giáo án bài h cl
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KIM TRA BI CCu 1:Vit phng trnh ( nu c ) khi cho Cl2 tc dng ln lt Na, S, O2, H2, NaOH, Cu(OH)2, NaF, NaBr, Cu.Cu 2:Vit phng trnh ( nu c ) khi cho Cl2 tc dng ln lt K, Br2, C, H2, KOH, Al(OH)3, Na2S, H2O, Al, HF.
Bi 23Hiro Clorua Axit ClohiricMui CloruaSVTH: L Th Cm NguynGVHD: Ths. Thi Ha Minh
Hiro cloruaAxit clohiricng dng ca mui clorua iu ch HCl Nhn bit ion clorua
CTPTI. HIRO CLORUAH
Cl
H - Cl
Lin kt cng ha trNhm INhm VII3,162,20
0,96 m inPhn cc
1. Quan st bnh ng HCl. Nhn xt mu sc v trng thi ca HCl.
2. Quan st hin tng xy ra khi nhng bnh kh HCl vo nc. - Ti sao nc li phun vo bnh ?- Ti sao nc trong bnh khng mu ?- Rt ra nhn xt tnh tan ca kh HCl.
I. HIRO CLORUATCVL:- HCl l cht kh khng mu, mi xc, nng hn khng kh. - Kh HCl tan nhiu trong nc Dung dch HCl
Hiro cloruaAxit clohiric
II. AXIT CLOHIRIC- Dung dch axit clohiric l cht lng khng mu, mi sc, tan nhiu trong nc.- Dung dch HCl m c bc khi trong khng kh m.
TCVL:
ClH+ 1- 1
II. AXIT CLOHIRICTCHHA. Tnh axit mnha) Tc dng vi cht ch th
Dung dch HCl
b) Tc dng vi oxit bazMui clorua + H2O
A. Tnh axit mnhc) Tc dng vi bazMui + H2O
d) Tc dng vi muiMui clorua + Axit mi
iu kin:- Mui clorua t tanhn mui c.- Axit mi: Yu hn hoc d bay hi
e) Tc dng vi kim loiMui clorua + H2
Cu, Au, Ag, Hg, Pt+ HCl
A. Tnh axit mnhCl2H2
2M +nn l ha tr thp nht ca kim loi M0- 1+20Axit clohiric c tnh oxi ha+
B. Tnh kh
-10+1+3+5+7
HCl
MnO2 + HClMnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O 24+40- 1+ 2KMnO4 + HCl MnCl2 + KCl + Cl2 + H2O 2285216- 10+ 2+ 7HCl th hin khi tc dng vi cc cht oxi mnh tnh kh
ClHTnh AxitTnh KhTnh oxi ha
3. iu ch Axit Clohiric Trong phng th nghimNaCl + H2SO4 c
2NaCl + H2SO4 c Thu kh HCl ri hp th vo nc thu c dung dch axit clohiric
Phng php sunfat
( Natri hirosunfat )
3. iu ch Axit Clohiric Trong phng cng nghip
- Phng php sunfat- Phng php tng hpH2 + Cl2
2HCl - Clo ha cc hp cht hu c
Kh HCl t di lnDung dch axit HClKh HCl dng s Vi phun nc
III. NHN BIT ION CLORUAAgNO3 + HClHNO3
AgNO3 + NaCl
Nguyn tc:Dng thuc th l AgNO3 nhn bit ion Clorua c trong dung dch xut hin kt ta mu trng++NaNO3
IV. NG DNG CA MUI CLORUA
KCl
ZnCl2
BaCl2AlCl3Cht xc tc trong tng hp hu c
NaCl
Cm n qu thy c v cc em hc sinh theo di
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