Floral

Intimate

Credits:

© TERRE Policy Centre

Publication: TERRE Policy Centre

Presented By: Dr. Vinita Apte,

Founder Director,

TERRE Policy Centre

Title of Book: Floral Intimate

Year of Publication: 2020

Place of Publication: Pune

Floral Designed by: Mr. Avinash R. Kulkarni

Scientific name

Crossandra infundibuliformis Common Name

Firecracker flower, Aboli It is usually grown in containers

but can be attractive in beds as

well. The flowers have no perfume

but stay fresh for several days on

the bush. A well-tended specimen

will bloom continuously for years.

The tiny flowers are often strung

together into strands, sometimes

along with white jasmine flowers

and therefore in great demand for

making garlands which are offered

to temple deities or used to

embellish women's hair.

Scientific Name

Bougainvillea Common Name

Bouganvel Bougainvillea are

popular ornamental

plants in most areas with

warm climates. It is referred

to as "paper flower"

because the bracts are thin

and papery. Flowers are of

bright colours associated

with the plant, including

pink, magenta, purple, red,

orange, white, or yellow.

Scientific Name

Saussurea obvallata Common Name

Brahm Kamal. Found in the region of the

Himalayas, Brahma Kamal is

considered a medicinal herb in

Tibetian Medicine. It is used

to treat urogenital disorders,

liver infections, sexually

transmitted diseases, bone

pains, and cold and cough. It

has a bitter taste and the entire

plant is used. The plant is

endangered because people cut

it down for their own use.

Scientific Name

Scadoxus multiflorus Common Name

Ball Lily, Blood Lily It is a bulbous plant native to

most of sub –Saharan

Africa from Senegal to Soma

lia to South Africa. It is

widely cultivated as a

ornamental ploant. It is

traditionally used in parts of

tropical Africa as a

component of arrow poisons

and fishing poisons. It is also

used in traditional medicine

in South Africa.

Scientific Name

Scadoxus multiflorus Common Name

Ball Lily, Blood Lily

It is a bulbous plant native to

most of sub –Saharan

Africa from Senegal to Somali

a to South Africa. It is widely

cultivated as a ornamental

ploant. It is traditionally used

in parts of tropical Africa as a

component of arrow poisons

and fishing poisons. It is also

used in traditional medicine in

South Africa.

Scientific Name

Mansoa alliacea Common Name

Garlic vine It is native to Northern South

America and has spread to Central

America and Brasil. Among

the mestizos of the Amezon

rainforests. it is known as ajo

sacha, a Spanish-Quechua name

that means "forest garlic" or "wild

garlic".M. alliacea has been

exported overseas, and grows in

the favourable climates of Puerto

Rico, Southern

Africa, Thailand and India. It is

cultivated for ornamental purpose.

Scientific Name

Gladiolus Common Name

Sword lily These flowers are variously

coloured, ranging from pink to

reddish or light purple with white,

contrasting markings, or white to

cream or orange to red. Gladioli

have been

extensively hybridized and a wide

range of ornamental flower

colours are available from the

many varieties. Flowers used for

decoration purpose and is

cultivated for its commercial

value.

Scientific Name

Clitoria ternatea Common Name

Blue bell vine,

Butterfly pea This plant is native to

equatorial Asia, Indian sub

continent and Southeast Asia,

Africa, Australia and America.

It is grown as an ornamental

plant and as a revegetation

species. In Southeast Asia, the

flower is used as a natural food

colouring to colour glutinous

rice. In

traditional Ayurvedic medicine

, it is ascribed various qualities

including memory enhancing,

nootropic, antistress,

anxiolytic, antidepressant,

anticonvulsant, tranquilizing,

and sedative properties.

Scientific name

Rosa rubiginosa

Common Name

Gulab

Roses are best known as ornamental plants grown for their flowers in the garden and sometimes indoors. They have been also used for commercial perfumery and commercial cut flower crops. Rose perfumes are made from rose oil. Rose water is used for cooking, cosmetics, medicine and religious practices. Rose Hips are occasionally made into Jam, Jelly, Marmalade, and Soup or are brewed for tea.

Scientific name

Rosa rubiginosa Common Name

Gulab Roses are best known as

ornamental plants grown for their

flowers in the garden and

sometimes indoors. They have

been also used for commercial

perfumery and commercial cut

flower crops. Rose perfumes are

made from rose oil. Rose water

is used for cooking, cosmetics,

medicine and religious practices.

Rose Hips are occasionally made

into Jam, Jelly, Marmalade,

and Soup or are brewed for tea.

Scientific name

Mirabilis jalapa Common Name

Marvel of Peru, Four o'clock flower It is the most commonly grown ornamental

species and is available in a range of colours.

Flowers produce a strong, sweet-smelling

fragrance throughout the night. The flowers

are used in food coloring. An edible

crimson dye is obtained from the flowers to

color cakes and jellies. In herbal medicine,

parts of the plant may be used as a diuretic,

purgative and for wound healing purposes.

Leaf juice may be used to treat wounds. The

bulbous roots of the flower have

a laxative effect. The seed of some varieties is

used as a cosmetic and a dye. The juice

extracted from the root is used to treat

earache, diarrhoea, dysentery, syphilis and

liver infections.

Scientific name

Jasminum officinale Common Name

Summer jasmine, Poet’s

jasmine Jasmines are widely

cultivated for the

characteristic fragrance of

their flowers in the garden,

as a house plant, and as cut

flowers. The flowers are

worn by women in their hair

in South and South East

Asia. As a herbal medicine it

is used in dermatology.

Floral extract used in aroma

therapy.

Scientific Name

Hibiscus Common Name

Rose mallow, hardy hibiscus, rose

of sharon Many species are grown for their

showy flowers or used as

landscape shrubs. A tea made from

hibiscus flowers is known by many

names around the world and is served

both hot and cold. The beverage is

known for its red colour, tart flavour,

and vitamin C content. Dried hibiscus is

edible, and it is often a delicacy in Mexico. It can also be

candied and used as a garnish, usually for desserts.

Hibiscus is described as having a number of medical uses

in Indian Ayurveda. The hibiscus is used as an offering to

goddess Kali and Lord Ganesha in Hindu worship.

Scientific name

Nerium oleander Common Name

Nerium or Oleander it is extensively used as

an ornamental plant in

parks, along roadsides and

in private gardens. Oleander

flowers are showy, profuse,

and often fragrant, which

makes them very attractive.

Oleander has formed the

subject matter of paintings

by famous artists.

Scientific Name

Canna indica Common Name

Peacock flower, red bird of

paradise, Mexican bird of

paradise. .

Flowers are of variety shades of yellow

about orange and red to pink. It is used as a

garden plant, ornamental plant. The starch is

easily digestible and therefore well suited as a

health and baby food. The tubers can be eaten

raw or cooked. The starch is also suitable for

baking. In South America, the leaves are used to

wrap pastries. The seeds are widely used for

jewellery. The seeds are also used as the mobile elements of the kayamb a musical

instrument from Reuinion, as well as the hosho, a gourd rattle from Zimbabwe. It can be used for the

treatment of industrial waste waters through constructed wetlands. It is effective for the removal of

high organic load, color and chlorinated organic compounds from paper mill wastewater.

Scientific Name

Barleria prionitis Common Name

Porcupine flower, Koranti

This flowering plant is native

to India, Sri Lanka and Eastern

Southern and Central Africa. It

is used for various medicinal

purposes in ayurvedic

medicine. The juice of the

leaves is applied to feet to

prevent maceration and

cracking in the mansoon

season.

Scientific name

Combretum indicum Common Name

Rangoon creeper or Chinese

honeysuckle The flowers are fragrant and

tubular and their colour varies from

white to pink to red. The plant is

used as an herbal medicine.

Decoctions of the root, seed or fruit

can be used as anthelmintic to

expel parasitic worms or for alleviating

diarrhoea. Fruit decoction can also be used for

gargling. The fruits are also used to combat nephritis

Leaves can be used to relieve pain caused by fever. The

roots are used to treat rheumatism. The seeds from the pod are useful for

treating Roundworm and Pinworm.

Scientific Name

Jasminum sambac Common Name

Mogara Mogara is cultivated commercially for

domestic and industrial uses, such as the

perfume industry. Essential oil is extracted

from flowers and buds by using steam

distillation process. This essential oil is

one of most expensive commodities in

aromatherapy and perfume industry.

Flowers are also used in rituals like

marriages, religious ceremonies and

festivals, to make thick garlands as hair

adornments. Mogara flowers are also used

to make jasmine tea, which often has a

base of green tea or white tea.

Scientific Name

Orchidaceae Common Name

Orchid The Orchidaceae are well known for the

many structural variations in their flowers.

Some orchids have single flowers, but most

have a racemose inflorescence, sometimes

with a large number of flowers. he scent of

orchids is frequently analysed

by perfumers to identify potential fragrance

chemicals. Orchid has horticultural importance and

widely used for decorative purpose. The dried seed

pods of one orchid genus, Vanilla, are commercially

important as a flavouring in baking, for perfume manufacture

and aromatherapy. The underground tubers of terrestrial

orchids are ground to a powder and used for cooking.

Scientific Name

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Common Name

Night-flowering jasmine or

Coral jasmine The flowers can be used as a source of

yellow dye for clothing. Extracts of

seeds, flowers and leaves possesses

immunostimulant, hepatoprotective,

an t i l e i sh man ia l , an t iv i r a l an d

antifungal activities invitro. The leaves

have been used in Ayurvedic medicine

and Homoeopathy for scia t ica,

arthritis, fevers and as a laxative. The

tree is sometimes called the "tree

of sorrow", because the flowers lose their brightness

during daytime. Parijat appears in several Hindu religious

stories and is often related to the Kalpavriksha

Scientific Name

Pentas lanceolata Common Name

Pentas, Star cluster

Native to Africa and Yemen.

Perennial plant whose flowers

varies from red, pink, white,

lavender, purple. Extremely

attractive to butterflies and

hummingbirds. Cultivated

mainly in the gardens for

decorative purpose.

Scientific Name

Agave amica Common Name

Tuberose The overwhelming fragrance of the

tuberose has been distilled for use in

perfumery. Now widely grown as

an ornamental plant, the species was

originally native to Mexico. In India

and Bangladesh they are widely used

in making flower garlands which are

offered to the gods or used as

wedding ornaments. The flowers of

tuberose are also used for making

artistic floral ornaments, bouquets,

buttonholes, gajras. Dried tuberose

bulbs in powdered form are used as a

remedy for gonorrhoea.

Scientific Name

Clematis gouriana Common Name

Indian Traveller's Joy The creeper is common in the

Western Ghats, and the patches of

adjoining forest of the Konkan coast

and the Deccan plateau. It is

recognised as a medicinal herb in

traditional medicine and amongst

tribal communities. In Ayurveda,

the leaves of the plant have been

used for treating puerperal

fever and bruises. Leaf paste is

applied to wounds of cattle, The

crushed leaves and stems are also

used for treating lice in India.

Scientific Name

Cestrum nocturnum Common Name

Night-blooming

jasmine

It is grown in subtropical

regions as an ornamental

plant for its flowers that

are heavily perfumed at

night.

Scientific Name

Ixora coccinea Common Name

Jungle flame It is a common flowering

shrub Native to Southern

India, Bangladesh, and Sri

Lanka. Plants produce large

clusters of tiny flowers. In

tropical climates they flower

year round and are commonly

used in Hindu worship, as well

as in ayurveda and Indian folk

medicine. The fruits, when

fully ripe, are used as a dietary

source.

Scientific name

Catharanthus roseus Common Name

Bright eyes, Cape periwinkle

The species has long been

cultivated for herbal medicine and

as an ornamental plant. It is native

and endemic to Madagascar, but

grown elsewhere as an ornamental

and medicinal plant, a source of

the drugs vincristine and vinblasti

ne, used to treat cancer.

Scientific Name

Caesalpinia pulcherrima Common Name

Peacock flower, red

bird of paradise It is a striking ornamental

plant, widely grown in

domestic and public gardens

in warm climates with mild

winters, and has a beautiful

inflorescence in yellow, red,

and orange. Its small size

and the fact that it

tolerates pruning well allows

it to be planted in groups to

form a hedgerow; it can be

also used to

attract hummingbirds.

Scientific Name

Chrysanthemums Common Name

Mums Flowers mainly used for

ornamental purpose. Yellow or

white chrysanthemum flowers are

boiled to make a tea in some parts

of Asia. The resulting beverage is

known simply as chrysanthemum

tea. Chrysanthemum leaves are

steamed or boiled and used as

greens, especially in Chinese

cuisine. economically important

as a natural source of insecticide,

insect repellent. Chrysanthemum

plants have been shown to reduce

indoor air pollution.

Scientific name

Magnolia champaca Common Name

Known as ‘Champak’ in English which is

derived from Sanskrit word ‘Champaka’.

It is also known as Joy Perfume Tree,

Yellow jade Orchid Tree and Fragrant

Himalayan Champaca.

It is known for its fragrant flowers which

are primarily used for worship at temples,

making garlands. The tree was

traditionally used to make fragrant hair

and massage oils and its timber used in

wood working. It is cultivated as

an ornamental plant It has strongly

fragrant flowers in varying shades of

cream to yellow-orange which bloom

during June to September.

Scientific name

Tabernaemontana

divaricata Common Name

Pinwheel flower Plant is grown as a house or

glasshouse plant for its

attractive flowers and foliage.

They are used

in ayurvedic medicine and the

traditional medicine of South

East Asia. The plant has been

reported to contain a variety

of alkaloids in the bark of the

stem and roots.

Scientific Name

Tecoma stans Common Name

Yellow trumpetbush, yellow bells, yellow

elder, ginger-thomas Yellow trumpetbush is an attractive plant that is cultivated as an ornamental. The flowers attract bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds.

Scientific Name

Tagetes Common Name

Marigold Originally from South America, has

been used as a source of essential

oil for the perfume and industry

known as tagette or "marigold oil",

and as a flavourant in the food and

tobacco industries. It is commonly

cultivated in South Africa, India

where the species is also a

useful pioneer plant in the

reclamation of disturbed land. It

Blooms naturally occur in golden,

orange, yellow, and white colors,

often with maroon highlights. In

India it is used in all the auspicious

occasion and festive season for

making garlands, decoration etc.

Scientific name

Cocos nucifera Common Name

Coconut

Coconut tree is considered as

Kalpavriksha in Hindu religion as

every part of tree is useful in many

ways. Leaves of this tree used for

decorative purpose like thatching,

huts, shelter, roofs, walls, brooms

etc. The leaves of coconut tree are

large and very beautiful.

Scientific name

Araucaria Araucana

Common Name

Christmas tree

Some of the species of araucaria are relatively common in cultivation because of their distinctive, formal symmetrical growth habit. Several species are economically important for timber production. Nuts of the tree are edible. Tree is commonly cultivated in gardens for decorative purpose.

Scientific name

Aucuba japonica Common name

Japanese laurel

It is widely cultivated as the

"gold plant“. This plant is

valued for its ability to thrive

in the most difficult of garden

environments, dry shade. It

also copes with pollution and

salt-laden coastal winds. It is

often seen as an

informal hedge, but may also

be grown indoors as

a houseplant.

Scientific Name

Heliotropium Common Name

Garden heliotrope

The name "heliotrope"

derives from the old idea that

the inflorescences of these

plants turned their rows of

flowers to the sun. Several

heliotropes are popular

garden plants, most

notably garden heliotrope.

Flowers used for food

coloring, making perfume.

Scientific Name

Syngonium podophyllum Common name

Philodendron

As a creeper, it needs some

support. It can also be grown as

a groundcover plant. There are

several variegated cultivars, the

main differences being in the

position and extent of the cream

or white markings. Some leaves

are almost entirely white, pink or

yellow. All parts of the plant are

poisonous

Scientific name

Cornus Common Name

Dogwood

This Plant is mainly used

for its ornamental purpose

and commonly cultivated in

the gardens for decorative

purpose. This shrub plant

generally be distinguished

by their blossoms, berries,

and distinctive bark.

Scientific name

Brassicaceae Common name

Crucifer The mustard plant is a plant

species in the genera Brassica and

Sinapis in the family Brassicaceae.

Mustard seed is used as a spice.

Grinding and mixing the seeds

with water, vinegar, or other

liquids creates the yellow

condiment known as prepared

mustard. The seeds can also be

pressed to make mustard oil, and

the edible leaves can be eaten

as mustard greens.

Scientific name

Ocimum tenuiflorum Common name

Tulsi It is an aromatic plant native to

the Indian subcontinent. Tulsi

leaves are part in the worship

and used in rituals. In hindu

religion it is very auspicious

plant. Tulsi used in traditional

medicine purposes, and for

its essential oil. It is widely used

as a herbal tea, commonly used

in Ayurveda.

Editorial Team:

Data Compilation & Edited by: Ms. Rajkumari Suryawanshi

Laser Typesetting by: Mr. Sagar Lakhotiya

TERRE Policy Centre

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Erandwane, Pune: 411004

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Flower, A finest beauty of the Nature,

Flower, a symbol of love,

peace, happiness,

sorrow and different kind of human emotions...

It is the fragrance of a flower

which is known to each and every creature of our

planet who have the sense of smell....

It is the beauty of the flower, who make humans to

make it a part of our lives..

We all know the different kind of flower with their

specific beauty and the fragrance which makes us to

identify the particular flower. But there are very less

number of people who knows the scientific and the

medicinal value of each flower. So, not only the

beauty and the fragrance of a flower is important but

the scientific & medicinal value of that flower is what

makes its existence complete in the nature.