foundations of business intelligence: databases and ... · data redundancy and inconsistency
TRANSCRIPT
TOPIC 1: Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases and Information Management
1. How to Organizing Data in a Traditional File
Environment 2. The Database Approach to Data Management 3. Using Databases to Improve Business Performance
and Decision Making 4. Managing Data Resources
Goal #1: How to Organize Data in a Traditional File Environment
Adopted from: Laudon, K. C. & Laudon, J.P. (2014). Management information systems: Managing the digital firm (13th Ed). N.J.: Pearson.
An Entity in a Database
First Name
Last Name
Street
City
State
Zip
Telephone
John Jones 111 Main Anytown Ohio 22334 555-123-666
Problems with the Traditional File Environment
Data Redundancy and Inconsistency Program-Data Dependence Lack of Flexibility Poor Security Lack of Data Share and Availability
Problems with the Traditional File Environment
Data Redundancy and Inconsistency Program-Data Dependence Lack of Flexibility Poor Security Lack of Data Share and Availability
Problems with the Traditional File Environment
Data Redundancy and Inconsistency Program-Data Dependence Lack of Flexibility Poor Security Lack of Data Share and Availability
Problems with the Traditional File Environment
Data Redundancy and Inconsistency Program-Data Dependence Lack of Flexibility Poor Security Lack of Data Share and Availability
Problems with the Traditional File Environment
Data Redundancy and Inconsistency Program-Data Dependence Lack of Flexibility Poor Security Lack of Data Share and Availability
Problems with the Traditional File Environment
Data Redundancy and Inconsistency Program-Data Dependence Lack of Flexibility Poor Security Lack of Data Share and Availability
SUMMARY: Many problems such as data redundancy, program-
data dependence, inflexibility, poor data security, and inability to share data among applications have occurred with traditional file environments. Managers and workers must know and understand how databases are constructed so they know how to use the information resource to their advantage. Upper management must assign one department and/or point person to maintain, coordinate and manage a truly centralized database.
Relational Database Table
Customer Table Order Table Field Name Description Field Name Description Customer Name Self-Explanatory Order Number Primary Key Customer Address Self-Explanatory Order Item Self-Explanatory Customer ID Primary Key Number of Items Ordered Self-Explanatory Order Number Foreign Key Customer ID Foreign Key
Wrong way:
Name Address Telephone number John L. Jones 111 Main St. Anywhere,
OH 22334 555-123-6666
First Name
Middle Initial
Last Name
Street City State
Zip Telephone
John L. Jones 111 Main St.
Anywhere
OH 22334 555-123-6666
Right way:
Relational Database Tables
Operations of a Relational DBMS: Three basic operations are used to develop
relational databases: Select: Create a subset of records meeting the
stated criteria. Join: Combine related tables to provide more
information than individual tables. Project: Create a new table from subsets of
previous tables. Note on Cloud Computing
Capabilities of Database Management Systems
Data definition Data dictionary Querying and Reporting using Data
manipulation language
Capabilities of Database Management Systems
Data definition Data dictionary Querying and Reporting using Data
manipulation language
Capabilities of Database Management Systems
Data definition Data dictionary Querying and Reporting using Data
manipulation language
Designing Databases and Normalization
Your goals for creating a good data model are: ○ Including all entities and the relationships
among them ○ Organizing data to minimize redundancy ○ Maximizing data accuracy ○ Making data easily accessible
SUMMARY: Relational databases solve many of the problems
inherent with traditional file environments. Database Management Systems have three critical components: the data definition, the data dictionary, and the data manipulation language. Managers should make sure that end users are fully involved in properly designing organizational databases using normalization and entity-relationship diagrams
GOAL #3: Using Databases to Improve Business Performance and Decision Making Data Warehouses
Data Marts Business Intelligence Multidimensional Data Analysis Data Mining Databases and the Web
Data Warehouses
Adopted from: Laudon, K. C. & Laudon, J.P. (2014). Management information systems: Managing the digital firm (13th Ed). N.J.: Pearson.
Component of a database warehouse
Data Marts Business Intelligence
Adopted from: Laudon, K. C. & Laudon, J.P. (2014). Management information systems: Managing the digital firm (13th Ed). N.J.: Pearson.
Component of a database warehouse
Data Marts Business Intelligence Data mining
Associations: determine occurrences linked to a single event
Sequences: determine events that are linked over time Classification: discover characteristics of customers and
make predictions about their behavior Clustering: discover groups within data Forecasting: use existing values to forecast what other
values will be
Databases and the Web
Adopted from: Laudon, K. C. & Laudon, J.P. (2014). Management information systems: Managing the digital firm (13th Ed). N.J.: Pearson.
Goal #4: Managing Data Resources
Establishing an Information Policy Data governance Ensuring Data Quality
Goal #4: Managing Data Resources
Establishing an Information Policy Data governance Ensuring Data Quality
Goal #4: Managing Data Resources
Establishing an Information Policy Data governance Ensuring Data Quality
Goal #4: Managing Data Resources
Establishing an Information Policy Data governance Ensuring Data Quality