnesium  concentra=ons  in  next  

genera=on  kits  causes  elevated  stumer  as  compared  with  Iden=filer  

ì  “While  the  Iden=filer®  Direct  and  Iden=filer®  Plus  kits  have  the  same  primer  binding  sequences  as  the  Iden=filer®  kit,  they  contain  a  higher  concentra=on  of  magnesium.  In  general,  higher  concentra;ons  of  magnesium  result  in  higher  stuler  percentages  thought  to  result  from  a  lowered  binding  stringency  allowing  more  efficient  extension  of  misaligned  DNA  strands  aner  strand  slippage  events.    

ì  “…due  to  the  higher  concentra=on  of  magnesium  used,  it  is  expected  that  all  our  next  genera=on  kits  are  expected  to  produce  slightly  higher  levels  of  stumer  than  older  kits  such  as  the  Iden=filer®  or  SGM  Plus®  kits.”  

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Ø  Similar  results  between  the  ABI  and  SLCPD  data  with  the  excep=on  of  loci  D2S441,  FGA,  and  D13S317.    

Ø  These  loci  were  ~  4%-­‐9%  higher  for  the  ABI  data  (24,  24,  and  28  observa=ons)  than  the  SLCPD  data  (7,  2,  and  7  observa=ons).  

Ø  Two  instances  of  minus  8  stumer  noted  (D21S11:  0.9%,  and  D1S1656:  1.1%)      

Plus-­‐Stutter  

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Elevated  stutter  ì  Two  instances  of  

elevated  stumer  were  noted  in  the  Set  1  sensi=vity  samples  

ì  One  replicate  of  the  62.5pg  and  125pg  concentra=ons  showed  36%  and  24%  stumer  at  FGA  

ì  FGA  stumer  filter  =  11.55%  

ì  Elevated  stumer  was  not  seen  in  any  other  samples  in  the  valida=on  

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Boring  stuff…  I  mean  Reproducibility/Precision  

ì  Set  1:  Four  allelic  ladders,  three  allelic  ladders,  and  twelve  allelic  ladders  were  run  on  three  consecu=ve  days  respec=vely.    

ì  The  day  1  and  2  ladders  were  injected  with  15  second  injec=on  =mes.  Day  3  ladders  were  injected  with  10,  15,  and  20  second  injec=on  =mes.    

ì  These  three  runs  were  compared  for  run  to  run  varia=on  (Reproducibility).  Day  3  was  used  for  within  run  varia=on  (Precision).    

ì  Set  2:  Day  1,  ten  ladders  were  injected  at  all  three  injec=ons  =mes  using  the  11kV  run  voltage  on  two  3500s.  Day  2  contained  eight  ladders  injected  at  all  three  injec=on  =mes  on  two  3500s.  Day  3,  contained  eight  ladders  injected  at  all  three  injec=on  =mes  on  CE#4.    

ì  Reproducibility  and  precision  were  examined  for  both  instruments  to  determine  if  the  11kV  run  voltage  impacted  resolu=on  within  the  run  and  between  runs.        

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Reproducibility  and  Precision  ì  Sizing  data  for  allele  calls  was  exported  to  excel  and  was  examined  for  

the  following  informa=on:  average  size  (bp),  standard  devia=on  of  size,  maximum  size,  minimum  size,  and  size  range.    

ì  Ideally,  all  standard  devia=ons  should  be  less  than  0.15  base  pairs  and  all  alleles  should  be  within  the  ±0.5  base  pair  window.  

ì   Set  1:  All  standard  devia=ons  were  below  0.15  base  pairs  and  all  alleles  were  within  the  ±0.5  base  pair  window  (day  1  and  2)  indica=ng  that  run  to  run  reproducibility  and  precision  are  acceptable.  One  15  second  injec=on  on  day  3  resulted  in  the  largest  difference  in  base  pair  size  from  the  four  allelic  ladders  for  an  allele  of  0.43  base  pairs  (DYS391  locus)  and  the  largest  standard  devia=on  of  base  pair  size  for  an  allele  of  0.157  bp  (TPOX  locus).  The  10  and  20  sec.  inj.  were  ok.  

ì  Set  2:    All  standard  devia=ons  fell  below  0.15bp  and  all  alleles  fell  within  the  ±0.5bp  sizing  window.    

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Contamination  

ì  Checkerboard  study  with  nega=ve  controls  and  ladders  alterna=ng  to  check  for  carryover  

ì  All  runs  had  appropriate  extrac=on  nega=ve  and  amp  nega=ve  controls  

ì  No  contamina=on  detected  regardless  of  injec=on  =me,  run  voltage,  PWS,  or  CE  used  

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GF  Casework  kit  Summary  ì  Although  the  11kV  run  voltage  did  not  appear  to  improve  resolu=on,  it  

did  not  nega=vely  impact  data.  Results  from  the  manufacturer  show  a  slight  increase  in  resolu=on.  Therefore,  we  chose  to  use  11kV.    

ì  Resolu=on  in  the  mixture  samples  improved  with  the  PWS  of  11  and  did  not  create  any  addi=onal  ar=facts  such  as  –A,  shouldering,  or  split  peaks.  A  peak  window  size  of  11  will  be  used  in  casework  analysis  to  improve  resolu=on.    

ì  The  addi=onal  loci  in  the  GlobalfilerTM  kit  will  greatly  improve  the  discrimina=on  power  of  forensic  analysis.    

ì  In  summary,  the  GlobalfilerTM  kit  provided  reliable  and  reproducible  data  comparable  to  the  Iden=filer®  kit  and  is  suitable  for  use  on  casework  

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Casework  experience  thus  far  ì  Addi=onal  sensi=vity  study  done  with  1,2,  and  3ng  target  just  before  

implementa=on  –  decided  on  3ng  target  (target  of  2ng/ul  with  Plexor  HY  quant)  

ì  This  higher  target  is  possible  due  to  the  3500  and  the  kit  chemistry  –  modified  injec=on  =mes  allow  for  the  occasional  blown-­‐out  sample  to  work    

ì  With  Iden=filer,  we  would  frequently  get  mixtures  with  a  minimum  of  3+  contributors,  now  with  GF  it’s  4+  and  5+    

ì  *SE33  has  been  somewhat  disappoin=ng  –  D19  is  the  locus  where  we  usually  get  the  minimum  #  of  contributors  (based  on  allele  count)  

ì  Several  cases  originally  processed  with  Iden=filer  have  already  benefited  from  re-­‐amping  with  GF  –  higher  input  volume  allows  borderline  samples  to  be  interpretable.        

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GlobalFilerTM  Express  Validation  Summary  

ì  Op=mized  protocol  used  2  punches  in  20uL  Prep’n’go  buffer    (1.2mm  Harris  micropunch)  for  FTA  paper,  and  ~1/2  swab  for  Whatman  buccal  swabs  and  q-­‐=p  style  oral  swabs  in  200uL  PNG.  Combined  nega=ve  control  is  200uL  PNG  buffer    

ì  Sampled  into  individual  tubes,  not  plate!  

ì  Incubate  for  20  minutes  at  37⁰C  (tested  Room  Temp,  37⁰C  and  56⁰C)  

ì  3uL  of  sample,  6uL  each  of  primer  mix  and  reac=on  mix  (15uL  total  amp  volume),  27  cycles,  injec=on  =mes  of  10,15,  20  seconds  -­‐>  40  minute  Amp!!  

ì  Analy=cal  threshold  =  80RFU,  Stochas=c  threshold  =  300RFU  

ì  100%  of  the  blood  on  FTA  paper  yielded  full  profiles  when  the  op=mized  parameters  were  used  

ì  ~67%  of  the  buccal/oral  swabs  yielded  full  profiles  à  looking  into  changing  our  collec=on  method  to  saliva  on  FTA  cards  to  reduce  re-­‐run  rates  

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GF  Express  casework  experience  

ì  Best  results  when  we  perform  CE  setup  immediately  a}er  amplifica=on.  The  longer  the  amp  product  sits  in  the  fridge,  the  more  ar=facts  develop  resul=ng  in  very  noisy  baseline  

ì  Opposite  of  what  we  saw  in  the  valida=on,  “failing”  samples  are  more  o}en  blown-­‐out  than  dropping  out  

ì  Soon  we  will  implement  a  5  second  injec=on  =me  to  compensate  for  high  level  samples  (currently  have  10,15,  and  20  seconds)  

ì  Analysis  using  the  stochas=c  threshold  (rather  than  AT)  to  get  rid  of  excess  ar=facts  

ì  Last  plate  run  had  100%  success  rate  (30/30)!!  

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Acknowledgements  

ì  Shanna  Saunders  –  TAP  intern  from  Marshall  University  who  completed  the  Express  valida=on  and  did  a  large  amount  of  work  on  the  GlobalFilerTM  Casework  kit  

ì  April  Troyer  and  Philip  Czar  for  CTS  tes=ng  assistance  and  supplies  

ì  Thanks  to  Dennis  and  AFDAA  for  allowing  me  to  present!