LEVEL: 4nd ESO

PHYSICAL EDUCATION GAME SHOW

PHYSICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

AL-LAWRA, LORA DEL RÍO

ACADEMIC YEAR 2016/2017

FOOTBALL/ BASEBALL/

RUGBY TAG/

ALTERNATIVE SPORTS

— SECOND TERM —

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UNIT 1: WARM-UP

Remember that warm up is divided in 2 phases:

1- GENERAL WARM-UP (it´s done for general activities. Remember: MAS)

2.- SPECIFIC WARM-UP (some specific exercises are added at the end of the general warm-up).

In the General Warm-up you can find:

1.JOINT MOVEMENT. The main joints are mobilized: neck, shoulders, elbows, wrists, upperbody,

hips, knees and ankles. Some examples are:

2. ACTIVATION, DYNAMIC STAGE OR START-UP: the idea is to do a few

exercises walking and running on the space. Some examples are: 1) to walk on tip-toes; 2) to walk on

your heels; 3) to walk on the outside of your feet; 4) to walk on the inside of your feet; 5) slow run; 6)

forwards skipping; 7) backwards skipping; 8) side running while you cross your arms; 9) to run in a

zig-zag; 10) to run and touch the ground; 11) to run and jump; 12) to run backwards; 13) progressive

speed;…

JOINTS EXERCISES

NECK 1. Lateral flexion and extensión

2. Rotation

3. Circunduction

SHOULDERS 4. Forwards and backwards rotations

5. To open and close arms

ELBOWS 6. Flexion and extension

WRISTS 7. Rotation

UPPERBODY 8. Rotation

9. Circunduction

HIPS 10. Rotation

KNEES 11. Flexion and extensión

12. Lateral flexion and extensión

13. Rotation

14. To walk on the spot

ANKLES 15. Rotation

16. Flexion and extensión (ball and heel)

17. Lateral flexion and extensión (inside and

outside)

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3. STRETCHING: the main muscles of the body are stretched. Remember to respect these 4 rules:

Some examples of stretching exercises are:

MORE IN…

www.estiramientos.es

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STRETCHING OF... BODY ZONE

1. Sternocleidomastoid muscle Neck

2. Deltoids Shoulder

3. Triceps Arm

4. Pectoral Chest

5. Rectus abdominis Abdomen

6. Latissimus dorsi Lateral upperbody

7. Gluteus “Bottom”

8. Quadriceps Front thigh

9. Hamstrings Back thigh

10. Adductor Inside thigh

11. Gastrocnemius Leg (below back zone)

12. Soleus Leg (below back zone)

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And in the SPECIFIC STAGE: after the general warm-up the objective is to make some specific exer-

cises related to the sport to practise afterwards.

Examples:

And finally, in order to make an ideal warm-up, you should avoid these MISTAKES:

To make a very short time or a very long time warm-up.

Don´t respect the 4 rules stretching.

Don’t follow a specific order in the joint movements.

To wait more than 15 minutes between the warm-up and the physical activity to practise after this

one.

To make a warm-up of very low or very high intensity.

Etc.

BASKETBALL To bounce the ball, to shoot the ball towards the

hoop, to play 1 against 1,...

VOLLEYBALL

To do finger passes, to forearm passes, to practise

the serving, to practise the spike onto the Wall, to

play “1X2”,...

BADMINTON To practise the serving, to play 1 against 1, to prac-

tise the spike, ...

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UNIT 2: FOOTBALL

Football (Soccer) Rules

Football (Soccer) is one of the oldest sports in the world and with

that; it’s also one of the most recognised. The pinnacle of the in-

ternational game comes in the form the Football World Cup. The-

re are also tournament such as the Euro Championships, Copa

America and the African Cup of Nations. Domestically the stron-

gest leagues come from England (English Premier League),

Spain (La Liga), Italy (Serie A) and Germany (Bundesliga). In parts of the world the sport is also

known as Soccer.

Object of the Game

The aim of football is to score more goals then your opponent in a 90

minute playing time frame. The match is split up into two halves of 45

minutes. After the first 45 minutes players will take a 15 minute rest

period called half time. The second 45 minutes will resume and any

time deemed fit to be added on by the referee (injury time) will be ac-

cordingly.

Players & Equipment

Each team consists of 11 players. These are made up

of one goalkeeper and ten outfield players. The pitch

dimensions vary from each ground but are roughly

120 yards long and 75 yards wide. On each pitch

you will have a 6 yard box next to the goal mouth,

an 18 yard box surrounding the 6 yard box and a

centre circle. Each half of the pitch must be a mirror

image of the other in terms of dimensions.

Essentially the equipment that is needed for a soccer

match is pitch and a football. Additionally players

can be found wearing studded football boots, shin

pads and matching strips. The goalkeepers will additionally wear padded gloves as they are the only

players allowed to handle the ball. Each team will have a designated captain.

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Scoring

To score the ball must go into your opponent’s goal. The whole ball needs to be

over the line for it to be a legitimate goal. A goal can be scored with any part of

the body apart from the hand or arm up to the shoulder. The goal itself consists of

a frame measuring 8 feet high and 8 yards wide.

Winning the Game

To win you have to score more goals than that of your opponents. If the scores

are level after 90 minutes then the game will end as a draw apart from in cup ga-

mes where the game can go to extra time and even a penalty shootout to decide

the winner. Players must use their feet to kick the ball and are prohibited to use

their hands apart from goalkeepers who can use any part of their body within the

18 yard box (of which more can be found out in the next section).

Rules of Football (Soccer)

A match consists of two 45 minutes halves with a 15 minute rest period in between.

Each team can have a minimum off 11 players (including 1 goalkeeper who is the only player allo-

wed to handle the ball within the 18 yard box) and a minimum of 7 players are needed to constitute

a match.

The field must be made of either artificial or natural grass. The size of pitches is allowed to vary but

must be within 100-130 yards long and 50-100 yards wide. The pitch must also be marked with a

rectangular shape around the outside showing out of bounds, two six yard boxes, two 18 yard boxes

and a centre circle. A spot for a penalty placed 12 yards out of both goals and centre circle must al-

so be visible.

The ball must have a circumference of 58-61cm and be of a circular shape.

Each team can name up to 7 substitute players. Substitutions can be made at any time of the match

with each team being able to make a maximum of 3 substitutions per side. In the event of all three

substitutes being made and a player having to leave the field for injury the team will be forced to

play without a replacement for that player.

Each game must include one referee and two assistant referee’s (linesmen). It’s the job of the refe-

ree to act as time keeper and make any decisions which may need to be made such as fouls, free

kicks, throw ins, penalties and added on time at the end of each half. The referee may consult the

assistant referees at any time in the match regarding a decision. It’s the assistant referee’s job to

spot offside’s in the match (see below), throw ins for either team and also assist the referee in all

decision making processes where appropriate.

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If the game needs to head to extra time as a result of both teams being level in a match then 30 mi-

nutes will be added in the form of two 15 minute halves after the allotted 90 minutes.

If teams are still level after extra time then a penalty shootout must take place.

The whole ball must cross the goal line for it to constitute as a goal.

For fouls committed a player could receive either a yellow or red card depending on the severity of

the foul; this comes down to the referee’s discretion. The yellow is a warning and a red card is a

dismissal of that player. Two yellow cards will equal one red. Once a player is sent off then they

cannot be replaced.

If a ball goes out of play off an opponent in either of the side lines

then it is given as a throw in. If it goes out of play off an attacking

player on the base line then it is a goal kick. If it comes off a defen-

ding player it is a corner kick.

The Offside Rule in Football

Offside can be called when an attacking player is in front of the last defender when the pass is played

through to them. The offside area is designed to discourage players from simply hanging around the

opponent’s goal waiting for a pass. To be onside they must be placed behind the last defender when

the ball is played to them. If the player is in front of that last defender then he is deemed to be offside

and free kick to the defending team will be called.

A player cannot be caught offside in their own half. The goalkeeper does not count as a defender. If

the ball is played backwards and the player is in front of the last defender then he is deemed to be not

offside.

To finish with the football unit, you should know some vocabulary:

Field of Play. The game can be played on either natural or artificial surfaces, the surface must be gre-

en and rectangular in shape. The two long sides of the rectangle are called touch lines and the two

shorter sides are called goal lines. The field is divided in half by the halfway line.

Ball. Must be spherical, made of leather (or similar) 68-70 cm in circumference and of a certain pres-

sure.

Number of Players. Two teams of no more than 11 players (one of which is the goalkeeper). A ga-

me cannot start if either team has less than 7 players.

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Equipment. Players must wear a jersey, shorts, stockings, shinguards and foot-

wear.

Referee. The referee ensures the Laws of the Game are respected and upheld.

Assistant Referees. There may be at most 2 assistant referees.

Duration of the Match. The game is played in 2 halves consisting of 45 minutes each. The half

time interval must not exceed more than 15 minutes. At the discretion of the referee more time is

allowed to compensate for any stoppage during play e.g. Due to substitutions or care and attention

of injured players.

Start and Restart of Play. A kick-off starts play at the start of the match or after a goal. A kick-off

involves one player kicking the ball, from stationary, forward from the centre spot. All players must

be in their own half prior to kick-off. A coin is tossed pre-game, the team which loses the toss are

awarded the kick-off to start the game whilst the team that win the toss are allowed to choose which

direction they want to play. After half time the teams switch direction and the other team will kick-

off. After a goal is scored, the team which conceded the goal will kick-off to restart play.

Ball in and Out of Play. The ball is out of play once a goal has been scored or when the referee has

stopped the game. The ball is in play at all other times.

Method of Scoring. The ball crosses the goal line inside the goal mouth.

Offside. It is an offence for a player to be in contact with the ball when they are closer to the oppo-

nents' goal than both the ball and the second-last opponent. The offside rule exists to ensure there

are always opponents (generally the goal keeper and a defender) between a player receiving the ball

and the goal. Without the offside rule, play can become boring with repeated long balls being kic-

ked to a player stood next to the goalkeeper for an easy goal.

Fouls/Misconduct. These are many and varied, broadly speaking it is an offence to use excessive

force whilst playing the game either deliberately or undeliberately or to handle the ball (unless you

are a goal keeper). The referee may show the yellow card to caution players for less serious offen-

ces and the red card for more serious offences resulting in the player being sent off. Two yellow

cards are equivalent to one red card.

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Free Kicks. Are given by the referee for fouls and misconduct. A free kick can either be direct or indi-

rect. A goal can be scored directly from a direct free kick. A goal can only be scored from an indirect

free kick if it touches at least one other player first. The free kick must be taken from a stationary posi-

tion with that position varying depending on whether the free kick was given inside or outside the goal

area and whether it's direct or indirect. The opposing team must be a minimum of 9.15 m from the ball

when the free kick is taken.

Penalty Kicks. Are given against a team when they commit an offence which would normally be

awarded a direct free kick inside their goal area. The ball is kicked from stationary from the penalty

spot. The opposing team must be outside of the penalty area and at least 9.15 m from the ball.

Throw-in. Used to restart play after the whole of the ball has crossed the touch line.

Goal kick. Used to restart play after a goal has been scored.

Corner Kick. Is given when the whole of the ball crosses the goal line and was last touched by a mem-

ber of the defending team (and no goal was scored). A corner kick is taken from inside the corner arc

closest to the point where the ball crosses the goal line. The defending team must be at least 9.15 m

from the ball when the corner kick is taken.

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El beisbol es un deporte de equipo o colectivo en el que de manera oficial juegan dos equipos de

nueve jugadores, aunque nosotros nos adaptaremos al numero de personas que integran la clase. El

objetivo del juego es anotar mas carreras que el equipo oponente. El ganador será aquel equipo que

haya anotado el mayor numero de carreras al concluir el juego reglamentario (normalmente, 9 entra-

das).

TERRENO DE JUEGO:

El terreno de juego se divide en dos zonas:

a) Infield o “Diamante”: tiene forma de cuadrado y en

sus esquinas se sitúan las bases (1a,2a,3a) y la zona de

bateo y de llegada (base 4a o “home”). Todas las bases

están unidas por una línea.

En su parte central se encuentra una zona semicircular

ligeramente elevada desde donde lanza el “pichter” las

bolas para que sean bateadas.

b) Outfied: delimitado por la prolongación de las líneas que unen el “home” y la 1a y 3a base. Se ex-

tiende mas allá de la zona del diamante y su parte exterior tiene forma semicircular.

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UNIT 3. BASEBALL

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Un equipo de beisbol esta compuesto oficialmente por nueve jugadores de campo, ocupando cada

uno de ellos una posición determinada. Los integrantes del equipo que defiende son los siguientes:

▪El lanzador o “pitcher”: pone la bola en juego lanzán-

dola hacia la meta o “home” para que sea bateada por el

bateador.

▪El receptor o “catcher”: recibe la bola y la devuelve

al lanzador a menos que el bateador logre golpear la bo-

la antes. El receptor defiende también la meta cuando un

corredor trata de anotar una carrera.

▪ Jugadores de base, situados cerca de las bases para

eliminar a los corredores cuando intentan avanzar alre-

dedor del diamante

▪ Jugadores exteriores son los responsables de atrapar

las bolas golpeadas hacia el outfield.

Mientras un equipo esta en el campo (defendiendo), el otro realiza su turno de bateo (ataca), siguiendo

sus jugadores un orden de bateo que hayan establecido con anterioridad.

Se consigue una carrera cuando un corredor pisa en orden y sin ser eliminado, en una o varias jugadas,

la 1ª base, la 2ª base, la 3ª base y la base 4ª o “home”.

► DESARROLLO DE UN PARTIDO:

Un partido de beisbol se desarrolla por entradas. Una entrada se compone de un turno de bateo y un

turno de defensa para cada equipo. Un partido oficial lo componen un total de 9 entradas, aunque no-

sotros jugaremos a menos entradas ya que estamos limitados por la duración de la clase.

Un partido de beisbol no puede acabar en empate. Si al acabar la ultima entrada hay un empate, se

continúan haciendo entradas adicionales hasta que se rompe el empate.

►DESARROLLO DE UNA ENTRADA:

Cuando el equipo defensor consigue eliminar a tres atacantes o cuando el equipo atacante ha realizado

5 carreras se dice que se ha acabado media entrada. Si esto ocurre, el equipo defensor pasa a ser ata-

cante y el atacante a ser defensor.

Cuando los dos equipos han atacado y defendido una vez, se dice que se ha acabado una entrada.

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LOS JUGADORES

DESARROLLO DEL JUEGO.....¿CÓMO SE JUEGA?

La bola se pone en juego cuando el lanzador o “pitcher” la dirige

hacia el bateador para que la golpee, pudiendo ocurrir diferentes

acciones dentro del juego que a continuación se detallan:

● STRIKE:

- Cuando un lanzamiento realizado por el pitcher pasa por la “zona

de strike” (situada entre la axila y la parte superior de las rodillas

del bateador) y no es golpeado por el bateador.

- Cuando una bola bateada se va fuera del campo bueno o no llega a

el. Si el bateador tiene dos strikes en su contra, el bateo fuera no

se contabiliza como strike, simplemente no se tiene en cuenta.

■ Un bateador que realiza 3 strikes, es eliminado.

● BOLA:

Son aquellos lanzamientos dirigidos fuera de la “zona de strike” que

el bateador no intente golpear. Si los golpea de forma fallida, se

consideraran strikes.

■ Un bateador que recibe 4 bolas avanza a primera base sin riesgo

a ser eliminado (base por bolas o walk).

¿ CÓMO SE ELIMINA A UN BATEADOR?

- Cuando el bateador realiza 3 strikes.

- Cuando un defensa atrapa una pelota bateada antes de

que esta toque el suelo (fly)

- Tocando un defensa la primera base con la pelota en

su poder antes de que esta sea pisada por el bateador.

- Tocando un defensa al bateador con la pelota cuando

el bateador intenta llegar a primera base.

¿ CÓMO AVANZA UN BATEADOR?

- Bateando a terreno bueno (el delimitado entre las líne-

as que parten del “home” y pasan por primera y por ter-

cera base) un lanzamiento y consiguiendo llegar a pri-

mera base sin ser eliminado.

- Por tener 4 bolas en su cuenta (se le concede la base)

- Si es golpeado con la bola lanzada por el pit-

cher (se le concede la 1a base)

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REGLAS ASOCIADAS AL LANZADOR O “PITCHER”, AL BATEADOR Y AL CORREDOR

.

¿ CÓMO ELIMINAR A UN CORREDOR?

(Consideraremos corredor a cualquier jugador atacante que empiece la jugada en una base y al

bateador en el momento que este pase de la primera base)

- Tocándolo un defensa con la pelota mientras esta fuera de una base

- Tocando un defensa en poder de la pelota la base a la que el corredor se dirige, siempre y cuando

sea un corredor obligado a correr.

Un corredor esta obligado a correr si ocupa una base que necesita un compañero que esta avanzando.

(Ej; si el bateador batea correctamente, el corredor de base 1 estaría obligado a correr)

OTRAS REGLAS A TENER EN CUENTA:

- Un corredor puede llegar a 1a base y pasarse de ella sin ser eliminado (siempre que no haga intención

de ir a segunda base).

- La 2a y 3a bases hay que pisarlas y no salirse de ellas, ya que si un jugador pisa pero es tocado con la

bola fuera de la base es eliminado.

- Si un jugador sale de la base antes de que la pelota sea bateada, dicho jugador es eliminado.

- Si la pelota es atrapada en el aire por el equipo defensor, el bateador es eliminado y los jugadores de-

ben volver a su base de origen antes de que ellos o su base sean tocados con la pelota.

- Cuando un jugador batea a campo bueno, siempre esta obligado a correr.

- El recorrido que une las bases debe de estar libre (ningún defensor sin pelota puede interponerse en

medio de él)

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FASES DEL JUEGO

EN ATAQUE: mi equipo esta al bate, soy atacante y DEBO:

Batear la pelota (sin ser eliminado) fuera del alcance de los jugadores del equipo defensor.

Avanzar (correr) una, dos, tres o todas las bases sin ser eliminado.

Anotar una carrera (puntuar).

EN DEFENSA: mi equipo esta en el campo, soy defensor y DEBO:

Eliminar a los jugadores del equipo adversario:

Cogiendo en el aire una pelota bateada.

Enviando la pelota al defensor de 1a base antes de que llegue el corredor que acaba de

Batear.

Tocando con la pelota a los contrarios fuera de la base.

Pisando con la pelota en una base hacia la que viene un corredor que esta obligado a correr.

ANEXO I. QUESTIONS FOR THE GAME SHOW

Unit 1: The warm-up

1. What is the warm-up?

2. Why is the warm-up so important?

3. Explain the three types of warm-up?

4. How many parts has got a general warm-up? Number and names.

5. How many parts has got a specific warm-up? Number and names.

6. In the joint movement stage, what is the goal (objective)?

7. In the activation stage, what is the goal (objective)?

8. In the stretching stage, what is the goal (objective)?

9. Name 10 exercises of the joint movement stage.

10. Name 10 exercises of the activation stage.

11. Name 5 exercises of the stretching stage.

12. Explain the 4 rules to stretch.

13. In the specific stage, what is the goal (objective)? Explain 3 examples.

14. When we make a warm-up we must avoid some mistakes, explain 4 of them.

Unit 2: Football

15. Cita el nombre de las ligas más fuertes

16. ¿Cómo se conoce también al fútbol en algunas partes del mundo?

17. Which is the aim in football?

18. ¿Cuánto dura un partido de fútbol?¿Cuántas partes tiene? ¿Puede el árbitro añadir más tiempo?

¿Por qué?

19. How many players has a football team?

20. Tell me the name of players and where are situated in the playing field

21. How many substitutions can make every team?

22. ¿Cuándo se produce un corner?

23. ¿Cuándo se produce un fuera de juego?

24. Know the different vocabulary.

Unit 3: Baseball

25. Dibuja un campo de beisbol y sitúa dentro de el a los jugadores, indicando el nombre que reciben

cada uno de ellos según su función dentro del equipo.

26. En que casos se elimina al bateador del juego?

27. ¿Qué tiene que ocurrir para que un bateador avance a base 1 sin llegar a batear la bola?

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28. Si el pitcher le lanza la bola mal al bateador, pero este la batea, .¿qué se ha producido?

29. ¿Qué tiene que ocurrir para que un equipo pase de estar atacando a estar defendiendo?

30. ¿Qué materiales son necesarios para jugar a beisbol?

31. ¿Cuándo se elimina a un corredor?

32. Busca qué es un “Home Run” y explícalo con tus palabras.

33. ¿Con qué nombre se conoce al deporte similar al beisbol practicado principalmente por chicas?

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ANEXO II. PRINCIPALES HUESOS DEL CUERPO HUMANO

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ANEXO III. PRINCIPALES MÚSCULOS DEL CUERPO HUMANO

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