AgN-GLEE Landscape Analysis

Lidan Du, PhD June 18, 2013

Washington DC

Background of Landscape Analysis

• Part of Agriculture-Nutrition Global Learning and

Evidence Exchange (AgN-GLEE)

• Task: to review USAID-supported FTF programs and

map current interventions and pathways linking

agriculture and nutrition

• This presentation:

– Methodology

– Findings from Phase one and two

– Thoughts for discussion

2

Methods

• Desk review of FTF multi-year strategy and project

documents

• Key informant interviews with FTF Points of Contact

• Tools for data collection, extraction and analysis

• Pathways and Principles

• Not an evaluation

3

Timeline

Technical consultations Aug 21 , Sep 6

Document Collection Sep 5

LA team formed Sep 17

12 African Country profiles Dec 3 – Dec 4

3 LAC Country profiles Feb 28

4 Asia Country profiles March 10

5 case studies May-June

1 final report soon (under review)

4

Data Collection

Countries No. documents consulted No. people interviewed

AFRICA 98 23

LAC 23 7

Asia 42 5

TOTAL 163 35

5

Countries To be awarded <1yr implementation >1yr implementation

Bangladesh X X

Cambodia X

Nepal X X

Tajikistan X

Guatemala X

Haiti X X

Honduras X X

Ethiopia X X

Ghana X X

Kenya X X

Liberia X

Malawi X X

Mali X X

Mozambique X X

Rwanda X

Senegal X

Tanzania X

Uganda X X X

Zambia X X

Status of Key FTF Ag-Nutr Projects As of January

and April

Countries Flagship Co-location Retro-fitting

Bangladesh X

Cambodia X

Nepal X

Tajikistan X X

Guatemala X

Haiti X (X) X

Honduras X

Ethiopia X X

Ghana X (X)

Kenya X X X

Liberia X X

Malawi X

Mali (X)

Mozambique X X

Rwanda X

Senegal X X

Tanzania X

Uganda X X

Zambia X

Program approach

Countries Staple/ Roots

Horticulture Legume /nuts

Animal sourced

foods

Cash crop

(Bio-) fortification

Indigenous/ Local foods

Bangladesh X X X X X X X

Cambodia X X X X (X) X

Nepal X X X X (X)

Tajikistan X X X X

Guatemala X X

Haiti X X X X

Honduras X X X X X

Ethiopia X X X X X X

Ghana X X X

Kenya X X X X X (X)

Liberia X (X) X X X

Malawi X X X

Mali X X X

Mozambique X X

Rwanda X X X X

Senegal X (X) (X) X (X)

Tanzania X (X) X X

Uganda X (X) X (X) X (X)

Zambia X X X X

FTF Value Chains

FTF Value Chains

10

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

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Staple /Roots

Horticulture Legume /Nuts

AnimalSource

Cash Crop (Bio-)Fortification

Indigenous /Local

Countries Nutrition impact

Income Potential

Gender Gov’t/ donor

Food security

Number of farmers

Bangladesh X X X X X X

Cambodia X X X

Nepal X X X X

Tajikistan X X X X

Guatemala X X X X

Haiti X X X

Honduras X X X X X

Ethiopia X X X

Ghana X X X X

Kenya (X) X X

Liberia X X X X

Malawi X X X

Mali X (X) X X

Mozambique X X X X

Rwanda (X) X (X) X X

Senegal (X) X X X

Tanzania (X) X X X X

Uganda X X X X X

Zambia X X X

Factors in FTF Value Chain

Selection

Factors in FTF Value Chain Selection

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Nutrition interventions

13

• Nutrition education and counseling

• Training of extension workers

• Adaptation to local contexts

– Determinants

– Barriers/constraints

– Social norms

Agriculture-Nutrition Pathways

• Own production food consumption

• Income food purchase

• Income healthcare purchase

• Food prices food purchase

• Women’s time use care capacity

• Women’s workload maternal energy use

• Women’s control of income resource allocation

Ref: Stuart Gillespie, Jody Harris, and Suneetha Kadiyala, The Agriculture-Nutrition

Disconnect in India, What Do We Know? IFPRI Discussion Paper 01187, June 2012

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Countries Production-consumption

Income -food

Income -health

Price -food

Women’s time

Women’s workload

Women’s income

Bangladesh X X X X

Cambodia X X X

Nepal X X X X X

Tajikistan X X X

Guatemala X X X X X

Haiti X X X X

Honduras X X (X) X X X

Ethiopia X X X X X X

Ghana X X (X)

Kenya X X X X

Liberia X X X (X)

Malawi X (X) (X)

Mali X (X)

Mozambique X (X) (X)

Rwanda X X (X)

Senegal X X (X)

Tanzania X X (X)

Uganda X (X) X X X X

Zambia X X

Explicit/ Implicit

Pathways

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Explicit/Implicit Pathways

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

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Production -Consumption

Income -Food

purchase

Income -Health

purchase

Food price -Food

purchase

Women'sTime

Women'sWorkload

Women'sIncome

Key Principles

Observations

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• Empowering women

• Targeting the nutritionally

vulnerable

• Value chain selection

• Market access

• Multi-Sectoral Coordination

• Nutrition education – SBCC

Preparation

Intra-household allocation and consumption

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Behavior Change in FTF

NE/SBCC

Storage/ processing

Production

Nutrition

Market

Income

Purchase/ demand

Utilization

Additional Observations

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• Capacities

• staff, time, skills, data, information

• Funding

• Complex situation

Considerations

• Design and Modify Project Activities Based on

Continuous Context Assessments

• Target SBCC Activities along All Agriculture-

Nutrition Pathways

• Empower Women by Building Supportive Family

and Social Environment

• Focus on Opportunities for Nutrition throughout the

Value Chains

• Document Incremental Results to Build Evidence

Base

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Strategy Nutrition Indicators

22

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

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Stunting Child MAD MaternalAnemia

Hunger Child Anemia Women's DD

FTF Nutrition Indicators: Benefits of Integration

Feed the Future Indicator Handbook: Definition Sheets Updated April 4, 2012

Agriculture (3)

% of households with moderate or severe hunger *

Women’s dietary diversity *

% of national budget allocated to nutrition

Nutrition (5)

% of exclusive breastfeeding of children under 6 mo *

No. of health facilities to manage acute undernutrition

No. of people trained in child health and nutrition

No. of children under 5 received Vitamin A

No. of children under 5 reached by USG-nutrition programs

Integration (7)

% of stunted children under 5 years of age*

% of wasted children under 5 years of age*

% of underweight women *

% of underweight children under 5 years of age *

% of anemia among women of reproductive age *

% of anemia among children 6-59 mo *

% of children 6-23mo receiving a MAD*

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Considerations (cont’d)

• Invest Strategically in Partnerships and

Capacity Building for Sustainability

• Strengthen Coordination and

Collaboration within the Missions

• Guidelines and incentives for projects and offices to

coordinate

• Close collaboration between agriculture/economic growth

and direct health/nutrition (Food safety and WASH/Hygiene)

activities is a must!

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Landscape Analysis Constraints

• Access to documents

• Incomplete and out of date documents

• Information on actual implementation

• Definition of FTF ag-nutr program

• Mission staff turn-over

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Deliverables

• 19 Country profiles

• 5 Country case studies

– Bangladesh + Nepal

– Guatemala + Honduras

– Senegal

• 4 Presentations – findings

– June 18/9 Cross-country

– March 19 – 21 Asian Focus countries

– March 5 – 7 LAC focus countries

– Dec 10 – 12 African focus countries

• 1 Final report

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Landscape Analysis Team

Document Review and Analysis

Lidan Du

Aaron Buchsbaum (photo credit)

Alyssa Klein (photo credit)

Jody Harris

Technical advisors

Anu Narayan

Anna Herforth

Marie Ruel

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Question for you

What can your agency do in the

next 2-3 years to help increase

the nutrition impact of Feed the

Future programs in the focus

countries?

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Thank You

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Additional Slides

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Value Chain Details – Full List

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Bangladesh Rice, local and new potato and sweet potato (OFSP), exotic and indigenous vegetable crops – tomato, peppers,

amaranth, Kang Kong, jute mallow, gourds (pumpkins), and beans, fish and shrimp

Cambodia Rice, green corn, seven commercially viable and predominantly indigenous fish species and prawns, over 40 types of

legumes, fruits, vegetables, and herbs – predominantly higher nutrition or value ones

Nepal High-value vegetables; secondary focus on lentils, maize, and rice; chickens, eggs, small livestock

Tajikistan Dried beans, peanuts, onions, garlic, dairy, kitchen garden crops (mainly profitable fruits and vegetables)

Guatemala Coffee, horticulture

Haiti Rice, maize, beans, plantains, cocoa, mango

Honduras Maize, beans, exotic and indigenous fruits and vegetables (price conscious), poultry, pigs, juice, tailoring, handicrafts

Ethiopia Maize, wheat, vegetable, pulses, sesame/chickpea, meat and live animals, dairy, honey, coffee

Ghana Maize, rice, soy, fish

Kenya Maize, cassava, millet/sorghum, sweet/Irish potato, vegetable, banana, mango, passion fruit, beans, legume, cowpea,

groundnuts, green grams, pigeon peas, dairy, livestock, flowers

Liberia Rice, cassava, other roots and tubers, vegetables, horticulture, poultry, goats, cocoa

Malawi Rice, beans, groundnuts, pigeon peas, soy, fish, dairy

Mali Sorghum/millet, rice, livestock/dairy (potentially vegetables)

Mozambique Fresh fruits, pulses, oilseeds, cashew

Rwanda Maize, beans, livestock (potentially pineapple, cassava, rice, coffee, pyrethrum, dairy)

Senegal Maize, millet/sorghum, rice (some horticulture, native food and iron-rich seeds; maybe livestock)

Tanzania Maize, rice, horticulture, vegetables, flowers, spices

Uganda Maize, beans, coffee, & sub-district-specific plants and livestock

Zambia Maize, horticulture, groundnut, soy, sunflower

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Illustrative Intermediate Indicators along IFPRI Agriculture-Nutrition Pathways .Production Consumption pathway: crop yield, number of animals raised and butchered for home consumption, varieties of items grown in the gardens, quality (varieties) and quantity of foods stored at home, varieties and quantity of foods prepared and available at the table .Income Food purchase pathway: existence of a viable market accessible to target population, nutritious foods sold by local producers who grow them at this market, .Income Healthcare purchase pathway: availability of and access to quality facility-based and community-based health services, types of services provided and used by target population, stock management, health seeking behaviors (time waited before taking children to care) .Food Prices Food Purchase: supply and demand statistics, food price information .Women’s Workload Maternal Energy Use: women's BMI, micronutrient status, weight gain, time spent on rest, during pregnancy, birth weight .Women’s Time Use Care Capacity: time spent on farm/non-farm labor, time spent on child care (hygiene, interaction, play time), feeding practices (frequencies, kinds and quantities of food fed to children, styles of feeding), .Women’s Control of Income Resource Allocation: the amount of income controlled by women, difference between women’s priority purchase needs versus men’s, women and children’s food intake versus men (sequence, variety and quantity)