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Neville Meijers VP, Business Development Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

Extending the Benefits of LTE to Unlicensed Spectrum

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Making the best use of licensed and unlicensed spectrum

More licensed spectrum is the top priorityUse unlicensed spectrum opportunistically

Technologies for hyper-densificationMore small cells

Higher efficiency

More spectrum

For both licensed & unlicensed spectrum

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Multiple technologies will co-exist for best use of all spectrum

LTE AdvancedLicensed spectrum foundation, augmented

with unlicensed spectrum solutions

Mobile broadband services for best performance and quality-of-experience

LTE UnlicensedLTE-based technologies in unlicensed

spectrum, LTE-U, LAA, MuLTEfire™

Broadens LTE ecosystem to enhanced and new deployment opportunities

Wi-Fi 802.11ac/ad/ax802.11-based technology solely operating

in unlicensed spectrum

Also evolving for enhanced performance and expanding to new usage models

LTE Unlicensed: LTE-U/LAA aggregation with an LTE licensed spectrum anchor, whereas MuLTEfire can operate solely in unlicensed spectrum MuLTEfire is an initiative of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

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Video—Extending LTE to unlicensed spectrum

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LTE Unlicensed in 5 GHz for new small cell deployments

1Assumptions: Two operators. 48 Pico+108 Femto cells per operator. 300 users per operator with 70% indoor. 3GPP Bursty model. 12x40MHz @ 5GHz for unlicensed spectrum; LTE 10 MHz channel at 2 GHz;. 2x2 MIMO, Rank 1 transmission, eICIC enabled; LTE-U – LAA R13, 2x2 MIMO (no MU-MIMO).; Wi-Fi -  802.11ac 2x2 MIMO (no MU-MIMO), LDPC codes and 256QAM).

LTE Unlicensed small cell

Unlicensed(5 GHz)

LTE &LTE-U/LAA

~2x capacity and rangeCompared to Wi-Fi1

Enhanced user experienceLicensed anchor for control and mobility

Single unified LTE networkCommon management

A good Wi-Fi neighbor In many cases, better neighbor to Wi-Fi than Wi-Fi itself

Carrier aggregation

Licensed Anchor(400 MHz – 3.8 GHz)

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Extending the benefits of LTE to unlicensed spectrum

1 Downlink only in unlicensed spectrum (SDL). RF specs and coexistence tests defined by LTE-U forum: coexistence and fair sharing can be obtained using techniques such as channel selection and CSAT (Carrier Sensing Adaptive Transmission). 2 These regions mandate specific access procedures, including Listen Before Talk (LBT),. LAA R14 targets enhancements to support aggregation for both uplink and downlink

MuLTEfireBroadening LTE technology and ecosystem to new deployment opportunities

Licensed SpectrumExclusive use

Unlicensed SpectrumShared use

LAA (Licensed-Assisted Access)Targeting mobile operator deployments in Europe, Japan, and beyond2 based on 3GPP Rel. 13 and beyond

LTE Carrier Aggregation with licensed anchor channel

LTE-based technology

without licensed anchor channel

LTE-U1 to boost downlink Targeting mobile operators deployments in USA, Korea, India, etc. based on 3GPP Rel. 10/11/12

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LinkAggregation

Aggregation with licensed spectrum provides best performance

LTE - Wi-Fi Link Aggregation (LWA) for carrier Wi-Fi deployments1

Mobile operator’s LTE anchor spectrum

LTE in unlicensed (LTE-U/LAA) for new small cell deployments

Licensed 400MHz to 3.8GHz

Carrier Aggregation

Wi-Fi in Unlicensed2.4 & 5 GHz

LTE in Unlicensed

5 GHz

Enhanced user experience

Better capacity and coverage

Unified network

Fair coexistence

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Unlicensed (5 GHz) Carrier aggregationLicensed Anchor

LTE

LTELTE/LTE-U

FSM9955

Industry’s first commercially announced LTE-U small cell solution

Industry’s first commercially announced

UE solution for LTE-U

WTR3950

WTR3925

X12 LTE

Converged SOC with CSAT (R 10) based LTE/Wi-Fi fair

coexistence

X12 LTE supporting LTE-U with WTR 3950

Qualcomm Snapdragon, WTR RF transceiver chips and FSM small cell solutions are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

Spearheading LTE-U commercialization

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Ease of deployment and management

FSM9955

FSM9955 brings LTE-U to small cellsFor LTE-U anticipated commercial launches in 2016

FSM small cell solutions and UltraSON are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.. 1 eICIC is enhanced Inter Cell Interference Coordination defined by 3GPP.

Foundation: 3G, LTE

Hosted: Wi-Fi 802.11ac

Announced: LTE-U

Converged multi-mode SoC

UltraSON™ elCIC1

Hotspot 2.0

CSAT

Pico/Enterprises Venues

Residential / Neighborhood

Supports the gamut of deployment scenarios

•  An industry leader in RF, power management, security

•  Dedicated network listen—across technologies•  LTE Unlicensed / Wi-Fi coexistence – like CSAT

•  UltraSON™ technology interference and mobility management

•  Advanced interference management like eICIC

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LTE Unlicensed Demo ShowcaseSee the benefits of LTE-U in action with three distinct demos

FSM99xx

LTE-U PerformanceLive demonstration of LTE-U Performance using commercial Qualcomm Technologies silicon

LTE-U/Wi-Fi Coexistence See LTE-U and Wi-Fi fairly sharing spectrum first hand

License Assisted Access (LAA)Learn how LAA brings together the best of licensed and unlicensed via our LAA Video Demo

Demos Featuring Qualcomm Technologies Platform Solutions

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Unlicensed 5 GHz spectrum ideal for small cells LTE-U, LAA, MuLTEfire, Wi-Fi (802.11ac/ax) will coexist to meet various needs

Pico/Enterprises

Residential / NeighborhoodSmall Businesses

Venues

Opportunistic useShared spectrum but ‘free’, technology neutral

Large amount of spectrumCould be ~500MHz but regionally dependent

Shorter range Lower transmit power per regulations

Wide bands available for sharing Efficiently shared amongst multiple users

12LTE Unlicensed Solutions Carrier Wi-Fi Solutions

LTE/Wi-Fi Technology SolutionsLTE in Licensed SpectrumLTE in Unlicensed Spectrum802.11ac Wi-Fi802.11ad (60Ghz)

LTE advanced Carrier Aggregation

LTE-U/LAAaggregation

LTE/Wi-Fi Call Continuity

802.11ai Fast Roaming

Carrier Wi-Fi AP

LTE/Wi-Fi Link Aggregation

802.11ac/ad

Small Cell

Multiple technologies to support all deployment scenarios

Dual-connectivityMuLTEfireNeutral host

offload

802.11ac MU-MIMO

LTE/Wi-Fiaccess

Wi-Fiaccess

802.11ac/ad

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Fair Wi-Fi coexistence a key principle in LTE unlicensed designExtensive over-the-air testing performed in the lab and in the field

Assump&ons:  Two  operators.  48  Pico+108  Femto  cells  per  operator.  300  users  per  operator  with  70%  indoor.  3GPP  Bursty  model.  12x40MHz  @  5GHz  for  unlicensed  spectrum.LTE  10  MHz  channel  at  2  GHz;.  2x2  MIMO,  Rank  1  transmission,  eICIC  enabled;  LTE-­‐U  -­‐  Phase  II.,  2x2  MIMO  (no  MU-­‐MIMO).;  Wi-­‐Fi  -­‐    802.11ac  2x2  MIMO  (no  MU-­‐MIMO),  LDPC  codes  and  256QAM).

OperatorA

Wi-Fi

OperatorA

Wi-Fi

1x ≥1x

>2x

Gain(Median throughput)

OperatorB

Wi-Fi

1x

In many cases a better neighbor to Wi-Fi than Wi-Fi itself

Operator B switches Wi-Fi to LTE in unlicensed

OperatorB

LTE in unlicensed

14Source: Qualcomm Research. Example from our LTE Unlicensed testing in San Diego to validate coverage and performance advantages.

LTE Thrpt (Mbps) / Wi-Fi Thrpt (Mbps) 

LTE Unlicensed improves coverage compared to Wi-Fi20/2

16/2

3/x

6/x

4/x

24 /26

27/27

35/27

15 /9

9/1

14 /3

26/23

2/x29/16

LTE / Wi-Fi5GHz access pointIndoor 3rd floor

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Implementation variation among Enterprise Wi-Fi vendorsUsing Qualcomm Technologies’ LTE/Wi-Fi coexistence test chamber

Vendor A and B enterprise grade Wi-Fi APs with controller. 8 Aps with test AP—Wi-Fi or LTE-U

Baseline:8 Wi-Fi + Wi-Fi

Stress Test:8 Wi-Fi + LTE-U

Vendor A

Vendor B

Wi-Fi vendor A less aggressive

Wi-Fi vendor B more aggressive

Mixture of Vendor A and B’s enterprise Wi-Fi APs

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LTE-U is a good neighbor regardless of Wi-Fi vendorUsing Qualcomm Technologies’ LTE/Wi-Fi coexistence test chamber

Vendor A and B enterprise grade Wi-Fi APs with controller. 8 Aps with test AP—Wi-Fi or LTE-U

Vendor A

Vendor B

Mix of vendor A/B

LTE-U maintains overall Wi-Fi performance

8 Wi-Fi + Wi-Fi 6.5

8 Wi-Fi + LTE-U 6.5

8 Wi-Fi + LTE-U

8 Wi-Fi + Wi-Fi 3.9

4.9

8 Wi-Fi + LTE-U

8 Wi-Fi + Wi-Fi 5.8

5.8

Average Wi-Fi throughput (Mbps)

or

with

Wi-Fi LTE-U

Wi-Fi

8X

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All sitesLTE + Wi-Fi

LAA Rel. 13 Live Demo

Operator 1

Operator 2

Note: The data rates shown are only for the unlicensed spectrum, with only control and signaling traffic going over licensed spectrum

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Operator 1: still on Wii-Fi

Wi-Fi performance not adversely

affected

LAA Rel. 13 Live Demo

Operator 1

Operator 2

Operator 2: One site changed to LTE Unlicensed ~ 2x Improvement

Note: The data rates shown are only for the unlicensed spectrum, with only control and signaling traffic going over licensed spectrum

LAA LAA

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Going above and beyond minimum requirementsMinimum requirements

Ensuring fair coexistence between LTE unlicensed and Wi-FiWorking together across the mobile and Wi-Fi industries

1 With dynamic channel selection and CSAT - Carrier Sensing Adaptive Transmission required in the small cell.. 2 LAA Licensed Assisted Access, Work item approved in 3GPP R13 June 15. In addition, New RF band support (e.g. 5GHz) needed at both device and small cell

Conformance testing

•  Coexistence and fairness test

•  Expected to be more rigorous than Wi-Fi testing today

•  Still allowing for differentiation

•  Example: LTE-U forum specifications

Standards & specifications

•  LTE-U for USA, Korea, India, other markets based on LTE R10/11/121

•  LAA for Europe, Japan and beyond defined in 3GPP R132

Spectrum regulations

•  Power, bandwidth and emission levels

•  Additional channel occupancy limits: specific access procedures required in Europe and Japan (LAA)

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LTE Unlicensed development through industry collaboration

Fair co-existence between Wi-Fi and LTE unlicensed

LTE Unlicensed Wi-Fi

Collaboration and engagement

3GPP LAALTE-U Forum

•  Dialogue between 3GPP and IEEE802.11 & WFA throughout the LAA standard’s development via presentations & liaison statements

•  Open industry LAA workshop held 8/29/2015 in Beijing with presentations from IEEE 802.11, WFA and other key stakeholders

•  Started dialogue between 3GPP and WFA on coexistence testing

Founding members Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson, LGE, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., Samsung, Verizon all have stakes in LTE and Wi-FiCoexistence specs published March 2nd 2015, updated June based on feedback, e.g. adding uplink and VoIP test cases

Being standardized in 3GPP release 13 for completion 1H 2016 (ASN.1 freeze)Enhancements planned for release R14 and beyond3GPP will develop coexistence / performance requirements and tests

•  Presented LTE-U to Wi-Fi Alliance and IEEE at standards meetings•  An LTE-U workshop for key cellular and Wi-Fi vendors/operators

was held on May 28, 2015 with deep dive of technology•  Further collaboration on coexistence with industry is ongoing—

one-on-one and in industry groups

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MuLTEfire for 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum—no licensed anchor

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MuLTEfire: LTE-like performance with Wi-Fi-like simplicityLTE-based technology for unlicensed spectrum without licensed anchor channel

Broadens LTE technology & ecosystem to new deployment opportunities

4G LTE-like performanceEnhanced capacity and range

Improved mobility, quality-of-experience

Hyper-dense, self-optimizing deployments

Wi-Fi-like deployment simplicityOperates in unlicensed spectrum

Leaner, self-contained network architecture

Suitable for neutral host deploymentsHarmoniously coexist with

Wi-Fi, LTE-U/LAA

MuLTEfire

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MuLTEfire expands small cell deployment opportunitiesDeployments as a single access node, hotspot, or bigger clusters with mobility

Enterprises

Residential / NeighborhoodSmall Businesses

Venues

Self-containedSimplified network architecture

suitable for end-user deployments

Unlicensed SpectrumOperates solely in unlicensed spectrum

without licensed anchor channel

Neutral hostAny deployment can service any

device—no SIM required

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Extending the Benefits of LTE to Unlicensed Spectrum

Committed to LTE Unlicensed, the Wi-Fi evolution, and LTE – Wi-Fi convergence solutions

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LTE Unlicensed coexists fairly with Wi-Fi—in many cases a better neighbor than Wi-Fi itself

Wi-FiLTE

3Wi-Fi 802.11ac/ad/ax

MuLTEfire™LTE-U/LAA

1Multiple solutions will coexist to meet needs of various deployment scenarios

Aggregation with licensed spectrum for best performance: •  LTE-U/LAA carrier aggregation•  LTE - Wi-Fi link aggregation

2

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For more information, visit us at: www.qualcomm.com & www.qualcomm.com/blog

©2013-2015 Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its affiliated companies. All Rights Reserved.

Qualcomm, Snapdragon, FSM and UltraSON are trademarks of Qualcomm Incorporated, registered in the United States and other countries. MuLTEfire is a trademark of Qualcomm Incorporated.  Other product and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.

References in this presentation to “Qualcomm” may mean Qualcomm Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsidiaries or business units within the Qualcomm corporate structure, as applicable.

Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm’s licensing business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Qualcomm Incorporated, operates, along with its subsidiaries, substantially all of Qualcomm’s engineering, research and development functions, and substantially all of its product and services businesses, including its semiconductor business, QCT.

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