FINAL EXAM REVIEWCMUN 1A

WHAT IS COMMUNICATION? The deliberate or accidental transfer of

meaning “Did you see how he looked at me?”

Communication occurs whenever someone observes or experiences behavior and attributes (attaches) meaning to that behavior

Communication is our link to the rest of humanity Communication is a dynamic, always changing

process You cannot not communicate

WHAT DO THE TERMS CONTEXT AND CONTEXTUAL MEAN? Context: Contextual:we behave appropriately in a given

situation or environment

a situation, environment

WHAT IS THE SELF IMAGE? It is the person you perceive yourself to be! It is made up of messages sent by others, and

how you experience yourself within the world at large

WHAT ARE OUR THREE BASIC NEEDS? Inclusion – the need for social contact and

relationships Control – the need to establish and maintain

satisfactory levels of influence and power in relationships

Affection – the need to give and receive love and experience emotionally close relationship

WHAT DISTANCE DO YOU USE WHEN COMMUNICATING WITH SOMEONE YOU KNOW BY FACE, BUT NOT WELL? Intimate Personal Social Public

Answer

Social

WHAT ARE FIGURES OF SPEECH? Expressions used in a nonliteral fashion

WHAT ARE ANALOGIES? Analogies are an extended simile that

clarifies an unfamiliar concept

HOW IS LISTENING DIFFERENT FROM HEARING? Hearing is automatic

No conscious effort Listening is a deliberate process

Acquired complex skills Who we are affects what we listen to

WHAT ARE THE FIVE LEVELS OF LISTENING AND WHICH TAKES THE LEAST/MOST EFFORT?

UNETHICAL LISTENERS Fraudulent – pseudolisteners (nodders) Monopolistic – always want to be listened to, but

never want to listen Completers – fill in missed gaps with

manufactured information Selective – zero in only on parts that interest them Avoiders – close their ears to information they’d

rather not deal with Defensive – assume others are criticizing Attackers – wait for you to make a mistake

WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS USED IN PUBLIC SPEAKING? Multimedia Objects Models Photographs Graphs/diagrams

A HISTORY BOOK WRITTEN ON WWII IS A primary source A secondary source

Answer

A secondary source

WHAT IS MONROE’S MOTIVATED SEQUENCE? Attention Need Satisfaction/Solution Visualization of benefits/solution Action/support proposal

WHAT ARE ARISTOTLE'S 3 PROOFS? ETHOS: Speaker Credibility

No conscious effort Goodwill Character

LOGOS: Logical Appeal/Reasoning Drawing conclusions from evidence Inductive vs. Deductive

PATHOS: Emotional Appeal Appeals to the listeners’ needs, wants, desires, etc.

TRUE/FALSE All kinds of human responses not spoken are

called nonverbal communication?

Answer

True

WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE COMMUNICATION MODEL? – DEFINE EACH

TRUE/FALSE MYGLO: is an acronym for “might you get

limited opportunity”

Answer

MYGLO: is an acronym for “my eyes glaze over”

TRUE/FALSE Chronological order divides material into a

series of appropriate topics

Answer

False

Develops an idea or problem in the order in which it occurred

TRUE/FALSE Cause/Effect order gives ideas in a

cause/effect manner

Answer

False

Divides material into a series of appropriate topics

TRUE/FALSE Spatial order describes things geographically

Answer

False

Describes an object, person or phenomenon as it exists in space

ORDERING YOUR IDEAS Chronological order

Develops an idea or problem in the order in which it occurred

Spatial order Describes an object, person or phenomenon as it exists in

space Cause-and-effect order

Categorizes a topic according to its causes and effects Problem-and-solution order

Determines what problems are, and presents solutions Topical order

Divides material into a series of appropriate topics

DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS:Attitude, Belief, ValueAttitude: A learned predisposition

Response favorable/unfavorable Our likes and dislikes change easily Our beliefs or values harder to change

Belief: The degree of confidencePerception of true or falseHighly central a beliefs hard to change

Value: An enduring conception of right or wrong, good or badLeast likely to change over time

WHICH IS THE LEAST LIKELY TO CHANGE OVER TIME

Answer

Value

NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Message Reinforcement

Message Negation

Message Substitution

Message Accentuation

Message Regulation

Nonverbal communication is perpetual and, frequently, involuntary

WHAT IS THE TERM/S USED TO DESCRIBE OUR USE OF UNNECESSARY WORDS IN THE COMMUNICATION OF IDEAS? Speech fillers Non-fluencies

What is: Jargon Slang

WHAT IS A PARALANGUAGE? Paralanguage – vocal cues that accompany

languagePitch

Habitual pitchVolumeRatePauses

NonfluenciesSilence

WHAT ARE THE FOUR DISTANCES WE USE TO COMMUNICATE? Distances

Intimate: 0-18 inches Personal: 18 inches to 4 ft. Social: 4 to 12 ft. Public: 12 ft. to limit of sight

HOW DO WE USE SPACE TO COMMUNICATE? Spaces

Informal: highly mobile and can be quickly changed Semifixed-feature: the use of objects to create

distance Fixed-feature: relatively permanent objects to

define the environment around us