Evolution of Urban Rail Signaling System Technology in China

Mr. Dongjie LiTraffic Control Technology Co., Ltd.

July-2019

CONTENTSOverview of China Rail Transit Development01Evolution of Signaling System Technology of TCT02

«01 Overview of China Rail Transit Development

Overview of China Rail Transit DevelopmentWe are experiencing a rapid development stage

«

The first rail transit line in

ChinaBeijing Subway Line 1 built in July, 1965 and

opened in January, 1971, with 10.7km.

132 urban rail lines

83% adopt CBTC system, with operation mileage

4354.30km

6000km

By 2020, the total operation mileage

will be up to 6000km.

1969 2018 2020

«02 Evolution of Signaling System Technology of TCT

Evolution of Signaling System product of TCT

40 years R&D of signaling system

Single equipmentCab-signaling

ProductATP

Signaling SystemLCF-300LCF-200LCF-100

Rail transitTrans-disciplinary

Multi-fieldLCF-500LCF-400

1980 Cab-signal Based on SBC

1985 Test in Tianjin

1990"Eighth Five Year Plan" Project-Overspeedprotection

1993 SJ-93 communication deviceRailway test

1996 Urban rail R&D

1998 LCF-100 through appraisal

2004 CBTC R&DSubject communication device

LCF-200 Passenger dedicated Railway

2008 STM CBTC Pilot plant test2002-09 LCF-100 Beijing BaTong Line 1

2019 Intelligent rail transportation system2018 Interoperable Fully automatic operation system

Cloud Platform for urban rail systems2017 Train Intelligent Detection System2016 Vehicle-vehicle communication based Train

control system LTE based DCS system

2015 Interoperable signalling system for network2014 Fully automatic operation2011 Train operation centred Integrated automation2009 Information security

TCT provides signaling system or products for 43 lines, about 1780 KM in 23 major cities (18 lines already in service)

1959Equipped with cab signalling

The different cab signaling cannot be compatible with each other

because block systems varied on different lines.

First Generation System1980

Beijing JiaoTong University developed multi-mode compatible Generic cab

signaling firstly in 1980, which became the first generation on-board signaling

system.

Generic Cab SignallingFirst Generation of cab signaling

system

«

LCF-100 on-board ATP product

The first set of ATP on-boardequipment used to replace theimported product is applied totrack circuit based system ;

«

Beijing Batong Line

Beijing Circle Line

Dalin Rapid Rail

Beijing Line 1

200 sets applied since 1998, with safe and

reliable operation for more than 20 years;

CBTC-optimum automatic train control systemWith rapid growth in density, speed and passenger flow, the communication based moving block system (CBTC) is the optimum automatic train control system. (CBTC-Communications Based Train Control)

Communication based moving block

DTG system based on digital track circuit

Fixed block system based on analogtrack circuit

The train tracking interval can be up to 90s, which is easy for system extension and upgrade.

The train tracking interval is over 2 minutes, which is not easy for system extension and upgrade.

The tracking interval is over 3 minutes, which is not easy for system extension and upgrade.

1

Vital computer platform developed

based on model

2

Automatic Train protection and operation optimization control

technology based on Best practice

3

Multimode train-wayside communication integrated

and high reliability transmission technology

LCF-300 CBTC ProductFixed block system based on analog track circuit: the tracking interval is more than 3min DTG system based on digital track circuit: the tracking interval is more than 2min 。

Solution: TCT has mastered the key technology and developed the CBTC system independently:High speed, short headway, three-level control, automatic operation, high riding comfort and easy for system expansion and upgrading.

Old system：Not easy for system expansion and upgrading

LCF-300 CBTC Product

« IEEE 1474 for CBTC;

IEC standards for safety:

IEC 62278,

IEC62279, IEC 62245,

IEC62280; IEC62290；

CENELEC : EN50126，

EN50128，EN50129

ATS: Automatic train supervision system

ATS: at control center and station

DCS: Backbone data communication wired system

CI: Computer based interlocking system

Wayside equipmentSemaphoreRailroad switchAxle counterAutomatic parking transponder

Platform protectionPlatform screen doorFlood gateEmergency stop button

Wayside ATO/ATP (Zone controller ZC + database storage unit

DSU)

DCS: Train-wayside wireless communication system

On-board ATP + on-board ATO

MSS: Maintenance

support system

1

Existing linked

process automated,

automation level

enhanced;

2

Further Improve RAMS,

and reduce the failure rate;

3

Reallocate the

responsibilities of driver,

form a new operation

mode.

Fully automatic operation (FAO) systemThe FAO system developed based on CBTC achievements greatly improves the system automation and operation service quality.

Key functions of FAO system

车辆系统概况

Staff protection

Vehicle sleep/wake

Full-automatic washing

Rain and snow mode

Skip and Benchmarking

Obstacle/derail testing

Creeping model

Fully Automatic Operation System

The system adds fully automatic

operation functions based on its

original systems, which is compatible

with CBTC and back-up mode

functions.

Improve the urban rail

operation safety and

efficiency;

Improve RAMS；

Improve operation emergency

handling capability；

Enhance automation level

（GoA-4）and reduce labor

intensity.

Features

advantages

Full redundancy redundant BTM and gateways, etc

Optimized safety protection Protection for staff，passengers, obstacles and emergency;

More OCC functionsRemote PA, remote Emergency brake, emergency calling, CCTV, PIS;

Automation and deep integration deep integration of ISCS and ATS

FAO Features

LTE(4G) technology applied for DCS of FAO signaling

system-carry signaling, PIS, TCMS data.

FAO System

The FAO system is applied to Beijing Yanfang Line opened on

Dec. 30, 2017. Other FAO projects are under

construction such as Beijing New Airport Link, Line 17, line 19,

Wuhan metro L5, Nanning Metro Line 5 and Jinan Line R2.

Requirement for passenger "through"; Requirement for network operation; Requirement for resource sharing;

Independent Interoperable I-CBTC Solution for Network OperationIndependent interoperable I-CBTC solution realizes "overline and same line operation";The signaling equipment of different manufacturers are interoperable， which can improve the line and equipment utilization. China Association of Metros released Specifications for Interoperable CBTC system in September 2018.

Uniform dispatch

and command

Uniform data

source

CBTC level overline

switching

Independent Interoperable I-CBTC Solution for Network

Operation

The independent interoperable I-CBTC solution is applied to the

four lines including Line 4, Line 5, Line 10 and Loop Line and realizes

network operation;

Urumqi, Qingdao and Guiyang also promote rail transit interoperability actively.

«Network Operation

Operational requirement

The intercity railway network connect with high-speed rail

The inner-city rapid rail network connect with intercity trains

CTCS2+CBTC On-board Equipment

Target System

Realizes non-stop switching by compatible with the CTCS-2 + ATO line and CBTC line

CTCS-2区域 共管区域 CBTC区域

调度中心CTC

VCC1 DT VCC1 I/O

联锁GSM-R GSM-R列控中心

临时限速TSR通信控制

CCS

信号安全网

调度数据网

VCC1 DT

VCC1 DT

VCC1 I/O

VCC1 I/O

Wifi Wifi

VCC1 DT VCC1 I/O区域控制器

非安全控制模块

服务模块

安全控制模块

应答器车载查询器

健康管理模块

非安全控制模块

服务模块

安全控制模块

应答器车载查询器

健康管理模块

头尾两端通信线

联锁车站CTC

TCR

GSM-RWLAN/LTE

«Urban rail transit<120km/h

Inner-city rapid rail 120-160km/h

Intercity railway 160-200km/h

High-speed rail >200km/h

On-board Signaling System Compatible with DTG and CBTC

Operational requirement:DTG system high fault rate high maintenance cost long maintenance period;Insufficient in technical support and no spare parts;

«

Beijing Metro Line 5

Target System： One set of train born equipement

is compatible with both track circuit and CBTC line ;

Be applicable to old system upgrading and resignaling;

Realize lines interoperability

« A set of on-board core signaling

equipment

On-board WirelessBTMEN transponder

Track circuitTrack circuit decodingUSA standard transponder

Existing line resignalling solution：

Compatible with existing system

Only one set of train-borne

Reduce the train-borne failure rate

Smooth Transition to CBTC

Reduce the construction

period

Investment reduced

Step 1Collect line data to

make E-map database

Step 2Replace old train-borne but keep compatible with track

circuit

Step 3Replace old CI & ATS but keep compatible

with old system

Step 4Other system

installation & T&C

Step 5Smooth Transition

to CBTC

Based on these requirement, TCT proposed a two-system solution:

vehicle-trackside safety information transmission Based on TD-LTE .

Heavy haul railway moving block system

«

Operational requirement： Heavy haul railway Different train formation and

10000-ton trainsets; System can't meet

Transportation requirements;

Target System： Suitable for heavy haul railway; High safety and density

tracking control improve transport capacity;

CBTC applied to Shuohuang railway

Heavy haul railway location technique based on multiple sensors

Applicable for heavy haul train control model with multiple formations and locomotives

Train integrity inspection based train tail equipment information infusion

Turnoutm, section

Route, signal

CBI RBC

Wind pressure collection，Beidou positioning

active positioning, over speed protection

MA calculation

Route command

TSR Server

CTC

Speed restriction command

Yard info

Train tail

Speed restriction

status Train location

Movement authority(MA)

The heavy haul railway moving block system is applied to Shuohuangrailway, shortens the train tracking interval (from 11 mins to 7.3 mins)andimprove transport capacity.Applicable to the upgrading and transformation of heavy haul railway project.

Heavy haul railway moving block systemCBTC applied to Shuohuang railway

New

Satellite positioning and image identification

Compatible with CBTC lines; Multi-scenario

obstacle identification

Multi-vehicle resource allocation

Vehicle-vehicle communication based train control

system(VBTC)

Now

«Traditional system ： A large number of

trackside equipment； Complex communication

connection and data control;

Target system:： Take on-board as the core control

equipment; Trackside equipment is only at OCC; Vehicle-vehicle direct communication,

simple logic, less equipment and easy to maintain

VBTC system

VBTC system will be used for the resignalling of CBTC lines in Beijing. It does not rely on the trackside equipment, so project complexity will be reduced.VBTC system will be tested on HK Disney line soon.

TIDS uses visual

sensors and radar

equipment to sense the

environment, provides

safety protection for

train operation 。

Detect the Train, Signal, Turnout, other obstacles，and

gives alarms based on preset tracking distance.

TIDS（Train

Intelligent

Detection System）

Obstacles distance

Signal, Turnout indicator

E-map

Speed indicator

Speed limit

Highly intelligent algorithm technology

Track area recognition technology based on convolutional neural network;

Multi-object recognition technology based on deep learning: trains, switches and other obstacles.

Small object recognition technology based on adaptive edge detection: realize signal recognition.

Simultaneous localization and mapping（SLAM）technology: Autonomous train positioning and navigation

Train Slef-control/dispatching

Minimized recourse

Shorter intervalVery simple and Low

maintenanceHigh RAMS &

Implementation rate

FAO Functions

Multiple system link

driverless（GOA3/4）

Crossline operation

I-CBTCFunctions

Unified interfaces

Automaticdispatching

CBTCFunctions

ATO（GOA2）

Overspeedprotection

Route protectionDistance/speed

profile Semi-moving block functionmulti-step speed control Fixed block

functions

Fixed block

Semi-movingsystem

CBTC

I-CBTC

FAO

VBTC

Overseas China

1G

2G

3G

4G

5G

3.5G

• From single system to multiplesystem safety

• More Intelligent and efficient

The development of operation control systems has been roughly divided into five generations. TCT conquered the third generation of CBTC in 2010. Subsequent 3.5th and 4th generations technology have been applied to demonstration projects. The key technologies of the 5th generation have also started research.

Singapore NE line opened in 2003, 10 years earlier

Interoperable CBTC in Paris & NY is 5 years later than China

Same pace with overseas

CBTC

I-CBTC

FAO

VBTC

Same pace with overseas

Trend of metro signaling technology development

Thanks for Your

Attention！