Integration of wind and solar in Lillgrund offshore wind farm

Samer Al-Mimar02/06/2015

- Facts about Lillgrund: 48 offshore wind turbines Power: 2.3 MW / wind turbine 110 MW of installed power Annual production of about 330 GWh, which provides electricity

to more than 60,000 homes Distance to the Swedish coast, about 7 km south of the Öresund

Bridge Wind turbines total height of about 115 meters up to the wing tip The rotor diameter of 93 meters Wind speed 6-16 rpm per minute Investment cost around 1.8 billion

Park layout

Infrastructure and cables ready to be used when the wind turbine productions are less in summer time and solar radiation is high.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

Wind Production KW

Lillgrund farm could produce power from other sources (Solar and Wave) to improve the production and reduce the influence of power production from wind farm.

Japan offshore solar plant 13,000 terawatts of electricity per year.

Learning from the best:

Total available areaZero tilt capacity = 443 Gw30 ֯ tilt capacity = 310 Gw

Solar Production 350 Gwh/year

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000

Solar production KW

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

Solar production KWWind Production KW Total KW

Total production

Special requirement at lillgrund

Frameless panels. High-density polyethylene structure. Solid base between turbines stand over

concrete pillar. The suggested types of foundation are:• Floating base made of polyethylene.• Concrete base with fixed foundation.• Floating base with damper on edges to slow

down the foundation vibration. Solar inverters to be installed next to wind

turbines.

All materials shall comply with environment condition and requirements.

Shade effects on solar array:

Soft shade• The current drops proportionally to the reduced

irradiance.• Voltage would be the same as long as there is

enough light (~50W/m2).• The temperature and the electron band gap control

the voltage of the PV cell.Hard shade• If the cell fully shaded then no current will move

out of the cell, and the voltage will breakdown.

PV cell with different types of shades.

Shade effect on module and the effect on the IV curve.

Calculation method:The effect of shadow from wind turbine

on solar panelsSolar panel and solar inverter:Solar panel: E19/320, with a total panel conversion efficiency of 19.6 %. Solar Inverter: (SINVERT 2000 MS TL) with efficiency ˃ 98% and 1000V system voltageSimulation program: (PV SYST).Project location: The site location Latitude / 55, 22 and longitude 12, 21.The solar simulation variant dates: between 01/01/1990 until 31/12/1990.The wind power production: avarage of years (2011/2012/2013)

30 ֯ Tilt panels:

Shading calculation:

System design:Active area= 1280763 m²Active shading area =1261200 m²

Integrated solar & wind power.

Month Wind 3 yrs. Avg Mw/h Solar El-Grid Mw/h Total Mw/h

Jan 31488.7 4062.7 35551.4Feb 31123 8333.8 39456.8Mar 31302.7 15621.8 46924.5Apr 16819.7 26582.5 43402.2May 23950 33654.9 57604.9Jun 21609.7 31976.7 53586.4Jul 17790 34224.6 52014.6

Aug 18043 28954.12 46997.12Sep 27400 18606.34 46006.34Oct 32978.3 10845.34 43823.64Nov 29287.7 5040.8 34328.5Dec 42979.7 2695.5 45675.2

Total 324772.5 220599.1 Mw/h

Integrated solar & wind power.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

WindAveg Mw/hEl-Grid Mw/hTotal Mw/h

Examples of daily solar and wind integration.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24050

100150200

Spring Equinox 20/Mar

S-Production MW W-Production MW Total

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24-500

50100150200250

Summer Solstice 21/Jun

S-Production MW W- Production MW Total

Examples of daily solar and wind integration.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24-200

20406080

100Autumn Equinox 23/Sep

S-Production MW W-Production MW Total

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24020406080

100120140

Winter Solstice 21/Dec

S-Production MW W-Production MW Total

Results and conclusions:

1. Increase the stability of power production during summer time and other fluctuations.2. Increasing the total produced power around the year.3. Utilize the investment in power transmission components to carry higher energy productions with minimum extra costs.4. Increase the wind farm life and lower the maintenance cost when shutdown the wind turbine during the summer time.5. The near shading factor for 0 ֯ tilt solar panel systems are less than 30 ֯ tilt solar panel system Because the massive solar cells area.6. The total produced power from wind farm is 324,773 Mw/h per year and from solar farm is 220,599 Mw/h at 30 ֯ tilt per year and totally provide 545,372 Mw/h (545,372 Gw/h) per year.

Thank You ….

Except Mutaz ....