famas f1 manual english

8/3/2019 FAMAS F1 Manual English

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IIIAS

liiiAT 4


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5.56 calibre auto111atic r i f le111anufactured by the

"Groupernent lndustr ieldes Arrnernents Terrestres,


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PageChapter I -General information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Chapter II - Description and operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Chapter Ill- Use in normal conditions................... 18Chapter IV - Use in special conditions ................... 26Chapter V -Jamming and trouble ...................... 27Chapter VI - Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Chapter VII - Parts I st. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Chapter VIII -Table of compined unit components ........ 36


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1 - GENERAL INFORMATION1-1 - Presentation of the equipment1-1-1 - FunctionThe FA-MAS calibre 5.56 is an automatic individual weapon designedfor :- Bullet firing with single shot fire, complete bursts or limited burstsaccording to the position of the firing selector.- A.T., 500 g. grenade firing by means of a sighting rule incorporatedin the protective handle.- A.P., 500 g. grenade firing :

- Curved fire : buttstock placed on the ground, weapon inclinedat 45 or 75 , aiming obtained by means of a vertical fire sightingrule fixed on to the protective handle.- Direct firing :the same as A.T. firing.

1-1-2- Ammunition- 5.56 mm cartridges 0 and T in conformity with NATO standards.-Wi th the 12" twist barrel, the FA-MAS can fire both French ammu-nition (F1 and PPA) and American M193 ammunition. With a 9" twistbarrel the FA-MAS can fire French, Belgian SS 109, and M193 ammunition.- 5.56 bulletless cartr idges fo r 22 mm fin-stabilized rifle grenades.- 5.56 blank cartridges using a sleeve fo r firing blanks.- 5.56 "balplast" cartr idges with speeial kit .1-2 - General description of the weaponThe operating mechanism is an inertia amplifying mechanism.Empty cases are ejected to the right or to the left, according to theconformation of the firer.The line of sight, with single combat backsight, allowsaiming adjustment for elevation and direction - there is also a retractable slidefitted with luminescent spot fo r night firing.The entirely armoured plastic fittings ensure:- Protection of the vital parts of the weapon including the sightingparts.- Effective grasp fo r firing and carrying the weapon.- Protection of the user against firing heat.


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1-3 -Stat ic features- Length:Overall length without bayonet................ . . . . . . . . . 757 mmBarrel and branch length ............... . . . . ........... 488 mmLength of line of sight ............... ................ . 330 mm-Weight :of the weapon without magazine or sling or bipod . . . . . . . . . . 3.610 kgof the empty magazine . . . . . . . . . ........ ........ ...... 0.150 kgof the magazine fitted with 25 cartridges . . . . . . . . ........ . 0.450 kgof bayonet and sheath ........ ...... .................. 0.480 kgof sling ..................................... . . . . . . 0. 1 50 kgof bipod . . . . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ............ . . . . .0.170 kg- Barrel rifling :Number .................................................Screw ........ .......... . . . . ....... .......... . . . . Right-handPitch . . . ..... ................... ..... . . . . 12 ins, i.e., 305 mmoptional pitch ............................. 9 ins, i.e., 228 mm

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1-4 - Performa neeMuzzle velocity of the ammunition Vo : 960 m/sRate of fire : 1000 shots/ min.H + L at 200 metres < 400 mm on a series of 10 cartridges.H + L at 300 metres < 600 mm on a series of 10 cartridges1-5- Operating limits1-5-1 -Temperatures1-5-1-1 - Extreme storage temperature

- 54C+ 71 C1-5-1-2- Extreme operating temperatures- For bu llet f iring

- For grenade firing- 31.5C+ 51.5C

1-5-2 - Barrel wearAvoid firing more than four full magazines ( 100 shots) without lettingthe barrel cool down .Barrel resistance : 10 000 shots, 420 grenades.1-5-3 - Range limits- Bullet firingSingle combat backsight from 0 to 300 metres.- Grenade firingAnti -tank firing: effective combat range= 75 to 100mFlat trajectory firing : A.P. (anti-personnel) effective combat range=100mVertical firing A.P. at 45

1-5-4 - Perforations1-5-4-1 - Ammunitions90% perforation 3.5 mm mild

Ammunitions steel plateF1 355mPPA 584m

55109 625 m(9 ins)1-5-4-2 -Grenades

min : 140mmax: 360mmin : 70 mmax: 180m

7 mmarmour plate

100m210m180m

AT 58 anti -tank grenades (80% probability)- 250 mm of armour plating at oo incidence- 130 mm of armour plating at 600 incidenceAP -AV model F1- 100 mm of armour plating at oo incidence

15 mm lightalloy plate

140m326m273m


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1-5-5- Grenade firingVo grenade 65 m/ s fo r a grenade mass of approximately 500 g.1-6 - Safety rules specific to the weapon described1-6-1 - During transportIf the weapon is loaded, ensure that the safety catch is effectively inthe "safety" position.

1-6-2- Before firingEnsure :- that the firing pin and the cocking lever are in proper order,- that the barrel is perfectly clean ; in particular, under operatingconditions which may involve a risk of filling with water, take theprecaution of opening the breech and tilting the weapon downwardsto release any water,that the cheek-rest is on the opposite side to ejection .- t ha t the weapon is positioned fo r ejection towards the ground (inthe case of curved firing of A.P grenades).1-6-3- During firing- Do not put the hand beetwen the protective handle and the cockinglever slot.- Self-ignition : Maximum allowable rate 150 shots in 2 minutes.1-6-4- After firing- When the magazine still contains ammun1t1on : put the safety catchback to the safety position.- When the magazine is empty : make sure that the chamber is emptyof any ammunition.

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2- DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION2-1- DESCRIPTIONThe rifle is made up of 9 main parts :1 -The "rifle body" , itself made up of the following components-Barrel -Breech casing -Cocking mechanism -Stock -Tube sub-assembly.2-The mobile assembly3-The mechanism unit4 -The stock fitted with the cheek rest5 -The protective handle6-The magazine7-The sling8 -The two branches of the bipod9 - The bayonet

2-1-1-Rifle body unit t a c k - breech casing -cocking mechanism-barrel)The splined chamber ba rrel is fixed to the light alloy breech casing.This barrel and cas!ng assembly forms the basic structure of the weapon ,on to which are fixed 5 non-removable assemblies :1 - The sub-assembly comprising outer tube and sighting apertures2 - The foresight support3 -The cocking mechanism4 -The stock5 - The grenade inserting ring ,and 5 removable assemblies :1 - The mobile assembly in the T-slideway.2 - The mechanism unit fitted by pinning to th e rear of the magazinecasing.3 - The stock fitted by pinning to the front of the magazine casing.


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4 -The magazine fitted by means of a hook fixed to the front of themagazine casing.5-The protective handle which is fixed to the outer tube sub-assemblyby centring on the main spring rod fixture nu t and by pinning to theringsight unit.2-1-1-1- The outer tube sub-assemblyThis sub-assembly is screwed on to the barrel and incorporates :- The cocking system fitted by fastening to the main spring guiderod.- The stock fitted, by centring on the stock spacer on the forwardhoop of the outer tube.- The r ingsight unit, fitted by means of the ringsight unit screw, spring,pointer and elevation screw ; these 4 parts are provided fo r adjustingthe line of sight elevation.

2-1-1 -2 -The cocking mechanismThe mechanism comprises :- The cocking lever which closes the mobile assembly on to the cocking lever stop.-The spring tube, sealed and lubricated fo r life, which contains themain spring and ensures the connection between the cocking lever andthe mobile assembly.2-1-1-3- The stockThe stock is fitted on to the breech casing by crimping a cylindricalliner and on to the outer tube sub-assembly by centring the stockspacer on the forward hoop of the outer tube.The stock incorporates :- The selector plate fo r trigger guard adjustment.-The trigger and firing selector: single shot, burst, safety .- The trigger guard arch.- The pistol grip which is hollow and closed at the bottom by a hin-ged cover, so that i t can be used to contain cleaning (oiler) or spareparts.

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2-1-1-4- The f oresight supportThis part is fitted to the barrel by pinningand incorporates:- The foresight consisting of a spring bladewhich allows line of sight direction adjustment.- The retractable slide with luminescent spotfo r night firing.

2-1-1-5- The grenade inserting ring- This part allows variation of the muzzle velocity of rifle grenadeswith a flash suppressor sleeve with an external diameter of 22 mm .(curved firing).- At maximum insertion, it enables rear centring of the bayonet.2-1-2- The boltThe bolt comprises :- The added mass which enables hooking of the bolt to the spring tubethrough a sliding pin fixed to the latter part .- The breech bolt with central ejector, designed fo r ejection to the rightor to the left by reversing the extractor and the plug after dismantlingthe bolt.- The firing pin.- The delayed blow-back lever.

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9 19 18 27

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2-1-3- The mechanism unitThis unit is made up of a plastic shell containing the trigger and hammer mechanisms, as well as th e burst limiter, controlled by a switchsituated under th e unit.

23 16 2 4 3 15 11 13 14

= - - - t - - - T - _____1

21 29 26 24 25 22 8 5 Diagram 1

2-1-4- The stock and cheek restThe plastic stock has a rubber recoil mechanism and incorporates theshock absorber mechanism in its upper part.The cheek rest is fitted to th e right or left of th e stock depending onwhich side has been selected by th e firer fo r ejection.2-1-5 - The protective handleThe plastic part protects th e sighting parts:- Against accidental dropping of the weapon or shocks, and offers aneffective grasp fo r transport.It incorporates :- The sighting rule fo r vertical firing of grenades at 45 and 75-The retractable rule for direct firing of grenades- The bipod articulations.

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2-1-6 - The magazinesThe weapon takes a 25 bullet cartridge magazineand a single propellent cartridge magazine(for firing grenades).The 25 cartridge magazine has a steel frame, ashoe-plate, a follower spring and a plasticfollower plate.

2-1-7- The universal sling

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The sling is made of synthetic material, and comprises a long beltwith a hooking device at on e end and a short belt fitted with a mobileslide. The width of th e sling may be adapted to th e morphology ofth e user, and allows th e weapon to be carried in several differentways: over the shoulder, on the back, on th e stomach.

2-1-8 - The bipodThe bipod comprises two independent branches with plastic base,which are attached to th e ar t iculations fitted to the protective handle.It has two positions :- transport- u ti li sa ti on


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2-2- OPERATION2-2-1 - Operating principleThe action of gas on the breech head through th e case causes thebackward movement of th e breech. Opening is delayed by th e inertiaamplifying system (Type AA 52 and AA F1).2-2-2 - Closing and loading mechanismBackward movement (diagrams 2 and 3)- The amplifying lever, under the breech bolt thrust and by the actionof the two lower arms on th e receiver bearing surface, pushes back theadded mass with a speed increased by th e amplifying ratio.- The angular stroke of the lever is 45 and during this rotation th efollowing operations are effected :

- Firing pin withdrawal.Extraction by means of the extractor fitted to th e right or th eleft according to the firer's preference.

- After complete rotation of the lever, the backward movement ofthe bolt is effected for each of these parts at the same speed and thecompression of th e main spring takes place throughout the backwardmovement.- A new car tr idge is presented when th e breech has moved backbeyond the magazine casing.- At the end of the backward stroke, the bolt's surplus energy isabsorbed by the shock absorber, which it compresses over a maxi mum stroke of 25 mm.

/''"" 1

j_ __ __ "' __- - --- --- -- - -

'L _ __ ~ Forward movement :The movement is actuated by th e main spring trigger and includes :- Introduction of a new cartridge by breech thrust on to the base ofthe cartridge presented during th e backward movement,- Closure of the breech which causes the extractor claw to engage th ecase groove and compression of th e ejector spring,- Complete closure of th e bolt, ensured by the backward movement of the added mass, which brings th e amplifying lever back to thevertical position, by pushing the top of its upper arms.Closure is considered "complete" when th e cocking lever has movedbeyond th e cocking lever stop.

Diagram 2

Diagram 3


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5

Diagram 4

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4

Diagram 5

Diagram 6

4 11

Diagram 7

2-2-3 - Trigger and firing mechanismThe trigger mechanism is of the so -called "escaping cam" type. (Seediagram 1 page11).2-2-3-1 - Firing selectors- The weapon has two selectors :

- The firing selector, located at trigger level,- The 3-shot limited burst selector, situated on the underside ofthe mechanism unit.

- This configuration is explained by the fact that the conventionalhammer and trigger mechanisms (single-shot firing and firing in bu rsts)are independent of the burst limiter. Thus a failure of the burst l imiterunder harsh operating conditions (mud, sand, ice, etc) does not interfere with operation of the basic mechanism.The following three firing methods may be chosen :

- Semi -automatic :Firing selector on position "1" 1 sho tLimiter selector on position "0" or "3 " (inoperative)- Limited bursts of 3 shots :Firing selector on position "R" burstsLimiter selector on position "3" bursts of shots-AutomaticFiring selector on position "R" burstsLimiter selector on position "0 "

The safety position corresponds to placing of the firing selector on theletter"S" situated on the centre line of the barrel in front of the trigger.

13 14

6

13

2-2-3-2 - Single shot operating modeBy pulling the trigger (28), the connecting rod(14) causes rotation of the sear drive (13) andthe driven sear (11) which frees the hammer(4);see diagram 4.The hammer, under the action of the hammerspring (2), pivots violently around its axis andstrikes the firing pin which causes departureof the shot.Cocking of the hammer is effected during thebackward movement of the bolt, and at the endof its stroke the hammer hooks on to the automatic sear (5); see diagram 5.It is released at the end ofthe forward movementof the added mass by the thrust of the left-handlower beak of the inertia amplifying lever ( 10)on the automatic sear control rod (7); seediagram 6.At this moment, the hammer hooks on to thedriven sear ( 11) and firing is stopped. The interruption of finger action on the trigger releasesthe sear drive (13) from the driven sear ( 11), thelatter ensuring that the hammer is alwayshooked in position ready to fire (diagram 7) .

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2-2-3-3 - Automatic operating modeThis is identical to the single shot operatingmode with regard to the first four paragraphs.Then, since the stroke of the sear drive (13)is longer in th e burst position (diagram 8), th ehammer can no longer hook on to the drivensear (11) and there is firing as soon as th eautomatic sear (5) is clear.Operation stops at the end of action on th etrigger or when th e magazine is empty.

2-2-4- Operation in the limited burst mode- When the limiter is engaged (position 3) andth e finger is pressed on th e trigger, on eachbackward rotation of th e hammer, th e hammerrod (3) causes rotation of the limiter operatinglever (19), the driving-pawl (21) of which causesth e ratchet wheel to make one turn corresponding to the counting of one shot (diagram 9).A retaining catch (20) then engages in th e oppo-site wheel and prevents the ratchet wheel fromreturning to its original position (diagram 10).One shot is counted.- When the hammer performs its stroke to striketh e firing pin, its rod frees the operating lever,which returns to its original position supportedon the hub of th e ratchet wheel (diagram 11).- Counting ofthe following two shots is effectedin this way, and operation of the trigger mechanism during the first two shots is identical tooperation in th e automatic mode.- At the third shot, th e limiter catch (22) stopsth e hammer at the end of its backward movement, hooking it on to the lower catch of th ehammer (4) (diagram 12/ . This hooking is effected by rotation of th e ratchet wheel cam,which on the third shot causes pivoting of thelimiter catch.Firing is interrupted, and it is th e release offinger pressure on the trigger (28) which releasesthe limiter catch in two stages :1 - Release of the driving-pawl (21) and retaining catch (20) by rotation of the uncoggingpart (23), the latter rotation being actuatedby th e backward movement of the connectingrod (diagram 13).2 - Return of th e ratchet wheel ( 18) to its original position under th e action of its springwhich, by rotation of th e cam, also effects th ereturn of the limiter catch to its normal position(diagram 13).The hammer can then catch on to th e drivensear ( 11).

Diagram 8

5 11

Diagram 9

21 20 18 23 22

3 4

Diagram 10

19 20 21 18 22

Diagram 11

19 3

Diagram 12

22 4

Diagram 13

22 21 18 29 22


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Diagram 14

Q7 r-,,~ . . . ' :, . 1 a

2-2-5 - Weapon safety- All th e weapon's safety functions are ensuredby th e delayed blow back lever (diagram 14).1 -The backward movement of the firing pin :if th e bolt is no t completely closed and th ehammer drops, it sends th e firing pin againstthe delayed blow back lever and firing of thecartridge in th e chamber cannot take place dueto th e lack of a projecting boss.-The backward position of th e firing pinproduced by rotation of th e delayed blow backlever avoids accidents du e to the inertia movements of the firing pin, when closing.2 - Control of the automatic sear: See section2-2-2 Forward movement, third paragraph.This system offers two safety functions:-The hammer cannot drop if th e bolt is not

correctly closed (diagram 6, page 15) .- If th e user, during reassembly, forgets th e

delayed blow back lever, th e automatic searcannot clear and the shot cannot take placebecause th e hammer remains hooked on to th eautomatic sear.

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3- USE IN NORMAL CONDITIONS

3-1 -Preliminary operations and checksSee paragraph 1-6 : Safety instructions concerning th e equipmentbefore firing. In particular, make sure:- for ball cartridge firing, that the cheek rest is on th e opposite sideto ejection.- f o r firing A.P. grenades, that th e weapon is positioned in such amanner that spent cartridges are ejected towards th e ground.- Fo r optimum operational regularity, even under prolonged firingconditions, that th e quantity of lubricant on the moving parts andtrigger mechanism does not exceed the film value required for adequate protection from corrosion.N.B. : Under special conditions of sand or dust storms in desert areas,th e rifle must be dry before firing.3-2 -Operating methods and checks3-2-1 - Ball cartridge firing3-2-1-1 - Use of magazine- Loading a magazine :Two cases:1 -Cartridges supplied in bulk.Insert th e cartridges by pressing them one by one into th e magazine,making sure to place the cartridge base at th e end with th e two smallrear ribs.2- Cartridges supplied on loading clipPlace th e loader supplied with cartridges on th e magazine. Fit th eloading clip to th e loader.Insert th e series of cartridges by pressing th e row of cartridges, withthe thumb.- Unloading a magazineExpel th e first cartridge towards the front by pressing th e base of th ecartridge using the base of another cartridge.3-2-1-2- Inserting th e magazine- Place th e weapon in the safety position (S mark on the firing selector).- Insert th e magazine at an angle in order to engage the rear part ofthe lips of the magazine casing first of all, and tip th e lower part of themagazine towards th e front thereby pushing it into the casing until itclicks into place.3-2-1-3- Removing th e magazine- Place the weapon in th e safety position (S mark).- Press th e magazine hook and pull th e magazine downwards bytilling it slightly towards th e rear of th e weapon.- If applicable, remove any cartridge that may remain in the chamberby manual cocking.

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3-2-1-4 - Manual cocking-Place the weapon in the safety position (S mark).- Grasp the cocking lever with one or two fingers, pull it until thebolt comes up a ~ a i n s t the shock absorber and let it come back to thefront Iwithout accompanying it . I- If the mechanism does no t complete its forward travel (incompleteclosure) due to an excessive amount of impurities (mud, sand, snow,etc.) slight forward pressure has to be exerted on the cocking leverheel in order to complete closure. I f closure is still difficult, check thatthere are no foreign bodies in the barrel or breech.- Depending on the position of the firer, the rifle is cocked by theright hand or the left hand.- Since the rifle does no t have a breech stop, repeat the same operationagain, after each insertion of a magazine.3-2-1-5- Uncocking- Remove the magazine. See 3-2-1-3.- Cock the weapon in order to extract and eject any cartridge whichmight still be in the chamber.- Pull the trigger, taking care to point the rifle in a safe direction.3-2-1-6- Aiming fo r ball cartridge firingThe aiming device offerts three possibilities (2 fo r daylight firing andone fo r night firing).

3-2-1-6-1- Day firing

- With normal light, keep the two flapsof the ringsight closed, the eye-piece diameter is minimum and gives maximumprecision .- In bad light, flip down the front flap,the diameter of the eye-piece is greater.

3-2 -1-6-2- Night firing

- Flip down the two ringsight slide flapsand l ift up the slide located on the frontface of the frontsight support. For ballcartridge firing, i t is necessary to alignthe target, the green luminescent spot(materialising the support), and the twored luminescent spots which appear onthe sighting rule support for direct grenade firing when this sighting rule isfolded back.

3-2-1-7- FiringSemi-automatic firing- Firing selector on position 1. Limited burstselector on position 0. (recommended positionalthough no t compulsory).- Pull the trigger, a single shot is fired. Releasethe trigger. The following cartridges are fired inthe same way until the magazine is empty.

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- For prec1s1on firing, the finger pressure control on the trigger ISfacilitated bv a small boss.Firing in three-shot bursts- Firing selector on position R. Limited burst selector on position 3.- Pull the trigger.- It is very important to pull the trigger home AS FAR AS POSSIBLEand to hold it in this position. If trigger travel is limited, the rifleacts as if it were in single shot firing mode. In such cases, it is possiblethat bursts of only two shots, or even a single shot, will be obtained.- In all cases, the following burst will include three shots if , as speci fied, the trigger is maintained fully pulled , as the burst selector returnsto its initial position as soon as the trigger is released.In automatic firing- Firing selector on position R. Limited burst selector on position 0 .- Pull the trigger home completely.- It is important to maintain the trigger pulled home fo r as long as theburst of firing is to be continued .- To interrupt a burst, simply release the trigger.

3-2-2 - Firing of blank cartridgesThe rifle can be used fo r firing blank cartridges by screwing a blankfiring sleeve to a shutter against the front end of the barrel supported on the rear part of the flash-suppressor. The rifle can then befired under exactly the same conditions as ball cartridge firing : insingle shots, in short bursts of three shots or in long bursts.

IMPORTANT:- Check that the sleeve is always wellscrewed on.- THE USER MUST UNDER NO CIR CUMSTANCES USE THE WEAPON THUSEQUIPPED WITH ORDINARY CARTRID GES OR GRENADE-LAUNCHING CAR TRIDGES.

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3-2-3 - Using the bipodDeployment of the bipod

- Take one leg of the bipod and pull it towards the rear of the rifleuntil i t can swivel .freely around its joint.- Swivel the leg forwards until it clicks into the notch of the requiredposition.- Repeat this operation fo r the second leg.

Folding away of bipod- Give a sharp knock on each leg, which then automatically returnsto the transport position.3-2-4 - Grenade firing3-2-4-1 -Types of grenadeThe FA-MAS 5.56 F 1 can fire all types of 500 g grenades with a findiameter of 22 mm.For example : - anti-tank (AT) grenades,- anti-personnel (AP) grenades,- anti-personnel, anti-vehicle (AP-AV) grenades.

- smoke grenades,- lighting grenades,- practice grenades with passive head.3-2-4-2 - Firing methodsThe FA -MAS is equipped with two sighting systems fo r grenade firing :a) For indirect firing, a twin position sighting rule (45 or 75) :at 45 the effective combat range is between 140 and 360 metresat 75, the effective combat range is between 70 and 180 metres.b) For direct firing, a sight notch sighting rule that is aligned withthe fore sight. There are two positions fo r firing at ranges of 75 and100 metres. Yellow-orange luminescent spots are available for nightfiring.3-2-4-3 - Magazine fo r propellent cartridgesThe rifle can take a special magazine fo r firing propellent cartridges.The magazine holds only one propellent cartridge.Magazines are inserted and removed in the same way as fo r firing ballcartridges.NB : Certain grenades are provided with a bullet trap and the use ofpropellent cartridges is not necessary : with grenades of this type, ballcartridges can be fired immediately after firing a grenade withoutany further manipulation.3-2-4-4- Preparing the weapon fo r grenade firing1 -Place the rifle in the safety position.2- Select the firing system :direct firing or indirect firing.

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3-2-4-5- Indirect firing- Place the grenade inserting ring on the selectedmark corresponding to the distance to be fired.- Orient the anti-personnel sighting rule (seephoto) according to the angle selected (45 or75).- Push the grenade home on the inserting ringuntil the stop is reached.- Pull ou t the grenade safety pin.- Load the magazine with a propellent cartridge.- Take up the firing position, rifle butt onground, ejection side turned towards the ground.- Place the firing selector in the position 1(single shot firing).- Cock the rifle, aim and fire.The rifle can be fired in either the prone or thestanding position, with the butt f irmly supported.

3-2-4-6- Direct firing- Place the grenade inserting ring in maximum position.- Raise the sighting rule in the hand guard casing by pivoting itforwards.- Select the firing distanceMovable carrier in low position :Movable carrier in high position : range of 75 metresrange of 100 metres- Push the grenade home on the inserting ring until the stop is reachedby slightly pivoting the grenade.- Pull ou t the grenade safety pin.- Load the magazine :

a- either special magazine with its propellent cartridgeb- or normal magazine with ball cartridges in the event of grenadeswith built-in bullet trap.

-Take up firing position holding the rifle firmly against the body.- Place the firing selector on position 1 fo r single shot firing.- Cock the rifle.- Aim by aligning the target, the sight holder and the sight notch.-F ire.


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3-2-4-6-1Standing position (see photograph)Hold the rifle f irmly by the pistol grip andbutt, holding it against the body .For a right-handed person, the right handshould hold the pistol grip and the left handthe butt, the rifle being pressed against theright shoulder.The position is reversed for a left-handedperson.

3-2-4-6-2Prone position (see photograph)The rifle is held in exactly the same way asin the standing position .In the prone position, the rifle is supportedon the bipod but the firer must be holdingit f irmly against the body .

3-2-4-6-3Kneeling position (see photograph)Hold the rifle in-the same manner as describedfor standing position .

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3-2-5- Aiming fo r grenade firing3-2-5-1 - Direct fi r ing in daylightT he li ne of sight materia li sed with t he ret ractable sight ing rule mustpass t hrough the f ou r f ollow ing po ints:1 -The eye of th e firer2 - The square notch sight, of t he raised sig ht i ng rule.3 - The normal frontsight .4- Target_3-2-5-2- D irect firing at nightThe line of sight is in this case materialised on the raised sighting ruleby two yellow-orange luminescent spots and on the deployed slideby a green luminescent spot.3-2-5-3 - Indirect firing (daylight only)Identical to direct firing fo r 1, 2 and 4 ; fo r 3 : top of frontsight holder.

3-2-6 - Use of the sling1 - The hooking device of the long belt is placed on its hooking pointlocated on the bipod drum, by successive half-turns.

2- Insert the long belt in the metal buckle with beaks of the smallbelt (beaks upside down).3- Fold over the long belt after threading it through the stock loopand insert in the quick tightening device then through the loop.' )I I


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Use of "shoulder slung weapons"- Hook on the metal buckle by means of its beaks to the hookingring as indicated in the photograph .

" Combat" use- Unhook the metal buckle with beak from the hooking ring .- The metal buckle then slides along the long belt.- Place the weapon slung across the chest.- From this position it is possible to take aim quickly .

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4- USE IN SPECIAL CONDITIONS

- cf. paragraph 1-5 operating limits (page 6)4-1 - Very low temperatures and NBC environ-mentUse of the trigger guard arch- Pull on the part of the arch located on a levelwith the pistol grip so as to release it fromits normal operating position.- Turn through 1800 to set it fo r use at verylow temperatures or NBC environment.Use a lubricant compatible with the operatingtemperature. If not, clean and lubricate withparaffine oi l only.

4-2 - Precaut ions to be taken during movements when water is l ikelyto enter the barrel (rain, weapon dropped into water, etc.)- Take the precautions mentioned under section 1-6-2, second paragraph .4-3- Sand and dustReduce lubrication to the minimum.4-4- Bullet firing at nightSee para . 3-2-1-6.4-5- Direct firing of grenades at nightSee para. 3-2-5-2.


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5- JAMMING AND TROUBLE

5-1- JammingPossible jamming and trouble generally fall into one of the followingthree categories :1 - Trouble resulting from excessive fouling of the weapon due tonegligence by the user or his lack of knowledge of the weapon.2 - Trouble caused by accidental mechanical failure of the weapon .3 - Trouble caused by using the weapon in unfavourable conditions(snow, sand, mud ...).Jamming or interruption of firing, unless caused by an empty magazineor failure of a part, is generally quickly eliminated without looking fo rthe cause of the trouble.- If there is incomplete closure, press on the base of the cocking leverso as to make sure that the lever closes on to the cocking lever stop,then resume firing. If slight pressure is insufficient to close the cokinglever, ensure that there is no foreign body fouling the barrel or firingmechanism.- If there is insufficient recoil, cock to eject the case of the firedcartridge and insert another cartridge, then resume firing.- In the case of any other firing trouble :

- Keep the weapon in firing position.- Remove the magazine.- Cock twice.- Remove the case remaining inside the weapon (i f applicable).- Insert magazine- cock, then resume firing.

Should the trouble occur again : remove the magazine, replace it byanother, then resume firing. If the trouble persists, consult the gunsmith or instructor to determine what is wt:ong.NB : if the shot does not take place after firing , wait at least 10 secondsbefore opening the breech so as to avoid the consequences of possibledelayed firing.

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5-2 -Troubles

Possible troublesNo percussion

No extraction

Resistance felt when inserting magazine

Incorrect position of cartridge

In single shot position departure in burstsCartridge case no t ejected

CausesIncomplete closureFiring pin broken

Extractor deterioratedChamber fouled

Weapon fouledMagazine warpedMagazine warped

Follower plate warpedTrigger-guard badly adjusted

Ejector spring too weakExtractor spring too weak

RemediesCock and make sure

of closure before firingChange firing pinChange extractorClean weapon andclean chamber (rifling)

Clean weaponChange magazine

Change magazine

Adjust trigger-guardChange ejector- spring assembly

Change extractor-spring assemblyDelayed firing Defective cartridge Check to ensure bullet is no t still in barrelGrenade not retained

Changing parts: see chapter on dismantling.To replace th e grenade brake spring :

Brake spring lost

- Close th e inserting ring up towards th e flash-suppressor.

?R

- Roll a sheet of heavy paper round these tw o parts, engage th ebrake spring on to the cylinder thus formed and make it slide upto its housing on th e ring.

Replace the grenade brake spring


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6- MAINTENANCE

6-1 - Dismantlingreassembly. fo r maintenance and

6-1-1 - Remove the stock- If th e strap is tight, slacken it as would normally be th e case for carrying th e weapon overth e shoulder.- Expel th e stock assembly stud, and place itin th e tubular casing for fixing th e stock to th ebreech casing.- Pull th e stock backwards.- In order to dismantle the cheek rest, push th etop of this part so that by elastic deformation itcan be removed from the stock.

6-1-2 - Remove th e protective handle.- Expel th e assembly stud of the protectivehandle a.nd place it in th e tubular casing fittedto the ringsight support.- Push th e protective handle towards th e foresight, removing it from th e sighting line bypulling it upwards.

6-1-3 - Remove th e mechanism unit- Push th e mechanism unit assembly stud withth e tip of a bullet or on e of the tw o stock studsor protective handle studs and pull it so as tobring it into contact with th e breech casingsafety catch.- Remove th e mechanism unit by rotating itround th e rear support of th e breech case.

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6-1-4 - Remo ve th e mobile assembly- Pull back the mobile assembly until th e cocking lever makes contactwith th e rear face of the cocking lever stop.- Free th e mobile assembly from th e spring tube by pushing th e assembly stud as under para. 6-1-3.- Pull th e mobile assembly backwards, allowing it to slide freely in th eT groove of the breech casing.

6-1-5 - Disassembly of th e bolt- Separate th e mobile breech assembly, theinertia amplifying lever and th e firing pin fromth e added mass by making it slide along th e bo t to m of the latter part until th e lever is in th evertical position . In this position th e slide onth e head of th e breech is freed from th e corresponding part of th e added mass, and th etwo parts can be separated by pulling on them .Dismantle th e amplifying lever by makingit turn around its axis until its upper wingsare in line with th e breech and remove it fromits housing in this position.Pull th e firing pin backwards.

6-1-6 - Dismantling th e removable head

)

- Using th e base of a case or th e head of one of th e stock assemblystuds or protective handle studs, raise th e support finger of the remo vable head.- Engage th e base of the case or th e head of one of th e stock assembly studs or protective handle studs under th e extractor claw and pullth e removable head .- After dismantling in this way, there are 6 parts or assemblies :

-The breech- The removable head- The support finger- The ejector, its spring and its inside rod- The extractor and its spring-The plug .

In order to reverse th e ejection, simply exchange th e extractor a nd itsspring with th e plug.


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6-1-7- Dismantling th e bipodTo dismantle th e bipod proceed in th e same way as for mount ing it(section 3-2-3), bu t continue to rotate th e arms 120 beyond th e irnormal position in use and in that position remove them laterally fromtheir articulations .

6-1-8- ReassemblyReassembly is carried out in th e reverse order of dismantling, althoughth e following precautions must be taken :- Reassembly of th e removable head :Before reassembling th e ejector make sure that the inside rod is exectlyin place (photo page 30) .

- Use th e spring ejector assembly to centre th e removable headso as to be able to fit the support finger without any difficulty.- Push the removing head with th e firing pin.- Fit the support finger, paying attention to th e direction ofassembly : th e groove in which the base of th e case is engaged(section 6-1-6) must be outside the breech after assembly .

- Reassembly of th e mobile assembly :First of all, assemble th e firing pin and align th e rear notch of theamplifying lever passage with th e breech bore before reassemblingthe lever.Before reassembling the added mass make sure that the two supporting parts of th e amplifying lever on the added mass are opposite theheelof the mobile breech.Before assembling th e mobile assembly on th e breech casing makesure that the slideway located on to p of the breech is effectivelyengaged in th e corresponding part of th e added mass.- Reassembly of th e mobile assembly on the breech casing :Hold th e mobile assembly in th e open position and slide it freely,without forcing, in the slideway of the breech casing.- Reassembly of th e mechanism unit : before reassembling the mechanism unit make sure that the hammer is hooked on to th e automatic sear and that th e connecting rod is in th e rear position.Engage th e rear part of th e mechanism unit into th e correspondinghousing of the breech casing by inclining it slightly (photo page 29),pivot it around this hooking point and pin it.

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- Reassembly of th e protective handle :- Reassembly of th e stock :Make sure that the cheek-rest is mounted on the side opposite ejection.

6-1-9 - Reversing of ejection- Remove the support finger as indicated in section 6-1-6 and puH theremovable head as far as necessary to be a b l ~ to pull out the extractorand th e plug without completely dismantling th e removable head.- Reverse the two parts.- Push the removable head back place by means of th e firing pin andreplace the support finger.

6-2 - Maintenance6-2-1 -IngredientsUse Break-Free CLP or ARDROX 397/2 - paraffin oil only underexceptional circumstances.Attention :- The use of paraffine o il facilitates cleaning of very fouled components but in order to avoid oxidation, carefully clean the parts beforeoiling them.- Do not use chlorine solvents without th e manufacturer's advice.6-2-2 - CleaningThe weapon must be c leaned as often as necessary, and obligatorilyafter each use, as soon as circumstances permit.Cleaning must be limited to th e removal of dust, moisture, impuritiesand surface rust. Cleaning must never be taken to extremes, wherewear or deformation of th e parts could arise.N. B. : The use of abrasive substances (emery cloth, glass paper) ormetal objects (knife blade or screwdriver) is strictly forbidden.


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6-2-2-1 - Cleaning the barrel and chamberThe barrel is cleaned with a cleaning rod used with a square cloth ofdimensions (6 x 6 em of fine cloth) such that if forces slightly in thebarrel. The cleaning cloth must be removed from the barrel aftereach return stroke. Introduce the cleaning rod by the barrel mouthpiece so that the patch does no t catch in the ring grooves.After a few strokes effected with a dry, clean cloth, the internalsurface of the barrel must be smooth and shiny. Otherwise, cont inuecleaning with an oil-soaked cloth.The chamber must be cleaned with a metal brush; use an oil -soakedcloth to remove any matter fouling the chamber.6-2-2-2 - Cleaning of other metal partsOther parts must be cleaned with a dry, clean cloth or w ith paraffinoi l if the parts are very dirty.If rust patches show up, soak them in oil fo r a moment, then rub withan oi l -soaked cloth.6-2-2-3 - Cleaning of plastic partsClean with a moist clean cloth.6-2-2-4- Cleaning the mechanism unitIf metal debris or non-burnt products have entered the mechanismunit, clean the trigger mechanism and bu rst limiter with a fine brush.6-2-3 - CheckingEach cleaning should be an occasion fo r checking the condition of thevarious parts of the weapon, and to show up incipient cracks, unusualwear and other deformations as well as breakage : in particular, the firingpin and the amplifying lever.6-2-4 - ProtectionOnce the weapon is cleaned and its condition checked, it is necessary,before reassembly, to give it a protection against rust.Al l the metal parts should be lightly oiled after cleaning. The barrel isprotected by giving one backward and one forward stroke with an oil soaked cloth which should be clean.

6-3 - Adjusting the line of sightSee MAT 1057 (technical guidance leafletsupplied with rifle ) fo r dismantling of theprotective handle.6-3-1 - Adjustment fo r elevation- The line of sight is adjusted fo r elevation bymoving the ringsight unit as follows. Lower theadjustment wheel index and then compressthe ringsight spring by means of the screw.To facilitate this operation, a cartridge casecan be removed to compress the spring.- If the rifle fires high : tighten the bolt andthe ringsight is lowered.- If the rifle fires low : unscrew the bolt andthe ringsight rises.- Shift value : one rotation of a bolt notchleads to an average point variation of about6 em at a distance of 200 metres (0.30 r;ri )

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6-3-2- Adjustment for direction- Direction is adjusted by compressing or releasing a spring blade bymeans of a serrated nut.- If firing is to the left :screw off .- If firing is to the right : screw on.- Value of the shift : the passage from one notch to another causesa variation in the mean centre point of about 6 em at 200m (0.30 m).


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7 - PARTS LIST

Description of the parts itemised on the various diagramsHammer stop

2 Percussion spring3 Percussion rod4 Hammer5 Automatic sear6 Sear spring guide rod7 Automatic sear control8 Mechanism unit9 Breech casing

10 Inertia amplifying lever11 Driven sear12 Driven sear notch13 Driven sear drive14 Connecting rod15 Forward stud of connecting rod16 Rear stud of connecting rod17 Fire selector18 Ratchet wheel19 Limiter operating lever20 Retaining catch21 Driving-pawl22 Limiter catch23 Uncogging part24 Disengaging trolley25 Burst limiter switch26 Uncogging spring pin27 Connecting rod return spring28 Trigger29 Ratchet wheel stop pin

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8 TABLE OF COMPINED UNIT COMPONENTS

PART NAME Oty

5.56 assault rifle, model F1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 1ACCESSORIESMagazine . ...... . .......................... 6Magazine for one protellent cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Bayonet with sheath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Sl ing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... 1Removable rod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Cleaning rod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Chamber cleaning brush . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Brass cleaning brush . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Nylon cleaning brush. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Oil can. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Synthetic cloth bag for FA 5.56 F 1 accessories. . . . . . 1Synthetic cloth magazine holder fo r FA 5.56 F 1 . . . 2Technical guidance leaflet MAT 1057. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1SPARE PARTSSupport finger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Complete ejector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Extractor with spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Cover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1


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