1 ]A CRUZ, Fr~~cis JrHA13 186 982SUBJECT: Request for Separation as Conscientious Objector (Cont;

(3) Participation in Organizations

(a) I have never before been a member of any mi.Li t ary orGa;.i:~-at ion or establishment.

(:) )believe religion to be

I 0:" no t a hie.Sbe r of any religious sect orof a deeply per s ona l and private nature.

()rl;&Ylizatio~: •

(c) 'f,le only other orGanizations to wh i cn I h avo oel(l{IL:;-J ::(.O.\{O

been a Little League baaaba.l I t eara in Palls Church, Virginia, in 1<;156, f or ,::;,~(;,.I p1a;yed trlird base, and the Kaisers1autern, Germany, Community 'lh€i-..;r, for ';;;,ic;--,I did set construction and other work, and provided mus i oal, acc cmpanimcn t f'o r pl<".JGfrom Sept 64 to l'!ia.r 65.

(4) The following people can attest to my sincerity i,j tne ;;;c.i;ter(listed by name, occupation, ~idress, and relationship):

(a) Sp4 Roger ':1. Anderson, US J...rmy, 7th Amy eelS ..:1:;':New York 09046, friend.

(b), lilissWendy Sibbison, student, 3840 Lo.rcorn L"cJie, AI~

--,.____~ \.1

Virginia, friend'J

Virginia, friend(d) i;;r. Dale l!:. Stewart, student, 712 Bi Ltrnore .. .•

Nevad a , f'zi end(e) Mr. Robert F. E.."lgs, student teacher', iri.{lco-::·'.-,

Schools P".:ogram, P;'."inceton Un i.ver s i t;y, Princeton, New JersGY, f'r ie..«(f) C',,:,) (Capt) :Bernard J. Patterson, Arr;i'.! Cc...:;;;o=-::'c

Hq Sp 'i'...r'p s ~, ...•US A:my, A?0 New York 09046, spiritual counse Ll or .

.:': i,_ ·~·'0

"":-\.JJ. ~ .. "

2. I nave been in t~~·~~.army for nearly tV10 and a half y ear c , ~·'.I ·.:n:::·_~-v._expires 5 20b 66, and I :ul~y realize that I could easily r i.dc GC:" -:;; r e . .~-\vitli li t t Io d Lf'f i.cu l t.", l:),,·~:L·;l&;-,)G even be granted an early release tr, .,.':..:or~\': .~,~.}~O-;.-t2VGr, Ln li0"'~'_' of the sudden fusion wi thi.n me of a lot of f~i:v~~::;·:. .:_y _.'..~~,-._a deep and uncomp romi.s ing belief in nonviolence as taught, and co::':":::':"" S::::') .,'.I can be (lfno further use to the army, and cilently serving ~he Ye0~ ofmerit could oe pardoned neither by my conscience or by Jesus Chr i s t .

.. ~~..,; ,

1 Incl1. DA For m 19-24

f~C16/~ocr- .Sp4 E4, R.A 13 18(:. 9327th Army eCIS Unit1~0 US Forces 09046

'?-----------------------------------~-" ,-,-------'---(PERSONNEL ACTION ~l dnc ::.';" l

~~~~~~--------------~--~(A-R~3~4~O-~175~)------------------------------L-----------!'FILE REFERENCE SUBJECT l

I,~

TO:Commanding Officer7th JUwy CCIS UnitAPO US Forces 09046

(fROM: ~ . ', 0p4 .8L; Fr-anc i.a au Cl'U~

7b ).rmy eelS Un itAJ\j US Forces (J9G/~6

INR I

1

IPROUSS ING 4CT IONS

1. Under the prova saone of 1\..R 635-20, I request to be separ e.t.ecmilitary servioe for reasons of conscientious objection.

a. 'l'he following information :;"8 submi tted in ac coro ar.ce w; t;l

A.-{ 635-20.

(1) General Information:

(a)~b<,,0 I(d)(e)(f)

Fu Ll, name: Fr anc i s d a Cruz Jr.j,;ili tary service number: )tI. 13 7f36 ge2Selective service number: 44-~-4~-919Service address: 7th Army CCI~:l k,::' i U\Permanent home address: 3111 1':. 2Ct;, ~.:Schools attended: (name, location, o a ;« __

,-. ~-j~C\': . or. -,,... .

i.j>·.~'.!..)

I I~

1. Chesterbrook .c.;lementary Sohool, FalLc ~r.., en IE, .•Sep 51 - Jun 56, publicWilliamsburg Junior Hi{;h 3ch(,>01, ArL,;c ., " ..Sep 56 - Feb 59, publicFrankfurt American Hign ;~choo1, ',·'r['•.ni:::i\'; 1 "•• ,. .:;':']',<c "l~{ar·59 - Jun 61, American OVerS8L'L.S do::·e:',,-_.,·:-.lt ~:C~'l(ln~

Yorktovm high School, Arlin;:,:ton, 'h...Sep 61 - Jun 62, publicUniversi ty of Virginia, Cha.i-Lo t tcav i Lz-. , c••Sep 62 - Jan 63, state un Ivar ai.t.y

2.

2.-

.1.

2-

" (6) Except for military service, I have hel~ O"~J or;, ,;,,-.-,.was a clerk for the Central Intelligenc,e Agency in i'iashington .0C ,-,-'L ",,, vr , ~.c <,,~

1962.

(h) I have lived at the following a:::'jresses:

1- Nov 44 Jan 46: 312 19th s~ ~.'~ ~'-l '/iaf'lil! . '~J:::~- " t''''~t

2. Jan 46 Apr 47: 2304 N G1ebG dC4 ? ~'~r1i:~to;

1- Ap'r 47 Jun 56: 54j3 Kirby Bd, ',,'- 1 ' c- , ' .....TC.l. ••.•, •••• ~ •..••

1- Jun 56 - Feb 59: 4839 1\: 23rd St, •-I.:::L: ':TI

2' Mar 59-- Jun 59: 27 Raimund s tr 8.8 so , .{l i.. ••

Germany6. Jun 59 Jul 61: 2·231 Platens tl'asse, '?:~::"~"u·=_. . ,

Germany

1- Ju1 61 Sep 62 : 4839 N 23rd ~t, 1'"r1inc~·)n,8. Sep 62 }<'eb63: 310 Humphries }lall, Ur.~:_V(-~:..-oj ~ , "

Virginia, Charlottc[iv~.::'le ) ;i

.2.. Feb 63 - Present: us Army

USE PLAIN PAPER FOR CONTINUATION OF COMMElVTS"------------~--------------------,'-".-,-,--,'D A , ~OcR~ ee lOt D AC ... ,_ . .;

L'DA CRUZ, francis Jr.Ri\. 13 7EJ6 9El2SUBJECT: Request for Separation as Cnnscientous Objector (Cont )

(i) Bo th my parents are living. lily father, ;':;:r. r'rar.c i a :".da Cruz, resides at 3111 N 20th St, Arlington, Va. Iv~ymother, Lrs. Vi-,ianda Cruz, lives at 1149 E Carson Apt 1, Long Beach, Calif.

(j) ll'ly mother is a Lutheran. ivly father has no rellCJ.r~i,;0preference.

(k ) I did not apply to the selective service sy s t.em ff):'- (;i<::'::'8-ification as a conscientious objector prior to my entry into the &IT,8.:; r'o.rces ,

(1) I have served more than 180 days on active d1;t;y in th2 ;"l~-i tary service.

(2) ReI ';ious 'l'raining and Delief:

(a) I

(b) I believe in an essentially Chri sti an God, CL(,C 1. ".i __

Jesus Christ, who has tnld us, "Ye have heard that it hair. been sa ic , 1.:-; .<,T.;eye, arid 8. too th for a tonth: But I say unto you, 'l'hat ,.~ r ea i s t not ::cvil;whosoever' shu Ll, smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him tne o thc i LlJ,.C.;"

IIYe have hea.rd that it hath been sai d , 'l'hou shalt love th~ n8i['~ll,o}~: '.'.1.. : •. 'i"'r.:'Ti"·" "" l T ::;:". ;]11+'-: :',,,,, T '"c,'.~ V0)]1" ~;-:r>'11~ ".~ '01- "R;:; t.ll"P' n"~1r ;:;'."~.'c •••.:::l..J.j. -J ••••••v ~ "-UJ l •.•..•.v •......· J{)I.,.4, J.J{J'ie J',)lA..- e.dt;;h, ..•.•C...;, c~:.:" .• .:;.0.1 " •.1c::L.1 ·~·,,_1 ... _.. J .;:_~,

them that hate you," "But love ye your enemies, and do good, ant'! Lcn.. , ;";,()T'~"

nothing agai n ; arid you:r reward shall be great, and ye shall be tht; c;:',ld:..·· ;.':Highe st ; for he is kind unto the urrthankf'u L and. to the evil," and w .. in 'c"-,

were the greatest commandments, answered that the first was ttl love I';,'/i :l~)OVC

else "and the second is like, namely this, Th0U shalt love t11Yneii~';~l-::;T ::"3 -~.-:.~:-.:;._:_~..:" •

'l;here is .none other commandment greater than these," ami "He that [',:':;':.'J. ;"",-'.' ,l~r-

ments and keepeth them, he it is that loveth me." I f'e e L t.ha t it a s ;::Y ,,.~;.;i.<,( ~",

obey his words, even at the risk of being regarded as unpa t r.i ot ic or ev..:n>"',·_·_'-~for I feel that his words transcend tile laws of mankind, tha.t his Lov e r., ....,:.".. .:..::does not know national boundaries;' I believe that service to one IS u·'..ln',:: ..·,much as it serves the interests of only a certain group of people, n::(;" . ,L .. ,J ---

pense of another group, is a disservice to humanity as a wnoLe. I fl-:·t:.,~~· ,) ::.:':<:':0that the human body is sacred, and is not rnean t to be sacrificed 'b:1 .. :,: ':.·~,)s..:..m,:;and mi1l1ions in the furtherance of national aims, whether by po Li.tical ',;_-,i..:; .-',"- ::'::pursui t of even the highest ideals. An ideal, no matter how Doole 01.' c;,:; ..:,:t".:.,~",attained through violence and killing, has been defiled through the Ln:~~.~'. ~;C;,.;-_,,"its realization. I believe that there is a peaceful solutio;") to .?ve:-y r.,: ,-,J::',~;,.

I have studied the works of many of the world's religions, <:;10 I h;;.'/(; i'("ni(~

t.hat nearly all of them stress nonviolence and love of one's f oLiov. :1G.l'I. J<:'.,,,

very similar to Christ's in spirit are to be found, for Lns tunc c , ',:, ~,i';2 ",~,~<-::;:: -.'the !.';ohists, of th~f01jrth century jlC in China. Mo Tzu enumera t.ec -::.. ~;r0G.t :,~_:of the vror Id . "attacks on small states by large orie s , Lnroads or. ,;;;.""L. .. L:;.;::'l~""by large ones, plunder of the W8a.;( by tile strong, oppression of t;10 :03'0'; '.J'./ c~!,,:many, deception of the simple by the cunning, and disdain t0w<.i.Ld; ..o Gl~:.·~)=-ehonored: these are the harms of the world." When thin,~s, however . 8.rc~vS :',,c/should be, "one .i.G as much far other states as for his ovm; one is .~~ ;"e,;::;; ;,'nl '

families H8 for hi o own. 'fherefore, if the princes love one ario tr.er , then? ':i.::.-.

do believe in a supreme being.

1 DA CHUZ, F:cmcis Jr. 21 s.: C)

R.~ 13 786 982SUBJECT: .-(equest for Separation as Consc i en t i ous Gbject0:C (C0nt)

no war. If the ministers love one another, there will be no riot. ..::f :-:}(;11 loveone another, there will be no plunder 0 •• Consequently, there \'1i 1], be no ~"[i.I';-;; inthe world, for all men will love one another." Tne rrao Teh Kir'G, of ex, cv:;:.earlier period in China, contains the same' feelings: "The more sharp ·ie<:';)OL:~

there are, the more benighted will grow the land;" "He that works t:'Tn~;{Sh ,,:';',;-lence may get his way, but only what stays in its place can endure;" "J;(~ '11'''':

delights in slaughter of men will never get what he looks fOT out of ~vnnse t::e.,cdwell under heaven. A Lost that has s l.a i.n men is received wi tl. ,;::iC'.:f.' ,ir;d L.C)C;L:'

he that has conquered in battle is received with rites of r.lolu'ni;l,;."'1'he basic principles of behavior toward one's f'e Ll ow raan erabodi ed in the' ':::-

ligions of the ;'fcf3t, of Europe and Asia, and of other areas of tl.e w::clC::·:;,-r,/~,,:,~.a way for all the people of the world to live together in pe ac o ",,',. ':ut"",J, .:: •rather than f'ol Lowi ng political and military leaders, peopLe fa::'::". ;':;'.; jj,,(':'~ ;ous beliefs and tL.c near t s and communi cat ed wit h one another, (-.'.J.~_ -:'0:::-0,. "J,.; tna twe now seek to avert (by meeting force or potential force with rr:o':'" .~ ·:.IlC' ;;;-.;,;,; ,;could be easily and finally ended.

I believe that any step in this direction, however small, is C:,,:LCicc..:j·;;step toward peace, brotherhood, and universal love; in short, teViS". tr., :::c,,':.v,,:..:~"onof mankind. I believe that even the most seemingly insignificaL(; i}':.: eU}"; ., :,:; t

the mo.raas of mi.sunder atunda.ng , distrust, prejudice, nat.r ed , vi oLcnc c , D.,:,; [)ler"

shed in which we live today, by anyone who reCOGnizes rhe vr1.n.il1snes:J .':.' :'1; 'ill, _"not only :cightt tt :j,.s n@©§§s<U'y~ Christ cornrnands it.

'J..'11earmy consists. of combat troops and support eLement.s . COL,Q;, t>"J:'.~ u ..c~.

Support elements make it possible for them to kill wi t.h the gTE:a.tt:.' v2fL "ciu~c:..l..2hesupport elements are as much, if not more, in def i rmce nf Gn,;' 2.:':,1;,;-:"'",·

combat troops. I fhe ref'or e state my wish to be entirely dLsas so cis. .. l v .• "whoLe system, and state that in a.ny event, I will not bear arms &".c:.:;,t:J .. c: .,

man. I will not kill and I do not wantit upon my conscience tl~a.',; _ :;8... .C

others to kill.

(c) Nfy beliefs were formed through t.eac rn.ng , OC-:;-':::'i:.i( "."

reading, and meditation. I received training in the basic Christi an )::"as a child in church and Sunday school, and from my parents and eJ.c;:c:::::,.cnildhood I have observed with shock and disbelief the r ernarkab ly U;l-CIL' -:-.("

in v[[J.ich "Christians" often tend to treat their fellows. 'L'his holds t ru <) ..

ber s -of other faiths as well. Since I was raised in a rniLatary conm.m imore di~fi~u1t s= me .,J2 form any definite opinions on w?rl~ ~fairs the.,\; ":have coi.nc ided with t£.Iz what I had been taught about Chr-Lsta an.i ty , ,Jecal.S, -'- <.-,

simultaneously taught, as are all Americans, that whatever we, as Ar:Wc:-iC.:l:1S/JOis right; that God is on our side. However, in travelling, I have met ::;~o~',lc'all races, of m:::",\), national and religious backgrounds, and f'r on '\'/ experj,2nc"",have found that k;,(.:rica's (and Germ8..YJ.Y's,and Japan's, and Iius s i a ' s , E1lh~ ::;'1':;:,,'_'"

else IS) periodic campaigns against nations or ethnic groups, rcsl;lti.r-,:,.; i;:-~tL-:.death, d isfiguration, imjury, and personal loss of countless :J2;iple ,.rel:e "IC':.~,_.,0. i

. pointless, stupid, and that God is not on anyone's side, but 0;', t:-:.e side :yf:' L.:~mankind, if they would just realize it. Wars are waged on tr,n :~Tj;',c; ')le 'C:i::,.c, ()::,'is somehow better thnn 'one's enemy, and that the enemy, f0T his ir.... or; ty , ,....".-erves to die. National boundaries don't mark a droppine:-o:;-'f ~oi.Dt .(0:( h"r8.nqualities; nor do rivers or oceans or mountains. Christ comma..nd cd us i t o love; oi.r

1 DA CHUZ, Fr811Cis .rr ,RA 13 786 982SUBJECT: Request for Separation as Cnnscientious Ob je c t.o r (C0i1t)

neighhors as our s eLve s , 1ifewere created with physical end owment.s th,iC-t: p',lr,,:: ';::natur a l Iy to construct, to love, to create new life. It:;s ('r;J.;! thr"ilr::-; c"r:;::;,~-;fand avarice that man has invented the tools, alien to his 00rJy, ('.f' dt=stgci:'''Y':and violence, and the men that are responsible for them are r eLa+ ivo Lv ';(~r~T n;:iClJ.Iin number. Those t r.at wish wi tn all their hearts to live peacefully 8.:;J"il(\ t.r,eirbrothers form by far the greatest portion nf the earth IS nonu La+ion ,

I have read a great deal, and have f'ormed r.ly own conclusions. I an, p, ~)::j:;:,J;-:,_

cular admirer of the Rev. Martin Luther King and his me thod s . Dr , Y:in.::J'no:;::+.~ 01'")

'.'that the non vi.oLen t resistance of the early Christians had cor.s t i tilt,:C: a ",('Tr;.J

{offensive of such overriding power that it shook +he Roman ~;mpire. I~mpr:ical~~l,-i::-, tory had taucht that nnnviolence in the form of boycotts and "0:(07.0:3t8 had cn,,"'f"'.:;:'.-

ded the :British monar chy and laid the basis for freeing the cnl·"IJ1j,:'s"rn'-: "l."':S-'::d omfnatd on , V.'it:nin this century, the nonvi oIcrrt ethic of l'ahatr::,'... 1"';';2YY]:i. ~i:>'; <r >

followers had muzzled the guns of the Bri tish Empire in Tnd ia and .!'·:::-ei"c: :,i"T" t:-, b':,three hundred and fifty million peoClle f'rorn colonialism." People ;,;"O'.? 't:-<,(',fighting among 'theraae Lves since the beginning of recorded hi s tor y , a:'.<! ('D.",' :"CC:-,'-plished nothing. There will never be a war to end. all WEU'S, un Les s ':,-':S~·.:?:;iJ.t ~-total annihilation. Zverlasting pe.ace can only be established t.hT')';'~: "".":;,7.>, S":.:-munica tion , nonviolent action aga.in s t injustice, and nass i ve r e s i s tiC:; <~f,.- ":,·-r;~,:,:c-'r.

I have been spurred to. the thought resulting in these conc Iu st i ons Yor '<1,0most part by the daily newspaper s , which fairly reek of examples of ".c,c ,~t.,'..~;;.~i(.'f:commited 'oy men in the n ame of God, Country, nr Cause. ~bp. sLiT.Ie >.-:;+;.'",G0~'f-! 19:'\"1§, "Thr;u {lha.ltnot kill,!I Md willfull killiru-: ann nr:. C1:},C ';his blessing.

" -;-," '

. (d) The individual upon whom I presently rely !:1M' :~rguidance is Chaplain (Captain) Bernard J. Patterson, Hq Sp Trps 7th ':; i:New York 09046. .

.~-..•- -.~ ',' .....•.•--,-

'..

(e) .Por ce may be said to be justified in repelL.n;: J:~' ,.C', c>: -.force were neve:' em;iln;TeQ in the first place, there would never he nec'-'ling it. In my 01YiTliGl1 force between human beings is on l.y justifi€'c:,i:Labout more Good t:,.,::r, harm to the individual upon whom it is emo Loye.t , f'r ;: '", .when. used 1;0 extricate someone against his will from a situation th8.~~111::.," ,;[: I' '.'::',"-

ful to him.

(f) Other than the fact that I have never 1ril1E'C! <:. nl::,,', '-.t::: :Ci~or animal, nor wished to do so, there aye few deeds outstanding in r;,y li:::~•.:- ':';;0':-,

exemplify my beliefs. Since I have only recently crystallized them, I :-,,:,yc:n I~,'>;,-ia great deal of opportunity to put them to much use . My id eas consist Tl:r~~i:::~,;,.~,~:,.'in"not doing" rather than "doing." However, I have held many oonve r sa t ion c :.,',.Jwri tten many letters in attempts to persuade others to my way of thi,.'.dr:~f.

(8) I have notmade my views public, i.e. thrnnp:'I-, 2.'11:' "'2f.CiS ("'."'

mass' communication. '1'hey are in no way unique, and there are far mo re e:~oc;,uentspoke smen for them than r. However, I wouLd not hesitate to conunit U(I{S€ If t.o t.~;e:::publicly.

1 DA CRUZ, Fr~~cis JrRA 13 786 982SUBJECT: Request for Separation as Conscientious Objector (Cont)

(3) Participation in Organizations

(a) I have never before been a member of any mili tar:! oTg:::miz-ation or e s tab l i shmerrt ,

(b) I am not a r;wr:Jber (,Zbelieve religion to be of a deeply personal

SIJy

andrelie:i()I.lS sect or ()rc;:;..~iz;J.tic';·l.private r:a.ture.

(c) The only other. orgar.i.zations to wh i.ch I !:::,v2oelon':";;::>Q navebeer. a Little League baseball t.e an in Palls Church, Virginia, L:. ::">56, f' or ';;,;:"c:;,I played t.n i rd base, and the Ka.iser-s Lauter n , Germany, Communit~r 'F(;ea~;8r, for "'i.Lie;;I did set construction and other work, and provided musical acc ompani.mcnt f'o r ;<'..2..~''''from Sept 64 to I!iar 65.

(4) The f'o Ll.owing people can attest to my sincerity in the ;:,act",:,(listG;~ by name, occupation, address, 8..'1drelationship):

',.-..-"" ,.;...\.f.1.. .•.••.

,<1)09vL;6, f'z iend

('0 )

Sp4 Roger VI. ,b.rldersor., US Army, 7th Army CC::::::u:;:;'·,,;.

Eiss ':iendy Sibbison, student, 3840 Lor com 1<1.,18, jl.)' .·>X

Vir ginit1, frieri.~(0) },i;r. Hichard lvi • .Lam born e, student, aC8 Jum.or ~;:, J,

Vi:fe:;inia, friend(d) la. Dale .8. Stewart, student, 712 Biltmore Dr, A:.S ''''c>'-')

Novad a , friend(e) ifT. Robert F. b:ngs, student teacher, Pr i.ncc t on

Schools Pro grain , Pr inceton University, Princeton, New Jersey, f r i.endU> Chap (Capt) :Bernard J. Patterson, .ArrilyCa'trio l i c

Hq Sp 'i.'rps 7th US AIr!lY, A?O .New York 09046, spiritual counsellor.,'" 1 ~.. _~-; -- .' 'rv~ u. ..J":"c...•...~..

2. I have been in the army for nearly two and a half y ears . i'.;~ 0r:l:.i='=:,;;;·~expires 5 Fc: 66, ar.d I fully realize that I could easily ride out tl',c :;'''(;..·c r;" .~"with li t t Le di.f'f i.c.,1t~r, perhaps even be granted an early relea.se to atterl ... ,However, L, ;..~<;htof the sudden fusion within me of a lot of fra.g::lentc..::y :;..~c;:.a deep z;,::.,~,,:):,omisinG belief in nonviolence as taught, and cocrnanc cd , C\i'

I can be of no f'ur the r use to the army, and silently serving the rest elfment could be pardoned neither by my conscience Or by Jesus Christ.

1 In c,1. DA Form 19-24

f~CR6R00crSp4 E4, RA 13 786 9827th Army eGIS UnitAPOUS Forces 09046