Filling defects

• Intraluminal lesionA lesion that lies within

the bowel lumen and is entirely surrounded by barium.

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Fig. shows Duodenal carcinoid

Extra luminal lesion

• Arises from outside + compresses the bowel.

• Causes narrowing from one side only.

• Forms a shallow angle with the bowel wall.UNIT VII 2

Strictures

• Annular narrowing

1. Benign esophageal stricture (without shoulder).

2. Malignant.UNIT VII 3

Ulceration • Injury of the

mucosal surface which becomes visible when the crater الحف&&&&&رة filled with barium.

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Esophagus• The patient swallows Ba

paste.• The flow is observed on

T.V. monitor films are taken.

• With the esophagus full to show esophageal wall and to follow the passage of Ba.

• With the esophagus empty to show the mucosal folds.

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Barium swallow

Esophageal abnormalities (lesions)

• Configurationally changes.

• Filling defects.• Ulcerations.• Diverticulae.• Strictures.

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Configurationally changes• Displacements Due to mass in

the chest or the mediastinum.

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• Motility disorders

1. Tertiary contraction

Non propulsive contraction waves not occurring in an orderly fashion.

• Corkscrew esophagus

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2. Achalasia of the cardia

• is an esophageal motility disorder involving the smooth muscle layer of the esophagus and the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). It is characterized by incomplete LES relaxation, and lack of peristalsis of the esophagus (inability of smooth muscle to move food down the esophagus) in the absence of other explanations like cancer or fibrosis.

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Filling defects

• Benign lesions.

• Malignant lesion.

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Inflammatory Polyps of the Esophagus

A polyp: is an abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane.

Strictures• Corrosive in the upper

part (benign).• Peptic in the lower

part.• Malignant.

Corrosive stricture

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Diverticular disease

• Sac branching out from the esophagus mainly seen in the thoracic portion of the esophagus.

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e.g. Zenker diverticulumMouth is continuous with the diverticulumSo the food is stored in it.

Stomach and Duodenum

• The patient comes fasting before the exam 6 hours.

• Barium meal (not so fluid not so solid) involves coating the lining of a stomach, which has been distended with gas

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