evid cases notes

8/10/2019 Evid Cases Notes

1/6

Update: Electronic Evidence for Criminal Cases (People v. Enojas)

Posted on 14 September 2014 !eave a comment

"n# vs. Co$rt of "ppeals% &' 12*% 20 "pril 2010+ Second ,ivision% "bad -/%provided:

o$r. '$stan claims tat te obscene pict$re sent to ris tro$# a te3t messa#econstit$tes an electronic doc$ment. $s% it so$ld be a$tenticated b5 means of an

electronic si#nat$re% as provided $nder Section 1% '$le * of te '$les on Electronic

Evidence (".6. 01787017SC).

9$t% firstl5% '$stan is raisin# tis objection to te admissibilit5 of te obscene pict$re%

E3ibit "% for te first time before tis Co$rt. e objection is too late since e so$ld

ave objected to te admission of te pict$re on s$c #ro$nd at te time it as offered inevidence. ;e so$ld be deemed to ave alread5 aived s$c #ro$nd for objection.

-People v. 6endo


2/6

4.,$d$aco v. !a?$indan$m% 4>> SC'" 42 (200*) n 6analo v. 'oldan7Confesor% 21*

SC'" 0 (1@@2)% te Co$rt spoAe of a ierarc5 of evidentiar5 val$es and itsimplications on d$e process. t eld tat if a trib$nal re?$ired more tan at is reall5 te

?$ant$m of proof appropriate for tat proceedin#% tere o$ld be a violation of d$e

process. t ten proceeded to arran#e te pecAin# order as: (a) proof be5ond reasonabledo$bt+ (b) clear and convincin# evidence+ (c) preponderance of evidence+ and% (d)

s$bstantial evidence. n ,$d$aco% te Co$rt r$led tat administrative proceedin#s a#ainst

j$d#es are b5 nat$re i#l5 penal in caracter and are to be #overned b5 te r$lesapplicable to criminal caseste ?$ant$m of proof re?$ired to s$pport te

administrative car#e so$ld t$s be more s$bstantial and te5 m$st be proven be5ond

reasonable do$bt citin# as a$torit5 n 'e mpeacment of ;onorable "ntonio ;orilleno%

4 Pil. 212 (1@22)% at 21*. !e3 9ar 'evie 200@ *."rnado v. S$arin% 4>8 SC'" 402(200*) (Ceb$) 9arel5 a eeA later% te Co$rt applied te principle in ,$d$aco to a

seriff."dministrative proceedin#s a#ainst j$dicial emplo5ees are b5 nat$re% i#l5

penal in caracter and are to be #overned b5 te r$les applicable to criminal cases. e

?$ant$m of proof re?$ired to s$pport te administrative car#es so$ld t$s be mores$bstantial and te5 m$st be proven be5ond reasonable do$bt.


3/6

.&overnment of ;on# on# Special "dministrative 'e#ion v. Blalia% r.% *21 SC'" 480

(2008)

Confronted ane it te ?$estion as to eter a potential e3traditee is entitled to bail%

te Co$rt fo$nd occasion to revisit at it ad earlier decreed in P$r#anan% s$pra. t notedtat te modern trend in p$blic international la is te primac5 placed on te ort of te

individ$al person and te sanctit5 of $man ri#ts% citin# te Universal ,eclaration of

;$man 'i#ts and te nternational Covenant on Civil and Political 'i#ts. $ndamentalamon# te ri#ts ensrined in te nternational Covenant on Civil and Political 'i#ts are

te ri#ts of ever5 person to life% libert5% and d$e process. Dile te Co$rt in P$r#anan

limited te e3ercise of te ri#t to bail to criminal proceedin#s% in li#t of te vario$s

international treaties #ivin# reco#nition and protection to $man ri#ts% partic$larl5 teri#t to life and libert5% a ree3amination of te Co$rts r$lin# in P$r#anan as

accordin#l5 in order. !e3 9ar 'evie 200@ (Ceb$) e Co$rt also reasoned o$t tat if

bail can be #ranted in deportation cases% it sa no j$stification 5 it so$ld not also be

alloed in e3tradition cases

clearl5% te ri#t of a prospective e3traditee to appl5 forbail m$st be vieed in te li#t of te vario$s treat5 obli#ations of te Pilippines

concernin# respect for te promotion and protection of $man ri#ts. ' 9 & Dilee3tradition is not a criminal proceedin#% it is caracteri


4/6

PEBP!E FS. "66=U,= -1> SC'" 402+ &.'. !784>@+ > $l 1@/

rida5% ebr$ar5 0>% 200@ Posted b5 Coffeeolic Drites

!abels: Case ,i#ests% Political !a

acts: del "minn$din% acc$sed7appellant as arrested on $ne 2*% 1@4% sortl5 after

disembarAin# from te 6GF Dilcon @ at abo$t :0 in te evenin#% in loilo Cit5. e PCofficers o ere in fact aitin# for im beca$se of a tip from one teir informers

simpl5 accosted im% inspected is ba# and findin# at looAed liAed marij$ana leaves

tooA im to teir ead?$arters for investi#ation. e to b$ndles of s$spect articles ereconfiscated from im and later taAen to te =9 laborator5 for e3amination. t as fo$nd

to contain tree Ailos of at ere later anal5


5/6

PEBP!E F. 6E=&BE -210 SC'" 184+ &.'. =B. 80*@+ 22 U= 1@@2/

rida5% ebr$ar5 0>% 200@ Posted b5 Coffeeolic Drites

!abels: Case ,i#ests% Political !a

acts: e Destern Police ,istrict received a telepone call from an informer tat tere

ere tree s$spicio$s looAin# persons at te corner of $an !$na and =ort 9a59o$levard in ondo% 6anila. " s$rveillance team of plainclotesmen as fortit

dispatced to te place. e patrolmen sa to men looAin# from side to side% one of

om oldin# is abdomen. e5 approaced te persons and identified temselves aspolicemen% ere$pon te to tried to r$n b$t $nable to escape beca$se te oter lamen

s$rro$nded tem. e s$spects ere ten searced. Bne of tem te acc$sed7appellant

as fo$nd it a . caliber it live amm$nitions in it% ile is companion ad a fan

Anife. e eapons ere taAen from tem and te5 ere t$rned over to te policeead?$arters for investi#ation. "n information as filed before te 'C convictin# te

acc$sed of ille#al possession of firearm arm. " itness testified tat te eapon as

amon# te articles stolen at is sop% ic e reported to te police incl$din# te

revolver. or is part% 6en#ote made no effort to prove tat e oned te fire arm or tate as licensed to possess it b$t instead% e claimed tat te eapon as planted on im

at te time of is arrest. ;e as convicted for violation of P.,.1>> and as sentenced torecl$sion perpet$a. n is appeal e pleads tat te eapon as not admissible as

evidence a#ainst im beca$se it ad been ille#all5 sei


6/6

U6! FS. '"6BS

"CS: is consolidated case of petitions for abeas corp$s assails te validit5 of tearrests and searces made b5 te militar5 on te petitioners. e arrests relied on te

confidential informationtat te a$torities received. E3cept for one case ere

incitin# to sedition as car#ed% te rest are car#ed it s$bversion for bein# a memberof te =e Peoples "rm5.

'U!=&: e arrests ere le#al. 'e#ardin# te s$bversion cases% te arrests ere le#alsince s$bversion is a form of a contin$in# crimeto#eter it rebellion% conspirac5 or

proposal to commit rebellionGs$bversion% and crimes committed in f$rterance tereof or

in connection tereit. Bn te incitin# to sedition case% te arrest as le#al since an

information as filed prior to is arrest. !astl5% te arrests ere not fisin# e3peditionsb$t a res$lt of an in7dept s$rveillance of =P" safe o$ses pinpointed b5 none oter tan

members of te =P".

e ri#t to preliminar5 investi#ation so$ld be e3ercised b5 te offender as soon as

possible. Bterise% it o$ld be considered as impliedl5 aived and te filin# ofinformation can proceed. is sort of irre#$larit5 is not s$fficient to set aside a valid

j$d#ment $pon a s$fficient complaint and after a trial free from error.

,SSE=: (Sarmiento% .) econfidential informationas notin# b$t earsa5.

e searces and arrests made ere bereft of probable ca$se and tat te petitioners erenot ca$#t in fla#rante delicto or in an5 overt act. Utmost% te a$torities as l$cA5 in

teir fisin# e3peditions.

2. e 9ill of 'i#ts can onl5 be invoAed onl5 a#ainst te state. People vs. 6arti 77 6artiand is ife ent to te boot of te I6anila PacAin# and E3port orardersI carr5in#

it tem fo$r (4) #ift7rapped pacAa#es. 6arti informed te oner tat te pacAa#es

simpl5 contained booAs% ci#ars and #loves as #ifts to is friends in J$ric and ref$sed toallo te oner to e3amine and inspect te pacAa#es. ;oever% before te deliver5 of te

bo3 to te 9$rea$ of C$stoms% te onerHs $sband inspected te pacAa#e and fo$nd

marij$ana ic as later t$rned over to te =9. " case as filed a#ainst 6arti. 6artiinvoAed is ri#t a#ainst ille#al searces and sei

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