School of Architecture, Building & Design

Bachelor of Quantity Surveying (Hons)

Semester 3 2015

MGT60303

FACILITY MANAGEMENT

GLASS LIFT INSTALLATIONS GROUP ASSIGNMENT 2

Group members: 1. Parvesh Ferag 0320760 2. Thun Shao Xun 0315919 3. Harvey Yap Zhu Guang 0309325

Lecturer: Sr. Andrew CheongSubmission Date: 2nd December 2015

1. Introduction

1.1 Introduction of Elevator

Elevator is a vertical transportation where a person can reach a top of the building

in a shorter time. Besides that, it also reduce the burden of the people to travel by stair

In the old days, elevator depend on the manual car switch to the respective floor

destination. Slowly the technology is improve till today the lift is still improving to

provide better service for the people. Now most of the elevator are using digital to run

the system to provide more accurate and more safety result.

In this assignment is a case study where we need to conduct our research on glass

elevator. We have chosen One City as our case study of glass lift which located at USJ

Subang Jaya.

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CASE STUDY ON GLASS ELEVATOR FACILITIES LOCATED IN ONE CITY AT USJ25

One City is one of the unique building where there are glass on the top of the floor which is Glass Bridge and also comprises of 12 glass elevator. The main purpose we go to this one city complex is to do research on their glass lift which cover over part of our case study.

The glass elevator is manage by the facilities management of one city. The glass elevator is fast and provide good service.

1. Location

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The glass lift is located at the end of the both side which is shown by the picture above. Normally elevator have a control room but surprisingly the elevator system is computerize and embedded inside the car lift.

2. Elevation and Layout

3. Layout diagram

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4. System Layout

The elevator layout and show how the system work and flow throughout the process

5. Components

6.1. Glass Lift

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This glass lift have 2 group of 6 cars. Each car travel 15 floor. 3 floor basement, 3

floor shop, 1 floor cinema and fitness, 7 floor office and 1 floor skypark. The bell with yellow colour painted is used when it is under emergency condition where the lift fail to function. Open and close button that is located beside the bell button.

6.2 Overload and car position indicator

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Overload and car position indicator:

This indicator is to indicate the position of the car and also to track the weight of the person in the lift to make sure that the lift did not overweight.

6.3 CCTV

To ensure that the condition of the lift working well and also to protect citizen

safety 6.4 False Ceiling

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Where light is hidden behind the false ceiling. Besides that it also act as a

ventilation inside the elevator. 6.5 infrared sensor

Infrared sensor is a safety sensor that embedded between the elevator doors. The

function of the sensor is to detect person or an object to prevent it close. Example, if a person walk pass the sensor the door will stay open until there is no

people walk by the door will close. The door sensors will not work on the fire service mode, hence the fireman's elevator still need mechanical safety edges when the sensor not working.

6.6 Elevator Door

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This elevator door is a two speed centre opening door which consist of 4 power

operated panel. The method of the door operation for elevator doors are normally opened by a power unit that is located on top of the elevator car.

When an elevator car is level with a floor landing, the power unit moves the car

door open or closed. A pick-up arm (clutch, vane, bayonet, or cam) contacts rollers on the hoistway door which releases the door latch on the hoistway door.

The power unit opens the car door which in turn opens the hoistway door. The

door rollers and pick-up arm may be different on various elevators but they all work on the same principle. The function of the elevator door is to open and close the door. When the door is opening, which allow passenger to enter inside and close while travel to the respective destination. 6.7 Buffer

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A buffer is a device designed to stop a descending car or counterweight beyond its

normal limit or to decrease the force exerted when the elevator runs into the pit during an emergency.

The two principal types of buffers: • Energy accumulation: It accumulate the kinetic energy of the car or

counterweight • Energy dissipation: It dissipate the kinetic energy of the car or counterweight

Buffer normally located in the centre of gravity car and counterweight. The buffer that used in this lift were oil buffer.

It is commonly found on traction elevators having speeds higher than 200 feet per

minute. This type of buffer uses a combination of oil and springs to cushion a descending car or counterweight and are mainly located in the elevator pit. And because of that the pit buffers have a tendency to be exposed to water and flooding. Therefore, routine cleaning and painting are required to maintain their performance specifications

6.8 Guide Rail

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Guard rail can be found on lift and counterweight. This is to ensure that the lift

and the counterweight flow in vertical direction. Besides that, guide rail is made out of steel to make sure that it last longer compare to other material. The machined channel and ‘T’ section secured to car and wall respectively

6.9 Car Sling

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Picture: cross head or upper transom Car Sling is load carrier element. The car sling is made up of steel frame of

welded or bolted construction which provide a cradle (supporter) in which the car can sit. The steel frame have the sufficient strength to withstand stress applied to it when car is accelerated. The main component of the car sling are upper transom, middle transom and side frame.

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The upper transom is the suspension element of the car it can be (1-1) type or (21) using a couple of polyamide pulleys 360 mm diameter, it is designed also to mount sliding or roller guide shoes. Braking system catch clamps are mounted also in the upper transom.

Lower transom is the carrier of car flooring through an exactly arranged pressure springs mounted in the lower isolation subassembly. Safety gear catch clamps are also mounted in the lower transom and their actuation action is done by a shearing linkage system.

The adjustable height side frame is two pieces bolted together and fastened to both upper and lower transom. 6.10 Door Operator

Door operator is a mechanism that open and close the door safely. It is mounted

on top of car to drive the car door. To open the doors, operator must accelerate the door from 0 to full speed and back to 0 in a smooth and quiet manner.

Faster speed will cost higher compare to lower speed. Besides that, centre

opening doors will have shorter opening and also shorter closing times compare to sides opening doors. Therefore, opening and closing times duration will affect the lift efficiency and cycle time. Saving 1 second of door operation will have 5% better traffic handling capability.

5.11 Counterweight

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A tracked weight that is suspended from cables and moves within its own set of guide rails along the hoistway walls.

Counterweight is function as a means to:

• Balance the mass of the car and a portion of rated load, so it will be equal to dead weight of the car plus about 40% of the rated load.

• Reduce the necessary consumed power used for moving the elevator

Counterweight components The counterweight is comprises of steel frames that are filled with cast iron fillers

above one another and the following parts can be found:

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A) Top part assembly • Consists of main bent sheet metal, 4mm and hitch plate, 8mm thickness for

ropes attachment drilled with holes pattern according to ropes size and quantity.

B) Bottom part assembly

• Consists of two halves made of steel, 4mm which are screwed using vertical profile with buffer plate welded to one of its halves. The buffer plate made of sheet metal, 8 mm thickness is aid in buffering the buffer loads.

C) Vertical profile

• Consists of U-shaped and bend sheet metal components. The vertical profiles are screwed to the upper and bottom parts.

D) Filler weights • Made of cast iron • The standard lengths of the fillers depend on the counterweight size and

gauge

E) Guide Shoes: • The counterweight has a separate guide rails which will keep counterweight

running without twisting and avoid colliding with car or other lift components.

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• The counterweight equipped with sliding guides to ensure smooth running along the travel height Variable gauges between counterweight rails are possible.

F) Sheave • The rope is looped around the sheave. A sheave is just a pulley with a grooves

around the circumference. The sheave grips the hoist ropes, so when you rotate the sheave, the ropes move too.

• The sheave is connected to an electric motor. When the motor turns one way, the sheave raises the elevator; when the motor turns the other way, the sheave lowers the elevator. In gearless elevators, the motor rotates the sheaves directly. In geared elevators, the motor turns a gear train that rotates the sheave

6.12 Cable rope

One of the most popular elevator design is the roped elevator. In a roped elevator,

the car is raised and lowered by traction steel ropes instead of pushing it from below. The ropes are attached to the elevator car, looped around the sheave. A sheave contains a pulley with grooves around the circumference. The sheave grips upon the hoist ropes, so when the sheave rotates, the ropes move too.

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6.13 Over speed governor

The function of the over speed governor is to stop and hold the rope when the car

exceeding of 40% of the rated speed.

6.14 Sheave

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The grooved wheel spins inside the frame of the sheave. This allows the wire or

rope to move freely minimizing wear and abrasion on cable. Sheaves can be used to

redirect a cable or rope, lift loads, and transmit power.

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References Door sensors. (n.d.). Retrieved November 20, 2015, from http://elevation.wikia.com/wiki/Door_sensors (n.d.). Retrieved November 20, 2015, from http://www.electrical-knowhow.com/2012/04/basic-elevator-components-partone.html

Elevator Safety System. (n.d.). Retrieved November 20, 2015, from http://www.electrical-knowhow.com/2012/04/elevator-safety-system.html Harris, T. (n.d.). Retrieved November 20, 2015, from http://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/engines-equipment/elevator3.htm

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