GENDER SENSITIVE INDICATORS IN EDUCATIONRezart XheloPolicy Specialist – GRB & Statistics, UN Women Albania

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UN Women mandate to mainstream gender in all field;

Sex-disaggregated data are important for evidence based policy making;

Statistics needed to monitor gender equality commitments of the GoA;

CEDAW Article 10 – women & men have equal opportunities to education and training.

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Source: LSMS 2002, 2005 & 2008

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Ensure universal enrollment by 2015 (100%)

- Progress from 2002 to 2005;

-Drastic decrease in 2008, perhaps due to: various dimensions of pre-school quality, cost of private institutions, innigration, etc.

Source: INSTAT, 2011

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2015 target 100%

- The decreasing trend , especially for girls requires further investigation!

- Are boys more likely than girls to be repeaters at the primary level???

Source: WB data-base, 2012

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2015 target 100%

- Net enrolment decreased by 19% for boys and 16.3% for girls;

- There’s a reverse trend slightly lower for boys since 2008.

- Are schools gender-sensitive environments?

Source: WB data-base, 2012

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2015 target 100%

-there’s a gender gap increase;

-- twice as many illiterates among the poor as the non-poor;

-- twice as many illiterate women as illiterate men;

-- 4% illiterate people in urban vs. 6% illiterate in rural areas;

Women find employment predominantly in jobs requiring either very low or very high levels of education.

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Source: INSTAT, 2011

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2015 target 100%

Gender differences are evident at pre-school, mandatory & high school level.

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- There’s a tendency of boys to leaving education after the mandatory one.

There’s no differences between rural and urban.

Source: INSTAT, 2011

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- Vocational education not really attractive for girls;

- The majority of courses offered are so-called “male professions”

- Few girls attend vocational courses in rural settings.

In all types of education: marked sex segregation of courses and disciplines along traditional gender roles and stereotypes.

Women make up roughly 70% of academic staff

But, less than 30% of women are directors at edu institutions.

University programs have become more and more gender sensitive.

Gender and education12

After mandatory education, boys are 10% more likely to proceed with high-school education;However, at the end of high school, a significantly higher number of girls than boys obtain a secondary school diploma;Roughly 2/3 of all full-time university students in Albania are female;Access to education is not yet fully ensured for minority groups;Supporting studies, are required in the areas of net enrolment, literacy, and school drop-out. The gender stereotyped character of vocational education needs to be addressed. (VET Strategy)

Gender and education13

Harmonized indicators on GE & the status of women in Albania;

National Rep on the Status of Women & GE

Gender Wage Gap report

Gender sensitive revision of textbooks;

Raising gender awareness of teachers;

5-year official statistical programme.

Harmonized indicators on GE & the status of women in Albania;

National Rep on the Status of Women & GE

Gender Wage Gap report

Gender sensitive revision of textbooks;

Raising gender awareness of teachers;

5-year official statistical programme.

Joint program on Statistics; Monitoring and reporting; Specific analysis and

interpretation of Annual Statistical Yearbook;

Refine data according to ethnicity, disability & spatial residence;

Run special support programmes for the establishment of non-traditional occupational profiles for both girls and boys.

Joint program on Statistics; Monitoring and reporting; Specific analysis and

interpretation of Annual Statistical Yearbook;

Refine data according to ethnicity, disability & spatial residence;

Run special support programmes for the establishment of non-traditional occupational profiles for both girls and boys.

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So far… Forward …

Thank you15